Geometry

Chapter 5
Resource Masters
 Consumable Workbooks
Many of the worksheets contained in the Chapter Resource Masters booklets
are available as consumable workbooks.
Study Guide and Intervention Workbook 0-07-860191-6
Skills Practice Workbook 0-07-860192-4
Practice Workbook 0-07-860193-2
Reading to Learn Mathematics Workbook 0-07-861061-3

ANSWERS FOR WORKBOOKS The answers for Chapter 5 of these workbooks

can be found in the back of this Chapter Resource Masters booklet.

Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Printed in the United States of America. Permission is granted to reproduce the
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ISBN: 0-07-860182-7 Geometry

Chapter 5 Resource Masters

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 009 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03
 Contents
Vocabulary Builder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Lesson 5-5
Study Guide and Intervention . . . . . . . . 269–270
Proof Builder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
Skills Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272
Lesson 5-1
Reading to Learn Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . 273
Study Guide and Intervention . . . . . . . . 245–246
Enrichment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274
Skills Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
Chapter 5 Assessment
Reading to Learn Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . 249
Chapter 5 Test, Form 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . 275–276
Enrichment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
Chapter 5 Test, Form 2A . . . . . . . . . . . 277–278
Chapter 5 Test, Form 2B . . . . . . . . . . . 279–280
Lesson 5-2
Chapter 5 Test, Form 2C . . . . . . . . . . . 281–282
Study Guide and Intervention . . . . . . . . 251–252
Chapter 5 Test, Form 2D . . . . . . . . . . . 283–284
Skills Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
Chapter 5 Test, Form 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . 285–286
Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
Chapter 5 Open-Ended Assessment . . . . . . 287
Reading to Learn Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . 255
Chapter 5 Vocabulary Test/Review . . . . . . . 288
Enrichment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
Chapter 5 Quizzes 1 & 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289
Lesson 5-3 Chapter 5 Quizzes 3 & 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290
Study Guide and Intervention . . . . . . . . 257–258 Chapter 5 Mid-Chapter Test . . . . . . . . . . . . 291
Skills Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259 Chapter 5 Cumulative Review . . . . . . . . . . . 292
Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260 Chapter 5 Standardized Test Practice . 293–294
Reading to Learn Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . 261
Standardized Test Practice
Enrichment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
Student Recording Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A1
Lesson 5-4 ANSWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A2–A26
Study Guide and Intervention . . . . . . . . 263–264
Skills Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266
Reading to Learn Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . 267
Enrichment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill iii Glencoe Geometry

 Teacher’s Guide to Using the
Chapter 5 Resource Masters
The Fast File Chapter Resource system allows you to conveniently file the resources
you use most often. The Chapter 5 Resource Masters includes the core materials needed
for Chapter 5. These materials include worksheets, extensions, and assessment options.
The answers for these pages appear at the back of this booklet.
All of the materials found in this booklet are included for viewing and printing in the
Geometry TeacherWorks CD-ROM.
Vocabulary Builder Pages vii–viii
include a student study tool that presents
up to twenty of the key vocabulary terms
from the chapter. Students are to record
definitions and/or examples for each term.
You may suggest that students highlight or
star the terms with which they are not
familiar.
WHEN TO USE Give these pages to
students before beginning Lesson 5-1.
Encourage them to add these pages to their
Geometry Study Notebook. Remind them to
add definitions and examples as they
complete each lesson.
Vocabulary Builder Pages ix–x
include another student study tool that
presents up to fourteen of the key theorems
and postulates from the chapter. Students
are to write each theorem or postulate in
their own words, including illustrations if
they choose to do so. You may suggest that
students highlight or star the theorems or
postulates with which they are not familiar.
WHEN TO USE Give these pages to
students before beginning Lesson 5-1.
Encourage them to add these pages to their
Geometry Study Notebook. Remind them to
update it as they complete each lesson.
Study Guide and Intervention
Each lesson in Geometry addresses two
objectives. There is one Study Guide and
Intervention master for each objective.
WHEN TO USE Use these masters as
reteaching activities for students who need
additional reinforcement. These pages can
also be used in conjunction with the Student
Edition as an instructional tool for students
who have been absent.
© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill iv
Skills Practice There is one master for
each lesson. These provide computational
practice at a basic level.
WHEN TO USE These masters can be
used with students who have weaker
mathematics backgrounds or need
additional reinforcement.
Practice There is one master for each
lesson. These problems more closely follow
the structure of the Practice and Apply
section of the Student Edition exercises.
These exercises are of average difficulty.
WHEN TO USE These provide additional
practice options or may be used as
homework for second day teaching of the
lesson.
Reading to Learn Mathematics
One master is included for each lesson. The
first section of each master asks questions
about the opening paragraph of the lesson
in the Student Edition. Additional
questions ask students to interpret the
context of and relationships among terms
in the lesson. Finally, students are asked to
summarize what they have learned using
various representation techniques.
WHEN TO USE This master can be used
as a study tool when presenting the lesson
or as an informal reading assessment after
presenting the lesson. It is also a helpful
tool for ELL (English Language Learner)
students.
Glencoe Geometry
Enrichment There is one extension
master for each lesson. These activities may
extend the concepts in the lesson, offer an
historical or multicultural look at the
concepts, or widen students’ perspectives on
the mathematics they are learning. These
are not written exclusively for honors
students, but are accessible for use with all
levels of students.
WHEN TO USE These may be used as
extra credit, short-term projects, or as
activities for days when class periods are
shortened.
Assessment Options
The assessment masters in the Chapter 5
Resources Masters offer a wide range of
assessment tools for intermediate and final
assessment. The following lists describe each
assessment master and its intended use.
Chapter Assessment
CHAPTER TESTS
• Form 1 contains multiple-choice questions
and is intended for use with basic level
students.
• Forms 2A and 2B contain multiple-choice
questions aimed at the average level
student. These tests are similar in format
to offer comparable testing situations.
• Forms 2C and 2D are composed of free-
response questions aimed at the average
level student. These tests are similar in
format to offer comparable testing
situations. Grids with axes are provided
for questions assessing graphing skills.
• Form 3 is an advanced level test with
free-response questions. Grids without
axes are provided for questions assessing
graphing skills.
All of the above tests include a free-
response Bonus question.
• The Open-Ended Assessment includes
performance assessment tasks that are
suitable for all students. A scoring rubric
is included for evaluation guidelines.
Sample answers are provided for
assessment.
© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
• A Vocabulary Test, suitable for all
students, includes a list of the vocabulary
words in the chapter and ten questions
assessing students’ knowledge of those
terms. This can also be used in conjunc-
tion with one of the chapter tests or as a
review worksheet.
Intermediate Assessment
• Four free-response quizzes are included
to offer assessment at appropriate
intervals in the chapter.
• A Mid-Chapter Test provides an option
to assess the first half of the chapter. It is
composed of both multiple-choice and
free-response questions.
Continuing Assessment
• The Cumulative Review provides
students an opportunity to reinforce and
retain skills as they proceed through
their study of Geometry. It can also be
used as a test. This master includes
free-response questions.
• The Standardized Test Practice offers
continuing review of geometry concepts
in various formats, which may appear on
the standardized tests that they may
encounter. This practice includes multiple-
choice, grid-in, and short-response
questions. Bubble-in and grid-in answer
sections are provided on the master.
Answers
• Page A1 is an answer sheet for the
Standardized Test Practice questions
that appear in the Student Edition on
pages 278–279. This improves students’
familiarity with the answer formats they
may encounter in test taking.
• The answers for the lesson-by-lesson
masters are provided as reduced pages
with answers appearing in red.
• Full-size answer keys are provided for
the assessment masters in this booklet.
v Glencoe Geometry
 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5 Reading to Learn Mathematics

Vocabulary Builder

Vocabulary Builder
This is an alphabetical list of the key vocabulary terms you will learn in Chapter 5.
As you study the chapter, complete each term’s definition or description. Remember
to add the page number where you found the term. Add these pages to your
Geometry Study Notebook to review vocabulary at the end of the chapter.

Found
Vocabulary Term Definition/Description/Example
on Page
altitude

centroid

circumcenter






SUHR·kuhm·SEN·tuhr

concurrent lines

incenter

indirect proof

(continued on the next page)

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill vii Glencoe Geometry

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5 Reading to Learn Mathematics

Vocabulary Builder (continued)
Found
Vocabulary Term Definition/Description/Example
on Page
indirect reasoning

median

orthocenter








OHR·thoh·CEN·tuhr

perpendicular bisector

point of concurrency

proof by contradiction

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill viii Glencoe Geometry

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5 Learning to Read Mathematics

Proof Builder
This is a list of key theorems and postulates you will learn in Chapter 5. As you

Proof Builder
study the chapter, write each theorem or postulate in your own words. Include
illustrations as appropriate. Remember to include the page number where you
found the theorem or postulate. Add this page to your Geometry Study Notebook
so you can review the theorems and postulates at the end of the chapter.

Found
Theorem or Postulate Description/Illustration/Abbreviation
on Page

Theorem 5.1

Theorem 5.2

Theorem 5.3
Circumcenter Theorem

Theorem 5.4

Theorem 5.5

Theorem 5.6
Incenter Theorem

Theorem 5.7
Centroid Theorem

(continued on the next page)

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill ix Glencoe Geometry

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5 Learning to Read Mathematics

Proof Builder (continued)
Found
Theorem or Postulate Description/Illustration/Abbreviation
on Page

Theorem 5.8
Exterior Angle Inequality
Theorem

Theorem 5.9

Theorem 5.10

Theorem 5.11
Triangle Inequality Theorem

Theorem 5.12

Theorem 5.13
SAS Inequality/Hinge
Theorem

Theorem 5.14
SSS Inequality

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill x Glencoe Geometry

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5-1 Study Guide and Intervention

Bisectors, Medians, and Altitudes
Perpendicular Bisectors and Angle Bisectors A perpendicular bisector of a
side of a triangle is a line, segment, or ray that is perpendicular to the side and passes
through its midpoint. Another special segment, ray, or line is an angle bisector, which
divides an angle into two congruent angles.
Two properties of perpendicular bisectors are:
(1) a point is on the perpendicular bisector of a segment if and only if it is equidistant from
the endpoints of the segment, and
(2) the three perpendicular bisectors of the sides of a triangle meet at a point, called the
circumcenter of the triangle, that is equidistant from the three vertices of the triangle.

Lesson 5-1
Two properties of angle bisectors are:
(1) a point is on the angle bisector of an angle if and only if it is equidistant from the sides
of the angle, and
(2) the three angle bisectors of a triangle meet at a point, called the incenter of the
triangle, that is equidistant from the three sides of the triangle.

Example 1


BD is the perpendicular Example 2

 is the angle bisector
MR

C
bisector of A
. Find x. of
NMP. Find x if m
1  5x
8 and
C m
2  8x  16.
5x  6 N R
B D 3x
8 1
2
A M P


 is the perpendicular bisector of A
BD
C

, so

 is the angle bisector of
NMP, so
MR
AD
DC. m
1
m
2.
3x  8
5x  6 5x  8
8x  16
14
2x 24
3x
7
x 8
x

Exercises
Find the value of each variable.

1. B 2. F 3. E
F
8y
D D 3x  E 8x 
A C 6x  10y  4
6 x  2 E 7x  9 C D
C (4x
30)


DE is the perpendicular CDF is equilateral.


DF bisects
CDE.

C
bisector of A
.

4. For what kinds of triangle(s) can the perpendicular bisector of a side also be an angle
bisector of the angle opposite the side?

5. For what kind of triangle do the perpendicular bisectors intersect in a point outside the
triangle?

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 245 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5-1 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Bisectors, Medians, and Altitudes

Medians and Altitudes A median is a line segment that connects the vertex of a
triangle to the midpoint of the opposite side. The three medians of a triangle intersect at the
centroid of the triangle.

Centroid The centroid of a triangle is located two thirds of the distance from a B
centroid
Theorem vertex to the midpoint of the side opposite the vertex on a median.
D E
L
A C
F
2 2 2
AL
AE, BL
BF, CL
CD
3 3 3

Example
Points R, S, and T are the midpoints B

B
of A
, B



C
C and A
, respectively. Find x, y, and z.
2 2 2 24
CU
 CR BU
 BT AU
 AS R 15 S
3 3 3 U 11
2 2 2 4
6x
 (6x  15) 24
 (24  3y  3) 6z  4
 (6z  4  11)

6z 6x
3 3 3
3 A C
9x
6x  15 36
24  3y  3  (6z  4)
6z  4  11 3y  3 T
2
3x
15 36
21  3y 9z  6
6z  15
x
5 15
3y 3z
9
5
y z
3

Exercises
Find the value of each variable.
1. 7x  1 C 2. 10x C
F 15
D
6x
3 B D
9x
6 3y
E
A B A

D
B
is a median. AB
CB; D, E, and F are midpoints.
3. E 9x  2 4. 3y
5 K
O
12
24 6z
J M
10 N 2x
F G
7x
4 H 5y
P
EH
FH
HG L

5. B 6. T
M y z N
E 8y 24 F
6z x V

6 R S
9z 6x 32 P
A C
G V is the centroid of RST;
D is the centroid of ABC. TP
18; MS
15; RN
24

7. For what kind of triangle are the medians and angle bisectors the same segments?

8. For what kind of triangle is the centroid outside the triangle?

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 246 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5-1 Skills Practice

Bisectors, Medians, and Altitudes
ALGEBRA For Exercises 1–4, use the given information to find each value.

G
1. Find x if E
is a median of DEF.
U
2. Find x and RT if S
is a median of RST.
F T
5x  17 2x
24
E U
G S
3x
1 5x  30
D R

Lesson 5-1

D
3. Find x and EF if B
is an angle bisector.
K
4. Find x and IJ if H
is an altitude of HIJ.
C I
G
x
8
2x
6
B
F D
4x  1 (3x
3) K
E
x9

A H J

ALGEBRA For Exercises 5–7, use the following information. Q y
1

M N
In LMN, P, Q, and R are the midpoints of L

M

, M

N

, and L

N

, x
2.8
respectively. 2z B
3.6 2 R
5. Find x. P

6. Find y.
L
7. Find z.

ALGEBRA Lines a, b, and c are perpendicular bisectors

P
of PQR and meet at A.
18
8. Find x.
5y  6
9. Find y.
7z
4
10. Find z. 8x
16 A 24
R Q
b a c

COORDINATE GEOMETRY The vertices of HIJ are G(1, 0), H(6, 0), and I(3, 6). Find
the coordinates of the points of concurrency of HIJ.
11. orthocenter 12. centroid 13. circumcenter

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 247 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5-1 Practice
Bisectors, Medians, and Altitudes
ALGEBRA In ABC, B

F

is the angle bisector of
ABC, A

E

, B

F

, C
E

D
and C
are medians, and P is the centroid.
B F
1. Find x if DP
4x  3 and CP
30. P
D
A
2. Find y if AP
y and EP
18.

3. Find z if FP
5z  10 and BP
42.

4. If m
ABC
x and m
BAC
m
BCA
2x  10, is B

F

an altitude? Explain.

ALGEBRA In PRS, P

T

is an altitude and P

X

is a median. P

5. Find RS if RX
x  7 and SX
3x  11.

S R
X T
6. Find RT if RT
x  6 and m
PTR
8x  6.

ALGEBRA In DEF, G

I
is a perpendicular bisector. E

7. Find x if EH
16 and FH
6x  5.
G

H
8. Find y if EG
3.2y  1 and FG
2y  5. D
I
F

9. Find z if m
EGH
12z.

COORDINATE GEOMETRY The vertices of STU are S(0, 1), T(4, 7), and U(8, 3).
Find the coordinates of the points of concurrency of STU.

10. orthocenter 11. centroid 12. circumcenter

13. MOBILES Nabuko wants to construct a mobile out of flat triangles so that the surfaces
of the triangles hang parallel to the floor when the mobile is suspended. How can
Nabuko be certain that she hangs the triangles to achieve this effect?

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 248 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5-1 Reading to Learn Mathematics

Bisectors, Medians, and Altitudes
Pre-Activity How can you balance a paper triangle on a pencil point?
Read the introduction to Lesson 5-1 at the top of page 238 in your textbook.
Draw any triangle and connect each vertex to the midpoint of the opposite
side to form the three medians of the triangle. Is the point where the three
medians intersect the midpoint of each of the medians?

Lesson 5-1
Reading the Lesson
1. Underline the correct word or phrase to complete each sentence.
a. Three or more lines that intersect at a common point are called
(parallel/perpendicular/concurrent) lines.
b. Any point on the perpendicular bisector of a segment is
(parallel to/congruent to/equidistant from) the endpoints of the segment.
c. A(n) (altitude/angle bisector/median/perpendicular bisector) of a triangle is a
segment drawn from a vertex of the triangle perpendicular to the line containing
the opposite side.

d. The point of concurrency of the three perpendicular bisectors of a triangle is called the
(orthocenter/circumcenter/centroid/incenter).

e. Any point in the interior of an angle that is equidistant from the sides of that angle
lies on the (median/angle bisector/altitude).

f. The point of concurrency of the three angle bisectors of a triangle is called the
(orthocenter/circumcenter/centroid/incenter).

B
2. In the figure, E is the midpoint of A
, F is the midpoint of B

C

, C
and G is the midpoint of A
C

.
G F
a. Name the altitudes of ABC. H

b. Name the medians of ABC. A B

E D
c. Name the centroid of ABC.
d. Name the orthocenter of ABC.
e. If AF
12 and CE
9, find AH and HE.

Helping You Remember

3. A good way to remember something is to explain it to someone else. Suppose that a
classmate is having trouble remembering whether the center of gravity of a triangle is
the orthocenter, the centroid, the incenter, or the circumcenter of the triangle. Suggest a
way to remember which point it is.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 249 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5-1 Enrichment

Inscribed and Circumscribed Circles

The three angle bisectors of a triangle intersect in a single point called the incenter. This
point is the center of a circle that just touches the three sides of the triangle. Except for the
three points where the circle touches the sides, the circle is inside the triangle. The circle is
said to be inscribed in the triangle.

1. With a compass and a straightedge, construct the inscribed P

circle for PQR by following the steps below.
Step 1 Construct the bisectors of
P and
Q. Label the point
where the bisectors meet A.
Step 2 Construct a perpendicular segment from A to

. Use
RQ
the letter B to label the point where the perpendicular A
segment intersects
RQ
.
R Q
Step 3 Use a compass to draw the circle with center at A and B
radius A
B

.

Construct the inscribed circle in each triangle.

2. 3.

The three perpendicular bisectors of the sides of a triangle also meet in a single point. This
point is the center of the circumscribed circle, which passes through each vertex of the
triangle. Except for the three points where the circle touches the triangle, the circle is
outside the triangle. G

4. Follow the steps below to construct the circumscribed circle

for FGH.
Step 1 Construct the perpendicular bisectors of F
G

and F


H.
Use the letter A to label the point where the
perpendicular bisectors meet. F H
Step 2 Draw the circle that has center A and radius A
F

.

Construct the circumscribed circle for each triangle.

5. 6.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 250 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5-2 Study Guide and Intervention

Inequalities and Triangles
Angle Inequalities Properties of inequalities, including the Transitive, Addition,
Subtraction, Multiplication, and Division Properties of Inequality, can be used with
measures of angles and segments. There is also a Comparison Property of Inequality.
For any real numbers a and b, either a  b, a
b, or a  b.
The Exterior Angle Theorem can be used to prove this inequality involving an exterior angle.

If an angle is an exterior angle of a B

Exterior Angle triangle, then its measure is greater than
Inequality Theorem the measure of either of its corresponding
1
remote interior angles. A
C D
m
1  m
A, m
1  m
B

Example List all angles of EFG whose measures are G

less than m
1. 4

The measure of an exterior angle is greater than the measure of 1 2

Lesson 5-2
3
F
either remote interior angle. So m
3  m
1 and m
4  m
1. H E

List all angles that satisfy the stated condition. L

3
1. all angles whose measures are less than m
1 1 2 4 5
M J K
Exercises 1–2
2. all angles whose measures are greater than m
3

U
3. all angles whose measures are less than m
1
3 5
7 2 1 4 6
4. all angles whose measures are greater than m
1 X T W V
Exercises 3–8
5. all angles whose measures are less than m
7

6. all angles whose measures are greater than m
2

7. all angles whose measures are greater than m
5

8. all angles whose measures are less than m
4

9. all angles whose measures are less than m
1 S

N
8
7
10. all angles whose measures are greater than m
4
Q
2 6 5
1 3 4
P
R O
Exercises 9–10

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 251 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5-2 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Inequalities and Triangles

Angle-Side Relationships When the sides of triangles are A
not congruent, there is a relationship between the sides and
angles of the triangles.
B C
• If one side of a triangle is longer than another side, then the
angle opposite the longer side has a greater measure than the If AC  AB, then m
B  m
C.
angle opposite the shorter side. If m
A  m
C, then BC  AB.
• If one angle of a triangle has a greater measure than another
angle, then the side opposite the greater angle is longer than
the side opposite the lesser angle.

Example 1 List the angles in order Example 2

List the sides in order
from least to greatest measure. from shortest to longest.
S C
6 cm 7 cm 35

R T 20 125
9 cm A B

T,
R,
S
B
C
, A

B

, A

C

Exercises
List the angles or sides in order from least to greatest measure.

1. R 2. S 3. B
48 cm 80 3.8 4.3
23.7 cm

60 40 A C
T 35 cm S R T 4.0

Determine the relationship between the measures of the 22 T

U
given angles.
24 35 24
4.
R,
RUS 21.6

R S
13 V 25
5.
T,
UST

6.
UVS,
R

Determine the relationship between the lengths of the C

given sides. 30
30

C
7. A
, B

C


30 90
A B

C
8. B
, D

B

D

C
9. A
, D

B

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5-2 Skills Practice

Inequalities and Triangles
Determine which angle has the greatest measure.
3
5
1.
1,
3,
4 2.
4,
5,
7
1 2 4 6 7 8

3.
2,
3,
6 4.
5,
6,
8

Use the Exterior Angle Inequality Theorem to list all

angles that satisfy the stated condition. 2 4 7

5. all angles whose measures are less than m
1 1 3 5 6 8 9

6. all angles whose measures are less than m
9

Lesson 5-2
7. all angles whose measures are greater than m
5

8. all angles whose measures are greater than m
8

Determine the relationship between the measures of B 34

23 C
the given angles.
A
35
41
9. m
ABD, m
BAD 10. m
ADB, m
BAD 39
D

11. m
BCD, m
CDB 12. m
CBD, m
CDB

Determine the relationship between the lengths of the M

given sides. 83 57
79 N
L 38

M
13. L
, L

P


P
14. M
, M

N

44
59
P

N
15. M
, N

P


P
16. M
, L

P

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 253 Glencoe Geometry

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5-2 Practice
Inequalities and Triangles
Determine which angle has the greatest measure.
10
1.
1,
3,
4 2.
4,
8,
9 3
8 9
7
6
4
5
2
3.
2,
3,
7 4.
7,
8,
10 1

Use the Exterior Angle Inequality Theorem to list

all angles that satisfy the stated condition. 1
2
3
5. all angles whose measures are less than m
1 4
5 6

7 8
9

6. all angles whose measures are less than m
3

7. all angles whose measures are greater than m
7

8. all angles whose measures are greater than m
2

Determine the relationship between the measures R

of the given angles. 44
47 35 S
34
9. m
QRW, m
RWQ 10. m
RTW, m
TWR 22
T
Q 14
45 W

11. m
RST, m
TRS 12. m
WQR, m
QRW

Determine the relationship between the lengths D E

F
of the given sides. 48 113

H
13. D
, G

H


E
14. D
, D

G


120
H 32 17
G

G
15. E
, F

G


E
16. D
, E

G

17. SPORTS The figure shows the position of three trees on one
part of a Frisbee™ course. At which tree position is the angle 2
between the trees the greatest?
40 ft 37.5 ft

3 1
53 ft

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5-2 Reading to Learn Mathematics

Inequalities and Triangles
Pre-Activity How can you tell which corner is bigger?
Read the introduction to Lesson 5-2 at the top of page 247 in your textbook.
• Which side of the patio is opposite the largest corner?
• Which side of the patio is opposite the smallest corner?

Reading the Lesson

1. Name the property of inequality that is illustrated by each of the following.
a. If x  8 and 8  y, then x  y.
b. If x  y, then x  7.5  y  7.5.
c. If x  y, then 3x  3y.
d. If x is any real number, x  0, x
0, or x  0.

2. Use the definition of inequality to write an equation that shows that each inequality is true.
a. 20  12 b. 101  99

Lesson 5-2
c. 8  2 d. 7  7
e. 11  12 f. 30  45

3. In the figure, m
IJK
45 and m
H  m
I. I

a. Arrange the following angles in order from largest to
smallest:
I,
IJK,
H,
IJH H
J K
b. Arrange the sides of HIJ in order from shortest to longest.

c. Is HIJ an acute, right, or obtuse triangle? Explain your reasoning.

d. Is HIJ scalene, isosceles, or equilateral? Explain your reasoning.

Helping You Remember

4. A good way to remember a new geometric theorem is to relate it to a theorem you
learned earlier. Explain how the Exterior Angle Inequality Theorem is related to the
Exterior Angle Theorem, and why the Exterior Angle Inequality Theorem must be true if
the Exterior Angle Theorem is true.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 255 Glencoe Geometry

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5-2 Enrichment

Construction Problem
The diagram below shows segment AB adjacent to a closed region. The
problem requires that you construct another segment XY to the right of the
closed region such that points A, B, X, and Y are collinear. You are not allowed
to touch or cross the closed region with your compass or straightedge.

D
n R E S
m
P k

C Closed Region T
A B (Lake) X
Existing
Road

Follow these instructions to construct a segment XY so that it is

collinear with segment AB.

B
1. Construct the perpendicular bisector of A
. Label the midpoint as point C,
and the line as m.

2. Mark two points P and Q on line m that lie well above the closed region.
Construct the perpendicular bisector n of

PQ
. Label the intersection of
lines m and n as point D.

3. Mark points R and S on line n that lie well to the right of the closed
region. Construct the perpendicular bisector k of

RS
. Label the
intersection of lines n and k as point E.

4. Mark point X on line
X

k so that X is below line n and so that E
is

C
congruent to D
.

5. Mark points T and V on line k and on opposite sides of X, so that X

T and

V
X
are congruent. Construct the perpendicular bisector
of

TV
. Call the
point where the line
hits the boundary of the closed region point Y. X

Y

corresponds to the new road.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 256 Glencoe Geometry

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5-3 Study Guide and Intervention

Indirect Proof
Indirect Proof with Algebra One way to prove that a statement is true is to assume
that its conclusion is false and then show that this assumption leads to a contradiction of
the hypothesis, a definition, postulate, theorem, or other statement that is accepted as true.
That contradiction means that the conclusion cannot be false, so the conclusion must be
true. This is known as indirect proof.

Steps for Writing an Indirect Proof

1. Assume that the conclusion is false.
2. Show that this assumption leads to a contradiction.
3. Point out that the assumption must be false, and therefore, the conclusion must be true.

ExampleGiven: 3x
5  8 x 3x  5
Prove: x  1
1 8
Step 1 Assume that x is not greater than 1. That is, x
1 or x  1.
Step 2 Make a table for several possibilities for x
1 or x  1. The 0 5
contradiction is that when x
1 or x  1, then 3x  5 is not 1 2
greater than 8.
2 1
Step 3 This contradicts the given information that 3x  5  8. The
assumption that x is not greater than 1 must be false, which 3 4
means that the statement “x  1” must be true.

Exercises
Write the assumption you would make to start an indirect proof of each statement.

Lesson 5-3
1. If 2x  14, then x  7.

2. For all real numbers, if a  b  c, then a  c  b.

Complete the proof.

Given: n is an integer and n2 is even.
Prove: n is even.
3. Assume that
4. Then n can be expressed as 2a  1 by
5. n2
Substitution
6.
Multiply.
7.
Simplify.
8.
2(2a2  2a)  1
9. 2(2a2  2a) 1 is an odd number. This contradicts the given that n2 is even,
so the assumption must be
10. Therefore,

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 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5-3 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Indirect Proof
Indirect Proof with Geometry To write an indirect proof in geometry, you assume
that the conclusion is false. Then you show that the assumption leads to a contradiction.
The contradiction shows that the conclusion cannot be false, so it must be true.

Example
Given: m
C  100 A B
Prove:
A is not a right angle.
Step 1 Assume that
A is a right angle. C
Step 2 Show that this leads to a contradiction. If
A is a right angle,
then m
A
90 and m
C  m
A
100  90
190. Thus the
sum of the measures of the angles of ABC is greater than 180.
Step 3 The conclusion that the sum of the measures of the angles of
ABC is greater than 180 is a contradiction of a known property.
The assumption that
A is a right angle must be false, which
means that the statement “
A is not a right angle” must be true.

Exercises
Write the assumption you would make to start an indirect proof of each
statement.

1. If m
A
90, then m
B
45.

V
2. If A
is not congruent to V

E

, then AVE is not isosceles.

Complete the proof. D G

1
Given:
1 
2 and D
G

is not congruent to F

G

. 2
E

E
Prove: D
is not congruent to F

E

. F

3. Assume that Assume the conclusion is false.

G
4. E
E

G

5. EDG  EFG

6.

7. This contradicts the given information, so the assumption must

be

8. Therefore,

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 258 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5-3 Skills Practice

Indirect Proof
Write the assumption you would make to start an indirect proof of each statement.

1. m
ABC  m
CBA

2. DEF  RST

3. Line a is perpendicular to line b.

4.
5 is supplementary to
6.

PROOF Write an indirect proof.

5. Given: x2  8  12
Prove: x  2

Lesson 5-3
6. Given:
D 
F. E
Prove: DE  EF

D F

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 259 Glencoe Geometry

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5-3 Practice
Indirect Proof
Write the assumption you would make to start an indirect proof of each statement.

D
1. B
bisects
ABC.

2. RT
TS

PROOF Write an indirect proof.

3. Given: 4x  2  10
Prove: x  3

4. Given: m
2  m
3  180 a

1
Prove: a |⁄| b 2
3 b

5. PHYSICS Sound travels through air at about 344 meters per second when the
temperature is 20°C. If Enrique lives 2 kilometers from the fire station and it takes
5 seconds for the sound of the fire station siren to reach him, how can you prove
indirectly that it is not 20°C when Enrique hears the siren?

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 260 Glencoe Geometry

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5-3 Reading to Learn Mathematics

Indirect Proof
Pre-Activity How is indirect proof used in literature?
Read the introduction to Lesson 5-3 at the top of page 255 in your textbook.
How could the author of a murder mystery use indirect reasoning to show
that a particular suspect is not guilty?

Reading the Lesson

1. Supply the missing words to complete the list of steps involved in writing an indirect proof.
Step 1 Assume that the conclusion is .
Step 2 Show that this assumption leads to a of the
or some other fact, such as a definition, postulate,
, or corollary.
Step 3 Point out that the assumption must be and, therefore, the
conclusion must be .
2. State the assumption that you would make to start an indirect proof of each statement.
a. If 6x  30, then x  5.
b. If n is a multiple of 6, then n is a multiple of 3.
c. If a and b are both odd, then ab is odd.
d. If a is positive and b is negative, then ab is negative.

Lesson 5-3
e. If F is between E and D, then EF  FD
ED.
f. In a plane, if two lines are perpendicular to the same line, then they are parallel.

g. Refer to the figure. h. Refer to the figure.

B Q R

P
A C
If AB
AC, then m
B
m
C. In PQR, PR  QR  QP.

Helping You Remember

3. A good way to remember a new concept in mathematics is to relate it to something you have
already learned. How is the process of indirect proof related to the relationship between a
conditional statement and its contrapositive?

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 261 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5-3 Enrichment

More Counterexamples
Some statements in mathematics can be proven false by counterexamples.
Consider the following statement.
For any numbers a and b, a  b
b  a.
You can prove that this statement is false in general if you can find one
example for which the statement is false.
Let a
7 and b
3. Substitute these values in the equation above.
7337
4  4
In general, for any numbers a and b, the statement a  b
b  a is false.
You can make the equivalent verbal statement: subtraction is not a
commutative operation.

In each of the following exercises a, b, and c are any numbers. Prove that
the statement is false by counterexample.

1. a  (b  c)  (a  b)  c 2. a (b c)  (a b) c

3. a bb a 4. a (b  c)  (a b)  (a c)

5. a  (bc)  (a  b)(a  c) 6. a2  a2  a4

7. Write the verbal equivalents for Exercises 1, 2, and 3.

8. For the Distributive Property a(b  c)
ab  ac it is said that multiplication

distributes over addition. Exercises 4 and 5 prove that some operations do not
distribute. Write a statement for each exercise that indicates this.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 262 Glencoe Geometry

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5-4 Study Guide and Intervention

The Triangle Inequality
The Triangle Inequality If you take three straws of lengths 8 inches, 5 inches, and
1 inch and try to make a triangle with them, you will find that it is not possible. This
illustrates the Triangle Inequality Theorem.

Triangle Inequality The sum of the lengths of any two sides of a A

Theorem triangle is greater than the length of the third side. b c

C a B

Example The measures of two sides of a triangle are 5 and 8. Find a range
for the length of the third side.
By the Triangle Inequality, all three of the following inequalities must be true.
5x8 8x5 58x
x3 x  3 13  x
Therefore x must be between 3 and 13.

Exercises
Determine whether the given measures can be the lengths of the sides of a
triangle. Write yes or no.

1. 3, 4, 6 2. 6, 9, 15

3. 8, 8, 8 4. 2, 4, 5

5. 4, 8, 16 6. 1.5, 2.5, 3

Find the range for the measure of the third side given the measures of two sides.

7. 1 and 6 8. 12 and 18

Lesson 5-4
9. 1.5 and 5.5 10. 82 and 8

11. Suppose you have three different positive numbers arranged in order from least to
greatest. What single comparison will let you see if the numbers can be the lengths of
the sides of a triangle?

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 263 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5-4 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

The Triangle Inequality

Distance Between a Point and a Line
The perpendicular segment from a point to The perpendicular segment from a point to
a line is the shortest segment from the a plane is the shortest segment from the
point to the line. point to the plane.
P Q
N
T
A C B

C
P 
.

is the shortest segment from P to AB
T
Q
is the shortest segment from Q to plane N.

Example Given: Point P is equidistant from the sides

of an angle. B
R P

A
Prove: B
C
A


Proof: A
S C
1. Draw B
P

and C

P
⊥ to 1. Dist. is measured
the sides of
RAS. along a ⊥.
2.
PBA and
PCA are right angles. 2. Def. of ⊥ lines
3. ABP and ACP are right triangles. 3. Def. of rt. 
4.
PBA 
PCA 4. Rt. angles are .
5. P is equidistant from the sides of
RAS. 5. Given

P
6. B
C
P
6. Def. of equidistant

P
7. A
A
P
7. Reflexive Property
8. ABP  ACP 8. HL

A
9. B
C
A

9. CPCTC

Exercises
Complete the proof. A R
Given: ABC  RST;
D 
U
D B U S

D
Prove: A
R
U
C T
Proof:
1. ABC  RST;
D 
U 1.

C
2. A
R

T

2.
3.
ACB 
RTS 3.
4.
ACB and
ACD are a linear pair; 4. Def. of

RTS and
RTU are a linear pair.
5.
ACB and
ACD are supplementary; 5.

RTS and
RTU are supplementary.
6. 6. Angles suppl. to  angles are .
7. ADC  RUT 7.
8. 8. CPCTC

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 264 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5-4 Skills Practice

The Triangle Inequality
Determine whether the given measures can be the lengths of the sides of a
triangle. Write yes or no.

1. 2, 3, 4 2. 5, 7, 9

3. 4, 8, 11 4. 13, 13, 26

5. 9, 10, 20 6. 15, 17, 19

7. 14, 17, 31 8. 6, 7, 12

Find the range for the measure of the third side of a triangle given the measures
of two sides.

9. 5 and 9 10. 7 and 14

11. 8 and 13 12. 10 and 12

13. 12 and 15 14. 15 and 27

15. 17 and 28 16. 18 and 22

ALGEBRA Determine whether the given coordinates are the vertices of a triangle.
Explain.

17. A(3, 5), B(4, 7), C(7, 6) 18. S(6, 5), T(8, 3), U(12, 1)

Lesson 5-4

19. H(8, 4), I(4, 2), J(4, 2) 20. D(1, 5), E(3, 0), F(1, 0)

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 265 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5-4 Practice
The Triangle Inequality
Determine whether the given measures can be the lengths of the sides of a
triangle. Write yes or no.

1. 9, 12, 18 2. 8, 9, 17

3. 14, 14, 19 4. 23, 26, 50

5. 32, 41, 63 6. 2.7, 3.1, 4.3

7. 0.7, 1.4, 2.1 8. 12.3, 13.9, 25.2

Find the range for the measure of the third side of a triangle given the measures
of two sides.

9. 6 and 19 10. 7 and 29

11. 13 and 27 12. 18 and 23

13. 25 and 38 14. 31 and 39

15. 42 and 6 16. 54 and 7

ALGEBRA Determine whether the given coordinates are the vertices of a triangle.
Explain.

17. R(1, 3), S(4, 0), T(10, 6) 18. W(2, 6), X(1, 6), Y(4, 2)

19. P(3, 2), L(1, 1), M(9, 1) 20. B(1, 1), C(6, 5), D(4, 1)

21. GARDENING Ha Poong has 4 lengths of wood from which he plans to make a border for a
triangular-shaped herb garden. The lengths of the wood borders are 8 inches, 10 inches,
12 inches, and 18 inches. How many different triangular borders can Ha Poong make?

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 266 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5-4 Reading to Learn Mathematics

The Triangle Inequality
Pre-Activity How can you use the Triangle Inequality Theorem when traveling?
Read the introduction to Lesson 5-4 at the top of page 261 in your textbook.
In addition to the greater distance involved in flying from Chicago to
Columbus through Indianapolis rather than flying nonstop, what are two
other reasons that it would take longer to get to Columbus if you take two
flights rather than one?

Reading the Lesson

1. Refer to the figure.
D

E
F G
Which statements are true?
A. DE  EF  FD B. DE
EF  FD
C. EG
EF  FG D. ED  DG  EG


E. The shortest distance from D to EG is DF.
F. The shortest distance from D to 

EG is DG.

2. Complete each sentence about XYZ.

Y

X Z

a. If XY
8 and YZ
11, then the range of values for XZ is  XZ  .

b. If XY
13 and XZ
25, then YZ must be between and .

Lesson 5-4
c. If XYZ is isosceles with
Z as the vertex angle, and XZ
8.5, then the range of
values for XY is  XY  .
d. If XZ
a and YZ
b, with b  a, then the range for XY is  XY  .

Helping You Remember

3. A good way to remember a new theorem is to state it informally in different words. How
could you restate the Triangle Inequality Theorem?

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 267 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5-4 Enrichment

Constructing Triangles
The measurements of the sides of a triangle are given. If a triangle having sides
with these measurements is not possible, then write impossible. If a triangle is
possible, draw it and measure each angle with a protractor.

1. AR
5 cm m
A
2. PI
8 cm m
P

RT
3 cm m
R
IN
3 cm m
I

AT
6 cm m
T
PN
2 cm m
N

A R

3. ON
10 cm m
O
4. TW
6 cm m
T

NE
5.3 cm m
N
WO
7 cm m
W

GE
4.6 cm m
E
TO
2 cm m
O

5. BA
3.l cm m
B
6. AR
4 cm m
A

AT
8 cm m
A
RM
5 cm m
R

BT
5 cm m
T
AM
3 cm m
M

T A R

B
A M

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 268 Glencoe Geometry

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5-5 Study Guide and Intervention

Inequalities Involving Two Triangles
SAS Inequality The following theorem involves the relationship between the sides of
two triangles and an angle in each triangle.

If two sides of a triangle are congruent R A

to two sides of another triangle and the
included angle in one triangle has a
SAS Inequality/Hinge Theorem greater measure than the included angle S 80 T B 60 C
in the other, then the third side of the
S
If R
A

B

, S

T

B
C
, and
first triangle is longer than the third side m
S  m
B, then RT  AC.
of the second triangle.

Example Write an inequality relating the lengths C

D
of C
and A
D
.
Two sides of BCD are congruent to two sides of BAD and B
28
D
m
CBD  m
ABD. By the SAS Inequality/Hinge Theorem, 22
CD  AD.
A

Exercises

Write an inequality relating the given pair of segment measures.

1. M 2. 22 C

R D
21 B 38
19
P N A
MR, RP AD, CD

3. 42 F 4. 20 P
60
10 N 46
J
E G 42 62 10 20 48 25

H K M R

EG, HK MR, PR

Write an inequality to describe the possible values of x.

5. (4x  10) cm 6.
1.8 cm 2.7 cm
120 24 cm
Lesson 5-5

62
115 65
40 cm 24 cm
1.8 cm (3x  2.1) cm

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5-5 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Inequalities Involving Two Triangles

SSS Inequality The converse of the Hinge Theorem is also useful when two triangles
have two pairs of congruent sides.

If two sides of a triangle are congruent to two sides N S

of another triangle and the third side in one triangle
23 36 23 33
is longer than the third side in the other, then the
SSS Inequality
angle between the pair of congruent sides in the M P R T
38 38
first triangle is greater than the corresponding angle
in the second triangle. If NM
SR, MP
RT, and NP  ST, then
m
M  m
R.

Example
Write an inequality relating the measures of C

ABD and
CBD. 13
D
Two sides of ABD are congruent to two sides of CBD, and AD  CD. B
By the SSS Inequality, m
ABD  m
CBD. 16
A

Exercises
Write an inequality relating the given pair of angle measures.

1. M 2. B
13
26 26
R
10
P N A 11 16
C
D
m
MPR, m
NPR m
ABD, m
CBD

3. A X 4. X
50 Y
48 24 28
24
Z 30 Y
W Z
C 30 B 42

m
C, m
Z m
XYW, m
WYZ

Write an inequality to describe the possible values of x.

5. (1–2x  6) 6.
30 36 cm 60 cm
52
30 33
12 (3x  3)
30 cm 60 cm
28

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 270 Glencoe Geometry

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5-5 Skills Practice

Inequalities Involving Two Triangles
Write an inequality relating the given pair of angles B
or segment measures. 6
3
A C
1. m
BXA, m
DXA X
3
8 9
D

2. BC, DC

Write an inequality relating the given pair of angles or segment measures.

3. m
STR, m
TRU 4. PQ, RQ

R 31 Q
S
22 22
U T
30 95 85
P R
7 S 7

A
5. In the figure, B
, B

D

, B

C

, and B

E

are congruent and AC  DE. B
How does m
1 compare with m
3? Explain your thinking.
3
1
2
E
A
D C

6. Write a two-column proof. B

A
Given: B
D
A

1
BC  DC A 2 C
Prove: m
1  m
2
D Lesson 5-5

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 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5-5 Practice
Inequalities Involving Two Triangles
Write an inequality relating the given pair of angles or segment measures.

1. AB, BK 2. ST, SR
B Q
(x  3) (x
3)
30 10 10

40 60
A K R T
M S

3. m
CDF, m
EDF 4. m
R, m
T

D J K
14
E
20 21
14 14
13
R T
S
C F
12

5. Write a two-column proof. E

F
Given: G is the midpoint of D
.
m
1  m
2
Prove: ED  EF 1 2
D F
G

6. TOOLS Rebecca used a spring clamp to hold together a chair

leg she repaired with wood glue. When she opened the clamp,
she noticed that the angle between the handles of the clamp
decreased as the distance between the handles of the clamp
decreased. At the same time, the distance between the
gripping ends of the clamp increased. When she released the
handles, the distance between the gripping end of the clamp
decreased and the distance between the handles increased.
Is the clamp an example of the SAS or SSS Inequality?

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 272 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5-5 Reading to Learn Mathematics

Inequalities Involving Two Triangles
Pre-Activity How does a backhoe work?
Read the introduction to Lesson 5-5 at the top of page 267 in your textbook.
What is the main kind of task that backhoes are used to perform?

Reading the Lesson

1. Refer to the figure. Write a conclusion that you can draw from the given information.
Then name the theorem that justifies your conclusion.
L O

M N Q P

M
a. L
O

P

, M

N

P

Q

, and LN  OQ

M
b. L
O

P

, M

N

P

Q

, and m
P  m
M

c. LM
8, LN
15, OP
8, OQ
15, m
L
22, and m
O
21

2. In the figure, EFG is isosceles with base F
G

and F is the E
midpoint of D
G
. Determine whether each of the following is
a valid conclusion that you can draw based on the given
information. (Write valid or invalid.) If the conclusion is valid, 1 2 3 4
identify the definition, property, postulate, or theorem that D F G
supports it.
a.
3 
4
b. DF
GF
c. DEF is isosceles.
d. m
3  m
1
e. m
2  m
4
f. m
2  m
3
g. DE  EG
h. DE  FG

Helping You Remember

Lesson 5-5

3. A good way to remember something is to think of it in concrete terms. How can you
illustrate the Hinge Theorem with everyday objects?

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 273 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5-5 Enrichment

Drawing a Diagram
It is useful and often necessary to draw a diagram of the situation
being described in a problem. The visualization of the problem is
helpful in the process of problem solving.

Example The roads connecting the towns of Kings,

Chana, and Holcomb form a triangle. Davis Junction is
located in the interior of this triangle. The distances from
Davis Junction to Kings, Chana, and Holcomb are 3 km,
4 km, and 5 km, respectively. Jane begins at Holcomb and
drives directly to Chana, then to Kings, and then back to
Holcomb. At the end of her trip, she figures she has traveled
25 km altogether. Has she figured the distance correctly?
To solve this problem, a diagram can be drawn. Based on Kings
this diagram and the Triangle Inequality Theorem, the
distance from Holcomb to Chana is less than 9 km. Similarly,
3 km
the distance from Chana to Kings is less than 7 km, and the
distance from Kings to Holcomb is less than 8 km. m 5 km
4k Davis
Therefore, Jane must have traveled less than (9  7  8) km Junction

or 24 km versus her calculated distance of 25 km. Chana Holcomb

Explain why each of the following statements is true.

Draw and label a diagram to be used in the explanation.

1. If an altitude is drawn to one side of a triangle, then the

length of the altitude is less than one-half the sum of the
lengths of the other two sides.
B

A D C

2. If point Q is in the interior of ABC and on the angle bisector

of
B, then Q is equidistant from A
B

and C

B
. (Hint: Draw Q

D

and Q
E
such that Q
D
A
B

and Q

E

C
B

.)
A

Q
C B
E

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 274 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

5 Chapter 5 Test, Form 1 SCORE

Write the letter for the correct answer in the blank at the right of each

Assessments
question.

For Questions 1–4, use the figure at the right.

G
1. Name an altitude. A 1.
E

E
A. D

B
B. A
F


C. GB 
D. CF
C D
B
2. Name a perpendicular bisector. 2.

E
A. D
B.

AB
C.

GB D. 
CF

3. Name an angle bisector. 3.

E
A. D



B. A B C.

GB D. 
CF

4. Name a median. 4.

E
A. D

B
B. A
C.

GB D. 
CF

For Questions 5–7, use the figure to determine B

which is a true statement for the given information.
C

C
5. A
is a median. 5.
A D
A. m
ACD
90 B.
BAC 
DAC
C. BC
CD D.
B 
D

C
6. A
is an angle bisector. 6.
A. m
ACD
90 B.
BAC 
DAC C. BC
CD D.
B 
D

C
7. A
is an altitude. 7.
A. m
ACD
90 B.
BAC 
DAC C. BC
CD D.
B 
D

8. Name the longest side of DEF. 108
8.

E
10


E
A. D
B.

EF
62

D F

F
C. D
D. cannot tell

9. Which angle in ABC has the greatest measure? B 9.

A.
A B.
B 5 7

C.
C D. cannot tell A
9
C

10. Given ABC with vertices A(2, 6), B(4, 2), and C(8, 6), find an equation 10.
for the line containing the altitude to AB.
3 5 4 10 3 8 10
A. y
x   B. y
x   C. y
x D. y
x  
4 4 3 3 4 9 9

11. Given ABC with vertices A(2, 6), B(4, 2), and C(8, 6), find an equation 11.

B
for the line containing the median to A
.
3 5 4 10 3 8 10
A. y
x   B. y
x   C. y
x D. y
x  
4 4 3 3 4 9 9

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 275 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

5 Chapter 5 Test, Form 1 (continued)

12. Find the possible values for m
1. 12.

A. 180  m
1  62 B. 90  m
1  62
62
1
C. 0  m
1  62 D. m
1
118

13. Find x. 13.

M
A. 5 B. 7
x3 15
C. 10 D. 15
T V
5
W X
N

14. If D is the circumcenter of ABC and AD
6, find BD. B 14.

A. 4 B. 6
C. 9 D. 12 D
A C

15. Choose the assumption you would make to start an indirect proof of x  3. 15.
A. x  3 B. x  3 C. x  3 D. x
3

16. Choose the assumption you would make to start an indirect proof. 16.
Given: a |⁄| b Prove:
1 and
2 are not supplementary.
A. a || b B.
1 and
2 are supplementary.
C.
1 
2 D.
1 and
2 are complementary.

17. Which can be the lengths of the sides of a triangle? 17.

A. 12, 9, 4 B. 1, 2, 3 C. 5, 5, 10 D. 2

, 5

, 18


18. Find the shortest distance from B to

AC
. B 18.
A. BD B. BC
C. BF D. BE
A C
D E F

For Questions 19 and 20, use the figure. A

C
19. Given: A
D
F
, A

B

D
E
, m
A  m
D B C
19.
Which can be concluded by the SAS Inequality Theorem? D
A. ABC  DEF B. BC
EF
E F
C. BC  EF D. BC  EF

B
20. Given: A
D
E
, B

C

E
F

, AC  DF 20.
Which can be concluded by the SSS Inequality Theorem?
A. m
B  m
E B. m
B  m
E
C. m
B
m
E D. BAC  EDF

Bonus

QS
is a median of PQR with point S on P
R

. B:
If PS
x2  3x and SR
2x  6, find x.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 276 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

5 Chapter 5 Test, Form 2A SCORE

Write the letter for the correct answer in the blank at the right of each

Assessments
question.

For Questions 1–4, use the figure.

H
1. Name an angle bisector. L
K 1.

I

A. K B. 
GL


C. JM
J
D. H
I
J
G
M
2. Name a median. 2.

I

A. K B. 
GL

C. JM
J
D. H

3. Name an altitude. 3.

I

A. K B. 
GL

C. JM
J
D. H

4. Name a perpendicular bisector. 4.

I

A. K B. 
GL

C. JM
J
D. H

For Questions 5–7, use the figure to determine X

which is a true statement for the given information. Y
W

W
5. Y
is an angle bisector. Z
5.
A.
YWZ is a right angle. B.
XYW 
ZYW
C. XW
WZ D. XY
ZY

W
6. Y
is an altitude. 6.
A.
YWZ is a right angle. B.
XYW 
ZYW
C. XW
WZ D. XY
ZY

W
7. Y
is a median. 7.
A.
YWZ is a right angle. B.
XYW 
ZYW
C. XW
WZ D. XY
ZY
8. Name the longest side of ABC. B 8.
74


B
A. A

C
B. B


C
C. A
D. cannot tell A
22
84

C
9. Name the angle with greatest measure in DEF. F 9.
A.
D B.
E 9
7
C.
F D. cannot tell
E D
3

10. Given ABC with vertices A(2, 6), B(4, 2), and C(8, 6), find an equation 10.

C
for the line containing the median to B
.
1 10
A. y
3x  10 B. y
3x C. y
x   D. x
2
3 3
11. Given ABC with vertices A(2, 6), B(4, 2), and C(8, 6), find an equation 11.

C
for the perpendicular bisector of B
.
1 10
A. y
3x  10 B. y
3x C. y
x   D. x
2
3 3

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 277 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

5 Chapter 5 Test, Form 2A (continued)

12. Find the possible values for m
1. 12.

A. 90  m
1  74 B. 180  m
1  74 74
1
C. 0  m
1  74 D. m
1
106

13. Find x. x2 C 13.

A. 9 B. 11 B
x7
C. 27 D. 32 A D

27 F E

14. Which is another name for an indirect proof? 14.

A. proof by deduction B. proof by converse
C. proof by inverse D. proof by contradiction

15. Choose the assumption you would make to start an indirect proof of x  2. 15.
A. x  2 B. x  2 C. x
2 D. x  2

16. Choose the assumption you would make to start an indirect proof. 16.
Given:
1 is an exterior angle of ABC. Prove: m
1
m
B  m
C
A.
1 is not an exterior angle of ABE.
B.
1 is an interior angle of ABC.
C. m
1 m
B  m
C
D. m
1
m
B

17. Which can be the lengths of the sides of a triangle? 17.

A. 6, 6, 12 B. 6, 7, 13 C. 2
, 5

, 15

D. 2.6, 8.1, 10.2

18. Compare QS to RS. T 18.

R
A. QS
RS B. QS  RS
C. QS  RS D. cannot tell
Q S

19. Compare DC to AD. A 19.

A. DC  AD B. DC  AD 10 D
20

C. DC
AD D. cannot tell B 30

10
C

20. Compare m
1 to m
2. 15 20.

A. m
1
m
2 B. m
1  m
2
8 13
C. m
1  m
2 D. cannot tell 1
2
8

Bonus

YW
bisects
XYZ in XYZ. Point W is on X

Z

. B:
If m
XYW
2x  18 and m
ZYW
x2  5x, find x.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 278 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

5 Chapter 5 Test, Form 2B SCORE

Write the letter for the correct answer in the blank at the right of each

Assessments
question.

For Questions 1–4, use the figure. W

R
1. Name a median. S
1.

W
A. R


B. SV Q
P T

T
C. Q
D. 
RU U V

2. Name an angle bisector. 2.

W
A. R


B. SV
T
C. Q
D. 
RU
3. Name a perpendicular bisector. 3.

W
A. R


B. SV
T
C. Q
D. 
RU
4. Name an altitude. 4.

W
A. R

P
B. R

T
C. Q
D. 
RU

For Questions 5–7, use the figure to determine D

which is a true statement for the given information. G

G
5. F
is an altitude. 5.
E F
A.
DGF is a right angle. B. DF
EF
C. DG
GE D.
DFG 
EFG

G
6. F
is a median. 6.
A.
DGF is a right angle. B. DF
EF
C. DG
GE D.
DFG 
EFG

G
7. F
is an angle bisector. 7.
A.
DGF is a right angle. B. DF
EF
C. DG
GE D.
DFG 
EFG
8. Name the longest side of ABC. B 8.

B
A. A

C
B. B
62


C
C. A
D. cannot tell 70
48

A C

9. Name the angle with the greatest measure in GHI. H 9.

9
A.
G B.
H 5
C.
I D. cannot tell I
7
G

10. Given ABC with vertices A(2, 6), B(4, 2), and C(8, 6), find an equation 10.

C
for the perpendicular bisector of A
.
1 5 2 10 1
A. y
x   B. y
x   C. y
x D. y
0
2 2 9 9 2
11. Given ABC with vertices A(2, 6), B(4, 2), and C(8, 6), find an equation 11.

C
for the line containing the altitude to A
.
1 5 2 10 1
A. y
x   B. y
x   C. y
x D. y
0
2 2 9 9 2

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 279 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

5 Chapter 5 Test, Form 2B (continued)

12. Find the possible values for m
1. 12.

A. m
1
124 B. 0  m
1  56 56
1
C. 90  m
1  56 D. 180  m
1  56

13. Find ST. R 13.

A. 12 B. 18 Q S
P
C. 23 D. 24 5 2x  1
U
x6 T

14. Which of the following is the last step in an indirect proof ? 14.
A. show the assumption true B. show the assumption false
C. show the conclusion false D. contradict the conclusion

15. Choose the assumption you would make to start an indirect proof of x  1. 15.
A. x  1 B. x
1 C. x  1 D. x  1

16. Choose the assumption you would make to start this indirect proof. 16.

B
Given: A
bisects
CAD.
Prove:
ACB 
DAB

B
A. A
does not bisect
CAD. B. ACD is isosceles.

B
C. A
is a median. D.
ACB 
DAB

17. Which of the following can be the lengths of the sides of a triangle? 17.
A. 12, 9, 2 B. 11, 12, 23 C. 2, 3, 4 D. 3
, 5

, 18

18. Compare YW to YX. Y 18.

A. YW
YX B. YW  YX Z
C. YW  YX D. cannot tell
X W

19. Compare DG to GF. D 19.

8
A. DG  GF B. DG  GF E 30

C. DG
GF D. cannot tell 8
20

G
F

20. Compare m
1 to m
2. N

10 K 20.
2 1 10
A. m
1
m
2 B. m
1  m
2
11 L
C. m
1  m
2 D. cannot tell 12
M

Bonus

HJ
is an altitude of GHI with point J on G

I
. B:
If m
GJH
5x  30, GH
3x  4, HI
5x  3,
JI
4x  3, and GJ
x  6, find the perimeter of GHI.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 280 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

5 Chapter 5 Test, Form 2C SCORE

1. Name an angle bisector. 1.

Assessments
A
E
G

B D C

2. The perimeter of ABCD is 44. Find x. D 2.

Then describe the relationship between 2x  3

 and B
AC
D

. x1
2x  7 C A
x5
B

3. If point E is the centroid of ABC, B 3.

BD
12, EF
7, and AG
15, find ED. G
F
E
A C
D

4. If XYZ has vertices at X(2, 6), Y(4, 10), and Z(14, 6), find 4.
the coordinates of the centroid of XYZ.

O
5. If P
is an angle bisector of
MON, O 5.
(2x  10)
(x  15)

find x.

N M
P

6. Write a compound inequality for the B 6.

possible measures of
A.
135

A
C

7. List the angles of GHI in order from H

3 in.
7.
least to greatest measure. 1.2 in.
G 2 in.
I

8. List the sides of PQR in order from Q 8.

shortest to longest. 55

80
45

P R

9. Find the shortest segment. Y 9.

60
65

X 65
55
Z
55
60

10. Write the assumption you would make to start an indirect proof 10.
of the statement If 16 is a factor of n, then 4 is a factor of n.
11. Write the assumption you would make to start an indirect 11.

B
proof of the statement If A
is an altitude of equilateral

B
triangle ABC, then A
is a median.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 281 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

5 Chapter 5 Test, Form 2C (continued)

12. Write the assumption you would make to start an indirect 12.
proof for the following. Y
Given: X
Y
 Y
Z



W
Y
bisects
XYZ.
X Z
Prove:
X 
Z W

13. If two sides of a triangle are 10 meters and 23 meters long, then 13.
the third side must have a length between what two measures?
14. Find the shortest distance from P 14.
P to

RQ.

R S T U Q

15. If 
BD bisects
ABC, find x. A
15.
2x  30
D
3x  4
B
C

16. Write an inequality comparing EF H 6 E 16.

and GH. 20

23

G 6 F

17. Write an inequality comparing m
1 12 ft 17.

and m
2. 5 ft
1
2 11 ft
5 ft

For Questions 18–20, complete the proof below by supplying

the missing information for each corresponding location.
Given: ABC, AD
CB, and AC  DB C
Prove: m
ADC  m
DCB
A D B
Statements Reasons
18.
1. AD
CB and AC  DB 1. Given

D
2. A
C

B

2. (Question 18) 19.

D
3. C
C

D

3. (Question 19)
20.
4. m
ADC  m
DCB 4. (Question 20)

Bonus Write an equation in slope-intercept y

B(2a, 2b) B:

C
form for the altitude to B
.

O A(0, 0) C(2c, 0) x

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 282 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

5 Chapter 5 Test, Form 2D SCORE

1. Name a perpendicular bisector. 1.

Assessments
G
L
M J

H K I
N

2. The perimeter of PRQS is 34. Find x. Then 2.

describe the relationship between

R

Q
RS and P
. 10 4x  10
P Q
2x  3 S 7

3. If point N is the centroid of HIJ, I 3.

IM
18, KN
4, and HL
15, find JN. K L
N
H J
M

4. If DEF has vertices at D(4, 12), E(14, 6), and F(6, 2), find 4.
the coordinates of the circumcenter of DEF.

U
5. If R
is an altitude for RST, find x. T (5x  10)
5.

U R

S
6. Write a compound inequality for Z 6.
the possible measures of
X.
127

X
Y

7. List the angles of TUV in order U 7.

3.9 1.8
from least to greatest measure.
T V
5

8. List the sides of FGH in order F 8.

from shortest to longest. 57

82
41

H G

9. Name the longest segment. L 30
70

M 9.
34

80

50
N
96

K

10. Write the assumption you would make to start an indirect 10.
proof of the statement If n is an even number, then n2 is an
even number.
11. Write the assumption you would make to start an indirect 11.

D
proof of the statement If A
is an angle bisector of equilateral

D
triangle ABC, then A
is an altitude.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 283 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

5 Chapter 5 Test, Form 2D (continued)

12. Write the assumption you would make to start an indirect 12.
proof for the following. S

Q
Given: V is not the midpoint of P
;

P 
Q. P Q
V
Prove: S
V
⊥⁄ P

Q


13. If the lengths of two sides of a triangle are 14 feet and 29 feet, 13.
then the third side must have a length between what two
measures?
14. Find the shortest distance from B to

AC. B 14.

A D E F C

 bisects
XYZ, find x.

15. If YW 15.
X
3x  20
W
2x  15
Y
Z

16. Write an inequality comparing m
1 7 16.

and m
2. 7
1 2
10
9

17. Write an inequality comparing BC C 17.

and ED. B 8
30
24

8 D
E

For Questions 18–20, complete the proof below by supplying

the missing information for each corresponding location.

B
Given: K is the midpoint of A
. M
m
MKB  m
MKA
Prove: MB  AM
B K A
Statements Reasons 18.

B
1. K is the midpoint of A
; 1. Given
m
MKB  m
MKA. 19.

K
2. B
K

A

2. (Question 18)

K
3. M
M

K

3. (Question 19) 20.
4. MB  AM 4. (Question 20)

Bonus Write an equation in slope-intercept y D ( b, c) B:

form for the perpendicular bisector

E
of C
.
O C (0, 0) E(a, 0) x

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 284 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

5 Chapter 5 Test, Form 3 SCORE

1. If point G is the centroid of ABC,

Assessments
C 1.
AE
24, DG
5, and CG
14, D E
find DB. G
A B
F

2. If EFG has vertices at E(2, 4), F(10, 6), and G(4, 8), find 2.
the coordinates of the orthocenter of EFG.

L
3. If J
is a median for IJK, find x. J 3.

I K
3x  10 L 2x  42

4. Write a compound inequality for the L 4.

possible measures of
L. 146

M
N

5. List the angles of GHI in order from G 5.

least to greatest measure. 7 8
I H
9.6

6. List the sides of PQR in order from Q 6.

shortest to longest. 80

45
55

P R

7. Name the shortest and the longest X 7.

segments. W 53
64

53

63
72
Y
55

V

8. Write the assumption you would make to begin an indirect 8.

proof of the statement If 2x  6
12, then x
3.

9. Justify the statement below 5y  3

A 9.
algebraically. 7
D 4y  3x B
If

T
BD is the perpendicular bisector 14 xy

C
of A
, then point T lies on

BD . 4y  x
C

10. Write the assumption you would make to begin an indirect 10.
proof of the statement The three angle bisectors of a triangle
are concurrent.

11. Write and solve an inequality to find x. 6 11.

4
(3x  4)

10
(12x  31)

4

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 285 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

5 Chapter 5 Test, Form 3 (continued)

H
12. If F
is a median of EFG, find the F 12.
x  18 9x  6
perimeter of EFG.
E G
2x  23 H 7x  2

13. Write the assumption you would make D 13.

A
to start an indirect proof for the following. C

B
Given: A
D
E
and A

C

C

D


E
Prove:
B 
E B

14. If the lengths of two sides of a triangle are 24 inches and 14.
29 inches, then the third side must have a length between
what two measures?

15. Name the shortest distance from Y to


XZ . Y 15.

X T
Z W

16. Write and solve an inequality to 8 3x  10 16.

84

find x. 6 110
8
6
x  20

For Questions 17–20, complete the proof below by supplying

the missing information for each corresponding location.
Given: XW
YZ, XK  WK, and KZ  KY Y X
Prove: m
XWZ  m
YZW K

Z W
Statements Reasons
17.
1. XW
YZ, XK  WK, 1. Given
and KZ  KY
18.
2. XW  YZ 2. (Question 17)

3. XZ  WY 3. (Question 18) 19.

4. WZ  WZ 4. (Question 19)

5. m
XWZ  m
YZW 5. (Question 20) 20.

Bonus Write an equation in slope-intercept y B:

form for the line containing the E(2c, 2d )
median to D
E
.
O D(0, 0) F(2a, 0) x

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 286 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

5 Chapter 5 Open-Ended Assessment SCORE

Demonstrate your knowledge by giving a clear, concise solution to

Assessments
each problem. Be sure to include all relevant drawings and justify
your answers. You may show your solution in more than one way or
investigate beyond the requirements of the problem.

1. Two sticks are bent and connected with a rubber band as shown in the
diagram. Describe what happens to the rubber band as the ends of the
sticks are pulled farther apart. Name the theorem this situation illustrates.

2. Mary says


FG and JK
 are six inches apart and Ashley says they are four
inches apart. Who is correct? Explain your answer.
D E
F G
6 in. 4 in.
J K
H

3. Suppose B
D  and has a

is drawn on this figure so that point D is on AC
 is 5
length of 6 centimeters. If the shortest distance from B to AC
centimeters, in how many different places on AC could point D be located?
Explain how you know.
B
10 cm

A
C

4. Draw a triangle that satisfies each situation.

a. Two of the sides are altitudes.

b. The altitudes intersect outside the triangle.

c. The altitudes intersect inside the triangle.

d. The altitudes are also the medians of the triangle.

5. ABC is scalene. Explain the difference between an altitude of ABC and

a perpendicular bisector of a side of ABC.

6. What is the difference between the SAS Inequality Theorem and the
theorem that says the greatest angle of a triangle is opposite the longest
side? Draw a figure to illustrate your explanation.

7. Write an algebraic statement, then write the assumption you would make
to start an indirect proof for your statement.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 287 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

5 Chapter 5 Vocabulary Test/Review SCORE

altitude concurrent lines indirect reasoning perpendicular bisector

centroid incenter median point of concurrency
circumcenter indirect proof orthocenter proof by contradiction

Write whether each sentence is true or false. If false, replace

the underlined word or number to make a true sentence.
1. The altitude of a triangle is a segment whose endpoints are a 1.
vertex of a triangle and the midpoint of the side opposite the
vertex.

2. The centroid of a triangle is the point where the altitudes of 2.

the triangle intersect.

3. The point of concurency of the perpendicular bisectors of a 3.

triangle is called the circumcenter.

4. The incenter of a triangle is the intersection of the medians of 4.

the triangle.

5. Indirect reasoning can be used to prove statements in 5.

geometry and prove theorems.

6. The orthocenter of a triangle is the intersection of the angle 6.

bisectors of the triangle.

7. The perpendicular bisector of a triangle is a line, segment, or 7.

ray that passes through the midpoint of a side and is
perpendicular to that side.

8. The point of concurrency is the point where three or more 8.

lines intersect.

9. Every triangle has only 1 altitude. 9.

10. An indirect proof is a proof where you assume that the 10.
conclusion is false and then show that this assumption leads
to a contradiction of the hypothesis, a definition, postulate,
theorem, or some other accepted fact.

In your own words—

11. Write a definition of concurrent lines. 11.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 288 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

5 Chapter 5 Quiz SCORE

(Lessons 5–1 and 5–2)

1. What is the point called where the perpendicular bisectors of 1.

Assessments
the sides of a triangle intersect?

2. True or false? m
4  m
2 2

2.
1 3 4

3. What is the name of the point that is two-thirds of the way from 3.
each vertex of a triangle to the midpoint of the opposite side?

D
4. If C
is the perpendicular bisector of A

B
C 4.
and A
B
is the perpendicular bisector of y1 2x  7

D
C
, find x. A B
2y  3
D

5. Find the shortest segment. Q 5.

61

54
51
R
75

P 63
56
S

NAME DATE PERIOD

5 Chapter 5 Quiz SCORE

(Lesson 5–3)

1. What do you assume in an indirect proof? 1.

For Questions 2 and 3, write the assumption you would

make to start an indirect proof of each statement.

2. If 2x  7
19, then x
6. 2.

3. If ABC is isosceles with base A

C

, then A

B

B

C

. 3.

For Questions 4 and 5, write the assumption you would

make to start an indirect proof.
4. Given: 3x  10  20 4.
Prove: x  10

5. Given:

CD
is not a median of ABC. C 5.

1 
2 12

B
Prove: C
C
A

B A
D

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 289 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

5 Chapter 5 Quiz SCORE

(Lesson 5–4)

1. Write AB, AC, and AD in order from B 1.

least to greatest measure. 75
C

50

A D

2. Determine whether A(2, 3), B(7, 12), C(5, 24) are the 2.
vertices of ABC. Explain your answer.

C
3. Name the shortest distance from A to B
. A
3.
B C
E F D

4. Write an inequality expressing the x 7 4.

possible values for x.
9

5. STANDARDIZED TEST PRACTICE Which of the following 5.

sets of numbers can be the lengths of the sides of a triangle?
A. 5, 5, 10 B. 
39, 
8, 5

C. 2.5, 3.4, 4.6 D. 1, 2, 4

NAME DATE PERIOD

5 Chapter 5 Quiz SCORE

(Lesson 5–5)

1. Write an inequality 2. Write an inequality comparing 1.

comparing m
1 to m
2. AB to DE.
5 C F
9 9 9 2.
72
5 75
5
6 1 2
A B D E

3. Write an inequality about the length 6 F 3.

I

H
of G
. 50

6 60
9 7
H G

For Questions 4 and 5, complete the proof by supplying the

missing information for each corresponding location.
D E
Given: ABC, AB
DE, and BE  AD
C
Prove: m
CAE  m
CEA B A
Statements Reasons

1. AB
DE, BE  AD 1. Given

B
2. A
D
E
2. Def. of  segments 4.
3. (Question 4) 3. Reflexive Prop.
4. m
CAE  m
CEA 4. (Question 5) 5.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 290 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

5 Chapter 5 Mid-Chapter Test SCORE

(Lessons 5–1 through 5–3)

Assessments
Part I Write the letter for the correct answer in the blank at the right of each question.
1. Which of the following can intersect outside a triangle? 1.
A. angle bisectors B. medians
C. altitudes D. sides

2. What is the name of the point of concurrency of the altitudes of a triangle? 2.

A. orthocenter B. circumcenter
C. incenter D. centroid

3. What is the name of the point of concurrency of the medians of a triangle? 3.

A. orthocenter B. circumcenter
C. incenter D. centroid

4. Name the longest segment. B 4.

D
A. B

C
B. B
40

50

A 85


D
C. A

D
D. C

55

66
64

C
D

S
5. P
is the perpendicular bisector of Q

R

and Q
R

is the perpendicular bisector 5.

S
of P
. If PQ
2x  17 and QS
5x  23, find x.
A. 7 B. 5 C. 3 D. 2

Part II
6. Write a compound inequality for the possible 6.
values of x. 50

7. What would you assume to start an indirect proof of the 7.

statement If x  2, then x 2  4?

8. What would you assume to start an indirect proof of the 8.

statement If AB  BC, then m
C  m
A?

9. Write the assumption you would make to start an indirect proof. 9.

Given:

BD
is not a median of ABC. B

1 
2

D
Prove: B
does not bisect
ABC. A C
1 D 2

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 291 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

5 Chapter 5 Cumulative Review SCORE

(Chapters 1–5)

1. Find x and RS, if R is between Q and S, QR
3x  2, 1.

RS
2x  2, and QS
5x. (Lesson 1-2)
2. Find the perimeter of HJK with vertices H(2, 6), J(4, 6), 2.
and K(4, 2). (Lesson 1-6)

For Questions 3 and 4, complete this two-column proof.

(Lesson 2-8)
A
Given:
1 
2
1
Prove: m
ABC
2(m
1) 2
B
Proof: C
Statements Reasons
3.
1.
1 
2 1. Given
2. m
1
m
2 2. Def. of congruent angles
3. (Question 3) 3. (Question 4) 4.
4. m
ABC
m
1  m
1 4. Substitution Property
5. m
ABC
2(m
1) 5. Addition Property
For Questions 5 and 6, graph each line on the same grid. 5. and 6.
(Lesson 3-4)

5. line
perpendicular to y
x  3, and contains (2, 5).

6. line m contains (2, 1) and parallel to the line containing

(4, 1) and (5, 1)

7. Find the distance between the parallel lines whose equations 7.

are y
2x  8 and y
2x  3. (Lesson 3-6)
For Questions 8–10, use the figure B
at the right.
D 27
E
8. Classify CEF. (Lesson 4-1) 103

8.
9. Find m
B. (Lesson 4-2) A C 9.
F
10. Identify the congruent triangles. (Lesson 4-3) 10.
11. Find the coordinates of the orthocenter of HJK if H(2, 0), 11.
J(4, 2), and K(0, 6). (Lesson 5-1)
12. Determine the relationship between P 16 Q
R
12.
m
PMQ and m
PQM. (Lesson 5-2) 50
60

10
17 70

M 13 N
13. Can 52, 53, and 54 be the lengths of the sides of a triangle? 13.
(Lesson 5-4)

14. Find the range for the measure of the third side of a triangle 14.
having two sides measuring 3 inches and 9 inches. (Lesson 5-4)

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 292 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

5 Standardized Test Practice SCORE

(Chapters 1–5)

Part 1: Multiple Choice

Assessments
Instructions: Fill in the appropriate oval for the best answer.

1. If
BXY is a right angle, then which statements are true? (Lesson 1–4) 1. A B C D

I m
BXY
90
II The measure of an angle vertical to
BXY would be 90.
III The measure of an angle supplementary to
BXY would be 90.
A. I only B. I and III C. I, II, and III D. I and II

2. Which is the contrapositive of the conditional statement 2. E F G H

If m
K
45, then x
5? (Lesson 2-3)

E. If m
K 45, then x 5 F. If x 5, then m
K 45
G. If x
5, then m
K
45 H. If m
K 45, then x
5

3. Find m
HJK. (Lesson 3-2) 3. A B C D

H K
A. 33 B. 45 33
45

C. 78 D. 147

4. The line y  5
x  3 satisfies which conditions? (Lesson 3-4) 4. E F G H

E. m
1, contains (5, 3) F. m
1, contains (5, 3)

G. m
1, contains (5, 3) H. m
1, contains (5, 3)

5. Given D(0, 4), E(2, 4), F(2, 1), A(0, 2), and C(2, 1), which 5. A B C D

coordinates for B would make ABC  DEF? (Lesson 4-4)

A. B(2, 2) B. B(0, 1)
C. B(0, 0) D. B(1, 0)

6. In XYZ, which type of line is
? (Lesson 5-1) Y
6. E F G H

E. perpendicular bisector
F. angle bisector X Z

G. altitude
H. median

7. Which assumption would you make to start an indirect proof of 7. A B C D

the statement If 2x  5  17, then x  11? (Lesson 5-3)

A. x  11 B. x  11 C. x  11 D. x 11

8. Which inequality describes the possible 35

8. E F G H

values of x? (Lesson 5-5) 45

E. x  6 F. x  6 35
x5
3x  7
G. x 12 H. 6  x  12

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 293 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

5 Standardized Test Practice (continued)

Part 2: Grid In
Instructions: Enter your answer by writing each digit of the answer in a column box
and then shading in the appropriate oval that corresponds to that entry.

9. A store sells both groceries and clothing. A survey 9. 10.

of 963 customers indicated that 543 customers 4 1 7 2 0 0 5
/ / / /
bought groceries during the month of April. . . . . . . . .

What is x in the Venn Diagram? (Lesson 2-2) 0 0 0 0 0 0

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Purchases in April 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
Clothing Grocery 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
420 126 Items 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
x 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9

10. In 1999, Caitlin had 20,000 subscribers on her 11. 12.

1 7 8
mailing list. In 2000, there were 4000 additional / / / /
. . . . . . . .
subscribers. If Caitlin continues to attract new 0 0 0 0 0 0
subscribers at the same rate, in what year will 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

she have 44,000 subscribers? (Lesson 3-3) 2

3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
11. Name the y-intercept of ( y  2)
3(x  5). 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
(Lesson 3-4) 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9

D
12. If B
is an altitude of ABC, find x. (Lesson 5-2)
13.
B 3 4
(3x  2)
/ /
(2x  17)
. . . .
0 0 0
1 1 1 1
35
2 2 2 2
A C
D E 3 3 3 3
4 4 4 4
5 5 5 5
6 6 6 6
13. The measures of two sides of ABC are 19 and 7 7 7 7
15. The range for measure of the third side, n, 8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9
would be 4  n  ? . (Lesson 5-4)

Part 3: Short Response

Instructions: Show your work or explain in words how you found your answer.

14. Find a counterexample for the statement Five is the only 14.
whole number between 4.5 and 6.1. (Lesson 2-1)

15. What is the length of the side opposite the vertex angle of 15.
isosceles XYZ with vertices at X(3, 4), Y(8, 6), and
Z(3, 4)? (Lesson 4-1)

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 294 Glencoe Geometry

 NAME DATE PERIOD

5 Standardized Test Practice

Student Record Sheet (Use with pages 278–279 of the Student Edition.)

Part 1 Multiple Choice

Select the best answer from the choices given and fill in the corresponding oval.

1 A B C D 4 A B C D 7 A B C D

2 A B C D 5 A B C D 8 A B C D

3 A B C D 6 A B C D

Answers
Part 2 Short Response/Grid In
Solve the problem and write your answer in the blank.
For Question 9, also enter your answer by writing each number or symbol in a
box. Then fill in the corresponding oval for that number or symbol.

9 (grid in) 9

10 / /
. . . .
0 0 0
11 1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3
12 4 4 4 4
5 5 5 5
6 6 6 6
7 7 7 7
8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9

Part 3 Open-Ended
Record your answers for Questions 13–14 on the back of this paper.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill A1 Glencoe Geometry

©
NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5-1 Study Guide and Intervention 5-1 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Bisectors, Medians, and Altitudes Bisectors, Medians, and Altitudes

Perpendicular Bisectors and Angle Bisectors A perpendicular bisector of a Medians and Altitudes A median is a line segment that connects the vertex of a
side of a triangle is a line, segment, or ray that is perpendicular to the side and passes triangle to the midpoint of the opposite side. The three medians of a triangle intersect at the
through its midpoint. Another special segment, ray, or line is an angle bisector, which centroid of the triangle.
divides an angle into two congruent angles.

Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
Centroid The centroid of a triangle is located two thirds of the distance from a B
Two properties of perpendicular bisectors are: centroid
Theorem vertex to the midpoint of the side opposite the vertex on a median.
D E
(1) a point is on the perpendicular bisector of a segment if and only if it is equidistant from
the endpoints of the segment, and L
A C
(2) the three perpendicular bisectors of the sides of a triangle meet at a point, called the F
circumcenter of the triangle, that is equidistant from the three vertices of the triangle. 2 2 2
AL
AE, BL
BF, CL
CD
3 3 3

Two properties of angle bisectors are:

Example
Points R, S, and T are the midpoints B
(1) a point is on the angle bisector of an angle if and only if it is equidistant from the sides
of the angle, and AB
of 苶 BC
苶, 苶苶 and A
苶C
苶, respectively. Find x, y, and z.
24

Lesson 5-1
(2) the three angle bisectors of a triangle meet at a point, called the incenter of the 2 2 2 S
CU
 CR BU
 BT AU
 AS R 15
triangle, that is equidistant from the three sides of the triangle. 3 3 3 U 11
2 2 2 4


6x
 (6x  15) 24
 (24  3y  3) 6z  4
 (6z  4  11) 6z 6x
3 3 3
Example 1 ៮៮៬ Example 2 3 A C
BD is the perpendicular MR
៮៮៬ is the angle bisector 9x
6x  15 36
24  3y  3  (6z  4)
6z  4  11 3y  3 T
2
bisector of A
苶C苶. Find x. of
NMP. Find x if m
1  5x
8 and 3x
15 36
21  3y 9z  6
6z  15
C m
2  8x  16. x
5 15
3y 3z
9
5x  6 N R 5
y z
3
B
Answers

D 3x
8 1
2
A M P

A2
Exercises
BD AC
៮៮៬ is the perpendicular bisector of 苶 苶, so MR
៮៮៬ is the angle bisector of
NMP, so
Find the value of each variable.
AD
DC. m
1
m
2.
1. C x4 2. 10x C x  6; y  5
3x  8
5x  6 5x  8
8x  16 7x  1 F 15
14
2x 24
3x D
6x
3 B D
7
x 8
x 9x
6 3y
E
A B A
B
苶D
苶 is a median. AB
CB; D, E, and F are midpoints.
(Lesson 5-1)

Exercises
3. E 9x  2 x  3; y  5 4. 3y
5 K x  12; y  5; z  2
Find the value of each variable. O
12
24 6z
1. B 2. F 3. E J M
10 N 2x
F F 5y
G
8y 7x
4 H P
D D L
3x  E 8x  EH
FH
HG
A C
6x  2 E 7x  9 6x  10y  4 C D
C (4x
30) 5. B x  2; y  2; z  2 6. T x  6; y  5; z  8
៭៮៬
DE is the perpendicular CDF is equilateral. ៮៮៬
DF bisects
CDE. M y z N
E 8y 24 F
bisector of A
苶C
苶. x  10; y  2 x  7.5 6z x V
9z

6 R S
6x 32 P
x7 A C
G V is the centroid of RST;
D is the centroid of ABC. TP
18; MS
15; RN
24
4. For what kinds of triangle(s) can the perpendicular bisector of a side also be an angle
bisector of the angle opposite the side? isosceles triangle, equilateral triangle
7. For what kind of triangle are the medians and angle bisectors the same segments?
equilateral triangle
5. For what kind of triangle do the perpendicular bisectors intersect in a point outside the
triangle? obtuse triangle 8. For what kind of triangle is the centroid outside the triangle? not possible

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 245 Glencoe Geometry © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 246 Glencoe Geometry

Glencoe Geometry
©
NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5-1 Skills Practice 5-1 Practice (Average)

Bisectors, Medians, and Altitudes Bisectors, Medians, and Altitudes

ALGEBRA For Exercises 1–4, use the given information to find each value. ALGEBRA In ABC, 苶BF AE
苶 is the angle bisector of
ABC, 苶 BF
苶, 苶苶, C
E
1. Find x if E
苶G
苶 is a median of DEF. 2. Find x and RT if S
苶U苶 is a median of RST. CD
and 苶苶 are medians, and P is the centroid.
B F
F T 1. Find x if DP
4x  3 and CP
30. 4.5 P

Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
5x  17 2x
24 D
E U A
G S 2. Find y if AP
y and EP
18. 36
3x
1 5x  30
D R
3. Find z if FP
5z  10 and BP
42. 2.2
x9 x  18; RT  120
BF
4. If m
ABC
x and m
BAC
m
BCA
2x  10, is 苶 苶 an altitude? Explain.
3. Find x and EF if B
苶D
苶 is an angle bisector. 4. Find x and IJ if H
苶K
苶 is an altitude of HIJ.
Yes; since x  40 and 苶
B苶
F is an angle bisector, it follows that m
BAF  70
C I
and m
ABF  20. So m
AFB  90, and B 苶F
苶⊥A 苶C苶.
G

Lesson 5-1
x
8 PT PX
2x
6 ALGEBRA In PRS, 苶 苶 is an altitude and 苶 苶 is a median. P
B
F D
4x  1 (3x
3) K 5. Find RS if RX
x  7 and SX
3x  11.
E
x9 32 S R
X T
A H J
6. Find RT if RT
x  6 and m
PTR
8x  6.
x  3.5; EF  13 x  29; IJ  57 6
Answers

A3
ALGEBRA In DEF, 苶
GI苶 is a perpendicular bisector. E
ALGEBRA For Exercises 5–7, use the following information. Q y
1
M N
LM
In LMN, P, Q, and R are the midpoints of 苶 MN
苶, 苶 苶, and L
苶N苶, x 7. Find x if EH
16 and FH
6x  5.
2.8 G
respectively. 2z B 3.5
3.6 2 R H
5. Find x. 4 P
8. Find y if EG
3.2y  1 and FG
2y  5. D F
I
6. Find y. 0.8
L 5
(Lesson 5-1)

7. Find z. 0.7
9. Find z if m
EGH
12z.
7.5
ALGEBRA Lines a, b, and c are perpendicular bisectors
P
of PQR and meet at A.
18 COORDINATE GEOMETRY The vertices of STU are S(0, 1), T(4, 7), and U(8, 3).
8. Find x. 1 Find the coordinates of the points of concurrency of STU.
5y  6
9. Find y. 6 10. orthocenter 11. centroid 12. circumcenter
7z
4
10. Find z. 2 8x
16 A 24
R Q 冢54, 32冣 冢4, 53冣 冢483, 74冣 or (5.375, 1.75)
b a c

COORDINATE GEOMETRY The vertices of HIJ are G(1, 0), H(6, 0), and I(3, 6). Find 13. MOBILES Nabuko wants to construct a mobile out of flat triangles so that the surfaces
the coordinates of the points of concurrency of HIJ. of the triangles hang parallel to the floor when the mobile is suspended. How can
Nabuko be certain that she hangs the triangles to achieve this effect?
11. orthocenter 12. centroid 13. circumcenter She needs to hang each triangle from its center of gravity or centroid,
10 which is the point at which the three medians of the triangle intersect.
(3, 1) , 2
冢 3 冣 冢72, 52冣
© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 247 Glencoe Geometry © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 248 Glencoe Geometry

Glencoe Geometry
Answers
©
NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5-1 Reading to Learn Mathematics 5-1 Enrichment

Bisectors, Medians, and Altitudes
Pre-Activity How can you balance a paper triangle on a pencil point? Inscribed and Circumscribed Circles
Read the introduction to Lesson 5-1 at the top of page 238 in your textbook. The three angle bisectors of a triangle intersect in a single point called the incenter. This
Draw any triangle and connect each vertex to the midpoint of the opposite point is the center of a circle that just touches the three sides of the triangle. Except for the

Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
side to form the three medians of the triangle. Is the point where the three three points where the circle touches the sides, the circle is inside the triangle. The circle is
medians intersect the midpoint of each of the medians? Sample answer: said to be inscribed in the triangle.
No; the intersection point appears to be more than halfway
1. With a compass and a straightedge, construct the inscribed P
from each vertex to the midpoint of the opposite side.
circle for PQR by following the steps below.
Step 1 Construct the bisectors of
P and
Q. Label the point
Reading the Lesson where the bisectors meet A.
Step 2 Construct a perpendicular segment from A to 苶 RQ
苶. Use
1. Underline the correct word or phrase to complete each sentence. the letter B to label the point where the perpendicular A
a. Three or more lines that intersect at a common point are called segment intersects 苶 RQ苶.
R Q

Lesson 5-1
Step 3 Use a compass to draw the circle with center at A and B
(parallel/perpendicular/concurrent) lines.
radius A苶B
苶.
b. Any point on the perpendicular bisector of a segment is
(parallel to/congruent to/equidistant from) the endpoints of the segment. Construct the inscribed circle in each triangle.
c. A(n) (altitude/angle bisector/median/perpendicular bisector) of a triangle is a 2. 3.
segment drawn from a vertex of the triangle perpendicular to the line containing
the opposite side.
Answers

d. The point of concurrency of the three perpendicular bisectors of a triangle is called the

A4
(orthocenter/circumcenter/centroid/incenter).
e. Any point in the interior of an angle that is equidistant from the sides of that angle
lies on the (median/angle bisector/altitude).
f. The point of concurrency of the three angle bisectors of a triangle is called the The three perpendicular bisectors of the sides of a triangle also meet in a single point. This
(orthocenter/circumcenter/centroid/incenter). point is the center of the circumscribed circle, which passes through each vertex of the
triangle. Except for the three points where the circle touches the triangle, the circle is
outside the triangle. G
2. In the figure, E is the midpoint of A C
(Lesson 5-1)

苶B苶, F is the midpoint of B

苶C
苶,
and G is the midpoint of A苶C
苶. 4. Follow the steps below to construct the circumscribed circle
G F for FGH.
AC
a. Name the altitudes of ABC. 苶 BC
苶, 苶 CD
苶, 苶 苶 H
Step 1 Construct the perpendicular bisectors of F 苶G
苶 and F H.
苶苶 A
AF
b. Name the medians of ABC. 苶 BG
苶, 苶 CE
苶, 苶 苶 A B Use the letter A to label the point where the
E D
c. Name the centroid of ABC. H perpendicular bisectors meet. F H
d. Name the orthocenter of ABC. C Step 2 Draw the circle that has center A and radius A 苶F
苶.
e. If AF
12 and CE
9, find AH and HE. AH  8, HE  3
Construct the circumscribed circle for each triangle.
5. 6.
Helping You Remember
3. A good way to remember something is to explain it to someone else. Suppose that a
classmate is having trouble remembering whether the center of gravity of a triangle is
the orthocenter, the centroid, the incenter, or the circumcenter of the triangle. Suggest a
way to remember which point it is. Sample answer: The terms centroid and
center of gravity mean the same thing and in both terms, the letters
“cent” come at the beginning of the terms.

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NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5-2 Study Guide and Intervention 5-2 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Inequalities and Triangles Inequalities and Triangles

Angle Inequalities Properties of inequalities, including the Transitive, Addition, Angle-Side Relationships When the sides of triangles are A
Subtraction, Multiplication, and Division Properties of Inequality, can be used with not congruent, there is a relationship between the sides and
measures of angles and segments. There is also a Comparison Property of Inequality. angles of the triangles.
B C
For any real numbers a and b, either a  b, a
b, or a  b. • If one side of a triangle is longer than another side, then the

Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
angle opposite the longer side has a greater measure than the If AC  AB, then m
B  m
C.
The Exterior Angle Theorem can be used to prove this inequality involving an exterior angle. angle opposite the shorter side. If m
A  m
C, then BC  AB.
• If one angle of a triangle has a greater measure than another
If an angle is an exterior angle of a B angle, then the side opposite the greater angle is longer than
Exterior Angle triangle, then its measure is greater than the side opposite the lesser angle.
Inequality Theorem the measure of either of its corresponding
1
remote interior angles. A
C D
Example 1 List the angles in order Example 2 List the sides in order
m
1  m
A, m
1  m
B
from least to greatest measure. from shortest to longest.
S C
6 cm 7 cm 35
Example List all angles of EFG whose measures are G
R T 20 125
less than m
1. 4 9 cm A B
The measure of an exterior angle is greater than the measure of 1 2 3
T,
R,
S C
苶B AB
苶, 苶 AC
苶, 苶 苶
E F
either remote interior angle. So m
3  m
1 and m
4  m
1. H

Exercises
List all angles that satisfy the stated condition. L
Answers

3
List the angles or sides in order from least to greatest measure.

Lesson 5-2

A5
1. all angles whose measures are less than m
1
3,
4 1 2 4 5
M J K 1. R 2. 3. B
S
Exercises 1–2
2. all angles whose measures are greater than m
3
1,
5 48 cm 80 3.8 4.3
23.7 cm

U 60 40 A C
3. all angles whose measures are less than m
1
5,
6 T 35 cm S R T 4.0
3 5
7 2 1 4 6

T,
R,
S RS
苶 苶, S
苶T
苶, R
苶T
苶
C,
B,
A
4. all angles whose measures are greater than m
1
7 X T W V
(Lesson 5-2)

Exercises 3–8
Determine the relationship between the measures of the 22 T
5. all angles whose measures are less than m
7
1,
3,
5,
6,
TUV U
given angles.
24 35 24
6. all angles whose measures are greater than m
2
4 4.
R,
RUS m
R  m
RUS 21.6
R S
13 V 25
5.
T,
UST m
T  m
UST
7. all angles whose measures are greater than m
5
1,
7,
TUV
6.
UVS,
R m
UVS  m
R
8. all angles whose measures are less than m
4
2,
3

9. all angles whose measures are less than m
1 Determine the relationship between the lengths of the C
S

4,
5,
7,
NPR N
given sides. 30
8 30
7
10. all angles whose measures are greater than m
4 7. A
苶C BC
苶, 苶 苶 AC  BC

1,
8,
OPN,
ROQ Q 30 90
2 6 5 A B
1 3 4 8. B
苶C DB
苶, 苶苶 BC  DB D
P
R O
Exercises 9–10 9. A
苶C DB
苶, 苶苶 AC  DB

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Answers
©
NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5-2 Skills Practice 5-2 Practice (Average)

Inequalities and Triangles Inequalities and Triangles

Determine which angle has the greatest measure. Determine which angle has the greatest measure.
3 10
5
1.
1,
3,
4 2.
4,
5,
7 1.
1,
3,
4 2.
4,
8,
9 8 9
3 7
1 2 4 6 7 8 6

1
4
1
4 4
5

Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
2
3.
2,
3,
6 4.
5,
6,
8 3.
2,
3,
7 4.
7,
8,
10 1

6
8
7
10

Use the Exterior Angle Inequality Theorem to list

all angles that satisfy the stated condition. 1
Use the Exterior Angle Inequality Theorem to list all 2
3
angles that satisfy the stated condition. 2 4 7
5. all angles whose measures are less than m
1 5 6
4
7 8
5. all angles whose measures are less than m
1 1 3 5 6 8 9
3,
4,
5,
7,
8 9

2,
3,
4,
5,
7,
8
6. all angles whose measures are less than m
3
6. all angles whose measures are less than m
9
5,
7,
8

2,
4,
6,
7 7. all angles whose measures are greater than m
7
7. all angles whose measures are greater than m
5
1,
3,
5,
9

1,
3 8. all angles whose measures are greater than m
2
Answers

Lesson 5-2

6,
9

A6
8. all angles whose measures are greater than m
8

1,
3,
5 Determine the relationship between the measures R
of the given angles. 44
47 35 S
34 22
Determine the relationship between the measures of 9. m
QRW, m
RWQ 10. m
RTW, m
TWR
B 34 T
23 C Q 14
the given angles. m
QRW 
RWQ m
RTW 
TWR 45 W
A
35
41
9. m
ABD, m
BAD 10. m
ADB, m
BAD 11. m
RST, m
TRS 12. m
WQR, m
QRW
(Lesson 5-2)

39
m
ABD  m
BAD m
ADB  m
BAD D m
RST 
TRS m
WQR 
QRW
11. m
BCD, m
CDB 12. m
CBD, m
CDB Determine the relationship between the lengths E
D F
m
BCD  m
CDB m
CBD  m
CDB of the given sides. 48 113

DH
13. 苶 GH
苶, 苶苶 14. D
苶E DG
苶, 苶苶
DH  GH DE  DG 120
Determine the relationship between the lengths of the M H 32 17

given sides. 83 57 G

79 N EG
15. 苶 FG
苶, 苶苶 16. D
苶E EG
苶, 苶 苶
L 38
LM
13. 苶 LP
苶, 苶苶 14. M
苶P MN
苶, 苶 苶 44 EG  FG DE  EG
59
LM  LP MP  MN P 17. SPORTS The figure shows the position of three trees on one
MN
15. 苶 NP
苶, 苶 苶 16. M
苶P LP
苶, 苶苶 part of a Frisbee™ course. At which tree position is the angle 2
between the trees the greatest? 2
MN  NP MP  LP 40 ft 37.5 ft

3 1
53 ft

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NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5-2 Reading to Learn Mathematics 5-2 Enrichment

Inequalities and Triangles
Pre-Activity How can you tell which corner is bigger? Construction Problem
Read the introduction to Lesson 5-2 at the top of page 247 in your textbook. The diagram below shows segment AB adjacent to a closed region. The
• Which side of the patio is opposite the largest corner? the 51-foot side problem requires that you construct another segment XY to the right of the

Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
closed region such that points A, B, X, and Y are collinear. You are not allowed
• Which side of the patio is opposite the smallest corner? the 45-foot side to touch or cross the closed region with your compass or straightedge.

Reading the Lesson

1. Name the property of inequality that is illustrated by each of the following. Q
a. If x  8 and 8  y, then x  y. Transitive Property
D
b. If x  y, then x  7.5  y  7.5. Subtraction Property n R E S
m
c. If x  y, then 3x  3y. Multiplication Property
P k
d. If x is any real number, x  0, x
0, or x  0. Comparison Property

2. Use the definition of inequality to write an equation that shows that each inequality is true.
C Closed Region T
a. 20  12 20  12
8 b. 101  99 101  99
2
A (Lake) X
Existing B
c. 8  2 8  2
10 d. 7  7 7  7
14 Road Y 艎
e. 11  12 11  12
1 f. 30  45 30  45
15 V
Answers

3. In the figure, m
IJK
45 and m
H  m
I. I

Lesson 5-2
a. Arrange the following angles in order from largest to

A7
smallest:
I,
IJK,
H,
IJH
IJH,
IJK,
H,
I H
J K
b. Arrange the sides of HIJ in order from shortest to longest. Follow these instructions to construct a segment XY so that it is
H
苶J
苶, I苶J
苶, H
苶I苶 collinear with segment AB.
c. Is HIJ an acute, right, or obtuse triangle? Explain your reasoning. 1. Construct the perpendicular bisector of A
苶B苶. Label the midpoint as point C,
Obtuse; sample answer:
IJH is obtuse because and the line as m.
m
IJH  180  m
IJK  135. Therefore, HIJ is obtuse because it
(Lesson 5-2)

has an obtuse angle. 2. Mark two points P and Q on line m that lie well above the closed region.
d. Is HIJ scalene, isosceles, or equilateral? Explain your reasoning. PQ
Construct the perpendicular bisector n of 苶 苶. Label the intersection of
Scalene; sample answer: the three angles of HIJ all have different lines m and n as point D.
measures, so the sides opposite them must have different lengths.
3. Mark points R and S on line n that lie well to the right of the closed
Helping You Remember RS
region. Construct the perpendicular bisector k of 苶 苶. Label the
intersection of lines n and k as point E.
4. A good way to remember a new geometric theorem is to relate it to a theorem you
learned earlier. Explain how the Exterior Angle Inequality Theorem is related to the
4. Mark point X on line 苶X
k so that X is below line n and so that E 苶 is
Exterior Angle Theorem, and why the Exterior Angle Inequality Theorem must be true if
congruent to D
苶C苶.
the Exterior Angle Theorem is true.
Sample answer: The Exterior Angle Theorem says that the measure of an
exterior angle of a triangle is equal to the sum of the measures of the 5. Mark points T and V on line k and on opposite sides of X, so that X T and
苶苶
two remote interior angles, while the Exterior Angle Inequality Theorem X
苶V TV
苶 are congruent. Construct the perpendicular bisector 艎 of 苶 苶. Call the
says that the measure of an exterior angle is greater than the measure of point where the line 艎 hits the boundary of the closed region point Y. X
苶Y苶
either remote interior angle. If a number is equal to the sum of two corresponds to the new road.
positive numbers, it must be greater than each of those two numbers.

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Answers
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5-3 Study Guide and Intervention 5-3 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Indirect Proof Indirect Proof

Indirect Proof with Algebra One way to prove that a statement is true is to assume Indirect Proof with Geometry To write an indirect proof in geometry, you assume
that its conclusion is false and then show that this assumption leads to a contradiction of that the conclusion is false. Then you show that the assumption leads to a contradiction.
the hypothesis, a definition, postulate, theorem, or other statement that is accepted as true. The contradiction shows that the conclusion cannot be false, so it must be true.
That contradiction means that the conclusion cannot be false, so the conclusion must be

Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
true. This is known as indirect proof.
Example Given: m
C  100 A B
Steps for Writing an Indirect Proof Prove:
A is not a right angle.
1. Assume that the conclusion is false. Step 1 Assume that
A is a right angle. C
2. Show that this assumption leads to a contradiction.
3. Point out that the assumption must be false, and therefore, the conclusion must be true. Step 2 Show that this leads to a contradiction. If
A is a right angle,
then m
A
90 and m
C  m
A
100  90
190. Thus the
sum of the measures of the angles of ABC is greater than 180.
ExampleGiven: 3x
5  8 Step 3 The conclusion that the sum of the measures of the angles of
x 3x  5
Prove: x  1 ABC is greater than 180 is a contradiction of a known property.
1 8 The assumption that
A is a right angle must be false, which
Step 1 Assume that x is not greater than 1. That is, x
1 or x  1.
0 5
means that the statement “
A is not a right angle” must be true.
Step 2 Make a table for several possibilities for x
1 or x  1. The
contradiction is that when x
1 or x  1, then 3x  5 is not 1 2
greater than 8. Exercises
2 1
Step 3 This contradicts the given information that 3x  5  8. The
assumption that x is not greater than 1 must be false, which 3 4
Write the assumption you would make to start an indirect proof of each
means that the statement “x  1” must be true. statement.
Answers

1. If m
A
90, then m
B
45.

A8
Exercises
m
B 45
Write the assumption you would make to start an indirect proof of each statement.
AV
2. If 苶 VE
苶 is not congruent to 苶 苶, then AVE is not isosceles.
1. If 2x  14, then x  7. x7
AVE is isosceles.
2. For all real numbers, if a  b  c, then a  c  b. acb
Complete the proof. D G

Lesson 5-3
(Lesson 5-3)

1
Complete the proof. Given:
1 ⬵
2 and 苶 DG FG
苶 is not congruent to 苶苶. 2
E
Given: n is an integer and n2 is even. DE
Prove: 苶 FE
苶 is not congruent to 苶苶. F
Prove: n is even.
苶E
3. Assume that D 苶E
苶⬵F苶. Assume the conclusion is false.
3. Assume that n is not even. That is, assume n is odd.
4. Then n can be expressed as 2a  1 by the meaning of odd number. 4. E
苶G EG
苶⬵苶 苶 Reflexive Property
2
5. n2
(2a
1) Substitution SAS
5. EDG ⬵ EFG
6.
(2a
1)(2a
1) Multiply.
2 苶G
6. D FG
苶⬵苶 苶 CPCTC
7.
4a
4a
1 Simplify.
8.
2(2a2  2a)  1 Distributive Property
7. This contradicts the given information, so the assumption must
9. 2(2a2  2a) 1 is an odd number. This contradicts the given that n2 is even,
be false.
so the assumption must be false.
DE
8. Therefore, 苶 FE
苶 is not congruent to 苶 苶.
10. Therefore, n is even.

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©
NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5-3 Skills Practice 5-3 Practice (Average)

Indirect Proof Indirect Proof

Write the assumption you would make to start an indirect proof of each statement. Write the assumption you would make to start an indirect proof of each statement.
1. m
ABC  m
CBA 1. B
苶D
苶 bisects
ABC.
m
ABC m
CBA B
苶D
苶 does not bisect
ABC.

Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
2. DEF ⬵ RST 2. RT
TS
DEF ⬵ RST RT TS
3. Line a is perpendicular to line b.
PROOF Write an indirect proof.
Line a is not perpendicular to line b .
3. Given: 4x  2  10
4.
5 is supplementary to
6. Prove: x  3

5 is not supplementary to
6. Proof:
Step 1: Assume x  3.
PROOF Write an indirect proof. Step 2: If x  3, then 4x 12. But 4x 12 implies that
4x
2 10, which contradicts the given inequality.
5. Given: x2  8  12
Step 3: Since the assumption that x  3 leads to a contradiction,
Prove: x  2 it must be true that x  3.
Proof:
Answers

Step 1: Assume x  2.

A9
Step 2: If x  2, then x 2  4. But if x 2  4, it follows that x 2
8  12.
This contradicts the given fact that x 2
8  12. 4. Given: m
2  m
3  180 a
1
Step 3: Since the assumption of x  2 leads to a contradiction, it must Prove: a |⁄| b 2
Proof: 3 b
be false. Therefore, x  2 must be true.
Step 1: Assume a || b .
Step 2: If a || b , then the consecutive interior angles
2 and
3 are
Lesson 5-3 supplementary. Thus m
2
m
3  180. This contradicts the
(Lesson 5-3)

given statement that m
2
m
3 180.

6. Given:
D ⬵
F. E Step 3: Since the assumption leads to a contradiction, the statement
Prove: DE  EF a || b must be false. Therefore, a ||⁄ b must be true.
Proof: D F
Step 1: Assume DE  EF.
Step 2: If DE  EF, then 苶D苶
E⬵苶 F by the definition of congruent segments.
E苶 5. PHYSICS Sound travels through air at about 344 meters per second when the
But if D
苶E
苶⬵E 苶F
苶, then
D ⬵
F by the Isosceles Triangle Theorem. temperature is 20°C. If Enrique lives 2 kilometers from the fire station and it takes
5 seconds for the sound of the fire station siren to reach him, how can you prove
This contradicts the given information that
D ⬵
F.
indirectly that it is not 20°C when Enrique hears the siren?
Step 3: Since the assumption that DE  EF leads to a contradiction, it Assume that it is 20°C when Enrique hears the siren, then show that at
must be false. Therefore, it must be true that DE EF. this temperature it will take more than 5 seconds for the sound of the
siren to reach him. Since the assumption is false, you will have proved
that it is not 20°C when Enrique hears the siren.

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Glencoe Geometry
Answers
©
NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5-3 Reading to Learn Mathematics 5-3 Enrichment

Indirect Proof
Pre-Activity How is indirect proof used in literature? More Counterexamples
Read the introduction to Lesson 5-3 at the top of page 255 in your textbook. Some statements in mathematics can be proven false by counterexamples.
How could the author of a murder mystery use indirect reasoning to show Consider the following statement.

Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
that a particular suspect is not guilty? Sample answer: Assume that For any numbers a and b, a  b
b  a.
the person is guilty. Then show that this assumption contradicts
You can prove that this statement is false in general if you can find one
evidence that has been gathered about the crime.
example for which the statement is false.
Reading the Lesson Let a
7 and b
3. Substitute these values in the equation above.
1. Supply the missing words to complete the list of steps involved in writing an indirect proof. 7337
Step 1 Assume that the conclusion is false . 4  4

Step 2 Show that this assumption leads to a contradiction of the In general, for any numbers a and b, the statement a  b
b  a is false.
You can make the equivalent verbal statement: subtraction is not a
hypothesis or some other fact, such as a definition, postulate, commutative operation.
theorem , or corollary.
Step 3 Point out that the assumption must be false and, therefore, the In each of the following exercises a, b, and c are any numbers. Prove that
conclusion must be true . the statement is false by counterexample. Sample answers are given.

2. State the assumption that you would make to start an indirect proof of each statement. 1. a  (b  c)  (a  b)  c 2. a (b c)  (a b) c
x 6 (4 2
Answers

a. If 6x  30, then x  5. 5 6  (4  2)  (6  4)  2 2)  (6 4)

b. If n is a multiple of 6, then n is a multiple of 3.n is not a multiple of 3. 6222 1.5
6  

A10
4 0 2 2
c. If a and b are both odd, then ab is odd. ab is even. ab is greater 3 0.75
d. If a is positive and b is negative, then ab is negative. than or equal to 0.
3. a bb a 4. a (b  c)  (a b)  (a c)
e. If F is between E and D, then EF  FD
ED. EF
FD ED
f. In a plane, if two lines are perpendicular to the same line, then they are parallel.
6 44 6 6 (4
2)  (6 4)
(6 2)
Two lines are not parallel. 
3 2 6 6  1.5
3
2 3 1 4.5
g. Refer to the figure. h. Refer to the figure.

Lesson 5-3
(Lesson 5-3)

B Q R
5. a  (bc)  (a  b)(a  c) 6. a2  a2  a4

P 6
(4 2)  (6
4)(6
2) 62
62  64
A C 6
8  (10)(8) 36
36  1296
If AB
AC, then m
B
m
C. In PQR, PR  QR  QP. 14 80 72 1296
m
B m
C PR
QR  QP
7. Write the verbal equivalents for Exercises 1, 2, and 3.
Helping You Remember 1. Subtraction is not an associative operation.
3. A good way to remember a new concept in mathematics is to relate it to something you have 2. Division is not an associative operation.
already learned. How is the process of indirect proof related to the relationship between a 3. Division is not a commutative operation.
conditional statement and its contrapositive? Sample answer: The contrapositive
of the conditional statement p → q is the statement ⬃q → ⬃p. In an 8. For the Distributive Property a(b  c)
ab  ac it is said that multiplication
indirect proof of a conditional statement p → q, you assume that q is distributes over addition. Exercises 4 and 5 prove that some operations do not
false and show that this implies that p is false, that is, you show that distribute. Write a statement for each exercise that indicates this.
⬃q → ⬃p is true. Because a statement is logically equivalent to its 4. Division does not distribute over addition.
contrapositive, proving the contrapositive is true is a way of proving the 5. Addition does not distribute over multiplication.
original conditional is true.

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©
NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5-4 Study Guide and Intervention 5-4 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

The Triangle Inequality The Triangle Inequality

The Triangle Inequality If you take three straws of lengths 8 inches, 5 inches, and Distance Between a Point and a Line
1 inch and try to make a triangle with them, you will find that it is not possible. This
illustrates the Triangle Inequality Theorem. The perpendicular segment from a point to The perpendicular segment from a point to
a line is the shortest segment from the a plane is the shortest segment from the
point to the line. point to the plane.

Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
Triangle Inequality The sum of the lengths of any two sides of a A
Theorem triangle is greater than the length of the third side. c
P Q
b
N
C a B
T
A C B
P
苶C ៭៮៬.
苶 is the shortest segment from P to AB Q
苶T
苶 is the shortest segment from Q to plane N .
Example The measures of two sides of a triangle are 5 and 8. Find a range
for the length of the third side.
Example Given: Point P is equidistant from the sides
By the Triangle Inequality, all three of the following inequalities must be true.
of an angle. B
5x8 8x5 58x R P
x3 x  3 13  x Prove: B
苶A
苶⬵C 苶A
苶
Proof: A
Therefore x must be between 3 and 13. S C
1. Draw 苶 BP
苶 and C
苶P苶 ⊥ to 1. Dist. is measured
the sides of
RAS. along a ⊥.
2.
PBA and
PCA are right angles. 2. Def. of ⊥ lines
Exercises
3. ABP and ACP are right triangles. 3. Def. of rt. 
Determine whether the given measures can be the lengths of the sides of a 4.
PBA ⬵
PCA 4. Rt. angles are ⬵.
triangle. Write yes or no.
Answers

5. P is equidistant from the sides of
RAS. 5. Given

1. 3, 4, 6 yes 2. 6, 9, 15 no BP
6. 苶 苶⬵苶 CP苶 6. Def. of equidistant

A11
7. A
苶P苶⬵苶 AP苶 7. Reflexive Property
3. 8, 8, 8 yes 4. 2, 4, 5 yes 8. ABP ⬵ ACP 8. HL
BA
9. 苶 苶⬵苶 CA
苶 9. CPCTC
5. 4, 8, 16 no 6. 1.5, 2.5, 3 yes
Exercises
Find the range for the measure of the third side given the measures of two sides.
Complete the proof. A R
(Lesson 5-4)

7. 1 and 6 8. 12 and 18 Given: ABC ⬵ RST;
D ⬵
U

D B U S
5n7 6  n  30 AD
Prove: 苶 RU
苶⬵苶 苶 C T
Proof:
9. 1.5 and 5.5 10. 82 and 8
1. ABC ⬵ RST;
D ⬵
U 1. Given
4n7 74  n  90
2. A
苶C RT
苶⬵苶 苶 2. CPCTC
11. Suppose you have three different positive numbers arranged in order from least to 3.
ACB ⬵
RTS 3. CPCTC
Lesson 5-4

greatest. What single comparison will let you see if the numbers can be the lengths of
the sides of a triangle? 4.
ACB and
ACD are a linear pair; 4. Def. of linear pair

RTS and
RTU are a linear pair.
Find the sum of the two smaller numbers. If that sum is greater than the
5.
ACB and
ACD are supplementary; 5. Linear pairs are suppl.
largest number, then the three numbers can be the lengths of the sides

RTS and
RTU are supplementary.
of a triangle.
6.
ACD ⬵
RTU 6. Angles suppl. to ⬵ angles are ⬵.
7. ADC ⬵ RUT 7. AAS
8. A
苶D RU
苶⬵苶 苶 8. CPCTC

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 263 Glencoe Geometry © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 264 Glencoe Geometry

Glencoe Geometry
Answers
©
NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5-4 Skills Practice 5-4 Practice (Average)

The Triangle Inequality The Triangle Inequality

Determine whether the given measures can be the lengths of the sides of a Determine whether the given measures can be the lengths of the sides of a
triangle. Write yes or no. triangle. Write yes or no.
1. 2, 3, 4 yes 2. 5, 7, 9 yes 1. 9, 12, 18 yes 2. 8, 9, 17 no

Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
3. 4, 8, 11 yes 4. 13, 13, 26 no 3. 14, 14, 19 yes 4. 23, 26, 50 no

5. 9, 10, 20 no 6. 15, 17, 19 yes 5. 32, 41, 63 yes 6. 2.7, 3.1, 4.3 yes

7. 14, 17, 31 no 8. 6, 7, 12 yes 7. 0.7, 1.4, 2.1 no 8. 12.3, 13.9, 25.2 yes

Find the range for the measure of the third side of a triangle given the measures
Find the range for the measure of the third side of a triangle given the measures of two sides.
of two sides.
9. 6 and 19 10. 7 and 29
9. 5 and 9 10. 7 and 14 13  n  25 22  n  36
4  n  14 7  n  21
11. 13 and 27 12. 18 and 23
11. 8 and 13 12. 10 and 12 14  n  40 5  n  41
5  n  21 2  n  22
13. 25 and 38 14. 31 and 39
Answers

13. 12 and 15 14. 15 and 27 13  n  63 8  n  70

A12
3  n  27 12  n  42
15. 42 and 6 16. 54 and 7
15. 17 and 28 16. 18 and 22 36  n  48 47  n  61
11  n  45 4  n  40
ALGEBRA Determine whether the given coordinates are the vertices of a triangle.
Explain.
ALGEBRA Determine whether the given coordinates are the vertices of a triangle.
(Lesson 5-4)

17. R(1, 3), S(4, 0), T(10, 6) 18. W(2, 6), X(1, 6), Y(4, 2)
Explain.
No; RS  3兹2 苶, ST  6兹2
苶, and Yes; WX  1, XY  5, and
17. A(3, 5), B(4, 7), C(7, 6) 18. S(6, 5), T(8, 3), U(12, 1)
RT  9兹2苶, so RS
ST  RT. WY  2兹5苶, so WX
XY  WY,
Yes; AB  兹5
苶, BC  兹10
苶, and No; ST  2兹2苶, TU  4兹2
苶, and WX
WY  XY, and
AC  兹17
苶, so AB
BC  AC, SU  6兹2苶, so ST
TU  SU. WY
XY  WX.
AB
AC  BC, and
19. P(3, 2), L(1, 1), M(9, 1) 20. B(1, 1), C(6, 5), D(4, 1)
Lesson 5-4

AC
BC  AB.
No; PL  兹17
苶, LM  2 兹17
苶, and Yes; BC  兹41
苶, CD  2兹10
苶, and
PM  3 兹17
苶, so PL
LM  PM. BD  兹13
苶, so BC
CD  BD,
19. H(8, 4), I(4, 2), J(4, 2) 20. D(1, 5), E(3, 0), F(1, 0)
BC
BD  CD, and BD
CD  BC.
No; HI  2兹5 苶, IJ  4兹5苶, and Yes; DE  兹41
苶, EF  2, and
HJ  6兹5 苶, so HI
IJ  HJ. DF  兹29
苶, so DE
EF  DF,
21. GARDENING Ha Poong has 4 lengths of wood from which he plans to make a border for a
DE
DF  EF, and DF
EF  DE. triangular-shaped herb garden. The lengths of the wood borders are 8 inches, 10 inches,
12 inches, and 18 inches. How many different triangular borders can Ha Poong make? 3

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 265 Glencoe Geometry © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 266 Glencoe Geometry

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©
NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5-4 Reading to Learn Mathematics 5-4 Enrichment

The Triangle Inequality
Pre-Activity How can you use the Triangle Inequality Theorem when traveling?
Read the introduction to Lesson 5-4 at the top of page 261 in your textbook.
In addition to the greater distance involved in flying from Chicago to
Constructing Triangles
The measurements of the sides of a triangle are given. If a triangle having sides
with these measurements is not possible, then write impossible. If a triangle is

Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
Columbus through Indianapolis rather than flying nonstop, what are two possible, draw it and measure each angle with a protractor.
other reasons that it would take longer to get to Columbus if you take two
flights rather than one? Sample answer: time needed for an extra 1. AR
5 cm m
A
30 2. PI
8 cm m
P

takeoff and landing; layover time in Indianapolis between the
two flights RT
3 cm m
R
90 IN
3 cm m
I

AT
6 cm m
T
60 PN
2 cm m
N

Reading the Lesson
A R impossible
1. Refer to the figure.
D

E
F G
Which statements are true? C, D, F T

A. DE  EF  FD B. DE
EF  FD
3. ON
10 cm m
O
4. TW
6 cm m
T
115
C. EG
EF  FG D. ED  DG  EG
Answers

E. The shortest distance from D to ៭៮៬

EG is DF. NE
5.3 cm m
N
WO
7 cm m
W
15

A13
F. The shortest distance from D to ៭៮៬
EG is DG. GE
4.6 cm m
E
TO
2 cm m
O
50

2. Complete each sentence about XYZ. impossible W

Y
T

X Z
(Lesson 5-4)

a. If XY
8 and YZ
11, then the range of values for XZ is 3  XZ  19 .

O
b. If XY
13 and XZ
25, then YZ must be between 12 and 38 .
c. If XYZ is isosceles with
Z as the vertex angle, and XZ
8.5, then the range of 5. BA
3.l cm m
B
163 6. AR
4 cm m
A
90

values for XY is 0  XY  17 . AT
8 cm m
A
11 RM
5 cm m
R
37

d. If XZ
a and YZ
b, with b  a, then the range for XY is a  b  XY  a
b . BT
5 cm m
T
6 AM
3 cm m
M
53

Lesson 5-4

T A R
Helping You Remember
3. A good way to remember a new theorem is to state it informally in different words. How
could you restate the Triangle Inequality Theorem?
Sample answer: The side that connects one vertex of a triangle to
B
another is a shorter path between the two vertices than the path that A M
goes through the third vertex.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 267 Glencoe Geometry © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 268 Glencoe Geometry

Glencoe Geometry
Answers
©
NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5-5 Study Guide and Intervention 5-5 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Inequalities Involving Two Triangles Inequalities Involving Two Triangles

SAS Inequality The following theorem involves the relationship between the sides of SSS Inequality The converse of the Hinge Theorem is also useful when two triangles
two triangles and an angle in each triangle. have two pairs of congruent sides.

If two sides of a triangle are congruent R If two sides of a triangle are congruent to two sides N S
A

Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
to two sides of another triangle and the of another triangle and the third side in one triangle
23 36 23 33
included angle in one triangle has a is longer than the third side in the other, then the
SSS Inequality
SAS Inequality/Hinge Theorem greater measure than the included angle S 80 T B 60 C angle between the pair of congruent sides in the M P R T
38 38
in the other, then the third side of the RS
If 苶 AB
苶⬵苶 ST
苶, 苶苶⬵苶BC苶, and first triangle is greater than the corresponding angle
first triangle is longer than the third side m
S  m
B, then RT  AC. in the second triangle. If NM
SR, MP
RT, and NP  ST, then
of the second triangle. m
M  m
R.

Example Write an inequality relating the lengths

Example Write an inequality relating the measures of C
C

ABD and
CBD. 13
of C
苶D
苶 and 苶AD苶.
B D
Two sides of BCD are congruent to two sides of BAD and 28
Two sides of ABD are congruent to two sides of CBD, and AD  CD.
B D 16
m
CBD  m
ABD. By the SAS Inequality/Hinge Theorem, 22 By the SSS Inequality, m
ABD  m
CBD.
A
CD  AD.
A

Exercises Exercises
Write an inequality relating the given pair of angle measures.
Write an inequality relating the given pair of segment measures.
Answers

1. M 2. B
1. M 2. C
22

A14
13
R D 26 26
21 B 38 R
19 10
P N A A 11 C
P N D 16
MR, RP AD, CD m
MPR, m
NPR m
ABD, m
CBD
MR  RP AD  CD m
MPR  m
NPR m
ABD  m
CBD
(Lesson 5-5)

3. 42 F 4. 20 P 3. A X 4. X
60 N 46 50
10 Y
J 48 24 28
E G 42 20 48 25 24
62 10
Z 30 Y
H K M R W Z
C 30 B 42

EG, HK MR, PR m
C, m
Z m
XYW, m
WYZ

EG  HK MR  PR m
C  m
Z m
XYW  m
WYZ

Write an inequality to describe the possible values of x.

Write an inequality to describe the possible values of x.
5. (4x  10) cm 6.
1.8 cm 2.7 cm 5. 6.
120 24 cm
(1–2x  6) 60 cm
62 30 36 cm
115 65 52
40 cm 24 cm 30 33
1.8 cm (3x  2.1) cm 12 (3x  3)
30 cm 60 cm
28
x  12.5 x  1.6
Lesson 5-5

12  x  116 1  x  12

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 269 Glencoe Geometry © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 270 Glencoe Geometry

Glencoe Geometry
©
NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5-5 Skills Practice 5-5 Practice (Average)

Inequalities Involving Two Triangles Inequalities Involving Two Triangles

Write an inequality relating the given pair of angles B Write an inequality relating the given pair of angles or segment measures.
or segment measures. 6
3
1. AB, BK 2. ST, SR
A C
1. m
BXA, m
DXA X Q
3 B
8 9

Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
(x  3) (x
3)
m
BXA  m
DXA D
30 10 10
2. BC, DC 40 60
A K R T
BC  DC M S
AB  BK ST  SR
Write an inequality relating the given pair of angles or segment measures.
3. m
CDF, m
EDF 4. m
R, m
T
3. m
STR, m
TRU 4. PQ, RQ D J K
14
31 Q E
R S 20 21
22 14 14
22 13
U T R T
30 95 85 S
P R C F
7 S 7 12

m
STR  m
TRU PQ  RQ m
CDF  m
EDF m
R  m
T

5. In the figure, B
苶A BD
苶, 苶 BC
苶, 苶 苶, and B
苶E
苶 are congruent and AC  DE. B 5. Write a two-column proof. E
Answers

How does m
1 compare with m
3? Explain your thinking. DF

Given: G is the midpoint of 苶苶.
3
1

A15
m
1  m
3; From the given information and the m
1  m
2
2
SSS Inequality Theorem, it follows that in ABC E
Prove: ED  EF 1 2
A D F
and DBE we have m
ABC  m
DBE. Since G
D C Proof:
m
ABC  m
1
m
2 and m
DBE  m
3
m
2, Statements Reasons
it follows that m
1
m
2  m
3
m
2. Subtract
1. G is the midpoint of D
苶F
苶. 1. Given
m
2 from each side of the last inequality to get
2. D
苶G苶⬵F 苶G
苶 2. Definition of midpoint
(Lesson 5-5)

m
1  m
3.
3. E
苶G
苶⬵E 苶G
苶 3. Reflexive Property
4. m
1  m
2 4. Given
6. Write a two-column proof. B
5. ED  EF 5. SAS Inequality
Given: B
苶A苶⬵苶 DA苶
1
BC  DC A 2 C
Prove: m
1  m
2
D 6. TOOLS Rebecca used a spring clamp to hold together a chair
Proof: leg she repaired with wood glue. When she opened the clamp,
Statements Reasons she noticed that the angle between the handles of the clamp
decreased as the distance between the handles of the clamp
1. BA
苶 苶⬵D苶A
苶 1. Given
decreased. At the same time, the distance between the
2. BC  DC 2. Given gripping ends of the clamp increased. When she released the
3. A
苶C苶⬵A苶C
苶 3. Reflexive Property handles, the distance between the gripping end of the clamp
4. m
1  m
2 4. SSS Inequality decreased and the distance between the handles increased.
Is the clamp an example of the SAS or SSS Inequality?
SAS Inequality
Lesson 5-5

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 271 Glencoe Geometry © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 272 Glencoe Geometry

Glencoe Geometry
Answers
©
NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

5-5 Reading to Learn Mathematics 5-5 Enrichment

Inequalities Involving Two Triangles
Pre-Activity How does a backhoe work? Drawing a Diagram
Read the introduction to Lesson 5-5 at the top of page 267 in your textbook. It is useful and often necessary to draw a diagram of the situation
What is the main kind of task that backhoes are used to perform? being described in a problem. The visualization of the problem is

Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
Backhoes are used mainly for digging. helpful in the process of problem solving.

Example The roads connecting the towns of Kings,

Reading the Lesson
Chana, and Holcomb form a triangle. Davis Junction is
1. Refer to the figure. Write a conclusion that you can draw from the given information. located in the interior of this triangle. The distances from
Then name the theorem that justifies your conclusion. Davis Junction to Kings, Chana, and Holcomb are 3 km,
L O 4 km, and 5 km, respectively. Jane begins at Holcomb and
drives directly to Chana, then to Kings, and then back to
M N Q P Holcomb. At the end of her trip, she figures she has traveled
25 km altogether. Has she figured the distance correctly?
a. L
苶M OP
苶⬵苶 MN
苶, 苶 PQ
苶⬵苶苶, and LN  OQ
To solve this problem, a diagram can be drawn. Based on Kings
m
M  m
P ; SSS Inequality Theorem this diagram and the Triangle Inequality Theorem, the
b. L
苶M OP
苶⬵苶 MN
苶, 苶 PQ
苶⬵苶苶, and m
P  m
M distance from Holcomb to Chana is less than 9 km. Similarly,
3 km
OQ  LN (or LN  OQ); SAS Inequality Theorem (or Hinge Theorem) the distance from Chana to Kings is less than 7 km, and the
distance from Kings to Holcomb is less than 8 km. m 5 km
c. LM
8, LN
15, OP
8, OQ
15, m
L
22, and m
O
21 4k Davis
Junction
Therefore, Jane must have traveled less than (9  7  8) km
Answers

MN  PQ; SAS Inequality Theorem (or Hinge Theorem)

or 24 km versus her calculated distance of 25 km. Chana Holcomb

A16
2. In the figure, EFG is isosceles with base F 苶G
苶 and F is the E
midpoint of D苶G苶. Determine whether each of the following is Explain why each of the following statements is true.
a valid conclusion that you can draw based on the given Draw and label a diagram to be used in the explanation.
information. (Write valid or invalid.) If the conclusion is valid, 1 2 3 4
identify the definition, property, postulate, or theorem that D F G 1. If an altitude is drawn to one side of a triangle, then the
supports it. length of the altitude is less than one-half the sum of the
a.
3 ⬵
4 valid; Isosceles Triangle Theorem lengths of the other two sides.
(Lesson 5-5)

b. DF
GF valid; definition of midpoint If B

苶D
苶 is the altitude, then it is true that B
苶D
苶A
苶C
苶. B
c. DEF is isosceles. invalid Then  BDC and  BDA are right triangles. By
d. m
3  m
1 valid; Exterior Angle Inequality Theorem Theorem 6-8, BD  BC and BD  BA. Using
e. m
2  m
4 valid; Exterior Angle Inequality Theorem Theorem 6-2, 2BD  BA
BC. Thus,
1 A C
BD  2 (BA
BC ). D
f. m
2  m
3 valid; Substitution Property (using conclusions from parts
g. DE  EG valid; SAS Inequality Theorem (or Hinge Theorem) a and e)
2. If point Q is in the interior of ABC and on the angle bisector
h. DE  FG invalid of
B, then Q is equidistant from A 苶B
苶 and C
苶B QD
苶. (Hint: Draw 苶 苶
and Q苶E苶 such that 苶QD苶A 苶B
苶 and Q
苶E
苶C 苶B
苶.)
Helping You Remember QD
If Q is on the bisector of
B, 苶 苶A
苶B
苶, and A

3. A good way to remember something is to think of it in concrete terms. How can you Q
苶E 苶C 苶B苶, then  QEB ⬵  QDB by HA. Thus,
D
illustrate the Hinge Theorem with everyday objects? Sample answer: Put two Q
苶E 苶⬵Q 苶D苶 by CPCTC, which means that Q is
pencils on a desktop so that the erasers touch. As you increase or Q
equidistant from A苶B苶 and C苶B
苶.
decrease the measure of the angle formed by the pencils, the distance C B
E
Lesson 5-5

between the points of the pencils increases or decreases accordingly.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 273 Glencoe Geometry © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 274 Glencoe Geometry

Glencoe Geometry
 Chapter 5 Assessment Answer Key
Form 1 Form 2A
Page 275 Page 276 Page 277
12. A

1. A 13. B 1. B

C 2. D
2.

Answers
D B 3. A
3. 14.

4. C
4. B

15. C

16. B 5. B
5. C

6. A
6. B A
17.

7. A 7. C
18. D

8. C
8. A

9. B D
19. A
9.

10. C
20. A 10. D

11. D
11. A
B: 6,
1
(continued on the next page)

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill A17 Glencoe Geometry

 Chapter 5 Assessment Answer Key
Form 2A (continued) Form 2B
Page 278 Page 279 Page 280
12. B 12. D

13. A 1. C A
13.

2. D

14. D 3. B
14. B

4. A
15. B
15. A

16. C
5. A 16. D

6. C

17. D 17. C
7. D

18. C 18. B

8. B

19. B 19. A
9. C

20. C C
10. A 20.

11. C
9,
2 B: 160
B:

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill A18 Glencoe Geometry

 Chapter 5 Assessment Answer Key
Form 2C
Page 281 Page 282



AD
X 
Z
1. 12.



2. x  8; AC is the ⊥ 13. 13 m and 33 m

D
bisector of B
.
14. PT

Answers
3. 4
15. 34

4.
136, 232
16. EF  GH
5. 25

17. m
1  m
2

6. 135  m
A  0

7.
I,
H,
G

8.

PQ
, P

R

, Q

R


Definition of 
18. segments

9.
Y
X

19. Reflexive Prop.

20. SSS Inequality

c
a
10. 4 is not a factor of n. y  x
B: b

B
11. A
is not a median.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill A19 Glencoe Geometry

 Chapter 5 Assessment Answer Key
Form 2D
Page 283 Page 284


LM
V
S
⊥

P

Q
1. 12.


 15 ft and 43 ft
2. x  5; RS is the ⊥
13.

Q
bisector of P
.

14. BE

3. 8
15. 35

4.
92, 32
16. m
1  m
2
5. 20

BC  ED
6. 127  m
X  0
17.

7.
T,
V,
U

8.

FH
, G

H

, G

F

18. Def. of midpoint

9.
M
L

19. Reflexive Prop.

20. SAS Inequality

10. n2 is not an even
1
number. x  a
B: 2

11.
D
A
is not an
altitude.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill A20 Glencoe Geometry

 Chapter 5 Assessment Answer Key
Form 3
Page 285 Page 286
1. 15 12. 140

2.
3183,
3123 13.
B 
E

3. 32

Answers
14. 5 in. and 53 in.

4. 146  m
L  0

15. YW
5.
H,
I,
G

6.

QR
, P

Q

, P

R

x5
16.

7.
Y
shortest: V
;

W
longest: V

8. x3
17. Def. of  segments
9. x  y  7 and
4y
3x  14 so 18. Addition Prop. of
x  2, y  5, and Inequality
TC  TA  22. So,
T lies on 

BD . 19. Reflexive Prop.

10. The
bisectors are

not concurrent. 20. SSS Inequality
d 2ad
y  x

11. x3 B: c
2a c
2a

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill A21 Glencoe Geometry

 Chapter 5 Assessment Answer Key
Page 287, Open-Ended Assessment
Scoring Rubric
Score General Description
4 Superior
A correct solution that
is supported by well-
developed, accurate
explanations
3 Satisfactory
A generally correct solution,
but may contain minor flaws
in reasoning or computation
2 Nearly Satisfactory
A partially correct
interpretation and/or
solution to the problem
1 Nearly Unsatisfactory
A correct solution with no
supporting evidence or
explanation
0 Unsatisfactory
An incorrect solution
indicating no mathematical
understanding of the
concept or task, or no
solution is given
© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
Specific Criteria
• Shows thorough understanding of the concepts of
bisectors, medians, altitudes, inequalities in triangles,
indirect proof, the Triangle Inequality, SAS Inequality, and
SSS Inequality.
• Uses appropriate strategies to solve problems.
• Computations are correct.
• Written explanations are exemplary.
• Figures are accurate and appropriate.
• Goes beyond requirements of some or all problems.
• Shows an understanding of the concepts of bisectors,
medians, altitudes, inequalities in triangles, indirect proof,
the Triangle Inequality, SAS Inequality, and SSS
Inequality.
• Uses appropriate strategies to solve problems.
• Computations are mostly correct.
• Written explanations are effective.
• Figures are mostly accurate and appropriate.
• Satisfies all requirements of problems.
• Shows an understanding of most of the concepts of
bisectors, medians, altitudes, inequalities in triangles,
indirect proof, the Triangle Inequality, SAS Inequality, and
SSS Inequality.
• May not use appropriate strategies to solve problems.
• Computations are mostly correct.
• Written explanations are satisfactory.
• Figures are mostly accurate.
• Satisfies the requirements of most of the problems.
• Final computation is correct.
• No written explanations or work shown to substantiate the
final computation.
• Figures may be accurate but lack detail or explanation.
• Satisfies minimal requirements of some of the problems.
• Shows little or no understanding of most of the concepts
of bisectors, medians, altitudes, inequalities in triangles,
indirect proof, the Triangle Inequality, SAS Inequality, and
SSS Inequality.
• Does not use appropriate strategies to solve problems.
• Computations are incorrect.
• Written explanations are unsatisfactory.
• Figures are inaccurate or inappropriate.
• Does not satisfy requirements of problems.
• No answer given.
A22 Glencoe Geometry
 Chapter 5 Assessment Answer Key
Page 287, Open-Ended Assessment
Sample Answers
In addition to the scoring rubric found on page A22, the following sample answers
may be used as guidance in evaluating open-ended assessment items.

1. As the sticks are pulled apart the angle d. The student should draw an
gets greater and the rubber band will be equilateral triangle.
stretched and become longer. This situation
illustrates the SAS Inequality Theorem.

2. Ashley is correct,


FG and

JK are 4 inches
apart. The shortest distance from a point

Answers
to a line is the perpendicular distance.
Since
E
H is perpendicular to both lines, its 5. An altitude of
ABC extends from a
measure is the shortest distance from vertex and is perpendicular to the opposite


. side of the triangle as shown in figure I.
FG to JK
A perpendicular bisector of a side is
3. The segment from B to 
AC could intersect perpendicular to the side but it also

AC in two different points because the intersects the midpoint of the side and
length of the segment, 6, is more than the but does not necessarily intersect the
perpendicular distance from B to 
AC , 5, opposite vertex of the triangle as shown
in figure II.
and less than the length of

A

B, 10.

B

D can
B perpendicular B
either slant in towards A or out towards altitude bisector
C as shown in this figure.
B A C A C
10
6 5 6 Figure I Figure II

A C
D 6. The SAS Inequality Theorem requires two
triangles that have two pairs of congruent
4. a. The student should draw a right sides and the included angles are related.
triangle. Then the third side of each triangle will
also be related in the same way as the
included angles. See
ABC and
EDF.
altitudes Since C
F, then AB
ED.
A E
b. The student should draw an obtuse
triangle. C 40 B F 50 D

The theorem that states that the larger

angle is opposite the longer side refers to
sides and angles within one triangle. For
example, in
XYZ, since 6 is the longest
side, X will have the greatest measure.
c. The student should draw an acute
Y
triangle. 6
3
Z X
4

7. If x  3, then x
5; x  5.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill A23 Glencoe Geometry

 Chapter 5 Assessment Answer Key
Vocabulary Test/Review Quiz 1 Quiz 3
Page 288 Page 289 Page 290
1. circumcenter 1. AC  AB  AD

2. true Yes; AB  AC  BC,

BC  AC  AB,
2. and AB  BC  AC.

3. centroid
1. false, median 3. AE

4. x 
1

4. 2  x  16
2. false, orthocenter

true
3.
5.
Q
P
5. C

4. false, centroid

5. true

6. false, incenter
Quiz 4
Quiz 2 Page 290
7. true Page 289
1. m
1  m
2
1. The conclusion
true is false. AB  DE
8. 2.

9. false, 3 2. x6 3. GH  7

10. true
3.
B
A
B

C

4. Assume that x 10.

That is, assume that
11. three or more x 10.
lines intersecting
at a common point
5.
B
C
C

A


E
A
A

E


4.

5. SAS Inequality

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill A24 Glencoe Geometry

 Chapter 5 Assessment Answer Key
Mid-Chapter Test Cumulative Review
Page 291 Page 292
1. 3; 4
Part I
1. C
2. 24 units

2. A

Answers
3. D
3. m
ABC 
m
1  m
2
4. B 4. Angle Addition
Postulate

5. and 6.
y

5. D
O x
(2,
1)

(
2,
5)
Part II

6. 180  x  50 5


7.

8. scalene
7. x2 4
9. 103
10. DBE and FEC
m
C m
A 11. (
1, 3)
8.

12.
PMQ 
PQM

D
9. B
bisects
ABC.

13. yes

14. 6  n  12

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill A25 Glencoe Geometry

 Chapter 5 Assessment Answer Key
Standardized Test Practice
Page 293 Page 294

9. 10.
1. A B C D 4 1 7 2 0 0 5
/ / / /
. . . . . . . .
0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
2. E F G H 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9

11. 12.
1 7 8
/ / / /
. . . . . . . .
3. A B C D
0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
4. E F G H

13.
3 4
/ /
. . . .
0 0 0
5. A B C D 1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3
4 4 4 4
5 5 5 5
6 6 6 6
7 7 7 7
8 8 8 8
6. E F G H 9 9 9 9

7. A B C D

14. 6

8. E F G H

15. 10

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill A26 Glencoe Geometry