What is Java API, its Advantages and Need

Java application programming interfaces (APIs) are predefined software tools that easily enable
interactivity between multiple applications.
What is Java?
Java is an object-oriented programming language that runs on almost all electronic devices.
Java is platform-independent because of Java virtual machines (JVMs). It follows the
principle of "write once, run everywhere.” When a JVM is installed on the host operating
system, it automatically adapts to the environment and executes the program’s
functionalities.

To install Java on a computer, the developer must download the JDK and set up the Java
Runtime Environment (JRE). Java offers many benefits, which we will explore in detail.

JDK
As previously noted, a Java download consists of two files:

 JDK

 JRE
Installing Java is usually simple. To learn more, please see the Simplilearn article “One-Stop
Solution for Java Installation in Windows.”

The JDK file is key to developing APIs in Java and consists of:

 The compiler
 The JVM

 The Java API

Compiler

A Java compiler is a predefined program that converts the high-level, user-

written code language to low-level, computer-understandable, byte-code language during
the compile time.

JVM

A JVM processes the byte-code from the compiler and provides an output in a user-
readable format.

Java APIs

Java APIs are integrated pieces of software that come with JDKs. APIs in Java provides the
interface between two different applications and establish communication.

We will learn more about Java APIs in the next section.

What Are Java APIs?

APIs are important software components bundled with the JDK. APIs in Java include
classes, interfaces, and user Interfaces. They enable developers to integrate various
applications and websites and offer real-time information.

The following image depicts the fundamental components of the Java API.

Now that we know the basics of the Java API and its components, let’s explore who uses
them.

Who Uses Java APIs?

Three types of developers use Java APIs based on their job or project:

1. Internal developers

2. Partner developers

3. Open developers

Internal Developers

Internal developers use internal APIs for a specific organization. Internal APIs are accessible
only by developers within one organization.

Applications that use internal APIs include:

 B2B

 B2C

 A2A

 B2E
Partner Developers

Organizations that establish communications develop and use partner APIs. These types of
APIs are available to partner developers via API keys.

Applications that use partner APIs include:

 B2B

 B2C

Examples include Finextra and Microsoft (MS Open API Initiative),

Open Developers

Some leading companies provide access to their APIs to developers in the open-source
format. These businesses provide access to APIs via a key so that the company can ensure
that the API is not used illegally.

The application type that uses internal APIs is:

 B2C
Examples include Twitter and Telnyx.

The next section explores the importance of Java APIs.

The Need for Java APIs

Java developers use APIs to:

Streamline Operating Procedures

Social media applications like Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn, and Instagram provide users with
multiple options on one screen. Java APIs make this functionality possible.

Improve Business Techniques

Introducing APIs to the public leads many companies to release private data to generate
new ideas, fix existing bugs, and receive new ways to improve operations. The Twitter
developer account is an example of an API that gives programmers private API keys to
access Twitter data and develop applications.

Create Powerful Applications

Online banking has changed the industry forever, and APIs offer customers the ability to
manage their finances digitally with complete simplicity.
Below we discuss the various types of Java APIs.

Types of Java APIs

There are four types of APIs in Java:

 Public

 Private

 Partner

 Composite

Public

Public (or open) APIs are Java APIs that come with the JDK. They do not have strict
restrictions about how developers use them.

Private

Private (or internal) APIs are developed by a specific organization and are accessible to only
employees who work for that organization.

Partner

Partner APIs are considered to be third-party APIs and are developed by organizations for
strategic business operations.

Composite

Composite APIs are microservices, and developers build them by combining several service
APIs.

Data and API Services

Data and API services are another way to categorize Java APIs other than public, private,
partner, and composite. APIs are also classified based on their data-manipulation
capabilities and the variety of services they offer, including:
 Internal API services

 External API services

 CRUD

 User interface services

Internal API Services

Internal API services are developed to offer organizations services specific to that
organization. These services include only complex data operations and internal processes.

External API Services

External APIs are open-source APIs that developers integrate into an existing application or
website.

CRUD

CRUD APIs provide data manipulation operations over various data storage units such as
software as a service (SaaS) and relational database management systems (RDBMS), using
standard storage-unit connecting tools like Java Database Connectivity (JDBC).

User Interface Services

User interface service APIs are open-source APIs that allow developers to build user
interfaces for mobile devices, computers, and other electronics.

Next, let’s examine the rules and protocols that Java APIs follow.

API Service Protocols

The rules and protocols guide the functionality of the Java API. Different APIs have different
service protocols. Let’s consider an example of RESTful API service protocol as an example.

For a typical RESTful API, developers must follow these rules:

 Stateless

 Uniform interface

 Client-server
 Cache

 Layered
Stateless

A RESTful API follows client-server architecture so it must be stateless.

Uniform Interface

The entities in a RESTful API are the server and clients. Applications that run on a global
scale need a uniform client and server interface through the Hypertext Transfer Protocol
(HTTP). Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs) allocate the required resources.

Client-Server

The client-server model used in the RESTful API should be fault-tolerant. Both the client and
server are expected to operate independently. The changes made at the client end should
not affect the server end and vice versa.

Cache

Including a cache memory allows the application to record intermediate responses and run
faster in real-time. A RESTful API also includes the cache memory.

Layered

A RESTful API is built using layers. Layers in the API are loosely coupled, or independent,
from each other. Each layer contributes to a different level of hierarchy and also supports
encapsulation.

The Most Commonly Used Java APIs

API Acronym

RESTful API none

Web API none

Facebook.4j none

Twitter.4j none

JavaHelp none

Java Advanced Imaging JAI

Java Data Objects JDO

Java Media Frameworks JMF

Java Persistence API JPA

Java Speech API JSAPI

Java 3D J3D

Java USB for Windows none

Android API Google

Association of the Standardization of Embedded

ESR Consortium
Platforms

Java Naming and Directory Interface JNDI

Next, let’s examine the significant advantages of APIs in Java.

The Advantages of APIs

Some of the main advantages of using Java APIs include:

Extensive SQL Support

APIs in Java enable a wide range of SQL support services in user applications through a
component-based interface.

Application

APIs in Java provide effortless access to all of an application’s major software components
and easily deliver services.

Efficiency

Java APIs are highly efficient because they enable rapid application deployment. Also, the
data that the application generates is always available online.
Automation

APIs allow computers to automatically upload, download, update and delete data
automatically without human interaction.

Integration

Java APIs can integrate into any application and website and provide a fluid user experience
with dynamic data delivery.

Scope

Java APIs easily make websites, applications, and information available to a wide range of
users and audiences.

Customization

Java APIs enable developers and businesses to build applications that personalize the user
interface and data.

Adaptability

Java APIs are highly flexible and adaptable because they can easily accept feature updates
and changes to frameworks and operating environments.