Finding and Creating Meaning in Life: Perspectives from the Roman Catholics and the

Atheists

For the Roman Catholics, God is the architect and the designer of all things on earth. He
created the world according to his plans and purposes. He created the world out of his love and
everyone is called to follow his examples. Catholics also believe that human existence on earth
is temporary; faith gives the believers hope that in life after death they will meet their Creator in
a place where there is no sadness and pain, a place they call heaven. To reach this place in the
afterlife, Catholicism prescribes that every individual has to live a selfless life, a life shared with
others, a life of loving other people without conditions.

- Selfless life was perfectly modeled by Jesus Christ when he became man and was
crucified on the cross just to save humankind from sins. With the selflessness of Christ
comes the meaning of one's existence-to follow the will of God.
● In summary, living a selfless life in the Catholic tradition is a deeply rooted and
fundamental aspect of the faith. It involves imitating the selflessness of Jesus Christ and
striving to embody values of love, charity, and service. Catholics practice selflessness
through acts of charity and almsgiving, love for one's neighbor, engagement in service
and ministry, and a willingness to sacrifice for the benefit of others. Selflessness is also
expressed through vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience in religious life, and through
the sacraments, particularly the Eucharist and Reconciliation. Ultimately, living a selfless
life in Catholicism is a way to fulfill one's vocation, connect with God, and promote love,
compassion, and reconciliation in the world.

On the contrary, what if there is no life after death? What if humans are just body without soul? If
these are not existing or real, will life have meaning? What if we are just one of the species of
animals bound to perish on a certain era? Are we still willing to submit ourselves to religion and
norms of society, or will we live our life according to what brings us happiness?

For the existentialists, God is dead, there is no life after death, and life has no meaning. They
posit that it is the person who should create his or her own meaning of existence. To have a
meaningful existence here on earth, a human being has to satisfy all his or her bodily desires for
there is no heaven. Furthermore, existentialists assert that heaven is here on earth and this
entails the worldly things and deeds that satisfy one's senses.

For Albert Camus, a well-known existentialist and atheist, human life is absurd. In this context,
the term absurd does not mean illogical or unreasonable.
● The notion that human life is absurd is a philosophical perspective often associated with
existentialist thinking, including some atheistic existentialists. It suggests that life lacks
inherent meaning or purpose, particularly in the absence of religious or divine guidance.
This view emphasizes the freedom and responsibility of individuals to create their own
meaning, grapple with existential questions, and find significance in personal choices
and relationships. While not all atheists embrace this perspective, it is a philosophical
 viewpoint that underscores the subjective and sometimes challenging nature of human
existence in a seemingly indifferent or purposeless universe.

He posited that life is absurd because people are constantly looking for answers, reasons, of
justifications for the good and the bad things happening in the world. Consider a priest who was
robbed and killed; certainly the first question of the parishioners will be, "Why did they have to
do it to a priest?" Camus pointed out that humans have a sense of justice and fairness which
they project onto the world, but the world always disappoints them by not adhering to their
established standards of fairness. It is inherent for humans to ask about the meaning of life or
establish certain norms. Humans continue to seek answers for so many questions and end up
with nothing. This illustrates absurdity which is the term used to describe the search for answers
in an answerless world. For Camus, since there is presence of absurdity, it does not matter
whether God really exists or not. Atheists like Camus find themselves in a valueless world. In
their perspective, religions contradict each other as to which values are correct and even
religious people sometimes seemingly become confused with their faith. For Camus, meaning or
purpose does not exist.

Shared values of Roman Catholic and Atheist

Roman Catholics and atheists may have differing beliefs when it comes to the existence of a
deity and religious practices, but they can still share some common values and principles that
transcend their differences. Here are some shared values that both Roman Catholics and
atheists may uphold:

● Compassion
● Empathy
● Ethical conduct
● Commitment to social justice
● Environmental stewardship
● Focus on education
● Promotion of peace and non-violence
● Emphasis on personal growth and fulfillment
● Belief in freedom of belief and expression.

These shared values provide a basis for understanding, cooperation, and collaboration on
various social and ethical issues, transcending religious differences and fostering common
ground in the pursuit of a more just and compassionate society.

It's important to remember that shared values between Roman Catholics and atheists can vary
significantly among individuals within each group. People's values and beliefs are influenced by
a complex interplay of factors, including culture, upbringing, personal experiences, and
individual philosophies. While they may not share the same religious beliefs, both Roman
Catholics and atheists can find common ground in their commitment to these shared values,
fostering understanding and cooperation on various social and ethical issues.
Essence versus Existence

For Plato and Aristotle, all have core elements and without those, things would not be what they
are. Those elements, collectively called essence, are inherent properties that give things their
defining features.

- For the two philosophers, all entities have substance (or matter) and form. For instance,
a shaver could be manual or electronic; it really does not matter as long as it can shave
hair. But if it does not have a blade, it is no longer a shaver.
- The blade is the core element of the shaver because it gives the shaver its defining
purpose. The two agreed that everything has essence including humans and they
believed that essences already exist before the time of birth. In this belief, one aspect of
being a good human is to adhere to one's essence. People are created to fulfill a specific
purpose and that endows them the essence of their life. This is the philosophy of
essentialism.

Jean Paul Sartre, on the contrary, argued that "existence (das-sein) precedes essence
(was-sein)." Under this claim, human beings are not defined by any predetermined properties or
essences. People are free to live their lives and they should define what they are, not in
accordance with an idealized set of characteristics. There is no set path that one is supposed to
follow. One creates his or her own meaning in the act of maximizing his or her absolute
freedom. This also entails that one is responsible for his or her own actions.
- For Sartre, "Man is nothing else but that which he makes of himself." In the point of view
of most existentialists, what matters is how and what one does with life at this moment
and not what will happen or her after death for there is no reward for good deeds coming
from God. This is the philosophy of existentialism. to him

In addition, theistic existentialism tries to invalidate the concept that God created humans and
the entire universe for a specific purpose. For adherents of theistic existentialism, the existence
of God is possible but God does not predetermine the meaning of life or existence of His
creations. Consequently, people are born into the world wherein their existence, actions, and
world do not possess real and inherent importance-this is the fundamental philosophy of
existentialism. It has to be noted, however, that existentialism is not synonymous to atheism for
there are existentialists who believe in the existence of God.
The concepts of "essence" and "existence" have been central to various philosophical and
theological discussions throughout history, particularly in the context of understanding the self
and human nature. These concepts have been explored in different ways by various
philosophers and thinkers, so I'll provide a general overview of how they are typically
understood.

1. Essence:
- Essence refers to the inherent, fundamental nature of something, including a person.
- It represents the qualities or characteristics that define what something is and make it
unique.
- In the context of human beings, essence often pertains to the essential qualities that define
an individual, such as their identity, personality, or human nature. For example, some
philosophers have argued that certain moral or intellectual qualities constitute the essence of a
person.
- The idea of essence is closely associated with the philosophical tradition of essentialism,
which posits that there are certain fixed, unchanging characteristics that define what it means to
be human or an individual.

2. Existence:
- Existence, on the other hand, refers to the fact that something exists or has being in the
world.
- It pertains to the actual, concrete existence of a thing or person in space and time.
- In the context of human beings, existence signifies the individual's unique experiences,
choices, actions, and interactions with the world. It encompasses the lived reality of a person's
life.

The debate around the essence and existence of the self has been prominent in existentialist
philosophy, notably with the writings of Jean-Paul Sartre and Martin Heidegger:

- Jean-Paul Sartre, an existentialist philosopher, argued that existence precedes essence. He

believed that individuals exist first and then define their essence through their choices and
actions. In other words, individuals create their own meaning and identity through their
conscious choices and decisions.

- Martin Heidegger, another influential existentialist philosopher, explored the concept of

"Dasein," which refers to the human being's way of being. Heidegger suggested that
understanding one's existence involves grappling with the fundamental questions of life, such as
the nature of Being itself.

These philosophical perspectives reflect a departure from traditional essentialism, which posits
that there is a predetermined, fixed essence for each person. Existentialism emphasizes the
importance of individual freedom, responsibility, and self-definition in shaping one's identity and
understanding the self.
In summary, the understanding of the self in terms of essence versus existence hinges on
whether one believes that there is a pre-existing, fixed essence that defines a person or that
one's existence is shaped by their choices and experiences. Different philosophical and cultural
traditions offer diverse interpretations of this dichotomy.
Understanding the self is a fundamental aspect of finding and creating meaning in life, and it is
approached differently by Roman Catholics and atheists due to their contrasting beliefs and
worldviews. Here's how each group perceives and explores the concept of self in relation to
life's meaning:

Roman Catholic Perspective on Understanding the Self:

1. Creation in the Image of God: Roman Catholics believe that humans are created in the
image of God, which means that each individual possesses inherent dignity and worth.
Understanding the self, in this context, involves recognizing one's divine origin and the
responsibility to live in accordance with God's will.

2. Moral Self-Examination: Catholics place a strong emphasis on moral self-examination. They

believe that understanding the self requires acknowledging one's sins and seeking forgiveness
through the sacrament of confession. This process of self-reflection is seen as essential for
spiritual growth and finding meaning.

3. Communion with Others: Understanding the self in the Catholic perspective is closely tied to
relationships with others. Catholics are encouraged to love and serve their neighbors, fostering
a sense of community and interconnectedness. This communal aspect of the self contributes to
one's overall sense of purpose and meaning in life.

4. Eternal Destiny:Catholics view the self as having an eternal destiny, either in heaven or hell,
based on one's moral choices in this life. This belief shapes their understanding of the self as an
immortal soul, and the pursuit of meaning often involves preparing for the afterlife.

5. Vocation: Understanding the self in Catholicism also involves discerning one's vocation,
which may include roles such as marriage, priesthood, or religious life. Identifying and living out
one's vocation is seen as a path to fulfilling the self's purpose.
Atheist Perspective on Understanding the Self

1. Secular Humanism: Atheists often view the self as a product of evolution and natural
processes. They do not attribute their existence to a divine creator. Understanding the self is
rooted in secular humanism, emphasizing the importance of rationality and empathy.

2. Autonomy and Personal Identity:** For atheists, understanding the self is closely related to
autonomy and personal identity. They see themselves as individuals responsible for shaping
their own lives, identities, and values without the need for religious guidance.

3. Moral Autonomy: Atheists develop their moral compass based on secular ethics and
humanistic values. They understand the self by making moral choices in alignment with their
personal principles, often guided by empathy, fairness, and rational decision-making.
4. Finite Existence: Unlike the Catholic belief in an afterlife, atheists generally see the self as
existing within a finite lifespan. This perspective can lead to a focus on living life to the fullest,
making the most of the present, and creating meaning through personal experiences and
contributions.

5. Personal Growth and Fulfillment: Understanding the self, for atheists, often involves personal
growth and self-improvement. They may engage in self-reflection, self-discovery, and
self-actualization to find meaning in their lives.

In both perspectives, understanding the self plays a critical role in the quest for meaning.
However, the sources of meaning and the nature of the self differ significantly due to the
contrasting beliefs about the existence of a divine being and the role of religion in shaping one's
identity and purpose. Ultimately, whether from a religious or secular perspective, understanding
the self is a deeply personal and ongoing process that contributes to an individual's overall
sense of purpose and meaning in life.

Finding and creating meaning in life is a fundamental aspect of human existence. It is a topic
that has been explored from various perspectives, including those of Roman Catholics and
atheists. These two groups often have different philosophical and religious foundations, which
shape their views on the purpose and meaning of life.

**Roman Catholic Perspective:**

In the Roman Catholic tradition, life's meaning is often deeply intertwined with religious beliefs.
Catholics believe in the existence of God, and their faith provides a framework for
understanding the purpose of life. Here are some key aspects of the Roman Catholic
perspective on finding meaning in life:

1. **Faith and Relationship with God:** Catholics find meaning in their relationship with God.
They believe that life's ultimate purpose is to know, love, and serve God. This relationship is
nurtured through prayer, worship, and following the teachings of the Church.

2. **Moral and Ethical Values:** Living a virtuous and moral life is central to the Catholic
understanding of meaning. Acts of kindness, compassion, and love for others are seen as a way
to fulfill one's purpose.

3. **Suffering and Redemption:** Catholics also believe in the redemptive power of suffering.
They see purpose in enduring hardship and pain, believing that it can lead to personal growth
and spiritual development.

4. **Eternal Life:** The hope of eternal life in heaven is a significant source of meaning for
Catholics. This belief in the afterlife reinforces the idea that earthly life is a journey with a greater
destination
**Atheist Perspective:**

Atheists, on the other hand, do not hold religious beliefs in deities, and their search for meaning
is often rooted in secular or humanistic philosophies. Here are some key aspects of the atheist
perspective on finding meaning in life:

1. **Secular Humanism:** Many atheists find meaning in humanistic principles that emphasize
the inherent worth and dignity of every individual. They prioritize the well-being of themselves
and others in the here and now, rather than relying on the promise of an afterlife.

2. **Rationality and Science:** Atheists often value reason, critical thinking, and scientific
inquiry. They see the pursuit of knowledge, understanding the natural world, and contributing to
human progress as sources of meaning.

3. **Personal Fulfillment:** Atheists may find meaning in personal achievements, relationships,

and experiences. They may seek to create a meaningful life by setting and pursuing their own
goals and values.

4. **Ethical Framework:** While atheists do not derive their morality from religious texts, they
often develop their ethical frameworks based on principles like empathy, fairness, and
cooperation. Living in accordance with their ethical values provides a sense of purpose.

5. **Legacy and Impact:** Some atheists find meaning in leaving a positive impact on the world,
even if it's not driven by religious motivations. They may seek to contribute to social progress,
environmental conservation, or the well-being of future generations.

It's essential to understand that these perspectives are not mutually exclusive, and individuals
within each group may have diverse interpretations and beliefs. Finding and creating meaning in
life is a highly personal and subjective journey, influenced by a multitude of factors, including
culture, upbringing, personal experiences, and individual philosophies. Moreover, people may
draw inspiration from a wide range of sources, religious or secular, to discover purpose and
fulfillment in their lives.

Living a selfless life is a central concept in Catholicism and aligns with the teachings and values
of the faith. The Catholic tradition places a strong emphasis on selflessness, self-sacrifice, and
acts of love and charity. Here are some key aspects of living a selfless life from a Catholic
perspective:

1. **Imitating Christ:** Central to Catholicism is the belief in imitating the life and teachings of
Jesus Christ, who is seen as the ultimate example of selflessness. Christ's life of service,
compassion, and sacrifice is a model for Catholics to follow.
2. **Charity and Almsgiving:** The Catholic Church emphasizes the importance of charity and
almsgiving as acts of selflessness. Catholics are encouraged to help those in need, whether
through financial assistance, volunteering, or other forms of support.

3. **Love of Neighbor:** Catholics are called to love their neighbors as themselves, following the
great commandment as taught by Jesus. This love extends to all people, regardless of their
background, and is a foundation of selfless living.

4. **Service and Ministry:** Many Catholics engage in acts of service and ministry within the
Church and their communities. This can include volunteering in local charities, participating in
missionary work, or serving as clergy or religious sisters and brothers.

5. **Sacrifice and Redemptive Suffering:** The concept of redemptive suffering is significant in

Catholicism. Catholics believe that offering up one's suffering or hardships in union with the
sufferings of Christ can have a redemptive and purifying effect.

6. **Forgiveness and Reconciliation:** Living a selfless life often involves forgiving others and
seeking reconciliation. Catholics are encouraged to practice forgiveness as a way to let go of
resentments and promote peace and harmony.

7. **Vows and Religious Life:** Many Catholics take vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience
when they enter religious life. These vows are seen as acts of selflessness, as individuals
willingly renounce personal possessions, relationships, and personal desires for the service of
God and others.

8. **Sacraments:** The sacraments, especially the Eucharist and Reconciliation, play a

significant role in helping Catholics grow in selflessness. The Eucharist is a symbol of self-giving
love, and the sacrament of Reconciliation encourages self-examination and repentance.

Living a selfless life in Catholicism is seen as a way to fulfill one's vocation and to align one's life
with the teachings of Jesus. It involves putting the needs of others before one's own, practicing
acts of charity and love, and striving to be a vessel of God's grace and compassion in the world.
While it can be challenging, selflessness is considered a path to spiritual growth and a deeper
connection with God and one's fellow human beings.