Learning Outcomes

1. Make a comparative experiment on how different food preparations can contribute to health and present it in class
through a video.
2. Demonstrate knowledge on protein as a nutrient by being able to:
a. Discuss the functions of proteins.
b. Compare the complete and incomplete proteins.
c. Explain protein “sparing.”
d. Calculate an individual’s protein requirement.
e. Estimate the amount of protein in a sample meal plan.
f. Give examples of conditions that increase a person’s protein requirement.
g. Select appropriate sources of nutrients that are most likely to be deficient in a vegetarian diet.
h. Describe nitrogen balance and how it is determined.
 What are proteins?

► Organic compounds formed from

chains of amino acids.
► CHON
► 2 Amino Acid Groups
► EAAs: 9
► NEAAs: 11
 Functions

1. Energy
2. Immune System Functioning
3. Growth and Maintenance
4. Fluid and Electrolyte Regulation
5. Acid Base Balance
6. Creation of Communicators and Catalysts
7. Transport
8. Other specific functions according to type of amino acid
How the Body Handles Proteins
Food Sources
 Protein Quality

► A method to determine the quality of food

protein by measuring the amount of
nitrogen kept in the body after digestion,
absorption, and excretion.
► 2 Types
► Complete: all 9 EAAS
► Incomplete
Complete Incomplete
All Animal sources All Plant source
+ soy - soy
 Protein Quality

► Complementary proteins: 2 incomplete

proteins that have different limiting amino
acids formed together and will have the
equivalent of a complete protein.
 Notes on Proteins

Non Proteins
⚫ Additional protein may be required for infants, children, pregnant and lactating women.
⚫ Factors (environment, stress, activity, and overall health status) will influence dietary
protein needs.
⚫ Protein intake will be closely monitored for clients with liver and renal dysfunction to
avoid complications from the body’s inability to handle protein load.
⚫ A dietary pattern of choosing proteins by combining complementary proteins is adequate
in meeting nutritional needs.
⚫ Clients with genetic disorders such as sickle cell disease and phenylketonuria (PKU) will
have their protein intake closely monitored so as to avoid complications due to enzyme
deficiencies.
 Dietary Reference Intakes

► 1 gm = 4 kcal
► AMDR: 10 – 35%
► 0.8 g/kg
Imbalances: Low intake
Imbalances: High intake
Protein in Health Promotion
Protein in Health Promotion

Vegetarian Diets
 Protein in Health Promotion

Vegetarian Diets

► Nutrients of Concern
• Iron
• Zinc
• Calcium
• Vitamin D
• Omega-3 FA
• Iodine
Protein in Health Promotion
Protein for Muscle Building
 Activity: Vegetarians, Protein Up!
Make
Criteria a reflective4write-up on vegetarianism 3 including2 enumeration1 of
plant foods
Content available
Answers are correct, locally and
Answers are ways
usually to combine complementary
Answers include several Answers lack the required
complete, extensive and complete and include details. details or are incomplete.
proteins to achieve
include the required
many details. protein RDA.
several details.
Clarity Discussion is very easy to Discussion is easy to Discussion is difficult to Discussion is not clear
1. What is vegetarianism?
understand with examples understand but has less understand with less with no examples or
and illustrations included examples or illustrations. examples or illustrations. references.
2. What are the different types of vegetarianism?
appropriately.
Use 3. What plant
of Information foods are
Discussion high include
always in protein? You may
Discussion present
often includein on Discussion
a table. seldom Discussion does not
4. supportive evidence
How are complementary from combine?
proteins supportive evidence from include supportive include any supportive
the statements made. the statements made. evidence from statements evidences.
5. What are the advantages and disadvantages of vegetarianism?made.
6. ofDo you see
Number yourself
Used become
more than 5 a vegetarian in the
Used at least 4-5future? If YES,
references what
Used do you
at least 2-3 think areNo
your sources
reference of
is being
Referencesprotein inreferences
your diet? If NO, why not? reference used.
Reflection Able to clearly express on Able to express the topic on Able to express but is No reflection at all and/or
the topic on hand with hand but with less personal Deadline:
unclear and hos no October
clear no 4, 2021conviction
personal – 5PM
strong personal conviction conviction personal conviction