PAG-ASA INTEGRATED SCHOOL SCORE:

Pag-asa, Alabel, Sarangani Province

Name: ________________________________________ Date: __________________

Teacher: Ariel C. Lalisan, T-III

PART I. REVIEW: CONFIGURE THE ELECTRONS. For the following nuclides, write the number of electrons per orbital and
write their electronic configuration.

1. Potassium (Atomic Number: 19) 2. Bromide (Atomic Number: 35)

1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 4p

Electronic Configuration: _________________________ Electronic Configuration: ______________________

Number of Valence Electrons: _____________________ Number of Valence Electrons: __________________

PART II. ENGAGEMENT: CHEMICAL BONDING

 The number of valence electrons of an atom dictates its behavior in interacting with other atoms.
 The valence electrons are usually indicated by the Lewis Electron Dot Structure (LEDS)

 For an atom to attain stability, they must have 8 valence electrons in their outermost shell. This is known as OCTET
RULE. The elements under Group VIIA are all stable. Meaning they have 8 valence electrons. They are called the
Noble gases. They do not react with other elements.
 To become stable, atoms lose or gain electrons. Ions are formed when an atom lose or gain its electrons. Some
atoms “donate” electrons to other atoms, thus, losing electrons and becoming a positive ion or cation. Some atoms
“accept” electrons from other atoms, thus, becoming a negative ion or anion. Positive ions and negative ions attract
each other forming ionic compounds.
 If metals were chemically combined to nonmetals, metals would tend to lose electrons while nonmetals gain
electrons during chemical bonding to attain stability.

Example: Sodium (Na) has a valence electron of 1, while Chlorine (Cl) has a valence electron of 7.
Sodium (Na) tends to lose this one electron and become positively charged (+1), while Chlorine (Cl) tends to gain
one electron and become negative-charged (-1). The positively-charged sodium (Na+) will attract the negatively-
charged Chlorine (Cl-) to form

 Other elements share electrons to become stable. For example, Oxygen (O) with valence electrons of six (6) needs
two (2) more electrons to become stable. These can be filled by two atoms of Hydrogen (H). The sharing of valence
electrons is called covalent bonding. This forms covalent compound such as water (H2O)
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Pag-asa, Alabel, Sarangani Province