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Science 10 – Mirrors and Reflection January 11, 2024

Image Formation in a Plane Mirror

1. Laterally inverted
2. Same size
3. Same distance
4. Virtual
5. Upright

Image Descriptions

L – Location

➢ Depending on the location of the image relative to nearest principal points.

➢ At C, Between C & F, At F, etc.

O – Orientation

➢ Upright or inverted

S – Size

➢ Compare the image to the object’s size

➢ Reduced, Enlarged, or Same

T – Type

➢ Virtual or Real

VIRTUAL VS. REAL IMAGES

When you see reflected light, your brain thinks light has traveled in a straight line from behind.

- A virtual image is an image that appears to come from a

place that the light does not actually come from.

- A real image is formed where light from an object converged.

A real image can be projected onto a screen while a virtual image cannot.

Curved mirrors can form real and virtual images depending on the location.

➢ REAL images are ALWAYS INVERTED

➢ VIRTUAL images are ALWAYS UPRIGHT
Images Formed in Curved Mirrors

In locating the image formed in curved mirror graphically, three important points are
considered.

1. Center of Curvature, C
➢ The center of the sphere of which the mirror is part. Its distance from the mirror is
known as the radius.
2. Vertex, V
➢ The center of the mirror on its surface.
3. Focal Point/Focus, F
➢ The point between the center of the curvature and vertex. Its distance from the mirror
is known as the focal length F.

Ray Diagramming Principal Rays

1. Center Ray (C-C RAY)

➢ A ray of light passing through the center of curvature C reflects back along its own path.
2. Parallel Ray (P-F RAY)
➢ A ray of light parallel to the principal axis reflected passing through the principal focus F.
3. Focus Ray (F-P RAY)
➢ A ray of light passing through the focus, F is reflected parallel to the principal axis.
4. Vertex Ray (V-RAY)
➢ A ray of light directed to the vertex reflects at equal angle from the principal axis.