POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS I (EEE 471)
Transmission Line Models:
Short and Medium Line Models
Prof. Dr. Saffet AYASUN
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Gazi University
Transmission Line Modeling
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Classification of Overhead Transmission Lines
A transmission line has three constants R, L and C
distributed uniformly along the whole length of the line.
The resistance and inductance form the series impedance.
The capacitance existing between conductors for 1-phase
line or from a conductor to neutral for a 3-phase line forms
a shunt path throughout the length of the line.
Short transmission lines: When the length of an overhead transmission line is upto
about 50 km and the line voltage is comparatively low (< 20 kV), it is usually
considered as a short transmission line. Due to smaller length and lower voltage, the
capacitance effects are small and hence can be neglected. Therefore, while studying
the performance of a short transmisison line, only resistance and inductance of the
line are taken into account.
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Classification of Overhead Transmission Lines
Medium transmission lines: When the length of an
overhead transmission line is about 50- 150 km and the line
voltage is moderatly high (>20 kV < 100 kV), it is
considered as a medium transmission line. Due to sufficient
length and voltage of the line, the capacitance effects are
taken into account. For purposes of calculations, the
distributed capacitance of the line is divided and lumped in
the form of condensers shunted across the line at one or
more points.
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Classification of Overhead Transmission Lines
Long transmission lines: When the length of an overhead
transmission line is more than 150 km and line voltage is
very high (> 100 kV), it is considered as a long transmission
line. For the treatment of such a line, the line constants are
considered uniformly distributed over the whole length of
the line and rigorous methods are employed for solution.
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ABCD Two-Port Network
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Performance Analysis: Voltage Regulation
While studying the performance of a transmission line, it
is desirable to determine its voltage regulation and
transmission efficiency.
Voltage regulation.
Transmission efficiency
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Performance Analysis: Efficiency
Sending end power
Total line power losses:
Transmission line efficiency:
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Short Transmission Line Model
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Short Transmission Line Model
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Two-Port Representation
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Phasor Diagram of Short Line Model
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Example 1
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Example 1
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Example 2
A three-phase, 50Hz, transmission line has a length of 20 km, the impedance per
phase is 1.8 10-4 + j 3.6 10-4 ohm/m. 3000kVA delivered to the load where
receiving-end voltage is given by 12 kV, load power factor is 0.80 lagging,
determine the followings:
a) ABCD Line Parameters
b) Receiving End Current
c) Sending End Voltage
d) Sending End Current
e) Sending End Active Power
f) Sending End Reactive Power
g) Percent Voltage Regulation
h) Active Power Line Losses
i) Reactive Power Line Losses
j) Transmission Line Efficiency
It will solved on the board….
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Example 3 (Reactive Power Compensation)
A three-phase, 50Hz, transmission line has a length of 20 km, the impedance per
phase is 1.8 10-4 + j 3.6 10-4 ohm/m. 3000kVA delivered to the load where
receiving-end voltage is given by 12 kV, load power factor is 0.99 lagging,
determine the followings:
a) ABCD Line Parameters
b) Receiving End Current
c) Sending End Voltage
d) Sending End Current
e) Sending End Active Power
f) Sending End Reactive Power
g) Percent Voltage Regulation
h) Active Power Line Losses
i) Reactive Power Line Losses
j) Transmission Line Efficiency
It will solved on the board….
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Example 4
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Example 4
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Medium Transmission Line Models
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Medium Transmission Line Model
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Two-Port Representation
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Example 1
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Example I
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Example I
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Example 2
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Example 2
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Example 3
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Example 3
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Example 3
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Example 4
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Example 4
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USE OF MATLAB PROGRAMS
Two MATLAB functions are written for computation of transmission
matrix.
Function [ Z, Y, ABCD ] = rlc2abcd(r, L, C, g, r, Length)
is used when resistance in ohm, inductance in mH and capacitance
in mF per unit length are specified
Function [Z, Y, ABCD ] = zy2abcd(z, y, Length)
is used when series impedance in ohm and shunt admittance in
siemens per unit length are specified.
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USE OF MATLAB PROGRAM: EXAMPLE I
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USE OF MATLAB PROGRAM: RESULTS
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USE OF MATLAB PROGRAM: EXAMPLE II
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USE OF MATLAB PROGRAM: EXAMPLE II
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USE OF MATLAB PROGRAM: RESULTS
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Homework: Medium Line Model
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Homework: Medium Line Model
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Homework: Medium Line Model
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