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1 8720akrotata
1 8720akrotata
gr
y
f. f x0
f x0 . Cf
f
x0 f x0 . x x0 x
y
x0 A
0 f x f x0 x A x0 ,x0 .
x0 f x0 .
f x0 f
f x0 A f x0 .
y
f. Cf
f x0 . f x0
f
x0 f x0 . x x0 x
y
x0 A
0 f x f x0 x A x0 ,x0 .
x0 f x0 .
f x0 f
f x0 A f x0 .
f
f .
f
f.
.
1
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x0
x0
f x0 0
x0
y
x0
f (x0)
0 (x0 ,x0 )
f(x) f(x0 ) x A (x0 ,x0 ) . (1)
x0
f(x) f(x 0 ) f(x) f(x 0 )
f (x 0 ) lim lim . O x0δ x0 x0+δ x
x x0 x x0 x x0 x x0
f(x) f(x 0 )
— x (x0 ,x0 ) 0
x x0
f(x) f(x 0 )
f (x 0 ) lim 0 (2)
x x0 x x0
f(x) f(x 0 )
— x (x0 ,x0 ) 0
x x0
f(x) f(x 0 )
f (x 0 ) lim 0. (3)
x x0 x x0
f (x0 ) 0
f
Cf
1.
2. x
O x0 x1 x2
3.
( ,)
x0
2
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f (x) 0 x ( ,x0 ) x0
f(x 0 ) ( ,)
( ,)
x0 f (x)
(,x0 ) (x0 ,) f(x0 )
( ,) .
3
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1.
f x x 3 3x 2 5x 1
1
f x x 2 2x 3
3
f f x x2 6x 5 .
f x 0 x 2 6x 5 0 x 1 x5. x 1 5
f x 0 x 1 x5 f f + - +
,1 f
[ ] [
5, .
f x 0 x 1,5 f 1,5 .
f 1 13 3 12 5 1 1
1 4
x 1
3 3
f 5 5 3 52 5 5 1 .
1 3 28
x5
3 3
x2 2x 3 0 x 3 x 1 0 x 1
x 1
f x 0 x 1. x 1 1 3
x 2 2x 3 f 0 +
x3 f x 0 f 3,
f
] [
x 1 f x 0 f , 1 .
f f 1 0 f 3 0 .
x 2 , x 1
2. : f x x 1
e , x 1
lim f x lim e x 1 1 f 2x + +
x 1 x 1
e x 1 + + +
x 1 x 1 f
f + +
f x 2x
x 1 f f
[
f x e x 1 .
x 0 , f x 0 f2 ,0
] Τ.
T.E [
x 0,1 f x 0 f10,1
x 1 f x 0 f11, f x 1
4
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0, x 1.
f f 0 0 .
3.
x 3 1, x 0
x2 , x 1
f x g x 1 , x 0
x 1, x 1 x2 , x 0
y
lim f x lim x 2 1 f 1 lim f x lim x 1 0 ,
x 1 x 1 x 1 x 1
f x0 1 . 1
x 1 , f x 2x 0 x 0
O
x 1, f x 1 0 .
f
,0 x 0 1
0,1 1, 2x + +
f 1 1 lim f x lim f x , 1 +
x 1 x 1
f x 1 f + +
f 1 1 x0 f ] T.E
[ [
f 0 0 .
x 0 x 0
lim g x lim x 3 1 1, x 0
lim g x lim x 2 0 g 0 1, 3x
2
+ +
x 0 x 0
g x0 0 . 2x +
x 0 , g x 3x 0 2
g g + +
,0
x0 g x 2x 0 g
g [ [
0, . y
g 0 lim g x lim g x ,
x 0 x 0
g x0 g0 3 .
O
1
4. , f x x 3 x 2 3x 1
x1 1 x2 1
5
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f x1,x 2
f x 3x2 2x 3
f 1 0 3 2 3 0 (1)
Fermat
f 1 0
3 2 3 0
6 6 0 6 6 1
3 2 3 0 0 .
1 0 f x x3 3x 1, f x 3x 2 3
f x 0 3x2 3 0 x 2 1 x 1 x 1
x 1 f x 0 f1 , 1 ,
x 1 1
x 1,1 f x 0 f 21,1 f + - +
x 1 f x 0 f11, f
[ ] [
f x1 1
x2 1 .
5.
f x 2 x 2 x 2 2 x
2
f
0, 2
f (x) 2xx 2x x 2x 2 .
0, x 1 0,
2 2 2
f (x) 0 x 2x 2 0 2x 2 0 x x
2 4 4
x 0, f x 0 f1 0, x ,
4 4 4 2
f x 0 f2 ,
4 2
x0 f(0) 2 2 x
4
1
f 2 2 f 1 2 .
4 2 2
6.
2f 3 x 6f x 2x 3 6x 1, f
f x0 ,
Fermat f x0 0 .
2f x 6f x 2x
3 3
6x 1 6f 2 x f x 6f x 6x 2 6 x x0 ,
6
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0 0
6f 2 x0 f x 0 6 f x0 6x02 6 6x02 6 0 6x02 6 x 02 1
f
7. 0
f x x e2x , x 0
f 0
f x x e 1 2 x
x e 2 x
x1e2x x 0 x
0x f x 0 f1 0, x
f x 0 f , f f e .
g e e ln e e ln , 0 g 0
g e ln ln 2 0 ln 2 e2 .
0,e2
g 0 g2 0,e2 x e2
g 0 g1 e2 , g e2 .
f x x x x ,
2 2 2
8.
f
f x 2 x x x 2 x x x 2 x x x
2 2 2 2 2 2
f x 2 x x x x x x x x x
f x 2 x x x 3x 2 2 x .
f
x 3x 2 x .
2
x 1 2
x + + + + +
x + + +
x +
x + + + +
f + + +
f
] [ ] [ ] [
7
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9. y
f,g
Cf
, , f( )
AB Cg
g( )
Cf Cg
Cf Cg O x
A ,f B ,f
AB Cf Cg x ,
f x g x h x f x g x , x , .
, h x f x g x
,
Fermat h 0 f g 0 f g .
Cf Cg A ,f B ,f
f f x f f x f 0 .
f x f f x f
x , x 0 0 lim 0 (1).
x x x
f x f
f f lim f 0
x x
f
11. f : 1,1
f x x2 1 f x
x 1,1 f
f 1 f 1 0 .
f 1,1
f 1, 1
8
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f 1 f 1 0 f f
f 1,1
x1,x 2 1,1 f x1 m f x2 M Fermat
f x1 0 f x2 0
f x1 x12 1 f x1 0
f x 2 x 22 1 f x 2 0
0 0
f f
13. f f f f , f x 0
x , f
f ,
f x 0 x f 0, f 0, f 0
f f f ,
f f f f f
, f x0
Fermat f x0 0 ,
f f
9
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f , f f f f f
f f f f f ,f f
, f
,
x1,x 2 ,
Fermat f x1 0 f x2 0 f
f
f f f f f
,
Fermat.
f , ,
, , , 1 , , 2 , 3 ,
f f f f f f
f 1 0 , f 2 0 f 3 0.
f 1 f 2 0 , f 2 f 3 0 f ,
Bolzano, f x 0
1, 2 2 , 3 f
f x x x , x f 0 0 0 1 1 2
x x 2 f x f 0 f x0
f
f x x ln x ln Fermat
f 0 0 0 ln 0 ln 0 ln ln 0 ln 0 1
f x x3 3x 2 6x 6 6ex , x .
f f x 3x2 6x 6 6ex .
f f x 6x 6 6ex .
10
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f f
3
x 6 6ex .
f
3
x 0 6 6ex 0 ex 1 x 0 .
x0 f x 0 f 1 ,0
3
x0 f x 0 f 20,
3
f 1
x 0 f x f 0 f x 0 f 2 ,0
f 2
x 0 f x f 0 f x 0 f 20,
f 2
x 0 f x f 0 f x 0 f 1 ,0
f 2
x 0 f x f 0 f x 0 f 20, .
f f 0 0
f x f 0 x3 3x 2 6x 6 6ex 0 x 3 3x 2 6x 6 6e x x .
f x x x 1 x
1 x
17. .
f
1
x,y 0,1 xy 1 xx yy .
2
f x0 1 x 0 x 1 A f 0,1
ln x x 1 x
1x
f x x x 1 x
1x
1 x lnx x ln1 x xlnx 1 x ln1 x
e
e e
f x e
xlnx 1 x ln1 x
lnx 1 ln 1 x 1 x 1 x x 1 x
ln
x
1 x
f x 0 ln
x x 1
0 1 x 1 x x
1 x 1 x 2
1 1
0x f x 0 f 2 0,
2 2
1 1
x 1 f x 0 f1 ,1 .
2 2
1 1
1 1 2 1 2 1
f f .
2 2 2 2
1 1
f f
2 2
f x x x 1 x x x y y , x,y 0,1 .
1 1 x 1 1
2 2 2
11
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18. f f 1 4 ,
f 3 6 f x x 3 x 1,3
f
3
0 .
g x f x x 3 0 g x g 1 g x g3 , g
x1 1 x2 3 g g x f x 1
Fermat g 1 0 f 1 1 g 3 0 f 3 1 .
F x 3 1,3
f 3 f 1 64
f x3 1 f 1 f x 3 f 3 1 Rolle
3 1 2
f 1 1,x 3 2 x 3 ,3 f 1 0 f 2 0 .
f 1, 2 1, 2 f 1 f 2 0
Rolle 1, 2 1,3 f
3
0 .
2
19.
x,y m
400
400m2 xy 400 y .
x
y
800
2x 2y 2x .
x
x 2x
800
, x0.
x
x 2
800
0, .
x2
x 0
x 0 2
800 800
0 2 2x 2
800 x 2
400 x 20
x2 x2
x 0,20 x 0 2 0,20 x 20
x 0 120, x 20m
400
y 20m .
20
20.
12
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x,y m
2x 2y
m y
2x 2y 80 2y 80 2x y 40 x x0 y 0 40 x 0 x 40 .
E xy x 40 x 40x x 2 .
E x 40x x2 , x 0,40 0,40 E x 40 2x .
E x 0 40 2x 0 40 2x x 20
x 0,20 E x 0 E1 0,20 x 20
E x 0 E220,40 x 20m
y 40 20 20m .
21. f x ex 1
A 1,1 .
M x,y x,ex 1 Cf .
AM x 1 e
2 2
x
1 1 x 2 2x 1 e2x .
x 1 e2x
g x x 2 2x 1 e2x , x g x .
x 2 2x 1 e 2x
x0 2x 0 e2x 1 e2x 1 0 x e2x 1 0
22. A 2,4
0
y 4 x 2 y x 2 4 .
2 4
x0 B 0, 2 4 y 0 ,0 .
4 2 , 0
2
1
2 2
4 4 2 2 2 4 2 4 2 4 2 0
2
0
4 2 2 2
4 2 0 2 .
2,0 0 12,0 2
13
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23. AB 2
ZK
,
2 .
2 22 , 0,
2
22 , 0,
2
22 22 22 2 2 22 2 12
22 22 1
0
0 22 2 2 1 0 2 2 1 0 2 2 1
0, x 2 0,
1 2 2 2
2
2 2 4 4
0, 0 1 0, ,
4 4 4 2
0 2 ,
4 2 4
2 2
2 2 2 .
4 2 4 2
24. x
x 3
2 9
K x x , x
4 9 2
x x , x 0 .
x0
M .
x 3
f x f x E x x x2 , x 0 .
4
14
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3x 2 3x
0, f x 2x
x2
4
f .
4
3x x 0
3x 3x
f x 0 x 2
8
0 2 0 2x .
4 4 4 3
8 8 8
x 0, f x 0 f1 0, x
3 3 3
8
f x 0 f 2 , .
3
8
x
3
2 3
8 8 64 512
M f
64 128 64
4 3 92 4 273 92 272 272
3
.
0,
64 1 64 2 128 2 9
M( ) 2 3 0 ,
27 27 273 9 2
2 9
9, 2 .
2 2 64
M 48 .
9 9 27 4
81
25. H t
t 28
f t
7A
e 14
,t 0
2
t
A 7t
K t e ,t 0 K 0 0
4
t
0 t 28 P t 0 P10,28 t 28
P t 0 P228, . t 28 .
15
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26. T t0
t
f t 2
t ,
t
1
t
t t 2 t
f t , t 0
t
2
t 2 2 t 2
1 1 2
f
f t
2 2 t2 2 t 2t
2 2 t2 .
2 2
2
t2 2
t2
f t6
f 6 15 .
2 6
f 6
36
2
5
15 62 15 2 36 2 2 36 (1).
2
2 2 36 0
Fermat f 6 0 2
2
36 0 (2).
2
2
36
2 0 2 36 0 2 36 6 .
5
36 (36 36) 5 .
2
180 36 t 2
f t
180t
5 6 , f t
36 t 36 t2
2 2
t 0
f t 0 36 t2 0 t2 36 0 t 6
t 0,6 f t 0 f10,6 x6
f t 0 f 26, f t6.
f t
180t
5 6 f .
36 t 2
f t 12
180t
12
36 t 2
180t 12 36 t 2 t2 15t 36 0 3 t 12 .
16
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27.
f x 2x3 3x2 12x 6 f x
lnx
x
28.
x 3 12x, x 0
f x 2 g x x 2 4x .
x x, x 0
29.
x 2, x 0
x 1, x 2
f x 2 ) f x 5, x0
x 6x, x 2
x, x 0
2
30. f x , f
x3
A 1, 2 .
31. f 0,
f 3 x x2 xf x x0 f x 0,
x 0.
x 1
32. f x
e
33. f
2f x f x e
3 x
x 2
2x 3 7 x f
34. f: f 1 f 4 f 3
x0 f x0 0 .
35. f, 1,4
f 3 f 4 f 1 f 2 f
f 1,4 f 1 f 3 f 2 f 4 f
17
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0 f x 0
f 0,2 .
f.
37. f: f 2 3 ,
f 3 7 f x 4x 5 x 2,3
f 0 .
38. f : 0,1 f 0 0 f
39.
f x x2 , ,
40. g : 0, 0, g x 0 x0
lng x
ge e f x .
gx
41. x 1 ex xex 1 x .
xx 2 x 1, x 0,2
2 x
42. ,
2
44. f
2f x f
f .
f x 0
f x
lnx
45. , x 0.
x
f
e .
x e e x
x0.
18
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xe x
.
46. f t
t t0 f t
8
2 .
t 1
f t .
t
t8
t 10
ln11 2,4 )
f x
x
47. ,
x 1
x 1 xx yy
Cf
48. AB A
49. y x2 2
A 5, 3
kx x 2
50. f x , x
4
O 0,0 1.
k4.
f
2,4
f A 2,f 2 B 4,f 4 .
51. k f x 2x 3 kx 2 10x
k
f f x x.
k=3
i. f
ii. f ,0 .
19
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52. f
f x f x 8x 12x 8x 2
3 3 2
x .
f -1.
f x 0 0,1 .
g:
f g x 3x f x 2 2 x ,
x0 g
f x
1
54. ,
x x
2
5
f A 2,
12
5
.
18
1 4.
f
f.
kx3 1 4k x2 x 4 0
f x k , k
k .
55. ℝ
f x x
f x 2 , lim 2 f 1 f 0
x 0 x2 x
f 0 0 f 1 3 .
g x f x x 1 , x
2
0,1
1 0,1
f .
1
20
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1,6
x1,x2 1,5 x1 x 2 f x1 f x 2 0 .
1,5 f 0 .
x0 1,5 f x0 f x0 f 3 x0 x0 .
y x 6 Cf 1,5 .
57. ex x 2 x .
f
f x f x e x 2 f x f x
x
x f 0 3 .
i. f x ex x 2, x .
, 0,
e
ii. ee e .
21