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Zero Net Energy Building BVP PUNE

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 A Project report on

Zero Net Energy Building BVP PUNE

Submitted by

Prashant Chandrashekhar Malagi

PRN :- 1914110642

Mail ID: prashant_malagi@hotmail.com

Under the guidance of

Prof. Mr. R. S DESAI SIR

DR, R.M HOLMUKHE SIR

For the degree of

Masters of Technology in
Electrical Engineering

Department Of Electrical Engineering

Bharati Vidyapeeth(Deemed to be University)
College of Engineering,
Pune – 411043
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Project report entitled

“Zero Net Energy Building BVP PUNE”

Submitted by PRASHANT CHANDRASHEKHAR MALAGI
PRN :-1914110642
is the record of bonafide work done by them in partial fulfillment of the requirements for
the award of degree of Master Of Technology in Electrical Engineering in the academic
year 2021-22

Prof. R. S. Desai Prof. Dr. R. M. Holmukhe

Prof M Tech Electrical Department Prof M Tech Electrical Department

 Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be university)
College Of Engineering – Pune 43
Department Of Electrical Engineering

CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL

This is to certify that Project report entitled

“ Zero Net Energy Building BVP PUNE”

Submitted by,
PRASHANT CHANDRASHEKHAR MALAGI.
PRN :-1914110642

is hereby approved as a creditable study of an Engineering carried out and in a manner satisfactory to
warrant its acceptance as a pre– requisite to award of degree of Master Of Technology in Electrical
Engineering in the academic year - 2021-22.

Date :- 12-02-2022

Place :- Pune

Internal Examiner External Examiner

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Sr.No. Topic
1 Introduction

2 Zero-net energy building definition

3 Types of Zero Energy Buildings
4 Net zero energy cost
5 Net zero energy emission
6 Types of Energy Generated
7 Factors affecting a Building Energy Consumptions
8 Energy Efficient Design
9 Passive Design
10 Active Design
11 Other Active Systems
12 Case Study Proposal for Zero Net Energy Building BVP PUNE
13 Conclusion
14 References
 Zero Net Energy Buildings in India
Abstract

This research paper deals primarily with how a building can achieve zero net energy
consumption. The different types of zero net buildings were in research for type of buildings. The
different factors affecting a building’s energy consumption were analyzed. Some ways of
integrating energy- efficient approaches into the different stages of construction namely the
designing, construction, and operation of buildings so as to improve and optimize the efficiency
of buildings that already exist were discussed. These can decrease consumption of energy
significantly.

Keywords: Zero Net Energy, Energy consumption, Active systems design, Passive design,
renewable.

1
 Introduction

Cities with Institutional, high rises residential & commercial buildings have become symbols
and icons of progress and development for any country across the world. Old cities will continue
to grow and new cities will come into being as the populations migrate into them in search of
employment, new opportunities and a better life.

With restrictions in space in the cities, buildings have grown vertically, higher and higher to
meet ever increasing demands for commercial, office and residential requirements, with the result
that they have, in no time become big consumers of energy.

Buildings are, in fact, considered to be the primary energy consumers, and in big countries
such as the United States, they account for 33% of global carbon dioxide emissions. The energy
usage of the building sector is still on the increase to this date; mainly because construction of
new buildings is faster than retirement of the old ones, and urban areas keep on increasing..

As a study approach, until buildings are designed in a way that they are able produce enough
energy from renewable energy sources to balance the energy requirements of these buildings,
energy consumption in the commercial building sector will be on the rise.

With the increase in energy prices, and more importantly because of increasing effects of
Climate change, it has become more and more urgent to decrease energy consumption and one
way of doing so, is to target building energy use. The building sector can have major energy
reductions by integrating energy-efficient approaches into the different stages of construction
namely the designing, construction, and operation of buildings. This could also help to decrease the
dependence on energy derived from non-renewable fuels. The main idea is that buildings can be
made to meet all their energy demands from cheaper, easily available and clean renewable
sources.

However, advancement in construction technologies and renewable energy systems are

making Net Zero Energy buildings more and more achievable.

2
 Zero-net energy building definition

A zero-net energy building (ZNE) is a building that has zero energy consumption. This means
that the building makes use of renewable energy which is created on site and this energy is roughly
equal to the total energy consumption of the building annually. For this type of building, one unit
of energy must be generated for each unit of energy consumed by the building over a year.

Most of these buildings are still connected to the utility grid. This is done so that the building
can use electricity from the grid in case the renewable energy generation is not enough to meet the
electrical load of the building. However, when the generation of the energy on-site energy exceeds
the load, the excess energy should be sent back to the electric grid. The energy which is in excess
is then used in case of peak demands. This is why the energy consumption is said to be net zero.

Types of Zero Energy Buildings

Zero energy building can be divided into different categories. These categories are:

 Net zero site energy: the amount of energy produced at the site should meet the energy
demands of the building.
 Net zero source energy; the energy produced at the source should meet the demands of
the building in terms of energy.
 Net zero energy costs ; In a cost ZEB, The cost of purchase of energy is equaled to the
amount money received for the sales of excess electricity to the grid
 Net zero energy emissions: the amount of energy produced from emissions-producing
energy sources is almost equal to the emissions-free renewable energy it produces.

Net zero site energy

This type of ZEB produces energy that it needs on site. The energy generated are mostly from
Photovoltaic panels mounted on the roof and on other surfaces such as at the parking, solar hot
water collector, small scale wind power and in some rare cases low impact hydro power.

Net zero source energy

Source energy accounts for both the energy demand of the building as well as the energy
required to transport the energy to the building. It takes into consideration the losses that occur
during electrical transmission. The imported and exported energy should be multiplied by the
required site-to-source conversion factors to obtain the building’s total source energy.

3
Net zero energy costs
The cost of purchase of energy is equaled to the amount money received for the sales of excess
electricity to the grid. This occurs when the building has more energy than required hence it can
sell the excess energy produced to the grid may be a challenge in future. Generally, in a drive to
promote renewables across the world, Governments utilities offer higher costs for energy
exported to the grid than that supplied from the grid but such revolution in India might be the
next fold. Hence, in a building which has on-site renewable power generation, selling power to
the utility grid fetches more than import from the grid. The net annual costs between power sold
to the grid and consumed directly from the grid comes to zero or +ve.

Net zero energy emissions

The emission of carbon from on-site or off-site fossil fuel use is almost equal to the amount of
on-site renewable energy production [8]. For example; if a building uses sources like as
hydroelectric power or wind power, emissions are already zero and there is no need for any on-
site renewable energy generation to balance the emissions. However, if that building requires
natural gas for heating purposes, then it will have to balance emissions by producing and
exporting enough emissions-free renewable energy.

 On site measurements are used to check adequacy of a site ZEB whereas source energy or
emissions ZEBs cannot be measured as easily since there are site-to-source factors involved.

Types of Energy generated

Table 1: Energy generation options (on and off site)

4
Factors affecting a building’s energy consumption

For a new building, the most profitable way to obtain a reduction in the energy consumed
usually occurs during the conceptual design process.

There are various factors that alter the energy demands in a building. These can be divided
into three main categories namely; non-design factors and design factors. The design factors can
be further divided into the passive design factors and the active system design.

Non-design factors are those affected by;

(i) Occupancy and management,

(ii) Environmental Standards and
(iii) Climate and Building application.

Passive design can be further divided into

(i) The use of the building’s location and site to reduce the building’s energy profile and
(ii) The design of the building itself such as
 Size and shape,
 Orientation,
 Thermal mass,
 Day lighting,
 Passive cooling and heating and,
 Solar thermal collector.

Active system design:

This consists in using mechanical and electrical use so as to decrease the building’s energy
demand. Some examples of mechanical systems include HVAC, extraction systems, Lifts &
Escalators, pumps etc. The electrical systems include luminaires and electrical motors and
equipment used in the building such as computers, servers, UPS, printers etc.

5
 Energy Efficient Design

The figure below gives an account of the amount of energy consumed by a building in terms of
lighting, electric heat, gas heat, Air conditioning, Exhaust fan, HVAC fans and other internal loads.
Figure 1 shows the amount of energy consumed by a building and Figure 2 shows the amount of
energy that can be saved with energy efficient designs.

Figure 1: Amount of energy consumed

%
40

Gas AC
heat Heat HVAC
Fan Internal
Fans
Loads

Figure 2: Amount of energy that can be saved with energy efficient design Figure 2 shows
how much energy that can be saved in a typical commercial office building if energy
efficient measures are taken.

6
 Passive Design

This section will be concerned with the different factors involved in the passive design.

Size and Shape:-

The shape of the building is crucial as it determines the amount of solar energy that the
building receives hence affecting its total energy requirements. Solar radiations can create an
increase in energy requirements of up to 25%. The surface exposed to the outside also determines
the energy losses. Ideally, the ratio between the outer surface and the volume of the building is
related to a building’s capacity to store or lose heat. To prevent heat loss or heat gain, the ratio
between the outer surface and the volume should be small. The shape also defines the percentage
of the building exposed at each cardinal point. A building, in the Northern Hemisphere, with less
wall surface facing the South requires 8.2% more energy for heating.

Building Orientation:-

The orientation of a building is measured using the meters. GPS is a way of measuring the
angle of a surface from the true north.

Orientation, normally in the East-West direction, with the shortest lengths facing East and
West would be ideal so as to:

(i) Maximize natural daylighting and solar passive heating in cold climate countries
(ii) Maximize natural daylighting and minimize the air conditioning loads in hot
climate countries

Some benefits of having optimal building orientation are:

 Low cost measure that can be implemented at the design stage of the project.
 Reduces energy demand.
 Reduces the need for complex passive systems.
 Increases amount of daylight hence reduces demand for artificial lighting therefore
less contribution to internal heating of the building.
 Improves performance of solar collectors.

By knowing how the sun will interact with the building in the summer or in the winter,
overheating and glare can be mitigated.

7
Thermal mass:-

It is the property of a material to take in and retain heat. There are two main terms; heavy-
weight and light-weight which are used to describe buildings with different thermal absorption
abilities. Buildings constructed with heavy weight materials have the tendency to take in and store
heat. A lot of energy is required to lower the temperature of high density materials like concrete,
bricks and tiles. They are hence said to have high thermal mass. Wood or Ply which is a
lightweight material has low thermal mass.

A building with high thermal mass will absorb, retain and radiate heat to the interior or
exterior, whichever way is the thermal driver. Thus, in a hot country, this will impact on the
internal comfort air conditioning cooling load and in a cold country; it will impact on the heating
load.

Hence in hot countries, buildings should be more open and lightweight. In cold climates,
buildings should have high insulation and little exposed thermal mass. When used properly, a
combination of with passive solar design and appropriate thermal mass can play an important
role in reducing energy use in active systems. It is important therefore for the architect to be well
aware of the properties of the materials that will go into the construction of the building as well
as insulation levels, as this will help to reduce energy consumption or the need for heating or
cooling systems.

Day lighting :-

Natural external daylight intensity varies from 400 Lux at sunrise / sunset to about 120,000 Lux
during periods of bright sunlight. Normally, an internal lighting

level of 300 Lux is more than adequate for general office work. So, if ways and means could be
found to make maximum use of natural daylight inside a building, this would reduce the need
for artificial lighting and hence electrical power. Artificial light can take up to 35% of a
building’s cost. So, the use of natural daylight should help reduce these costs.

During the conceptual design of the building, this criteria has to be considered. A building laid
out in the East – West orientation with glazing along the longer North and South facades would

8
allow daylight with minimum sunlight on either the North or South facades depending on which
hemisphere the building is located.

The architect can also use other means to shield the glazing from direct sunlight, such as fixed
or adjustable architectural sun shadings on the facades or even special tinted glazing that would
allow daylight into the room while preventing heat transmission into the occupied space.

Passive cooling and heating :-

This type of cooling or heating uses a natural process to remove or absorb heat. Summer
cooling as well as winter heating is important in a building. Unwanted summer heat includes
direct solar impact on buildings, heat transfer and infiltration of outside air through elements of
the structure and lastly the internal heat produced by lighting, equipment and appliances.

The building should be designed in such a way that sunlight striking the external surfaces is
minimized. Painting the external surfaces with light colors e.g white would reduce heat
absorption by reflection of direct sunlight at the surface. The heat from surrounding outside areas
should also be prevented from re-radiating and reflecting back into the building.

The laws of nature are used in to carry out passive cooling: hot air is less dense and rises
naturally, so this natural principle could be used in a building with external air entry at a lower
level and extraction of warmer air at roof level.

Many of the techniques used for passive cooling, like for example insulation of the walls will
also prevent heat loss in winter.

Solar thermal Collector:-

Solar plate collectors are passive heat collectors which collects radiant heat from the sun to
heat up water which is circulated through tubes in the collector for use as domestic hot water in
the building and also as pre-heated water for the general building heating in cold countries.

Solar thermal collectors are usually located at the roof to the inclination as necessary. An
efficient Solar Thermal Collection, which is a green source of energy, can help reduce utility
bills in a building considerably.

9
Active Design

This section will be concerned with the different electrical and mechanical systems involved in
the active design.

Cooling System:

For general comfort of the occupants in a building, it is required to have a cool and clean
internal environment. This is the key towards employees’ satisfaction, good health, happiness
and maximum productivity.

To achieve such internal comfort conditions, it is generally required to treat, cool and circulate
the air supplied to the occupied areas mechanically by means of Air Conditioning systems which
may include Central water chillers, air handling units, air supply and return ducts, Variable air
Volume (VAV) terminals, fan coil units, split air conditioning units, supply fans, return fans etc.

These mechanical components usually run on electrical power and in a building, it has been
found that the air conditioning power load turns out to be more than 50% of the total electrical
power consumption. Hence, it becomes important to find ways and means to reduce the electrical
power consumption so that building can achieve a Net Zero Energy status.

Some ways to reduce the power consumption for air conditioning in a building are as follows :-

 Use of highly efficient water chillers with high Coefficient of Performance (COP), having
Variable speed Condensing fans, and with an ability to modulate its cooling capacity as
per the demand in the building, etc.
 Use of variable speed pumps in the circuit so that the flow of chilled water varies as
per cooling load requirements.
 Use of highly efficient Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) systems for mini central
systems.
 Use of high-efficiency inverter type air conditioners, with high COP’s and very low
power consumption.
 Use of highly efficient variable speed fans for air supply, return, and extraction.
 Balancing the peak electrical loads.

By this, it is meant that the air conditioning power load which adds on to the general power

10
load during the day is shifted to the night. Ice is produced at night by a refrigeration system, and
this is used to cool the air supplied to the offices during the day. In this way, the electrical power
consumed in the building remains balanced at a low average and does not have peaks which
would penalize the owner over an extended period as regards electricity tariffs (e,g pay the same
KVA Charges over say 6 months instead of lower kWh charges).
Shifting the air conditioning electrical load to night time may also be beneficial if the
electricity cost is lower at night. This is the case in many countries such as the USA or well
developed countries.

A highly Intelligent Computer Control system for the air conditioning system could be used to
provide the required exact cooling at any time by controlling each element in the system, thus
avoiding any wastage.

Lighting System:-

Lights in a building consume about 20% of the overall electrical power consumed in the
building. It has become crucial therefore to find ways and means to minimize this load without
compromising the lighting levels that are required for the different tasks being carried out in the
building.

Previously all lamps were incandescent types. These lamps have a tungsten filament that glows
in an atmosphere of vacuum or inert gas. Incandescent lamps generally use electrical energy as
follows: 5% to light and 95% as heat.

Over the years, incandescent lamps have been replaced by fluorescent lamps. Fluorescent
lamps convert about 22% more of the power input into visible light compared to incandescent
lamps. The lamp is cool, but its ballast gives off heat. Improvements to the fluorescent lamps are
T5 types which are slightly more efficient than the standard ones. In comparison, a fluorescent
tube spreads light over a larger area and is a physically larger light source. In suitably designed
lamps, light can be more evenly distributed. Undiffused incandescent filament tends to have a
point source of glare.

Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFL) are now being termed as Energy Saving lamps. For the
same amount of visible light, Compact Fluorescent Lamps use about one-fifth to one-third of the
electric power and last 8-15 times longer when compared to general-service incandescent lamps.
CFL lamps have integral electronic ballasts whereas the fluorescent tubes have external ordinary

11
 ballasts. They have therefore a better efficiency than the ordinary tube-type fluorescent lamps.

Fluorescent lamps give off about 1/5 of the heat given off by incandescent lamps. This helps in
reducing the size, cost, and energy consumption reserved for air conditioning for office buildings.

The latest in lighting is the LED light, which is Light Emitting Diodes. LED operates at the
atomic level to give off photons of light in the presence of an electrical charge. A normal 100W
incandescent lamp could be replaced by a 24W CFL lamp or 18W LED lamp. The LED lamp
does not give off much heat; hence there is less load on the air conditioning system. Also, the
LED light typically has a 30,000 hours lifetime compared to 10,000 for CFL and 1000 for
Incandescent lamps.

Other recent advances of interior lightings are Computer Controlled Intelligent dimmer type
LED lightings with occupancy sensors. These help to dim the natural daylight intensity in the
room, usually set to 300 – 400 Lux, and also switch off when there is no movement in the room i.e
the occupant is absent. This system is usually connected to a Building Management System
(BMS). Figure 3 shows a small comparison between different types of light bulbs

Figure 3: Comparison between different light bulbs

The figure above is an example to show a comparison between different bulb types. It can be
concluded from the bar graph that LED lights are more efficient.
Energy generation from solar, wind, and biomass have advantages and disadvantages.

12
 Other Active Systems:-

 Load Shedding

Rather than pay high costs to the Electricity Utilities for being penalized for long periods at a
stretch due to unusual peak loads in the building, it becomes more beneficial for the Building
Facility Management to do an intelligent control of the electricity usage in the building, usually by
a computer controlled Building Management System (BMS) and then shed the load when it is
found that it will exceed a certain average, or even use standby generators on site to meet these
extraordinary.

 Capacitor Banks

Cause of the presence of electric motors in the building, inductive powers create dis-balances
in the power network which reduce the overall power factor. Building users are penalized by the
electricity utilities for low power factor (less than 0.9) and therefore it is beneficial to include
capacitive power banks to even out the inductive power generated.

 Good House-keeping and Occupant behavior

In a building where the aim is to have a Net zero energy usage, it is important to have an
efficient house-keeping where items are stored in such a way that retrieving them is fast and
efficient, without any wastage of energy such as light and other electrical equipment.

The occupants also need to be made aware of this management drive for energy saving in the
building and the cooperation of the employees / occupants towards this drive becomes important.
They must be requested to ensure that equipment such as computers etc are switched off when not
in use, avoid using temperature setting for the air conditioning and reduce domestic water usage

13
 Rain water harvesting:

Rain water from the roof of the building can be collected in a tank and then used directly as
grey water for toilet flushing. a person normally uses up to 180L of water per day, of which about
50 to 65L are for toilet flushing. If in a building where this component can be obtained from rain
water, this will reduce the Utilities Mains water consumption considerably.

 Photo Voltaic (PV) electricity generation

These are flat plate photon collectors (PV) placed generally at roof level to convert the light
from the sun into electrical energy. A number of the PV panels can be installed at the roof at the
required inclination for maximum solar exposure, together with solar thermal collectors for
production of hot water.

PV collectors come also as architectural panels, which can be placed on the façade in the
direction of the sun as sun blinds, where they act as both sun blinds to prevent direct sunlight
through the windows and electricity generators. In the Northern hemisphere, the sun blinds should
be placed on the South facades and in the Southern hemisphere, the North facades. A further
improvement in the inclination of the PV collectors is to have them automatically oriented to be
always perpendicular to the sun rays, so that they get the maximum power from the sun.

With all the energy savings features incorporated in a building, the power produced by the PV
panels could in fact meet the demand of the building or even be in excess so that it can be exported
back to the mains grid. If the building is connected to the grid, then the excess power produced
by all the PV panels can be exported to the grid during the day while at night, electricity is
obtained from the grid.

Thus, with a careful yearly monitoring, the balance on an annual basis can become zero.

14
 Proposal for Zero Net Energy Building BVP PUNE
In India, buildings both commercial and residential use up to 48% of the electricity generated.
Many Buildings in India now a days are the Zero Energy Building and in operation efficiently
since from many years. The Net Zero buildings cost 20 to 30 percent more than a normal building.
The purpose of building this zero net energy building was to improve energy efficiency in
building design and uses. Clean renewable energy generation and extensive energy efficiency
strategies were used so as to achieve a zero energy related cost.

Some of the energy saving strategies includes double pane windows to reduce heat gain while
at the same time providing natural light, high efficiency pumps and fans, office equipment that
require less energy and lastly harvesting rainwater to provide for its water needs such as gardening
or cooling the condenser.

All these features helped to decrease the energy usage of the building by 45% as compared to
a conventional Indian Institutional office building. Proposed Building is the BVP academic
engineering Building having 2 Blocks. The Energy saving report and the scope/ energy saving ia
given in below summery and calculations.

The energy saving opportunities are mostly through Energy Efficient LED Lightings having
efficacy more that 120 Luman per watt, Replacement of conventional celling fans with Brushless
DC Fans which are available at 25 to 32 watt and are the replacement of 80Watt (1200mm ) Fans.
The speed control can be achieved through remote control so fan regulators are not required.
External street lights are proposed to replace with 48 Watt LED lamps at required color
temperature. The most of energy consumptions are used by air conditioning units with
conventional out door units, The ODUs and indoor units are proposed to replace with BEE
certified 4 star rated units so that any room temperatures are maintained in lesser power.

The energy production is mostly proposed through solar photovoltaic panels. The renewable
energy technologies generates solar PV electricity through following;
120 kWp polycrystalline silicon PV set up on the roof, the detailed calculations and summery
for analysis and solar PVs are given in annexure attached.
Most buildings require between 100 to 150kWh per square meter, Proposed Institutional &
office building is expected to reach 35 to 50 kWh per sq meters which will be feed by the solar
power that it generates. It relies on insulated building materials to keep high energy efficient and
self-sustainable so that minimum dependency on external energy sources. We proposed to take
advantage of natural light from the sun.

15
 Conclusion

In conclusion, this report discussed in depth about the different types of Zero net energy
buildings that exist. the energy generation options whether on site or off site were both mentioned.
A building cannot only depend on renewable energy generation to become a zero net energy
building. It needs to reduce its energy consumption so that the energy generated can actually meet
the demands of the building. The two main factors affecting consumption of a building are the
passive and active design factors. Passive design factors are concerned mostly about the building’s
design, size, shape and location so as to maximize daylight use while minimizing heat gain.
Active design factors on the other had are more concerned with the electrical and mechanical
systems. All these were analyzed in depth and a case study about the Pusat Tenaga Malaysia ,
where the various ways of achieving Zero net energy status were discussed. These types of
building are therefore becoming more of a reality nowadays.

16
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18
 ENERGY STATEMENT FOR BVP ACAMADIC BUILDING FOR NET ZERO BUILDING

Conventional Energy Saving Method

% of Energy Saving
Sl.No. Description Units / Day (kWh/ Energy Cost Saving /
Units / Day Cost (Rs. 7.5 / Unit) / Day
Day) Day (Rs/Day)
1 Building Block 01 600.10 4500.72 347.20 2603.99 42.14
2 Building Block 02 600.10 4500.72 347.20 2603.99 42.14
3 Energy Saving for Celling Fans 108.81 816.08 40.18 301.32 63.08
4 EXTERNAL AREAS 14.00 105.00 8.64 64.80 38.29
5 PLUMBING LOAD 24.00 180.00 21.60 162.00 10.00
6 HVAC LOAD By replacing Star Rated Outdoor Units 80.00 600.00 24.00 180.00 70.00

Total 1427.00 788.81

Units Saved/Day 638.19 kWh 45%

Total No of units Savings / Year 159547.30 kWh

Required No of Units per year 42000.00 kWh

Units Generation Savings with Solar PV per Year 50400.00 kWh

Proposed SOLR PV Rating 120.00 kWp

 ELECTRICAL ENERGY SAVINGS MEASURES (SUMMARY) FOR BVP DHANKAVADI PUNE CAMPUS ENGINEERING BUILDING

Energy Consumed By Energy Consumed By

SR.NO. AREA AREA OF LIGHTING Conventional Method IN Energy Saving Method
(kWh/annum) IN (kWh/annum)
1 Building Block 01 Lobby,staircase 1,50,024.00 86,799.60
2 Building Block 01 Lobby,staircase 1,50,024.00 86,799.60
3 NON TOWER AREA External Area 27,202.50 10,044.00
External Areas (Considering 20% for common Street light, Common
4 5,110.00 3,153.60
area lighting of all towers and External area) area lights
Level Sensor Water Transfer Pumps @ 250 1. By using Energy efficient motors, we
5 Pumps 6,000.00 5,400.00
Day working per year can save 10% of energy.
HVAC Enery Consumptions @ 250 Day 1. By using Energy efficient motors, we
6 Outdoor Units 20,000.00 6,000.00
working per year can save 30% of energy.

Total Kwh/Annum for All Bldgs Common Lighting 3,58,360.50 1,98,196.80

SR.NO. SOLAR PV SYSTEM

1 Total Building Maximum Demand load kw 100.00
2 Total load in kW on SOLAR PV SYSTEM kw 120.00

Cost for Solar PV System 78,00,000

ELECTRICAL ENERGY SAVINGS MEASURES ( BACK UP SHEET)

A Building Block 01

No of Total wattage
Common Area Lighting Fixture type Units Numbers
Building in KW

Typical floors - LHS &

Service passage on both sides
a 0.028 28W tube light RHS 990 1.00 27.72
b Extended Lobby Lighting 0.028 2x14W CFL light Lobby 300 1.00 8.40
c Staircase-1 Lighting 0.028 28W tube light Landing 240 1.00 6.72
d Staircase-2 Lighting 0.028 28W tube light Landing 240 1.00 6.72
Typical floors - LHS &
Electrical & AHU Room Toilet Area
f 0.028 28W tube light RHS 16 1.00 0.45

Total load in KW by Conventional method for

COMMERCIAL Building 50.01
Total Energy Consumption in
kWh/day(Considering 12 Hours of Operation /
Day) 600.10
Total Energy Consumption (kWh/Annum) 1,50,024.00

Energy saving method

Typical floors - LHS &

Service passage on both sides
a 0.018 28W tube light RHS 990 1.00 17.82
b Extended Lobby Lighting 0.018 2x14W CFL light Lobby 300 1.00 5.40
c Staircase-1 Lighting 0.018 28W tube light Landing 240 1.00 4.32
d Staircase-2 Lighting 0.018 28W tube light Landing 240 1.00 4.32
Typical floors - LHS &
Electrical & AHU Room Toilet Area
f 0.018 28W tube light RHS 16 1.00 0.29

Total load in kW by Energy saving method for

COMMERCIAL 32.15

Considering 10% Energy saving by using Timer

28.93
Total Energy Consumption in kWh/day
(Considering 12 Hours of Operation / Day) 347.20
Total Energy Consumption (kWh/Annum) 86,799.60

B Building Block 2
 No of Total wattage
Common Area Lighting Fixture type Units Numbers
building in KW

Typical floors - LHS &

Service passage on both sides
a 0.028 28W tube light RHS 990 1.00 27.72
b Extended Lobby Lighting 0.028 2x14W CFL light Lobby 300 1.00 8.40
c Staircase-1 Lighting 0.028 28W tube light Landing 240 1.00 6.72
d Staircase-2 Lighting 0.028 28W tube light Landing 240 1.00 6.72
Typical floors - LHS &
Electrical & AHU Room Toilet Area
f 0.028 28W tube light RHS 16 1.00 0.45

Total load in KW by Conventional method for

COMMERCIAL Building 50.01
Total Energy Consumption in
kWh/day(Considering 12 Hours of Operation /
Day) 600.10
Total Energy Consumption (kWh/Annum) 1,50,024.00

Energy Saving Method

Typical floors - LHS &

Service passage on both sides
a 0.018 28W tube light RHS 990 1.00 17.82
b Extended Lobby Lighting 0.018 2x14W CFL light Lobby 300 1.00 5.40
c Staircase-1 Lighting 0.018 28W tube light Landing+Midlanding 240 1.00 4.32
d Staircase-2 Lighting 0.018 28W tube light Landing+Midlanding 240 1.00 4.32
Typical floors - LHS &
Electrical & Utility Room, Toilet Area
f 0.018 28W tube light RHS 16 1.00 0.29

Total load in kW by Energy saving method for

COMMERCIAL 32.15

Considering 10% Energy saving by using Timer

28.93
Total Energy Consumption in kWh/day
(Considering 12 Hours of Operation / Day) 347.20
Total Energy Consumption (kWh/Annum) 86,799.60
C Energy Saving for Celling Fans
No of Total wattage
Common Area Lighting Fixture type Units Numbers
building in KW

a Office Area Fans 0.065 Conventional Fans 80 Watt Office Area Fans 30 1.00 1.95
b Lab Area Fans 0.065 Conventional Fans 80 Watt Lab Area Fans 50 1.00 3.25
c Library 0.065 Conventional Fans 80 Watt Library 6 1.00 0.39
d Staff Cabins 0.065 Conventional Fans 80 Watt Staff Cabins 75 1.00 4.88
e Other Areas 0.065 Conventional Fans 80 Watt Other Areas 25 1.00 1.63

Total load in KW by Conventional method for

COMMERCIAL Building 12.09
Total Energy Consumption in
kWh/day(Considering 9 Hours of Operation /
Day) 108.81
Total Energy Consumption (kWh/Annum) 27,202.50

Energy Saving Method

a Office Area Fans 0.024 BLDC Fans 24 Watt Office Area Fans 30 1.00 0.72
b Lab Area Fans 0.024 BLDC Fans 24 Watt Lab Area Fans 50 1.00 1.20
c Library 0.024 BLDC Fans 24 Watt Library 6 1.00 0.14
d Staff Cabins 0.024 BLDC Fans 24 Watt Staff Cabins 75 1.00 1.80
e Other Areas 0.024 BLDC Fans 24 Watt Other Areas 25 1.00 0.60

Total load in kW by Energy saving method for

COMMERCIAL 4.46
Total Energy Consumption in kWh/day
(Considering 9 Hours of Operation / Day) 40.18
Total Energy Consumption (kWh/Annum) 10,044.00

D EXTERNAL AREAS

No of Total wattage
Common Area Lighting Fixture type Units Numbers
building in KW

a Extermal lighting 0.070 1x70W MHL light Road 25 1.00 1.75

Total load in KW by Conventional method for

external area 1.75
Total Energy Consumption kWh/day
(Considering 8 Hours of Operation / Day) 14.00
Total Energy Consumption (kWh/Annum) 5,110.00

Energy saving method

b Extermal lighting 0.048 1x48W CFL light Road 25 1.00 1.20

Total load in kW by Energy saving method for

Extermal area 1.20
Considering 10% Energy saving by using
Austronomical Timer 1.08
Total Energy Consumption kWh/day
(Considering 8 Hours of Operation / Day) 8.64
Total Energy Consumption (kWh/Annum) 3,153.60
View publication stats

BVP Acadamic Building SOLAR PV CALCULATIONS

Energy Generation by using Solar PV Remark

Average Monthly Energy Consumption

No of Units Consumed Per Months in kWh 3500.0
Considered

Annual Energy consumption 42000.0 kWh

120% of Annual Energy consumption considered for Solar PV Design 50400.0 kWh

300 Days Considerd , Excluding Rainy

Total Solar PV Power generation per Day 168.0
Days

Solar Generation Per Hrs 30.5 5.5 hour/ Per day

Soalr PV Installed Capacity 61.1 kWp

However to Match the Peak Demand 100.0 kWp

no of Panel required @ 550 W /PV Panel 181.8 Nos

Solar PV No of Panels Required 190.0 Nos in Round off

Total Area in Sq Ft 3800.0 Sq Ft