Practice Book C2

Answers
1 Percentages 1.4 Interest
1.1 Financial calculations 1 (a) 28.5 (b) 1.68 (c) 84.15 (d) 1025.72
PRT
1 (a)
50 50 40 30 5 1 2 A  P
100
50% 25 20 15 2.5 0.5 where P is the amount invested, R is the interest rate
per year and T is the time in years.
40% 20 16 12 2 0.4 3 (a) €105, €355 (b) €104, €754
(c) €72, €272 (d) €64.80, €424.80
30% 15 12 9 1.5 0.3 4 (a) €375.18 (b) €760.41
(c) €284.42 (d) €428.77
5% 2.5 2 1.5 0.25 0.05 5 (a) €131.50 (b) €6
6 (a) €910 (b) €637 (c) €445.90
1% 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.05 0.01 7 4.40 million
8 (a) Total payable  €338.64
(b) They are the same so the order of the calculation (b) Total payable  €425
does not matter. So investment (b) gives the greater sum
2 (a) €32 (b) 4 cent (c) 32.5 kg
(d) €32 (e) 4 cent (f ) 32.5 kg
(g) €90 (h) 1.5 m (i) 1.5 m
3 (a) (i) 2 g (ii) 0.8 g (iii) 0.5225 g
(b) 20p (c) £1 (d) 40 g
2 Algebraic expressions
4 Check students’ calculations.
.
2.1 Review
1 1
5  off is better,   33.3%
3 3 1 (a) 6x  11 (b) 9  4y
(c) 10a  7b (d) 13d
2
1.2 Profit and loss 3y y3 5y  2y yyy

1 (a) 75% (b) €29 y2  y2  y2 3  y2 3y  y 3 lots of y2

2 (a) €45 (b) 4% (c) €115.32
3 (a) 25% (b) (i) €1667.50 (ii) 15% 3 less than y y3 (3  y)
4 (a) (i) 3.55% increase (ii) 3.22% increase
(iii) 2.70% increase 3y 3 more than y 1y2
(b) (i) 2.73% decrease (ii) 2.68% decrease
(iii) 0% 3 (a) 24 (b) 0 (c) 6 (d) 0
5 (a) 115 million hectares (b) 93% 4 (a) 15  10s (b) 12  20t
(c) 29.9% increase (d) 87.5% increase (c) 12v  21 (d) 6w  10
6 An increase of 100% is the same as doubling a 5 (a) 6(2  3p) (b) 5(3  2q)
quantity. (c) 4(4x  5y) (d) 7(5x  6y)
A decrease of 100% reduces the amount to zero. 6 (a) 23a  17 (b) 32b  12
(c) 9c  18 (d) 6d  10
(e) 29e  45 (f ) 45  11f
1.3 Reverse percentage calculations (g) 3g  13 (h) 12h  21

1 (a) 36 (b) 27 (c) 64 (d) 22 (e) 75 (f ) 10

2 (a) €20 (b) €80 (c) €200 (d) €130
3 (a) €190.48 (b) €249.52 2.2 Indices
(c) €500 (d) €285.71
4 (a) (i) €30 (ii) €90 (iii) €27.50 (iv) €82.50 1 (a) a7 (b) b7 (c) c28 (d) d4
(b) (i) Multiply by 5 then divide by 2. (e) e5 (f ) f 4 (g) g0 (h) h1
(ii) Multiply by 20 then divide by 19. 2 (a) 10a5 (b) 30b11 (c) 48c20 (d) 18d200
5 Edam: 43 g, Processed: 40 g, Parmesan: 33 g, 3 (a) 4a4 (b) 6b8 (c) 5c80 (d) 5d3
Stilton: 25 g 4 Check students’ examples.
6 (a) $10 000 (b) $526 5 (a) p10 (b) q12 (c) r80 (d) s300
7 (a) 19 m (b) 20 m 6 (a) 9t6 (b) 8u12 (c) 25v12 (d) 32w35

Formula One Maths Euro Edition Practice Book C2 © 2008, Hodder Education 1 of 17
2.3 Expanding two brackets 3.2 Displaying data
1 (a) 4a  3a
2
(b) 5b  10b
2 1 (a)
Pet Budgie Cat Dog Fish Rabbit
(c) 2c2  10c (d) 6d2  21d
(e) 3e  e3 (f ) 10f 3  35f Frequency 5 8 6 4 7
(g) g  2g2  3g3 (h) 10h  15h2  5h3 (b) Nothing: some students may have more than one
(i) 18i3  12i2  24i pet, others none.
2 (a) a(a  6) (b) 4b(b  2) (c) Cat
(c) 4c(3c  2) (d) d2(d  9) (d) Bar chart to show the data above.
(e) e(e2  5e  8) (f ) 3f(2f 2  4f  1) 2 (a) Year 7 and Year 9
3 (a) a2  6a  8 (b) b2  6b  5 (b) 700 boys and 700 girls
(c) c2  6c  7 (d) d2  d  12 (c) 1800
(e) e2  7e  10 (f ) f 2  7f  12 3 (a)
4 (a) (i) x2  12x  36 (ii) 256 Key
(b) (i) x2  8x  16 (ii) 256 Village Under 15
(c) (10  6)2  162, (20  4)2  162
15 to 60
5 (a) m2  8m  16 (b) n2  10n  25 Town
(c) p2  12p  36 (d) q2  14q  49 Over 60
6 (a) r2  9 (b) s2  49 City
(c) t2  25 (d) u2  64
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
(b) For example, there are more over 60s in the
2.4 Further expressions village and more 15 to 60s in the city.

1 (a) 8a2  18a (b) 11b3  5b

(c) 13c2  bc (d) 3d3  10c2d
3.3 Pie charts
(e) 6e3  3e2  9e (f ) 4ef  6e2f 1 (a) 9°
2 (a) 16a4b3 (b) 12c5d6 (b) Pie chart with the following angles.
(c) 20e10f 3 (d) 27g2h12 Maths 45°
(e) 100x5y15 (f ) 60k10m4n4 English 45°
3 (a) 4a4b2 (b) 3c5d3 Science 54°
(c) 4e5f 2g8 (d) 7x3y8 Technology 36°
(e) 5x5yz10 (f ) 20m2n18p8 Humanities 72°
4 (a) S  2x2  4xh  2x(x  2h) Others 108°
(b) 450 cm3 (c) (i) 50% (ii) 25%
5 (a) 3a(2b  3) (b) 6c(2d  c) 2
Vehicle type Angle Number of vehicles
(c) 8e2(f  1) (d) 10g(h  2g)
(e) 5jk(k  2) (f ) 100mn(m  10) Van 54° 30
Lorry 36° 20
Motorcycle 36° 20
Bicycle 18° 10
3 Doing a survey Car 216° 120
3.1 Collecting information 3 Check students’ pie charts and comparisons.
1 (a) Doesn’t say how much ‘a lot’ is, need categories
with ranges of hours; also need categories such 3.4 Working with grouped data
as age and sex. 1 (a)
(b) It is a leading question.
(c) Some categories are missing, others are Weight (w kg) 50  w  54 54  w  58 58  w  62 62  w  66
duplicated. Frequency 4 9 11 6
(d) Doesn’t allow for a full range of responses.
(e) It uses negatives making it difficult to (b) Continuous
understand. It should be a direct question. (c) 58  w  62
2 (a) For example, could include range of drinks, (d) Frequency chart to illustrate the data above.
cereals, cooked items. Note that the bars should be touching.
(b) For example, sex, age, amount of money. 2 (a) Continuous
3 (a) For example, not all people have phones and only (b) 27
get the view of the person answering the phone. (c) Most of the cars are travelling between
(b) For example, people come out in friendship 30 km h1 and 45 km h1.
groups. Also, what about the ones who go home (d) 1
Speed (v km h ) 0  v  15 15  v  30 30  v  45
or eat sandwiches?
(c) For example, wrong place and wrong time of day. Frequency 2 7 15

She will not get a good cross-section.

4 Possible answers Speed (v km h1) 45  v  60 60  v  75
Smallest total Frequency 2 0
The flavour with the most 1s

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 (e) 2 4.2 Solving more equations
(f ) 2
(g) 1 (a) a3 (b) b  2.5 (c) c2
14 (d) d  1.5 (e) e  1.2 (f ) f  0.5
12
Monday (g) g  0.6 (h) h8 (i) x  3.6
(a) a1 (b) b2 (c) c  6
Number of cars
2
10
(d) d  0.2 (e) e5 (f ) f  10
8 (g) g  18 (h) h  3 (i) x  2
6
Sunday 3 (a) x  0.4 (b) x  1 (c) x  23
4 (d) x  10.5 (e) x  1.75 (f ) x  6.5
2 (g) x  0.6 (h) x1 (i) x  3.2
9
0 ( j) x  1
6
0 15 30 45 60 75
Speed (km h⫺1)
(h) For example, people are travelling slower on 4.3 Forming equations
Monday; there is a similar range of speeds on
both days. 1 (a) The width, in centimetres, of the rectangle.
3 Check students’ examples. (b) 4x  24
(c) 4x  24  48, x  6
(d) 6 cm by 18 cm
2 (a) n  4 (b) n  7 (c) n  4  2(n  7), n  18
3.5 Scatter diagrams 3 (a) 32 (b) €(15  0.05n)
(c) 15  0.05n  26, 220 miles
1 (a) (i) increases (ii) decreases 4 Students check each others’ solutions.
(b) (i) Positive (ii) Positive
(iii) Negative (iv) No correlation
(v) Negative 4.4 Trial and improvement
1
2 (a) 90, 20 (b) 8, 2 (c) 52
(d) 60 (e) No correlation 1 Check the progression and accuracy of students’
trials; x  2.8
3 (a) and (b)
2 Check the progression and accuracy of students’
trials; x  3.50
Fuel consumption (km/litre)

3 (a)  A23–10*A2 (or equivalent)

20
(b) and (c) x  3.26, x  0.20, x  3.06
4 x  3.92
15
5 (a) x  3.37 (b) x  4.67
10

0
5 Working with polygons
0 1000 2000 3000
Engine size (cc) 5.1 Angles
(c) (i) About 2300 cc 1 a  78° b  141° c  120° d  32°
(ii) About 13 km/litre e  148° f  32° g  148° h  78°
2 (a) (i) 65° (ii) 50° (iii) 130°
(b) 540°
3 (a) a  68° b  44° c  47° d  47°
e  24° f  132°
(b) 540°
4 Equations 4 The interior angles are 180°  A, 180°  B, 180°  C
4.1 Solving equations and 180°  D because the angles on a straight line
1 (a) x  2 (b) x  2.5 add up to 180°.
(c) x  1 (d) x4 180°  A  180°  B  180°  C  180°  D  360°
(e) x  2 (f ) x  1.5 because the interior angles of a quadrilateral add up
(g) x  15 (h) x  2 to 360°.
(i) x  0 ( j) x  5.7 720°  (A  B  C  D)  360°
2 (a) a  21 (b) b  33  A  B  C  D  360°
(c) c  96 (d) d1 5 (a) (i) 226° (ii) 137° (b) 89°
(e) e  12.5 (f ) f  17.5
(g) g  13 (h) h6
(i) x  6 ( j) y4 5.2 Angles of polygons
3 Alan: 4x  3  2x, x  1.5 1 (a) Sum of interior angles  6  180°  1080°
1
Ruth: 2(x  5)  31, x  57 (b) Sum of interior angles
4 (a) a  64
3
(b) b  20.5 (c) c  4  4  90°  4  180°  1080°
5 2 (a) 540° (b) 1440° (c) 1260° (d) 3240°
(d) d  17.5 (e) g  16 (f ) h  17 3 (a) 150° (b) 156°
(g) x  15 (h) y  3 4 16

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5 Yes, all quadrilaterals tessellate if the four different 6 Sequences and functions
corners are arranged together as shown.
6.1 Generating sequences
b c
a d 1 (a) 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 (b) 5, 10, 20, 40, 80
(c) 2, 5, 10, 17, 26 (d) 15, 10, 5, 0, 5
d a
c b 2 (a) (iii) (b) (v) (c) (ii) (d) (i) (e) (iv)
c b 3 (a) 498 (b) 3, 8, 13, 18
d a
(c) The first term is 3. To find the next term add 5 to
a d the previous term.
b c 4 (a) 5 (b) 48 (c) 50 (d) 157 (e) 81 (f ) 9

(n  2)  180
6 (a) i   6.2 Linear patterns
n
(n  2)  180 (n  2)  (2  90) 1 (a), (d) and (e)
(b) i     2 (a) 31 (b) T(n)  2n  3
n n
3 (a) (i) tn  4n  2 (ii) 602
2(n  2)  90 (2n  4)  90 (b) (i) tn  40  5n (ii) 790
   
n n (c) (i) tn  100  n (ii) 50
7 (a) (i) 160° (ii) 178° (iii) 179° (iv) 179.5° (d) (i) tn  27  3n (ii) 423
(b) The angle increases as n increases; the angles get (e) (i) tn  18.5  1.5n (ii) 243.5
closer to 180°. (f) (i) tn  25  7n (ii) 1025
4 (a) 10, 13, 16, 19, 22
(b) It is the difference between each term and the
5.3 Regular polygons next.
(c) 7 would be the value of term zero.
1 (a) 360° (b) 18 (c) 160° (d) 2880°
(d) 21st term
2 (a) 30°
5 (a) (i) €28 (ii) €68 (iii) €(4n  20)
(b) Check students’ constructions of a dodecagon.
(b) 20 weeks
(c) 150°
3 (a) 24 (b) 15° (c) 165°
4 (a) 168° (b) 30 6.3 Using spreadsheets
5 (a) 10° (b) 36
6 (a) (i) 36° (ii) 10 (b) (i) 24° (ii) 15 1 (a) Enter 1 in cell A2 then, in cell A3, enter the
(c) (i) 9° (ii) 40 (d) (i) 8° (ii) 45 formula  A2  1 and fill down; or enter 1 in cell
7 360 25  14.4, which is not a whole number. A2, then fill down a series with step 1
180(n  2) 180n 360 360 (b) 6 (c) 31 (d) 5
8       180   2 Check students’ printouts.
n n n n
3 Check students’ printouts.
9 (a) Forward 20, right 60°
Forward 30, right 86°
Forward 15, right 66° 6.4 Spatial patterns
Forward 30, right 44°
Forward 10, right 58° 1 (a) Check students’ drawings.
Forward 14, right 46° (b)
(b) 360°
Pattern number 1 2 3 4 5 6
Number of circles 2 4 6 8 10 12
5.4 Pythagoras’ rule
Number of stars 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 c2  4.52  62
c2  20.25  36 (c) (i) 11 (ii) 101
c2  56.25 (d) (i) 20 (ii) 2n
c  7.5 2 (a)
2 (a) 10 cm (b) 6.4 cm (c) 6.3 m
3 55.3 m Pattern number 1 2 3 4 5 6
4 (a) 16.8 cm (b) 25.7 m Total number of dots in
5 11.8 cm 1 9 25 49 81 121
pattern
Number of dots added
– 8 16 24 32 40
5.5 Using Pythagoras’ rule from previous pattern
1 a  6.7 cm b  6.6 cm c  7.5 cm d  8 cm Number of black dots 1 1 17 17 49 49
e  11.3 cm f  33.5 cm, 2f  67 cm Number of white dots 0 8 8 32 32 72
2 155.6 cm or 1.56 m
3 (a) 1.5 m (b) 1.2 m (b) 80 (c) 8n
4 (a) 8 cm and 13 cm, 8 cm and 14 cm, 8 cm and 15 cm, (d) They are the odd square numbers
9 cm and 12 cm, 9 cm and 13 cm, 9 cm and 14 cm, (e) (i) 252  625 (ii) (2n  1)2
10 cm and 12 cm, 10 cm and 13 cm, 11 cm and (f ) Possible answers include: They only increase every
12 cm other pattern, the increases are all multiples of 8,
(b) 2; 8, 15, 17 and 9, 12, 15 the second differences are zero or 16.

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7 Circles 8.2 Ratios and similar figures
7.1 Circumference and diameter 1 (b), (c) and (e)
2 (a) x  120 cm, y  99 cm, z  195 cm
1 (a) 11.62 cm (Accept 11.30 cm to 11.93 cm) (b) 162 cm or 450 cm
(b) 17.27 cm (Accept 16.96 cm to 17.58 cm) 3 (a) x  24 cm, y  60 cm
2 (a) 6.28 cm (b) 69.08 mm (c) 56.52 mm (b) A: 96 cm2, B: 864 cm2, C: 2400 cm2
3 15.13 cm (c) 1 : 3 (d) 1 : 9 (e) 1 : 5 (f ) 1 : 25
4 32 cm 4 (a) 1 : 2 (b) 64 : 512  1 : 8
5 (a) 59.7 mm. (c) Cube ratio of the lengths, 13 : 23  1 : 8.
(b) Check by rolling the coin on its edge, perhaps 5 90 cm3
using an ink blob on the edge to help. 6 (a) 5 cm (b) 96 cm2
6 1.11 m or 111 cm 7 2.49 m
7 (a) 3.141 592 92… (b) 3.146 26…
(c) 3.1604… (d) 3.141 592 73…
So (d) is the best with (a) a close second. 8.3 Proportionality
1 (a) 90 sweets (b) 18 sweets
7.2 Area of a circle 2 11 days
3 (a) 150 lines (b) 15 words
1 (a) 50.24 cm2 (b) 0.785 m2 (c) 50.24 cm2 1
2 2 4 (a) 72 hours (b) 25 km/h
(d) 0.007 85 cm (e) 286.62 cm
(f ) 0.003 184 7… m2 or 31.847… cm2 5 Table 1
2 (a) (i) 157 mm2 (ii) 55.7 mm
6 (a) €18 (b) 132 articles
(b) (i) 13.08 cm2 (ii) 15.23 cm
7 (a) 62.4
(c) (i) 529.875 cm2 (ii) 100.65 cm
(b)
3 30 Pressure (kPa) 3.9 5.2 6.5 7.8
4 (a) 529.875 cm2 (b) 25.12 cm2
5 (a) 10.28 cm2 (b) 12.56 cm Volume (litres) 16 12 9.6 8
6 18 cm (c) Volume decreases so pressure becomes too great.
7 (a) 6.369 m (b) 31.85 m2

7.3 Circle constructions

1 Check students’ constructions.
3 (b) The lines are equal in length and perpendicular
to each other.
4 No, something which works all the time with the
program does not prove it is true all the time.

8 Ratio
8.1 Ratio
1 (a) 1 : 8 (b) 4 : 15 (c) 1 : 6 : 12
(d) 6 : 17 (e) 62 : 93 : 155 (f ) 87 : 145 : 116
(g) 3 : 5 (h) 5 : 8 (i) 1 : 20
( j) 200 : 1 (k) 1 : 36 (l) 30 000 : 1
2 (a) 27 (b) 55 (c) 6
(d) 24 (e) 5 (f ) 250 000
3 (c) and (e)
4 (a) (i) 15 km (ii) 6.9 km (iii) 19.05 km
(b) (i) 24 cm (ii) 5.4 cm (iii) 20.8 cm
(c) 1 : 150 000
5 (a) 75 ml (b) 400 ml
(c) 1 litre of orange juice, 2.5 litres of lemonade

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9 Simultaneous equations (e) j  5, k  4 (f ) m  7, n  5
(g) p  2, q  10 (h) r  8, t  3
9.1 Solving pairs of equations (i) u  4, v  1
2 (a) 3x (b) 11x (c) 13x (d) 3x
1 (a)
x 0 1 2 3 4 (e) 8x (f ) 4x (g) 5x (h) 5x
(i) 4x ( j) 3x (k) 16x (l) 7x
2x 0 2 4 6 8 3 (a) x  2, y  1 (b) a  3, b  2
1 1 1 1 1 1 (c) e  10, f  2 (d) p  6, q  3
(e) j  5, k  2 (f ) x  1, y  3
y  2x  1 1 1 3 5 7 (g) c  4, d  5 (h) x  2, y  5
(i) u  3, v  2
(b)
x 0 1 2 3 4 4 (a) a  2, b  1 (b) c  4, d  2
(c) e  1, f  2 (d) g  3, h  0
yx1 1 2 3 4 5
(e) j  1, k  4 (f ) m  5, n  2
(c) Check students’ graphs. (g) p  3, q  1 (h) r  2, t  4
(d) x  2, y  3 (i) u  2, v  5 ( j) w  2, x  7
2 (a) (k) y  3, z  4 (l) x  3, y  4
x 0 1 2 3 4 5 (a) h  k  36
hk4
y  2x  1 1 3 5 7 9
(b) Helen: 20 years, Katherine: 16 years
(b) 6 (a) 10t (b) 5f
x 0 1 2 3 4 (c) 10t  5f  85 (d) t  f  11
yx2 2 3 4 5 6 (e) t  6, f  5; 6 ten cent coins and 5 five cent coins
(c) Check students’ graphs.
(d) x  1, y  3
3 (a) x  2, y  2 (b) p  3, q  3 9.4 More simultaneous equations
(c) a  4, b  2 (d) e  12, f  6
(e) m  9, n  3 (f ) u  12, v  4 1 (a) a  4, b  2 (b) c  2, d  5
(g) x  2, y  2 (h) v  2, w  2 (c) e  7, f  7 (d) p  8, q  2
(i) a  8, b  1 ( j) c  6, d  2 (e) r  6, t  1 (f ) u  2, v  6
(k) e  5, f  2 (l) g  6, h  4 (g) g  3, h  3 (h) j  4, k  2
(m) p  5, q  3 (n) x  3, y  5 (i) m  4, n  3 ( j) x  1, y  7
(o) m  5, n  2 (k) a  8, b  2 (l) g  7, h  4
4 (a) 4c  n  90 (m) w  5, x  3 (n) y  5, z  4
(b) The cost of a notepad is five times the cost of a (o) x  10, y  10
crayon. 2 (a) 6p  2r  92
(c) c  10, n  50; the cost of a crayon is 10 cent, the 5p  3r  90
cost of a notepad is 50 cent (b) Pencil 12 cent, rubber 10 cent
5 (a) a  2c 3 (a) 4x  y  180
(b) 2a  3c  28 (b) 2x  2y  180
(c) a  8, c  4; an adult’s ticket costs €8, a child’s (c) x  30, y  60
ticket costs €4 (d) Triangle A: 30°, 60°, 90°; Triangle B: 30°, 30°, 120°
4 (a) 3x  2y  18
(b) 4x  6y  34
9.2 Simultaneous equations (c) x  4, y  3
1 (a) a  1, b  2 (b) c  3, d  1 (d) Pentagon: 4 cm, 3 cm, 4 cm, 4 cm, 3 cm
(c) e  0, f  2 (d) g  2, h  1 Octagon: 8 cm, 3 cm, 3 cm, 3 cm, 8 cm, 3 cm, 3 cm,
(e) j  7, k  2 (f ) m  10, n  2 3 cm
(g) p  5, q  2 (h) r  4, t  3
(i) u  6, v  5 ( j) w  8, x  4
(k) y  10, z  20 (l) x  9, y  4
2 (a) 2s  3t  46 10 Fractions
(b) 4s  3t  56 10.1 The language of fractions
(c) s  5, t  12; a shirt costs €5, a pair of trousers
costs €12 1 (a)
13
 (b)
17
 (c)
13
 (d)
2
 (e)
6

20 24 14 5 7
3 (a) 5r  2c  180
7 9 1 b 5e
(b) 3r  2c  148 2 (a) 
18 (b) 
16 (c) 
4 (d)  (e) 2
(c) r  16, c  50; a bread roll costs 16 cent, a cake 2c 9f
y 3
costs 50 cent (f ) 22 (g) 
5
4 (a) 5n  2m  305 xz
3n  2m  195 2b  3 3 3x
3 (a)  (b)  (c) 
(b) n  55, m  15 6b 2x y2
(c) €445 18a
(d) 5 (e) 
5b3
2
9.3 Solving simultaneous equations 4 (a) 3 (b) 2b (c) 
5
1 (a) a  2, b  1 (b) c  4, d  1 1 1
(d) 2a  b (e)  (f ) 2
(c) e  3, f  0 (d) g  8, h  2 4x  y x

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5 (g)
Number Reciprocal Decimal Recurring x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
digits
2x  4 1 3 1 1 3
1 .  
2

4 1 14 12 14 2
3  0.3 1 8
3
1 . .
7  0.142 857 6
7 (h)
. x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
1
9  0.1 1
9 1 1 1
.. y  2.5x  4 4 12 1 32 6 82 11
1
11  0.09 2
11
1 . . (i)
13  0.076 923 6 x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
13
x
y    2 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6
10
10.2 Working with mixed numbers
( j)
1 5 13 7 21 x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 (a) 44 (b) 46 (c) 715 (d) 61
2 (e) 84
0
1 1 9 23 13 2x  3
2 (a) 14 (b) 21
2 (c) 31
0 (d) 13
0 (e) 12
0
 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.6 1 1.4 1.8
5
9 7 3 2
3 (a) 21
3 (b) 68 (c) 32
0 (d) 24 (e) 165 2 (a) €34
18 2 120 4 (b)
4 (a) 2 (b)  (c) 21 (d)  (e) 
25 3 203 9 n 10 20 30 40 50
3 1 1
5 (a) (i) Add 4 (ii) 42, 54 0.9n 9 18 27 36 45
1 1
(b) (i) Add 13 (ii) 6, 73 16 16 16 16 16 16

(c) (i) Add

8
 (ii)
7
41
1
 C  0.9n  16 25 34 43 52 61
10 0, 52
1 5 1
(d) (i) Subtract 2 (ii) 46, 43 (c) Check students’ mapping diagrams.
4 9 1
(d) 45 m3
(e) (i) Subtract 11
0 (ii) 410, 32
 3 (a)
1 3 1
D 2 4 6 8 10
6 (a) 24 (b) 38 (c) 516
24D 48 96 144 192 240
3 3 4
(d)  (e)  (f ) 
5 2 3 10 10 10 10 10 10
7 (a) 2 : 4 : 1 (b) €1800, €3600, €900
C  24D  10 58 106 154 202 250
(b) Check students’ mapping diagrams.
(c) 9 days
(d) 24
11 Graphs 4 (a)
W 50 60 70 80 90
11.1 Mapping diagrams
5W
1 Check students’ mapping diagrams.  125 150 175 200 225
2
(a)
x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 40 40 40 40 40 40
2x  1 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 5W
M    40 165 190 215 240 265
2
(b)
x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 (b) Check students’ mapping diagrams.
y  3x  2 2 1 4 7 10 13 16 (c) 130 cm

(c) 11.2 Inverse mappings

x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
x
y  2x 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 1 (a) y   (b) y  x  20
3
(c) y  x  8 (d) x → x  7
(d)
x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 (e) x → x  15 (f ) x → 5x
(g) y  50x (h) y  x  6
4(x  1) 4 0 4 8 12 16 20 1 1
2 (a) y  2(x  7) (b) y  5(x  7)
(e) 1 1
x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 (c) x → 3(x  8) (d) x → 1
2 (x  9)
1 1 1 1 1 1
y  8  2x 8 72 7 62 6 52 5 (e) x → 6(x  1) (f ) y  4(x  15)
1 1
(g) y  4(x  8) (h) y  5(x  6)
(f )
x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 3 (a) y  4(x  3) (b) x → 5(x  8)
7  2x 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 (c) x →
1
x  9
1
(d) y  7x  2
2

Formula One Maths Euro Edition Practice Book C2 © 2008, Hodder Education 7 of 17
 5x 3
(e) y   (f ) x → 2 (x  5) 11.5 Curves
3
(g) y  3x  1 (h) y  10x  9 1 (a)
x 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4
1
4 (a) y  7(x  4) (b) y  4x  12 x 2
16 9 4 1 0 1 4 9 16
1
(c) y  5x  6 (d) y  7x  2 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
4
(e) y  3x (f ) x → 2(x  5) yx 4 2
20 13 8 5 4 5 8 13 20
(g) y  2x  5 (h) y  4x  8
(b) y
5 (a) m  4p  1 (b) 321 y  x2  4
1 20
(c) p  4(m  1) (d) 22
16
12
11.3 Plotting graphs 8
1 (a) Check students’ graphs. 4
(b) A(2, 3), B(0, 1), C(0, 7)
(c) 6 square units 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 x
2 (a) Check students’ graphs.
(c) About 16.3 (d) About 3.2 or 3.2
(b) The lines are parallel.
2 (a)
(c) Three equations of the form y  2x  c x 3 2 1 0 1 2 3
3 (a) Check students’ graphs. 2
(b) The lines are perpendicular. 2x 18 8 2 0 2 8 18
4 (2, 13) and y  4x  5 (2, 16) and y  10  3x 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
(4, 0) and y  x  4 (4, 1) and y  9  2x
(3, 13) and y  3x  4 (2, 3) and y  2x  7 y  2x2  7 11 1 5 7 5 1 11
(2, 18) and y  8  5x (b) and (d)
5 (a) (5, 0) and (0, 2)
Check students’ sketches. y
(b) (6, 0) and (0, 8) y  2x2  7 12
Check students’ sketches. 8
6 (a) x  2y  10 (b) x  3y  12
4 y6

4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 x
11.4 The equation of a line 4
1 (a) 8
x 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4
(c) About 2.9 or 2.9
2x 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 (e) About 2.5 or 2.5
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 3 (a)
x 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2
y  2x  5 3 1 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 x 2
25 16 9 4 1 0 1 4
(b) Check students’ graphs. 3x 15 12 9 6 3 0 3 6
(c) 2
y  x2  3x 10 4 0 2 2 0 4 10
(d) (0, 5)
2 (a) 2, (0, 7) (b) 5, (0, 7) (c) 3, (0, 8) (b) and (c)
(d) 12, (0, 1) (e) 6, (0, 5) (f ) 4, (0, 0) y
(g) 1, (0, 8) (h) 9, (0, 6)
12
3 Check students’ graphs. The line goes from (0, 4) to y  x2  3x
(12, 0.8). 8
2
(b) 5 4
(d) (10, 0) and (0, 4) 0
1 5 4 3 2 1 x
4 (a) (i) 1, (0, 1) (ii) 2, (0, 2) (iii) 2, (0, 5) 1 2
yx 4
1
(b) (i) yx1 (ii) y  2x  2 (iii) y  2x  5
(d) x  2 or x  0
5 (a) Check students’ graphs.
4 (a) y
(b) (0, 3) y  (x  1)2
(c) 2 16
(d) y  2x  3 12
6 (a) 3, (0, 7) (b) 4, (0, 8)
(c) 5, (0, 10) (d) 2, (0, 12) 8
yx1
7 Check students’ graphs. The line goes from (6, 0.5) 4
to (10, 4.5).
8 (a) Check students’ graphs. 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 x
1 1
(b) (i) 2 (ii) 
3 (iii) 2 (iv) 2 4
(c) PQRS is a trapezium. (b) x  0 or x  3

Formula One Maths Euro Edition Practice Book C2 © 2008, Hodder Education 8 of 17
12 Construction and bearings 3
4
(a) 1
3
(b) 2 (c) Median because it is higher

5 73 kg, 73 kg, 75 kg, 81 kg

12.1 Using scale drawings
Check students’ scale drawings.
Distances measured from students’ scale drawings may 13.3 Stem-and-leaf diagrams
differ slightly from the answers given.
1 10.2 m 1 (a) 5 1 represents a length of 51 cm
2 25.6 m 1 2 4 7 8 8
3 106 km 2 1 3 4 6 7 7 7 9
4 (a) 1.6 km 3 0 1 1 2 4 5 6 7 9
(b) 1.5 km 4 1 2 4 5 8
5 The cupboard won’t fit. 5 0 1
(b) 31 cm
(c) 39 cm
(d) 27.6%
12.2 Bearings 2 (a) 11 5 represents a score of 115

1 (a) 180° (b) 090° (c) 270° 7 3 7 7 9

(d) 135° (e) 225° 8 0 0 1 5 6 9
2 (a) Cairns 056°, Brisbane 102°, Sydney 122°, 9 1 2 4 7 7 8 9 9
Melbourne 143°, Adelaide 156°, Perth 240°, 10 2 2 3 4 8 8 9
Darwin 342° 11 3 3 4 5
(b) (i) 162° (ii) 236° (iii) 323° 12 1
1
3 (a) Marseille, Reims and Strasbourg (b) 97.5 (c) 3
(b) Bordeaux, Marseille and Strasbourg 3 (a) Before 75%; After 72%
(c) North (b) Before 50%; After 66%
(d) Bordeaux 025°, Calais 173°, Marseille 340°, (c) Students did better after the revision period.
Reims 250°, Strasbourg 273°
4 (a) a  57°, b  33°, c  57°, d  85°, e  33°, f  95°
(b) (i) 237° (ii) 327° (iii) 095°
13.4 Estimating the mean of grouped data
1 (a) 20–24 (b) 16% (c) 19.5
2 (a) 0  a  2 (b) 0  a  2
12.3 Bearings (continued) (c) 2.5% (d) 2.9 years
1 (a) 057° (b) 237° 3 (a)
Volume (v ml) Frequency
2 (a) 310° (b) 130°
480  v  490 8
490  v  500 11
500  v  510 15
13 Working with data 510  v  520 4
13.1 The mean
520  v  530 2
1 (a) 23 (b) 1.8
(c) 7.1 minutes (d) 5.8 hours (b) 500.25 ml
(e) 11.21 seconds (c) Possible answers:
2 22 No, the mean volume is just over 500 ml.
3 (a) 50 (b) 70.74 Yes. Nearly half the bottles hold less than
4 (a) 500 ml.
Number of brothers
0 1 2 3 4 5
and sisters
Frequency 6 8 5 2 3 1

(b) 1.64 (c) 2.64 13.5 Estimating the median of grouped data
1 (a) Circumference (x cm) Cumulative
frequency

13.2 Median, mode and range x  20 28

1 (a) (i) 3 (ii) 5 x  30 123

(b) (i) 2.5 (ii) 5 x  40 325
(c) (i) 4.65 (ii) 1.8
(d) (i) 6 (ii) 14 x  50 539
2 (a) 6.73 x  60 600
(b) 7
(c) 7 (b) Check students’ graphs.
(d) Mode; it is the most popular size (c) 39 cm (d) 60

Formula One Maths Euro Edition Practice Book C2 © 2008, Hodder Education 9 of 17
 1 1 1
2 (a) 3 (a) 8 (b) 1 (c)  (d)  (e) 
Mark (m %) Frequency Frequency 3 2 8
(Maths) (English) 4 (a) 32 (b) 23
5 (a) 260
20  m  30 2 0 6 (a) 30 (b) 400 (c) 5000 (d) 1100
30  m  40 16 2 7 (a) (i)
x 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4
40  m  50 28 25 1 1 1
y  2x 
8

4

2 1 2 4 8 16
50  m  60 41 58
60  m  70 32 54 (ii) Check students’ graphs.
(iii) 3.3
70  m  80 24 18 (b) (i) Students’ graphs should show the data
80  m  90 15 3 below.

90  m  100 2 0 x 2 1 0 1 2 3
1 1
(b) y  3x 
9

3 1 3 9 27
Mark (m %) Cumulative Cumulative
frequency frequency (ii) 2.7
(Maths) (English)
m  30 2 0 14.2 Writing large and small numbers
m  40 18 2 1 (a) 5.2  102 (b) 6  101 (c) 7.2  101
m  50 46 27 (d) 9  103 (e) 1.6  107 (f ) 5  101
(g) 3  103 (h) 7.5  106
m  60 87 85 2 (a) 420 000 (b) 2500
m  70 119 139 (c) 808 000 000 (d) 60.32
(e) 0.0099 (f ) 0.4
m  80 143 157 (g) 0.000 202 3 (h) 0.000 009 8
m  90 158 160 3 (a) 1  102 (b) 1  104 (c) 1  101
(d) 1  107 (e) 5.5  10 9
(f ) 1  106
m  100 160 160 4  103, 0.0052, 102, 6.1  102, 1
1
0 , 5.7  10 ,
2
4
(c) Check students’ graphs. six hundred, 6.5  10 , 5.6  10 , 45 000
2 3

(d) Maths 58%; English 59% 5 Multiply or divide the numbers and add or subtract
(e) English, marks are slightly higher and less the powers.
spread out. (a) 8  105 (b) 6  109 (c) 1.5  107
(d) 4  101 (e) 3  102
13.6 Estimating spread
1 (a) (i) 40% (ii) 30% (iii) 50% (iv) 20%
14.3 Standard form on the calculator
(b) 40 (c) 15 1 (a) 2.24  1013 (b) 140
2 (a) (c) 20 480 (d) 6.400 35  108
Wingspan Cumulative (e) 2  1013 (f ) 5  1014
(w cm) frequency (g) 1.225  109 (h) 2.56  1010
(i) 3.968  103
w  12 14 2 (a) (i) 1  1025 (ii) 1  10100 (iii) 1  10250
w  13 53 (b) It could be 9.99…  1099
3 106 or a million times (9.09  105)
w  14 120 4 (a) 3 seconds (b) 5 seconds
1
w  15 168 (c) 4 km or 22 miles
w  16 190 5 (a) 500 seconds  8 minutes 20 seconds
(b) 19 700 seconds  5 hours 28 minutes
w  17 200 (c) (i) 6.3  1011 m (ii) 7.8  1011 m
(b) Check students’ graphs.
(c) (i) 13.7 cm (ii) 12.9 cm
(iii) 14.6 cm (iv) 1.7 cm
15 Formulae
(d) 30 (e) 55 15.1 Formulae
(f ) The wingspan is generally bigger now since the 1 (a) 63.6 cm2 (b) 10.4 m (c) 2216.9 cm3
median is higher. The population shows more (d) 4.6 hours (e) 12.6 m2
variation now since the interquartile range is 2 (a) 4.1 cm (b) 20.7 cm (c) 4.5 cm
greater. (d) 1050 m (e) 8 cm
3 (a) C  25  22n  0.40m
14 Indices and standard form (b) €101 (c) 40 km

14.1 Using indices 15.2 Rearranging formulae

1 (a) 57 (b) 28 (c) 86 (d) 1014 (e) 59 1
(f ) 62 (g) 223 (h) 82 (i) 205 ( j) 75 1 (a) x  3y (b) x  3y (c) x  y  4
1 1
2 (a) 46 (b) 512 (c) 68 (d) x  y  4 (e) x  4(y  1) (f ) x  2(y  5)

Formula One Maths Euro Edition Practice Book C2 © 2008, Hodder Education 10 of 17
 yc
(g) x  2y  1 (h) x  3(y  5) (i) x   2 4.45 kg
m
y 3 (a) 5.5 g to 6.5 g, 0.5 g
( j) x  2y  4 (k) x  4(y  5) (l) x    b (b) 7.45 cm to 7.55 cm, 0.05 cm
a
(c) 39.5 litres to 40.5 litres, 0.5 litres
vu S  360 (d) 18.425 m to 18.435 m, 0.005 m
2 (a) a   (b) n  
t 180 (e) 5.6995 kg to 5.7005 kg, 0.0005 kg
C 4 (a) 350 to 450 (b) 71.5 km to 72.5 km
(c) B  360  A  C  D (d) d  
(c) 4.75 to 4.85 (d) 675 to 685
100I I (e) 4.755 to 4.765 (f ) 595 to 605
(e) P   (f ) v    u (g) 599.5 to 600.5
RT m
5 (a) Maximum area  15.5  20.5  317.5 m2 and
F P three packets is only enough for 300 m2
(g) a   (h) h  
m mg (b) At least 56.5 m
2s v2  u2 6 The frame and the door could both be 2.645 m in
(i) v    u ( j) a   which case they would jam.
t 2s
7 352.5 g to 357.5 g

A
(k) r   (l) u  v
as
2
 2
4

h
5y2 3V
(m) x   (n) r 
2 16.3 Estimating answers

2E
(o) v   1 (a) 802  6400, (iii) is correct
m (b) 400
  20, (i) is correct
C  70 (c) (20  10)  10  300, (iii) is correct
3 (a) n   (b) 8 (d) 3  42  48, (i) is correct
12
2 (a) (i) 200 20  10 (ii) 9.08

3V
3
4 (a) 267.9 cm3 (b) r   (c) 10.7 cm (b) (i) 3  202  1200 (ii) 794
4 (c) (i) 10 2
62  8 (ii) 7.85
1 pq (d) (i) 20  8  20  3200 (ii) 3240
5 (a) (i) 12 (ii) 72 (b) x  
2p  q 10  30
(e) (i)   400 (ii) 403
0.1
(f) (i) 30 0 5  1500
 (ii) 40.4
 1600
  40
16 Accuracy (g) (i) 700 7  100 (ii) 105
3
(h) (i) 1255 (ii) 4.95
16.1 Accuracy 3 About 30 000 to 40 000
1 (a) 500 (b) 100 4 About 21 000 km to 30 000 km
(c) 5700 (d) 69 100 5 About 8000 km to 10 000 km
(e) 3800 6 About 200 km per week; 6000 200  30 weeks, so
2 (a) 2.07 (b) 16.84 she will reach a total of 6 months first
(c) 0.05 (d) 5.39 7 About 50  30  €4  €6000; an over-estimate
(e) 14.98
3 (a) 53 700 (b) 522
(c) 0.002 07 (d) 5.24
(e) 0.411
4 (a) 500 (b) 7 17 Three dimensions
(c) 0.03 (d) 60 000 17.1 Viewing solids
(e) 0.0005
5 (a) 3.16 (b) 15.7 1 (a) Tetrahedron
(c) 0.143 (d) 8.66 (b) Pentagonal prism
(e) 5.11 (c) Octagonal prism
6 (a) Rounding too early or twice; the answer should 2 Check students’ diagrams.
be 4.5 The side elevation is a parallelogram.
(b) The third figure is the zero; the answer should be 3 Check students’ diagrams.
16 100

4 cm 4 cm
9 cm
16.2 Range of values
1 (a) (i) 182.5 cm
(ii) 183.5 cm Plan Elevation
(iii) 182.5 cm to 183.5 cm 4 (a) A, C, E; B, D, G; G, J, K or E, I, L
(b) (i) 69.5 kg to 70.5 kg (b) E, F, G, H
(ii) €2.50 to €3.50 (c) A, B, J, I (or C, D, K, L) and B, D, J, K
(iii) 12.75 seconds to 12.85 seconds (or A, C, L, I)
(iv) 5.55 kg to 5.65 kg (d) A, B, G, K, L, E

Formula One Maths Euro Edition Practice Book C2 © 2008, Hodder Education 11 of 17
17.2 Planes of symmetry 3 (a) 8
(b) Wednesday and Friday
1 (a) CFQN, EBOR
(c) 3
(b) Yes
(c) 2 (d) Tuesday
2 (a) 6 4 (a)
(b) 4
3 (a) MOSQ, PNRT, ACGE, BDHF
(b) Nine altogether: UVWX, ABHG, CDEF, ADFG,

Water level (metres)

3
BCHE plus those in (a)
4 (a) (i) 5 (ii) 5 (iii) 2
(b) No 2

1
17.3 Cylinders
1 (a) 75.4 cm3, 100.5 cm2
(b) 150.8 cm3, 175.9 cm2 0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
(c) 8.4 mm3, 25.1 mm2
Time after midnight (hours)
(d) 628.3 m3, 408.4 m2
2 (a) 442 litres (b) About 2.3 m (c) 8.45 am
(b) 442 kg
3 962 cm2 5 (a) (b)

Water level

Water level
4
3 cm

t t
4 cm
(c) (d)
18.8 cm
Water level

Water level
3 cm

t t
5 (a) 1571 cm3
(b) 10
6 2121 cm3
7 (a) 2 cm, 8 cm3
(b) 4 cm, 64 cm3 18.2 Working with equations of graphs
1 (a) A  x(x  5)
 x2  5x
(b) The width of a rectangle is positive so x must be
greater than 5.
(c)
18 Real life graphs x 5 6 7 8 9 10
18.1 Shapes of graphs x2 25 36 49 64 81 100
1 (a) 5x 25 30 35 40 45 50
140 y  x  5x
Pulse rate (beats per minute)

2
0 6 14 24 36 50
120
(d) A
100
80 50
y  x2  5x
60
40
40
20 30
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 20
Time (minutes)
(b) 3rd minute 10
(c) 6th minute
(d) 3.6 minutes 0 x
2 4 6 8 10
2 (a) (i) 12.5 ms1 (ii) 18.5 ms1
(b) (i) 1.9 seconds (ii) 5.15 seconds (e) About 8.5 cm

Formula One Maths Euro Edition Practice Book C2 © 2008, Hodder Education 12 of 17
2 (a) h 2 (b) (i) A has vertices at (0, 0), (0, 3), (1, 4) and
4x x2 (1, 1).
y 
20 3 45 (ii) B has vertices at (0, 0), (0, 3), (1, 4) and
(1, 1).
10 (c) (i) C has vertices at (2, 2), (1, 2), (2, 3) and
(1, 3).
x
(ii) Rotation through 90° anticlockwise about
0 20 40 60 (2, 0)
3 (b) (i) A has vertices at (1, 0), (2, 0) and
(b) 20 m (2, 2).
(c) About 18.4 m and 41.6 m (ii) B has vertices at (1, 3), (0, 3) and (0, 1).
(d) Less than 60 m (c) Rotation through 180° about (1, 1.5)
3 (a) V (e) (i) D has vertices at (3, 3), (4, 3) and (4, 5).
(ii) E has vertices at (3, 3), (4, 3) and
125 V  x3  4x2
(4, 5).
(f ) Rotation through 180° about (1, 1.5)
100 4 (a) (iii) A has vertices at (0, 2), (0, 3) and (2, 2).
(iv) B has vertices at (0, 2), (0, 1) and (2, 2).
75 (v) Rotation through 90° clockwise about (2, 2)
(b) (i) A has vertices at (0, 2), (0, 3) and (2, 2).
50 B has vertices at (4, 2), (4, 3) and (2, 2).
Rotation 90° anticlockwise about (2, 2)
25 (ii) A has vertices at (1, 3), (1, 4) and (1, 3).
B has vertices at (1, 3), (1, 2) and (1, 3).
0 x Rotation 90° clockwise about (2, 3)
1 2 3 4
(c) (i) Rotation 90° anticlockwise about (1, 3)
3
(b) About 74 cm (ii) A has vertices at (2, 4), (2, 5) and (0, 4).
(c) About 3.5 cm B has vertices at (4, 4), (4, 5) and (2, 4).
1 1
4 (a) Area  2bh  2(35  h)h  150
(35  h)h  300
35h  h2  300 19.2 Enlargement and similar figures
(c) y
1 (a) (i) Enlargement centre (1, 0), scale factor 3
350 (ii) Enlargement centre (7, 0), scale factor 2
(b) (i) They are the same.
y  35h  h2 (ii) They are the same.
300
2 (b) ABCD has vertices at (8, 4), (12, 4), (14, 8) and
250 (8, 8).
(c) ABCD has vertices at (8, 6), (14, 6), (17, 12)
and (8, 12).
200
(d) Enlargement centre (8, 0), scale factor 1.5
3 (b) ABCD has vertices at (7, 3), (13, 3), (13, 7) and
150
(7, 7).
(c) ABCD has vertices at (0, 4), (12, 4), (12, 12)
100 and (0, 12).
(d) (i) 1 : 2 : 4 (ii) 1 : 4 : 16
50 (e) (i) 1 : 3 : 9 (ii) 1 : 9 : 81
4 (b) A has vertices at (3, 6), (6, 15), (9, 12) and (6, 6).
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 h B has vertices at (1, 2), (4, 11), (7, 8) and (4, 2).
Enlargement centre (1, 2), scale factor 3
h  15 cm or 20 cm (c) C has vertices at (1, 4), (4, 13), (7, 10) and (4, 4).
1
(d) b  h  172 cm D has vertices at (1, 0), (4, 9), (7, 6) and (4, 0).
Enlargement centre (1, 3), scale factor 3
(d) E has vertices at (1, 6), (4, 15), (7, 12) and (4, 6).
F has vertices at (5, 8), (8, 17), (11, 14) and (8, 8).
Enlargement centre (1, 1), scale factor 3
(e) Enlargement centre (1, 1), scale factor 3
19 Transformations G has vertices at (3, 0), (6, 9), (9, 6) and (6, 0).
H has vertices at (1, 4), (4, 13), (7, 10) and (4, 4).
19.1 Transformations (f ) The single transformation which replaces an
1 (a) Reflection in y  1 enlargement centre (a, b), scale factor k, followed


(b) Rotation through 90° anticlockwise about (0, 1) c
by a translation of is an enlargement centre
d
 
3
(c) Translation
1 c d
(d) Rotation through 90° clockwise about (1, 1) a  2, b  2, scale factor k.
Formula One Maths Euro Edition Practice Book C2 © 2008, Hodder Education 13 of 17
19.3 Fractional enlargements 20.3 Solving inequalities
1
1 (a) (i) Enlargement centre (9, 3), scale factor 
2
1 (a) 6w (b) 6w  2
1 (c) 6w  2 50, w 8
(ii) Enlargement centre (7, 2), scale factor 
3 2 (a) 3a  6(a  1)  9a  6 (b) 9a  6 30, a 4
(b) (i) 2 : 1, 4 : 1 (ii) 3 : 1, 9 : 1 3 (a) x 6 (b) x 3 (c) x 16
2 (b) ABCD has vertices at (6, 9), (7, 7), (7, 5) and (d) x 0 (e) x 9 (f ) x 2
(5, 5). (g) x 2 (h) x 10
(c) ABCD has vertices at (10, 7), (10.5, 6), 4 (a) x 0 (b) x 3 (c) x 2
(10.5, 5) and (9.5, 5). (d) x 1 (e) x 1.5 (f ) x 1
1
(d) Enlargement centre (14, 5), scale factor 2 (g) x 4 (h) x 0.5
3 (a) (i) 1 : 50 (ii) 8 cm 5 Check students’ graphs.
(b) 20 cm2 The points (3, 2), (4, 2), (5, 2), (6, 2), (3, 3), (4, 3),
4 (a) 96 cm2 (b) 64 cm3 (5, 3), (3, 4), (4, 4) and (3, 5) should be circled.
(c) (i) 2 cm (ii) 24 cm2 (iii) 8 cm3 6 Check students’ graphs.
The points (0, 1), (1, 1), (2, 1), (3, 1), (4, 1), (1, 2),
1
(d) (i)  100%  71% (2, 2), (3, 2) and (2, 3) should be circled.
2 
1
(ii) 
3 100%  79%
2
21 Probability
21.1 Calculating probabilities
20 Inequalities 1 (a)
1
 (b)
4

5 5
20.1 Inequalities 17

23

2 (a) 40 (b) 40
1 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) 2 2
3 (a)  (b) 
(f ) (g) (h) (i) ( j) 3 3
1
(k) (l) (c)  (d) 0
3
2 (a) w 3.5 2
(e) 
(b) 8 p 15 3
(c) 200 p 400 4 (a) (i)
1
 (ii)
3
 (b) 75
4 4
(d) 44 100 s 44 300
8 2 7 1
3 (a) 2, 3, 4 (b) 2, 1, 0, 1 5 (a)   
36 9 (b)   
35 5
(c) 1, 2, 3 (d) 0, 1 6 3 10 2
6 (a)    (b)   
(e) 4 (f ) 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 16 8 15 3
(g) 4, 5, 6 (h) 1, 0, 1 8 2 19
(i) 6 0  15
7 (a)  (ii) 
60
(i) 6, 5, 4, 3, 2 ( j) 2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 48 4 20 1
(k) 4, 5, 6 (l) 1, 0, 1, 2 (iii) 60  5 (iv)   
60 3

(b) (i) 160 (ii) 620 (iii) 940

20.2 Inequalities on the number line

1 (a) 4 x 3 21.2 Combined outcomes
(b) x 2 1 (a) TRA TAR RAT
(c) 2 x 5 RTA ART ATR
(d) 5 x 0 1 3 1 1
(b) (i)  (ii)    (iii) 6
2 (a) 6 6 2
654321 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
2 (a) 235 253 325
352 523 532
(b) 654321 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 (b) (i)
2 1
   (ii) 0
2 1
(iii) 6  3 (iv)
1

6 3 6
(c) 27
(c) 654321 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 3 (a) Serviced
A B C D E
(d) 654321 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 A B, A C, A D, A E, A
B A, B C, B D, B E, B
(e) 654321 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Cleaned C A, C B, C D, C E, C
D A, D B, D C, D E, D
(f ) 654321 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
E A, E B, E C, E D, E
3 (a) 3 x 12 (b) 3 x 2
(b) Because two lorries are not used each day.
(c) 3 x 6 (d) 2 x 3
(c) 20
(e) 1 x 1 (f ) 4 x 2 8 2 12 3 12 3
(d) (i)    (ii)    (iii) 20  5
4 (a) 60 000 v 120 000 (b) 0 b  g 32 20 5 20 5
(c) 0 a  c 240 (d) t 72 (e) 24

Formula One Maths Euro Edition Practice Book C2 © 2008, Hodder Education 14 of 17
21.3 Estimating probabilities 22.2 Trigonometrical ratios
5 6
1 (a) (i)   0.17
30 (ii)   0.2
30
1 (d) sin 35°  0.5735
6 24 cos 35°  0.8191
(iii)   0.2 (iv)   0.8
30 30 tan 35°  0.7002
(b) (i) 4 (ii) 4 2 (a) (i) A, O (ii) tan  2.2
8
  0.08
10
  0.1
(b) (i) A, O (ii) tan  0.5
2 (a) (i) (ii)
100 100 (c) (i) H, A (ii) cos  0.625
72 98
(iii)   0.72
100 (iv)   0.98
100
(d) (i) O, H (ii) sin  0.7777
92 (e) (i) A, H (ii) cos  0.6307
(v)   0.92
100 (f ) (i) H, O (ii) sin  0.38
(b) (i) 5 (ii) 2 (g) (i) H, A (ii) cos  0.6964
3 (a) 0.25 (h) (i) O, A (ii) tan  0.6481
(c) The experimental probability gets closer to 0.25. 3 (a) 0.6, 0.8, 0.75
(d) The experimental probability would be very close (b) 0.3846, 0.9230, 0.4166
to or equal to the theoretical probability. (c) 0.5077, 0.8615, 0.5892
(d) 0.8615, 0.5076, 1.6969
(e) 0.8, 0.6, 1.3333
22 Trigonometry (f ) 0.4235, 0.9058, 0.4675
(g) 0.28, 0.96, 0.2916
22.1 Right-angled triangles (h) 0.96, 0.28, 3.4285
4 (a) (i) 11.25 m (ii) 0.96, 0.28, 3.4285
1 (a) (b) A (b) (i) 8.6 m (ii) 0.6, 0.8, 0.75
(c) (i) 7.92 m (ii) 0.8615, 0.5077, 1.6969
H O (d) (i) 2.2 m (ii) 0.6896, 0.7241, 0.9523
O H

A
22.3 Finding lengths
(c) (d) O
1 (a) 16.40 cm (b) 7.5 cm (c) 15.59 cm
H (d) 13.74 cm (e) 14.23 m (f ) 11.48 cm
A
A H (g) 4.65 m (h) 19.02 cm
2 (a) 2.78 cm, 8.56 cm (b) 8.49 cm, 8.49 cm
O (c) 1.94 cm, 10.19 cm (d) 9.74 cm, 17.89 cm
(e) 1.65 cm, 9.36 cm (f ) 6.48 cm, 10.77 cm
(e) H (f ) O (g) 12.45 m, 13.82 m (h) 12.30 cm, 14.2 cm
A A (i) 5.22 m, 6.45 m ( j) 4.53 cm, 12.64 cm
O (k) 10.46 cm, 17.80 cm (l) 27.68 m, 17.97 m
H 3 (a) 2.73 m (b) 0.99 m
4 (a) 9.58 cm (b) 8.03 cm
(g) (h) A
H 5 South: 28.68 km, east: 40.96 km
O

A O
H
22.4 Finding angles
1 (a) 50.00° (b) 40.00° (c) 29.98° (d) 18.00°
2 (a) (ii) 0.6, 0.8, 0.75 (e) 72.00° (f ) 54.46° (g) 64.00° (h) 81.89°
(b) (ii) 0.9230, 0.3846, 2.4 (i) 8.11° ( j) 75.82° (k) 61.40° (l) 41.68°
(c) (ii) 0.96, 0.28, 3.4285 (m) 18.42° (n) 60.26° (o) 22.64° (p) 44.59°
(d) (ii) 0.96, 0.28, 3.4285 2 (a) 35.69° (b) 59.74° (c) 62.18° (d) 68.96°
(e) (ii) 0.6, 0.8, 0.75 (e) 31.79° (f ) 43.49° (g) 71.79° (h) 24.26°
(f ) (ii) 0.6, 0.8, 0.75 (i) 41.18° ( j) 37.17° (k) 76.82° (l) 57.64°
(g) (ii) 0.6575, 0.7534, 0.8727 3 17.16°
(h) (ii) 0.8823, 0.4705, 1.875 4 (a) N
(i) (ii) 0.9230, 0.3846, 2.4
( j) (ii) 0.8823, 0.4705, 1.875 60 km
(k) (ii) 0.8615, 0.5077, 1.6969 Q R
(l) (ii) 0.4235, 0.9058, 0.4675
Triangles (a), (e) and (f ) are similar.
Triangles (b) and (i) are similar. 45 km
Triangles (c) and (d) are similar.
Triangles (h) and ( j) are similar.
3 (a) (i) 17 cm (ii) 0.4235, 0.9058, 0.4675
(b) (i) 1.6 m (ii) 0.8823, 0.4705, 1.875 P
(c) (i) 4.8 cm (ii) 0.96, 0.28, 3.4285 (b) 053° (c) 75 km (d) 233°
(d) (i) 20.8 cm (ii) 0.8823, 0.4705, 1.875 5 33.34°
Triangles (b) and (d) are similar. 6 (a) 2.35 m (b) 4.59 m (c) 27.11°

Formula One Maths Euro Edition Practice Book C2 © 2008, Hodder Education 15 of 17
23 Reasoning 3 Using the diagram:
A B
23.1 Proof
1 Check students’ counter-examples.
2 Check students’ counter-examples.
Counter-examples include 27, 35, 51, 77, 87, 93 and 95. D C
3 Check students’ proofs by exhaustion.  

4 Check students’ counter-examples. ABD  BDC (Alternate angles)

 
Counter-examples include 36 and 1225. ADB  DBC (Alternate angles)
5 If a  b  c and if a  x  c this can only be true if    

So ABD  DBC  BDC  ADB.

x  b. Therefore two cells must contain the same
So opposite angles in a parallelogram are equal.
number and so it cannot be a magic square.  
6 For four letters the number of different ‘words’ is 24, 4 (a) ABC  BCE (Alternate angles)
not 2 4  8. 

BA C  ECD


(Corresponding angles)
7 The rule starts to break down for totals greater than   

5, disproving Bethany’s conjecture. BCA  BCE  ECD  180°

(Angles on a straight line
Total (p) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 sum to 180°.)
  

Number of ways 1 2 3 4 5 7 8 So BCA  BAC  ABC  180°.

(b) Quadrilaterals can be split into two triangles, so
the sum of the interior angles  2 180°  360°.


5 BED  180°  30° (Angles on a straight line

23.2 Using algebra for proof  150° sum to 180°.)


1 (a) (iii) and (iv) (b) (i) and (v) CBE  360°  150°  40°  50°
(c) (ii) (d) (v)  120° (Sum of the interior angles of
2 Let the numbers at the corners be a, b, c and d. a quadrilateral)

Sum of the corner numbers  a  b  c  d. ABE  180°  120° (Angles on a straight line
Sum of the side numbers  60° sum to 180°.)
abbccdda
 2(a  b  c  d).
Therefore the sum of the side numbers is twice the
sum of the corner numbers.
3 (a) a, b, a  b, a  2b, 2a  3b, 3a  5b, 5a  8b,
8a  13b, 13a  21b, 21a  34b, 34a  55b, 23.4 Proof in geometry: circles
55a  89b
1 (a) Triangle BOC is isosceles. (OB  OC, both are
(b) (i) 1st term  4th term  a  a  2b  2a  2b
radii)
which is twice the second term (a  b).  

(ii) Sum of first six terms  8a  12b, but the 5th So OBC  OCB  35°

term is 2a  3b and 4(2a  3b)  8a  12b. BOC  180°  2 35°  110° (Angles in a
(iii) Sum of first 10 terms  55a  88b, but the triangle sum to
7th term is 5a  8b and 11 times this is 180°.)
55a  88b. 

BOA  180°  110°  70° (Angles on a

4 (a) Top left number  bottom right number straight line sum
 x  (x  22) to 180°.)
 2x  22
Top right number  bottom left number Triangle BOA is isosceles. (OA  OB, both are
 (x  2)  (x  20) radii)


 2x  22 ABO  (180  70)  2  55° (Angles in a

So the sums are equal. triangle sum to
(b) Sums in (a)  2x  22. 180°.)
22 more than twice the top left number  22  2x.


(b) OC D  55°  35°  20°

So this result is always true. Proof similar to (a).


2 (a) TOS  360°  260°  100° (Angles round a

point sum to
23.3 Proof in geometry: angles 360°.)
Triangle TOS is isosceles. (TO  SO, both are
1 (a) Angles on a straight line sum to 180° (both radii)
times)  

(b) Check students’ proofs. So OT S  OS T



OT S  (180°  100°)  2


2 (a) VRS  80° (Angles on a straight line sum to (Angles of a


180°.)  40° triangle sum to
(b) VSR  90° (given) 180°.)
  
SVR  180°  90°  80° (Angles in a triangle (b) SOR  180°  TOS (Angles on a
 10° sum to 180°.)  180°  100°  80° straight line sum
 

(c) SVU  90° (Alternate angle with VSR.) to 180°.)

Formula One Maths Euro Edition Practice Book C2 © 2008, Hodder Education 16 of 17
3 (a) (i) Triangle MOQ is isosceles. (OM  OQ, 4 Triangle ABC is equilateral

both are So BAC  60°
radii) 

BOC  2


BAC  120°(Angle at the centre is

 

So OQM  OMQ  40° twice the angle at the



QOM  180°  2 40°  100° (Angles in a circumference.)

triangle sum 5 Triangles POQ and ROQ are both (OQ, OP and
to 180°.) isosceles. OR are radii)
   


(ii) QON  180°  100°  80° (Angles on a OP Q  OQP and OQR  ORQ
  
straight line Therefore (OP Q  ORQ)  PQR
sum to 180°.) 

but POR  2


PQR (Angle at the centre is twice

(iii) Triangle NOQ is isosceles. (ON  OQ, the angle at the
both are circumference.)
radii)   
  So POR  2 (OP Q  OR Q)
So OQN = ONQ


ONQ  (180°  80°)  2  50° (Angles in a

triangle sum 23.5 Logic
to 180°.)
So x  50° 1 Only one way, each person gets €500.
  2 The ages are 7, 8, 10, 10 and 11.
(iv) PNM = QMN (Alternate 3 Six journeys are needed.
angles are 4 Bolts: 54 kg, 62 kg, 50 kg
equal.) Rods: 30 kg, 53 kg
So y  40° Nuts: 49 kg


(b) MQN  180°  40°  50°  90° (Angles in a 5 Amber passed maths and English but failed history.
triangle sum Barry passed maths, English and history.
to 180°.) Caitlin passed English but failed maths and history.

Formula One Maths Euro Edition Practice Book C2 © 2008, Hodder Education 17 of 17