7 Department of Education

National Capital Region

SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE
MARIKINA CITY

Music, Arts, Physical Education, and Health

MUSIC
Second Quarter – Module 1:
Music of Cordillera, Mindoro, Palawan and the
Visayas (Vocal Music)

Writer: Reymark Hipolito

Cover Illustrator: Noli L. Bragais

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 What I Need to Know
The lesson is an overview on the music from Cordillera Mindoro, Palawan
and the Visayas. Through the lessons, one will discover how the people from these
places express their feelings towards each other and the environment, their
history, and their supernatural beliefs through the medium of the voice. An
individual performance inspired by examples of music from Cordillera, Mindoro,
Palawan and the Visayas will culminate the educational experience.
The module contains:
● Lesson 1 – Music of Cordillera, Mindoro, Palawan and the Visayas (Vocal
Music)
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. Describes the musical characteristics of representative selections of
Cordillera, Mindoro, Palawan and of the Visayas after listening; MU7LV-IIa-
f1
2. Explains the distinguishing characteristics of representative music from
Cordillera, Mindoro, Palawan and of the Visayas in relation to its culture
and geography; MU7LV-IIb-f3
3. Identifies and explains different musical characteristics of representative
selection of Cordillera, Mindoro, Palawan and Visayas
4. Analyzes examples of Philippine music from Cordillera Mindoro, Palawan,
other Luzon Island Provinces, and the Visayas and describes how the
musical elements are used
5. Listens and describes how they performs their songs from Cordillera
Mindoro, Palawan, other Luzon Island Provinces, and the Visayas

What I Know
PRE-TEST (10 items)
Direction: Complete the table by classifying the keywords according to its place of
origin in your notebook.
KEYWORDS:
Gangsa Rondalla Guitar Kudyapi
Kulial Bungkaka Gitgit
Pagang Mangyan Hudhud

PLACE OF ORIGIN:
CORDILLERA PALAWAN MINDORO VISAYAS
1.) ng 2.) 3.) 4.)
5.) 6.) 7.) 8.
9.) 10.)

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 What’s In

Hey Buddy, Welcome to the first part of your lesson. In this phase, you will
be provided with activities that will activate your prior knowledge with regards
to the lesson. From there, follow-up activities will be given to elicit your tentative
understandings. I know you’re excited to learn. Okay, let’s begin!

ACTIVITY 1: Look Up! Look at the thinking clouds. Fill up lines below according
to the questions being asked.
♥ What do I know about the Cordillera, Mindoro, Palawan and Visayas?
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
♥ What I want to know about the Cordillera Mindoro, Palawan and Visayas?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
♥ What I’ve learned about the Cordillera, Mindoro, Palawan and Visayas
region?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

Module
Music of the Cordillera, Mindoro, Palawan
1 and the Visayas (Vocal Music)

In this module, you will discover how the people of Cordillera, Mindoro,
Palawan and the Visayas express their feelings towards each other and their
environment, history, religious beliefs, and most especially to their music.
As you go through the rest of the activities, all your questions will be
clarified. Finally, your knowledge, considering its adequacy and relevance will be
assessed at the end of this phase.
So, what are you waiting for? Let’s start!

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 What’s New
ACTIVITY: Bawal Judgemental! There
are pictures below, analyze each picture
where they belong. Put a check (√) mark
inside the table and add information that
you know about each picture.

Image Cordillera Mindoro Palawan Visayas

Apo Whang-
Od Tattoo
Artist
https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn%3AANd9GcRpu-
qpiDU6mQ_gniCkdeCqhE1EQHsYgCLEdA&usqp=CAU

Hangging Coffins
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e7/Sagada_Hanging_Coffins.jpg

Syllabic Script
https://66.media.tumblr.com/ac3dd0d666760891978bf54f5fc3d82e/tumblr_py3rzv6dWV1qkow7co1_1280.jpg

BoatLute http://images.powerhousemuseum.com/images/zoomify/TLF_mediums/141928.jpg

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 Perla Pound, founder of the Filipino-Australian Rondalla
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=http%3A%2F%2Fepr
ints.usm.my%2F40651%2F1%2FArt4-
Rockell.pdf&psig=AOvVaw2n13vnDIHQJA62KOIfKpVv&ust=1600964336048000&so
urce=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCPjrr43X_-sCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD

What is It
Music of Cordillera
Cordillera Highlands in the northern Luzon lives various ethnic groups such
as the Kalingas, Ifugaos, Igorots, and Bontocs, who have preserved their tribal
identity.
Among these ethnic groups may be found some of the most authentic songs
that are expressions of worship, songs to celebrate victory,
thanksgiving, marriages, and songs to fight disease, hunger
and the likes. Among these are melismatic chants used in
rituals, long epic songs during festivals, and other tribal chants
connected to their beliefs.
Cordillera ethnic groups are lovers of nature. They
appreciate the beauty of nature and create varied forms of
artistic expressions through songs, dances and art forms. Music
in these communities is essentially practical and incorporated
in their daily activities.
Vocal Music
1. Ibaloi Badiw – A style of singing without prior preparation or practice in
leader-chorus form
2. Owawi (Kalinga) – Lullabies
3. Dagdagay (Kalinga) – Infancy related songs
4. Bagbagto (Ibaloi) – Children Playing song
5. Hudhud (Ifugao) – Epic-poetry which is recited and chanted during
occasions
Characteristics of Vocal Music
● Melismatic – Vocal passages which has one syllable sung into several
note passages
● Free meter – musical meter that has no time signature

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 ✔ Background: Hudhud is a long tale
chanted during harvest or special occasions.
The tale of Hudhud Aliguyon is about the
heroism of two warriors who later become
friends.
Music of Mindoro
The name Mindoro came from the words
``mina de oro '' which means mine of gold was
given to Mindoro by the Spaniards because it is
the center for gold mining. Most of the Hanunuo Mangyans
are wanderers. They travel from different places where there is
food to eat. Mangyan is the general term for people who live in
the mountain region of Mindoro. The term Hanunuo means
“true “, or “genuine “. This word is used to describe the
Mangyans who have remained faithful to their traditions.
Mindoro Vocal Music
Ambahan is an indigenous poetry of the
Hanunoo Mangyan, it is inscribed using a system
of writing which is a descendant of the ancient
Sanskrit alphabet, the Surat Mangyan. It has no
specific tone style but it is monophonic in texture.
It is expressed in an allegorical manner. The
Mangyans write the lyrics of the Ambahan in a
bamboo tube called Luka as a means of
preservation. They take care of it, teach it and
pass it on to the next generation. They are taught
how to write the ambahan at a very young age even though they could hardly read
its script. Their songs include: Lullabies like the iyaya; Recollection of war exploits;
documentation; love lyrics; ritual chants like the ayung or ngayong.

The Ambahan basically has seven syllables in one line. The Ambahan ranges
from three to 134 lines. The poems represent a Mangyan’s personal thoughts,
feelings and desires. The Ambahan is a means to encourage the parents in guiding
their children, in expressing their love to them and in sharing valuable experiences
that can be applied to their day to day living. It is recited during social occasions,
in courting ceremonies, merrymaking, relaxing and worshipping. The vocal style
used is leader-chorus type.

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ACTIVITY: Listen up!
Below is an example of Ambahan from the Mangyan Heritage Center. Read the
poem and answer the following questions:

AMBAHAN

Hanunuo Mangyan Filipino English

Kawayan sa Marikit, The bamboo is tight That I
Pagtanaw ko, saw you at first sight
palapit Labong Was just sprouting and
pasyang kay liit still small, When I saw it
Nang daanan ko yesterday, It was standing
pabalik Siksikan firm and thick ready now
mga tinik Mainam to build a floor
nang Pang-sahig

1. What do you think is the message of the poem?

2. What do you think is the function of this poem in the lives of the
Mangyan?
3. How will you relate this poem in your life?

Music of Palawan
One thousand years ago, Chinese traders named the island Pa Lao Yu,
or land of beautiful safe harbor because of its many safe places to land their ships.
This is where the relics of earliest settlers were found and have been unearthed
and dated 22,000 years ago while its human habitation evidently proved about
50,000 years old. Some of the tribes known to inhabit the islands such as Batak,
Palawan and the Tagbanuas – one of the oldest ethnic tribes in the Philippines
which may be descendants of the early settlers, who came via ice-age land bridges
and of later migrants who came on boats. They were followed in the 13th century
by the Indonesians of the Madjapahit Empire. During the arrival of the
Spanish, Palawan was ruled by Borneo from Jolo. The Spanish first took over the
northern part of the island and worked south from Cuyo and Taytay. The Spanish
invaded Palawan in the 18th century forcing the Sultan of Borneo to give up its
full autonomy. From Taytay, the capital was moved to Puerto Princesa. Nowadays,
Palawan is an island of mixed tribes, who have been pushed to the interior, and of

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Muslim, Visayan and Tagalog settlers along the borders. Below are the ethnic
groups in Palawan and their Music.

Palawan Vocal Music

1. Kulial – A lyrical poem expressing love. Accompanied by Kusyapi (two
stringed lute) and played by a man, and pagang (bamboo zither) played by
a woman.
2. Tultul – A vocal music about epic heroes chanted at night ending at day
break

ACTIVITY: Listen up!

Please listen to the link
below “Lantege” (a
Pala’wan & Tagbanua
Love song) and answer the
following questions:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YQWbxIdMry0
1. How can you
describe the style of
singing?

__________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

2. What is the tempo of the song?

__________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

Music of Visayas
ACTIVITY: Picture Perfect!
Directions: Observe and analyze the pictures below and answer the questions that
follow.
1. Identify the pictures below.
2. What is the relationship of these pictures with each other?

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 The Visayas region is one of the most beautiful regions
to visit in the Philippines. Exciting events like the Ati-
atihan and the Sinulog festivals are well-attended by
tourists and members of the community. Scenic places
like the Chocolate hills of Bohol, and the Magellan’s
cross in Cebu are often visited by tourists and Filipinos
alike. The Visayas region is situated between the islands
of Luzon and Mindanao. Well-known provinces in this
region include Iloilo, Cebu, Negros Occidental and
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikiped
Oriental, Samar, Leyte and Bohol. It is the home to some
ia/commons/3/35/Visayas_Red.png
of the Philippines’ best singers like Pilita Corrales,
Dulce, and Sheryn Regis. Most Visayan music is written
in duple and triple meter with a simple melody that is
easy to sing.

Visayan Vocal Music

Folk songs like Si Pilemon, Pakitong-kitong, Ili-ili
Tulog Anay, Rosas Pandan, and Matud Nila originated
from this region. The long list of Visayan folk songs
includes lullabies, working songs, harana, and
children’s songs.
Musical style of the Visayas is a song-dance-debate between man and
woman known as balitaw. The theme is about love and marriage usually
performed by singers, dancers and actors.
1. Matud Nila – Visayan love song
2. Rosas Pandan – Visayan courting song
3. Ilo Nga Bata – Children’s song
4. Dandansoy – Ilonggo farewell song
5. Ili-ili Tulog Anay – Ilonggo lullabye
6. Si Pelimon – Visayan work song

Each region has their own traditional way of living. They have different means of
expressing their own culture through music. Variety of vocal music used in each
ceremony/ritual accompanied by their own handmade variant of instruments.

What’s More
ACTIVITY: Identify the Rhythm, Function, Pitch & Tonality of each song.

Song Title Function Timbre Tempo Texture

Bagbagto
HudHud
Ambahan

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 Iyaya
Tultul
Kulial
Si Pelimon
Dandansoy

What I Have Learned

ACTIVITY: Fill me in!
Fill in the boxes with things that you have learned about Vocal music of
Cordillera, Mindoro, Palawan and Visayas in this module.

What I Can Do
ACTIVITY: Change the World!
Good work! We are almost done! Based on the lesson that you have learned from
this module, I want you to reflect and think. Create a poem of 8 lines about how
you can help preserve the different vocal music in Highlands of Luzon. Compose
a melody to your poem.

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 Assessment
Post-Test
A. Multiple Choice
Directions: Read and understand the questions carefully and choose the best
answer. Write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided before the
number.
1. Hudhud is an epic poetry which is recited and chanted only during for
occasions in______.
A. Cordillera B. Mindoro C. Palawan D. Visayas

2. Ambahan is a rhythmic poetic expression composed of ____ syllable lines.

A. 5 B. 6 C. 7 D. 8

3. Balitaw is a musical style of Visayan which is a song-dance-debate

between man and woman, one example of this is ______.
A. Rosas Pandan B. Bagbagto C. Ambahan D. Ili-ili

4. A musical meter that has no time signature is ______.

A. Melismatic B. Free meter C. Duple D. Triple

5. Which of the following is an example of Mindoro Vocal Music?

A. Rosas Pandan B. Bagbagto C. Ambahan D. Ili-ili

B. True or False: Direction: Write T if the statement is correct and if FALSE,

change the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.
1. Hudhud is an epic song of Ifugao. It tells about an epic hero, Aliguyon. A
war song also sung during special occasions.
2. The Mangyans write the lyrics of the Ambahan in a bamboo tube called
Nipa as a means of preservation.
3. Tultul is A vocal music about epic heroes chanted at night ending at
daybreak.
4. Musical style of the Visayas is a song-dance-debate between man and
woman known as balitaw.
5. Vocal passages which have one syllable sung into several note passages is
called Syllabic Script.

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 Additional Activities

ACTIVITY : Let’s see!

Listen to the three versions of “Rosas Pandan”, let’s see the difference between
each version. Answer the table below the suggested links:
a. Visayan Folk Song Rosas Pandan (Choir)
● https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VWcOxwhWkUw
b. Visayan Folk Song Rosas Pandan (Kid)
● https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pPU1cbquZVE
c. Visayan Folk Song Rosas Pandan (Pilita Corrales)
● https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S-yD2WbWt-Y
Music Mood Timbre Tempo Texture
1
2
3

Follow Up Activity: Students will choose a version they can likely to perform

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 Answer Key

kudyapi
MELISMATIC a
T bungkak
T guitar
LUKA n
T mangya
C pagang
B hudhud
A rondalla
C gitgit
A kulial
gangsa
POST-TEST
Pre-test

References
Books
Department of Education, Music and Arts -Grade 7 Learner’s Material. First Edition, 2017Authors: Lourdes
R. Siobal ❿ Ma. Honeylet A. Capulong ❿Ledda G. Rosenberger ❿ Jeff foreene M. Santos ❿ Jenny C.
Mendoza ❿ Cherry Joy P. Samoy ❿ Rabboni C. Roxas ❿Joanna Samantha T. Aldeguer-Roxas

The 21 Century MAPEH in Action -Worktext in Music, Arts, Physical Education, and Health Teacher’s
st

Resource Material
Authors: Gerardo C. Lacia ❿ Adelina Pineda-Limos ❿ Lualhati Fernando-Callo ❿ Chrismarilene Resontoc-
Cabataña ❿ Narcisa Valencia-Lim

WEBSITES
VIDEOS
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VWcOxwhWkUw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pPU1cbquZVE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S-yD2WbWt-Y
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YQWbxIdMry0

PICTURES
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=http%3A%2F%2Feprints.usm.my%2F40651%2F1%2FArt4-
Rockell.pdf&psig=AOvVaw2n13vnDIHQJA62KOIfKpVv&ust=1600964336048000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFw
oTCPjrr43X_-sCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e7/Sagada_Hanging_Coffins.jpg
https://66.media.tumblr.com/ac3dd0d666760891978bf54f5fc3d82e/tumblr_py3rzv6dWV1qkow7co1_1280.jpg
http://images.powerhousemuseum.com/images/zoomify/TLF_mediums/141928.jpg

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 Development Team of the Module

Writer: Reymark Hipolito

Editors: Jovita Consorcia F. Mani
Layout Artist: Maria Isabel G. Tutor
Management Team:
Sheryll T. Gayola
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
OIC, Office of the Schools Division Superintendent

Elisa O. Cerveza
Chief, CID
OIC, Office of the Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Jovita Consortia Mani

EPS-MAPEH

Ivy Coney A. Gamatero

EPS – LRMS

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Schools Division Office- Marikina City

Email Address: sdo.marikina@deped.gov.ph

191 Shoe Ave., Sta. Elena, Marikina City, 1800, Philippines

Telefax: (02) 682-2472 / 682-3989

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