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$156,000
$130,000
Initial demand
Q1 Q2 Number of home-seeker
b. Half of the people who had relocated to Baton Rouge moved back to rebuilt
New Orleans means that the demand for house decreases. This led to an
excess supply, which caused the demand curve shift to the left and lowered
market price to meet equilibrium.
House prices ($)
Supply
$A
Initial demand
$B
Q1 Q2 Number of home-seeker
Ex2:
The decrease in bee population brings about the decline in pollination and in
turns reducing the supply of strawberries, raspberries… The shortage in supply of
ingredients for ice cream has caused the supply curve to shift to the left.
Since input materials for producing ice cream are limited, the cost of
manufacturing ice creams will increase. As a result, it is predicted that the
demand for ice cream will go down and the demand curve will move to the left.
In conclusion, the decrease of the bee population will affect the market of ice
cream in a rough way as ice cream is an elastic product.
P2
P1
Q1 Q2 Bee population
Ex3:
Prices ($)
P1
P2 Demand
Q1 Q2
Quantity
a) We have
P1: $10/meal/person P2: $5/meal/person
Q1: 2 meals Q2: 6 meals
->Total expenditure: $20 -> Total expenditure: $30
%ΔQ 2
-> Elasticity of demand: Epd = %Δ P = −0.5 = 4 ( ignore the minus sign)
b)
- The promotional voucher has made a big impact on Mr. Binh family’s
monthly expenditure. By decreasing the cost of meals by 1%, the quantity
demanded rises by 4%, which increases total expenditure that Mr. Binh
spends on this restaurant by $10 ( from $20 to $30).
- The change in total expenditure will remain consistent with the value of
demand if all other factors are held constant (Ceteris paribus).
Ex4:
a)
P 1 P
Epd = Q’p x Q = - b x Q
Prices ($)
Supply
$400
Demand
10000 Quantity
b)
Percentage change in demand = 15%
Percentage change in equilibrium price = 0.1 =10%
Prices ($)
B
Supply
Demand (new)
A
$400
Initial Demand
10000 Quantity
c)
As percentage change in demand increases, percentage change in equilibrium
price increases, or in other words, an increase in demand causes the equilibrium
price of apartments to increase.
Ex: 5
% Δ Qs
Percentage change in equilibrium price = - Es+ Ed = 8%
$108
A
C
$100 Demand
Quantity