FINAL

EXAMINATION

GRADE 10

LIFE SCIENCES PAPER 1

NOVEMBER 2023

MARKING GUIDELINES

MARKS: 150
TIME: 2½ hours

These marking GUIDELINES consists of 11 pages

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Life Sciences/ P1 Grade 10 Marking Guidelines Page 2 of 11 LimpopoDoE/ November 2023
Grade10

PRINCIPLES RELATED TO MARKING LIFE SCIENCES

1. If more information than the marks allocated is given stop marking when maximum marks
is reached and put a wavy line and ‘max’ in the right hand margin.

2. If, for example, three reasons are required and five are given mark the first three
irrespective of whether all or some are correct/incorrect.
3. If the whole process is given when only a part of it is required read all and credit the
relevant part.
4. If comparisons are asked for but descriptions are given accept if the
differences/similarities are clear.
5. If tabulation is required but paragraphs are given candidates will lose marks for not
tabulating.
6. If diagrams are given with annotations when descriptions are required candidates will lose
marks.
7. If flow charts are given instead of descriptions candidates will lose marks.
8. If sequence is muddled and links do not make sense where sequence and links are correct,
credit. Where sequence and links are incorrect, do not credit. If sequence and links become
correct again, resume credit.
9. Non-recognized abbreviations: accept if defined in answer. If not defined, do not credit the
unrecognized abbreviation but credit the rest of the answer if correct.
10. Wrong numbering: If the answer fits into the correct sequence of the questions but the wrong
number is given, it is acceptable.
11. If the language used changes the intended meaning do not accept.
12. Spelling errors: If recognizable, accept answer, provided it does not mean something else in
Life Sciences or if it is used out of context.
13. If common names are given in terminology: Accept, provided it was accepted at the
national memo discussion meeting.
14. If only the letter is asked for but only the name is given (and vice versa). Do not accept.
15. If units are not given in measurements, candidates will lose marks. Memorandum will
allocate marks for units separately.
16. Be sensitive to the sense of an answer, which may be stated in a different way.
17. Caption: All illustrations (diagrams, graphs, tables, etc.) must have a caption.

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18. Code-switching of official languages (terms and concepts)

A single word or two that appear(s) in any language other than the learners’ assessment
language used to the greatest extent in his/her answers should be credited if it is correct. A
marker that is proficient in the relevant official language should be consulted. This is applicable
to all official languages.

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Life Sciences/ P1 Grade 10 Marking Guidelines Page 4 of 11 LimpopoDoE/ November 2023
Grade10

SECTION A
QUESTION 1

1.1. 1.1.1. D ✓✓
1.1.2. A✓✓
1.1.3. C✓✓
1.1.4. A✓✓
1.1.5. D✓✓
1.1.6. A✓✓
1.1.7. A✓✓
1.1.8. C✓✓
1.1.9. D✓✓
1.1.10. A✓✓
(10x2) (20)

1.2. 1.2.1. Chemotherapy ✓

1.2.2. Tissues ✓
1.2.3 Cuticle ✓
1.2.4. Cell ✓
1.2.5 Cytokinesis✓
1.2.6. Stoma ✓
1.2.7. Centromere ✓
1.2.8. Substrate ✓
1.2.9. Active transport ✓
(9)

1.3. 1.3.1. B only✓✓ (2)

1.3.2. A only✓✓ (2)
1.3.3. A only✓✓ (2)
(3x2) (6)
1.4. 1.4.1. 35°C✓ (1)
1.4.2 15 mg ✓ (1)

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1.4.3 Enzyme activity is slow at lower temperatures✓ (3)

As temperature increases enzyme activity also increases✓
Maximum enzyme activity at optimum temperature✓/ 35°C
1.4.4 No more food will be broken down ✓ (3)
This is because enzymes are denatured✓
at this temperature and cannot function✓
(8)

1.5. 1.5.1 (a) Lung cancer✓ (1)

(b) Breast cancer✓ (1)
1.5.2. Chemotherapy✓ (2)
Radiation✓
Surgery✓
1.5.3. A benign tumor has distinct, smooth, regular borders✓. A (3)
malignant tumor has irregular borders✓ and grows faster than
a benign tumor✓.
OR
A malignant tumor can spread to other parts of your body✓. A
benign tumor will not invade nearby tissue✓ or spread to other
parts of your body✓
(7)
[50]
TOTAL SECTION A: 50

SECTION B

QUESTION 2

2.1 2.1.1 Bread (1)

2.1.2 Peanuts (1)
2.1.3 27+5+3,9+0+30+10,5+21+45 =142,4
165,3 ✓ – 142,4 = 22,9✓
(3)

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2.1.4. Ethanol ✓ / ether (1)

2.1.5 During the digestion of food, complex molecules are broken down✓ into
smaller molecules✓, this reaction cannot take place without the help of
enzymes. (3)
Digestive enzymes amylase ✓in the saliva break down starch✓ and lipase✓
breakdown fatty acids and ✓protease✓ digest protein✓
(Mark ANY Three) (9)

2.2 2.2.1 C✓ (1)

2.2.2 Capillarity, ✓Root pressure✓ and Transpiration pull✓ (3)
2.2.3 Finger-like protrusions of the epidermis✓
Thin cell wall and cell membrane✓
Large vacuole✓ (2)
2.2.4 Vessels and tracheid are dead elongated cells✓
Cell walls strengthened with lignin✓ / thick cell walls (3)
Cell walls are perforated✓ / many pits (9)

2.3 2.3.1 B - Tibia ✓ (1)

D - Femur✓ (1)
2.3.2 Hinge✓ (1)
2.3.3 Fluid lubricates the bones and cartilage to prevent friction✓, drying out of the (2)
fluid results in painful✓, difficult mobility✓ and inflammation ✓(Mark ANY Two)
2.3.4 Ligaments join bone to bone at joints ✓
Ligaments are elastic✓ , and are able to stretch✓ allowing bones to move in (3)
different directions ✓at joints (8)

2.4.
2.4.1 Mitosis ✓ (1)
2.4.2 Metaphase ✓ (1)
2.4.3 The chromosomes are aligned ✓ at the equator ✓ (2)
2.4.4 A - Chromatid✓

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B - centrioles or centrosome.✓ (2)

2.4.5 4 ✓
2 ✓ (2)
2.4.6 Allows growth ✓
Replace and repair damaged cells ✓ / tissues
Produce identical cells to parent cells ✓
For asexual reproduction ✓ (Any 2) (2)
2.4.7

Diagram of a cell in Anaphase

(5)
Caption 1
Correct type of diagram (4 chromatid) 2
Chromatids arrangement ( shaded and unshaded one side) 1
Centromere/ centriole and spindle fibre visible 1
(15)

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2.5
2.5.1 Mesophyll tissue✓ (1)
2.5.2 Gaseous exchange ✓ (1)
2.5.3 A - Palisade mesophyll ✓ (2)
2.5.4 Differences between xylem and phloem

Xylem Phloem
Conducts water and dissolved Conduct dissolved food ✓
mineral salts ✓
Walls are thickened/ lignified ✓ Walls are thin/ made up of cellulose ✓
Cross walls perforated/ absent ✓ Sieve plates present ✓
Transport is from roots to leaves ✓ Transport is from leaves to roots ✓
1 mark for table + Any 2x2 (5)
(9)

QUESTION 3

3.1
3.1.1 (a) Plants in low density soil ✓ (1)
(b) Root growth in cm / Length of the roots in cm ✓ (1)
3.1.2 Decide on the sample size ✓
Decide on the age of the plants ✓
Decide on the apparatus to be used ✓
Decide on the duration of the investigation✓
Decide on the method to be used ✓ (any two or other correct answer) (2)
3.1.3 Same amount of water ✓
Same temperature ✓
Same soil type ✓
Same amount of light ✓
Same duration of the investigation✓ (1)
3.1.4` Plant A ✓ (1)

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3.1.5
The effect of low density soil on root growth of different
plants (cm)
Root Growth (cm)
100
80
60
40
20
0
A B C D
Plants in low density soil

Mark allocation of the graph

Criteria Mark allocation
Bar graph drawn (T) 1
Correct title of the graph (C) 1
Correct scale for X-axis (equal width and spacing 1
of the bars) and Y-axis (S)
Correct label and unit for X-axis and Y-axis (L) 1

Plotting of the bars (P) 2: All bars correct

1: 2 bars correctly plotted
NOTE:
(6)
If a line graph is drawn – marks will be lost for the ‘type and scale'
If a histogram is drawn – marks will be lost for the 'type and scale' (12)

3.2
3.2.1 A - Motor neuron✓
B - Blood tissue✓ (2)
3.2.2 3 - Axon✓
4 – Myelin sheath✓ (2)
3.2.3 Carries impulses from CNS/ brain and spinal cord to the effector✓ (2)

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3.2.4 (a) Cell body✓ (1)

(b) White blood cells/ white blood corpuscles/ leucoplasts (1)
(8)
3.3
3.3.1 A - Ciliated epithelium✓ (1)
B - Cuboidal epithelium✓ (1)
D - Columnar epithelium✓ (1)
3.3.2 B – Secretes saliva✓ (1)
D – Produces mucus/ helps with the movement of food✓ (1)
3.3.3 Goblets cells secrete mucus which trap dust✓ (2)
Cilia drives dust out✓

3.3.4 - Produces new cells✓ (2)

-To replace cells being lost/ worn out tissues✓ (9)

3.4
3.4.1 A✓ (1)
3.4.2 Tendons stretch less✓
Thus allowing the bone to move less✓ (2)
3.4.3 Skeleton with attached muscles allows✓ movement
Protects the internal organs of the body✓
Various minerals are stored by the bones✓
Gives the body shape✓ (3)
3.4.4 0,08 mm✓ – 0,06 mm✓ (3)
= 0,02 mm✓ (9)
3.5
3.5.1 Potometer✓ (1)
3.5.2 To measure the rate of transpiration✓ (1)
3.5.3 - ensure the twig fits securely into the rubber stopper seal with Vaseline✓
- cut the stem under water to prevent air bubbles forming in xylem✓
- cut stem at an angle to ensure no damage to xylem✓ (2)

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3.5.4 The speed of movement of the air bubble will be greatly reduced , Vaseline
prevents transpiration at the ventral surfaces by blocking the stomata (3)
3.5.5 To allow it to acclimatize to the environment✓ (2)
3.5.6 As the temperature increases the transpiration rate will increase✓
OR
As the temperature increases the transpiration rate will decrease✓ (1)
OR
Change of temperature will have NO effect on the rate of transpiration✓
3.5.7 - As the temperature increases the rate of transpiration increases to an
optimum temperature.✓ (2)
- The transpiration rate then starts to decrease✓

(12)
(50)
TOTAL SECTION B: 100
GRAND TOTAL: 150

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