Part A - List of Experiments

The following experiments shall be performed by students in CBSE Class 12 Biology Practical:

 Prepare a temporary mount to observe pollen germination.

 Study the plant population density by quadrat method.
 Study the plant population frequency by quadrat method.
 Prepare a temporary mount of the onion root tip to study mitosis.
 Isolate DNA from available plant material (e.g., spinach, green pea seeds, papaya).

Part B - Spotting (Study and Observe)

Students need to observe and identify the following:

 Flowers adapted to pollination by different agencies (wind, insects, birds).

 Pollen germination on stigma through a permanent slide or SEM.
 Identification of stages of gamete development (T.S. of testis and ovary).
 Meiosis in onion bud cells or grasshopper testis through permanent slides.
 T.S. of blastula through permanent slides (Mammalian).
 Mendelian inheritance using seeds of different colors/sizes of any plant.
 Prepared pedigree charts of genetic traits (e.g., rolling of tongue, blood groups).
 Controlled pollination - emasculation, tagging, and bagging.
 Study of common disease-causing organisms like Entamoeba, Plasmodium,Ascaris and
any fungus causing ringworm through permanent slides, models, or virtual images.
 Models showing symbolic association in root modules of leguminous plants, Cuscuta on
host, and lichens.
 Flashcard models showing examples of homologous and analogous organs.

Part C - Practicals

The practicals included in the CBSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus 2023-24 are given below:

 Study of flowers adapted to pollination by different agencies (wind, insects).

 Identification of T.S. of morula or blastula of frog (model).
 Study of mammalian inheritance pattern using beads/seeds of different sizes/texture.
 Preparation of pedigree charts of genetic traits such as rolling of tongue, colour blindness.
 Study of emasculation, tagging, and bagging by trying out an exercise on controlled
pollination.
 Identify common disease causing organisms like Ascaris (model), and learn some common
symptoms of the disease that they cause.
 Comment upon the morphological adaptations of plants found in xerophytic conditions.
 The marking scheme for the CBSE Biology Practical Class 12 is tabulated below:

Evaluation Component Marks

One Major Experiment 5
One Minor Experiment (Experiment 2 & 3) 4
Slide Preparation (Experiment 1 & 4) 5
Spotting 7
Practical Record + Viva Voce 4
Investigatory Project + Project Record + Viva Voce 5
Total 30