Strictly According to the Latest Prescribed Syllabus & Style of CBSE ‘Scanned with CamScannerby \ Certificate an To to “Thisis to Certify that Mr/Miss .... PrAyanshl... S/o/D/o:...Mir:. bal. Singh. cf r in the practical examination held on... ‘Scanned with CamScannerPENN a all Experiments Date | Page ‘[-4. [7 prepare a colloidal Sof” of starch '|_2 | 70 prepare a colloidal sof of egg albumin 4-7 '| 3 |1o prepare a Sample of Aluminium hydroxide 8-44 ! 4: |To prepare a Sample of Ferric hydroxide 12-15) 5: |To prepare a sof of Mohr Salt a hes t] 6: [to prepare pure crystals of Potassium ferric 120-23, : oxalate kf Fe C20z)3]. i '|_% [7 prepare a sample of pure acetanilide fro Ty27 S| [anitine (Conse). : 8: |ro prepare a pure sample of P-nitroccetanilrcle 31 | H 3 |T> prepare 250ml of MO solution of Mehr's bo-33 : salt [ FeSOa(Niy)250q:6H20]. | 40-]ra prepare 250mi of Mito sefution of oxalic el ! cid from crystalline oxalic acid '\at. [ro prepare M/20 Solution of Mobrs soit, using oa ‘ tins Sol? fine cut the melaritykstrength of kMnO« H 42. |to prepare M/20 Sofution of Mchr's salt, findout \4o-47 ! the percentange purity of impure KMn0g Sampled : Zgrams which have been dissolved per litre, | 43. [to prepare M/50 solution of oxalic acid with its lesa H help determine the molarity and strength of : potassium permanganate solution. H 1& Ha identify functional group tn given organic compound 73-74 iL is. 7 cinalyse functional group in givenvorganic compounds hs j 16. IT identify the presence of carbchydmates, fats! Protein i samp] 77-84) y 17. |To analyse the givnsalt forms acidic and basic radicals. 185-2 Een tab anus] ‘Scanned with CamScanner wad: EXPERIMENT -1 AIM : To prepare a colforda/ solution (tyophilic sol”) of starch. Apparatus & Material Required. 100 ml_and 250ml beakers, Glass rod. Tripod stand, Filter paper. Burner. starch, Distilled water, etc. Theory : Starch forms a lyophilic ‘Sofation in water This form of coll ofdal sol? 4s directly ‘mixed with het water. it is quite stable and electrically| neutral, a Chemicals : 1 gram starch and distilled water. Procedure: Make the powder of the starch by grinding it with the help of pestle and mor tar. Take 5Smi of distilled water co a 109 ml beaker and dissolve the powder oF starch “in it to obtain a thin paste of starch. Take about 100 ml of distilled water in 250 mI beaker and heat the beaker for about Sminutes. When the water starts boiling. Poure the starch poste slowly with _ stiving. Teacher's Signatnre Chemistry | 5 ‘Scanned with CamScannerBeaker starch + water 6 | Chemistry Teacher's Signature ‘Scanned with CamScannerPage No. boiling for about 2-3 mi minutes Then cool the “content When whole of the’ ees has been added > con tina} of the _ beaker and filter it through “filter paper "nto “cin ther beaker. se || The = filtrate So obtained | iit colloidal solution of feel Srarcn: ie Precautions: ' — wa Both the beakers should be cleaned property. Miy [Convert the starch into fine powder before it) || making the paste of starch. : | tw) |The starch paste should be added fn boiling | water with constant stirring. | i W) The contents of the beaker should be Krought to reom temperature before Filtering it. ‘Teacher's Signature .. Chemistry | 7 ‘Scanned with CamScannerExpt. No. Date ... Teacher's Signature . 8 | Chemistry ‘Scanned with CamScannerDate Page No. EXPERIMENT-2 AIM: To prepare «a Colloidal solution of egg albumin. Apparatus and Material Required. 100 mi and 250 ml beakers, Glass rod, Funnel, Filter papers An egg » Distilled water. conical flask, tripod stand , etc. Theory: Egg albumin forms a lyophilic colloidal solutton in water at room temperature, the solution obtained as quite stable ad it fs not affected by the presence of any impurity. Procedure: Make a small whole ‘nm egg shell to get egg albumin f.€ colourfess liquid , into a beaker. Take about 00m! of distilled wated in a 250m! beaker and acd egg albumin very slowly with a constant stirring for about 1s minutes. Filter the contents oF the beaker through filtre jpaper: The filtrate so obtained is colloidal solution of egg albumin. Teacher's Signature Chemistry | 9 ‘Scanned with CamScannerDate ... Page No. .. Result: The .collofdal.. solution of egg albumin has been prepared. Precautions : The whole apparatus [ike beakers Should be cleaned! properly. Use only cold water to prepare the solution as hot distilled water will precipitation of egg -albumin occur. Do not use ¢€g99 yolk to prepare the solution. The addition of colourless liquid should be done in small instqliments with constant stirring. Teacher's Signature .. Chemistry | 11 ‘Scanned with CamScannerDate Page No. T | EXPERIMENT: 3 AIM: % prepare a sample of Aluminium hydroxide aluminium hydrated oxide. or Apparatus and Materials required: 200ml beakerand conical flask, 4 test tube, a dropper Glass rod, wire gaze, tripod stand, ete. Chemicals : 20m! aluminium chloride solution and distilled water. Theory: Aluminium hydroxide solution is lyophobic in nature:It is prepared — by _hyclroly sis ce alurminian chloride. The reaction is represented as ' AlGl3 + 3H20 ——> AUOH)s + HCL nC ers Crean a Procedure ; and precautions eo) Take q 250 ml Conical Flask and out process. glass Opparatus aluminium Aydroxide, ferric cide are sensitive| to jfonic impurity. clean it by steaming b) Clean all properly as l’ke sofutions Teacher's Signature Chemistry | 13 i ‘Scanned with CamScannerDate .... ©) || Pour 100m) clistilied water in the Flask end heat it over the wire gauze unti] the water starts boiling» qd) || Add 20 mi alamini am chloride fo “boiling | water, drop by drop with “constant Shaking: ©) || Keep the contents ‘undisturbed for some time at boom temperature’ f) || Remove the Het formed by | dialysis. using 4 parchment or Cello phone bag otherwise the Sslution become unstable. Result: The collellal solution of aluminium hydro- xide is formed Precautions: || The apparatus used in this experiment -should be cleanec| (properly. fy |] ALCls solution Should “be added in clistillecd water | : dropwise h constant Stirring - Wi |} HCL produced in the. sdution should be. cremavedet| ‘Teacher's Signature Chemistry | 15 ‘Scanned with CamScannerExpt. No. Page No. .. steam conical Flos, Gloss tune 16 | Chernistry Teacher's Signature ‘Scanned with CamScannerDate - EXPERIMENT -4 Page No. ... AIM: To prepare a collodial solution of Fe(OH)3 Ferric hydroxide ( Lyophobic solution). Apparatus and Materials required : 250 mi beaker | 260 mi conical flask , Glass rod Funnel . Burner, 7.24. Solution of feCtg, et. Chemicals: 7-2 1. Solution of FeClg@ distilled water. Theory: Fe(OH); solution is lyophobic collodiqt Sol”. It is obtained by cCondensaticn method LL Hydrolysis of Fect, unclergoes agglomeration to give particles of Colloidal dimension . These , i aoe particles absorb Fe jons from the Solution Gnd _ hence % quite positive change which Stabilises the Solution. Procedcttre: ee Dissolve 2g Of pure FeCtz |'n.100 ml distilled water taken in a of Fecig. beaker cond prepare 27 Sol”. L s+ || Take a conical ‘flask of 250 mI and fill it ‘wi th Toon = distilled water and heat to boiling. Teacher's Signature. Chemistry | 17 ‘Scanned with CamScannerAdd solution Feclz in the content of the flask clropwise with the help of « burctte with 4 Constant stirring. When a cleep recl solution of FeCly obtained in the flask, stop the heating anc remove the Impurit such as HCl by the process of cliatysis. The collotdal solution so obtained is Ferric hydr oxide in the flask, Stop the heating which is an example Of lyophobic solution. FeClg + 3H20 —4, Fe(OH), + SHCL (Deep red sol”) Precautions : Gy || The apparatus used Should he Cleaned properly. Wii) || 2% FeCtg solution should be aclded in distilled water dropwise with constant stirring. ‘ Hel produced in the solution by . experiment Should be removed by the jorocess of clialysis. Teacher's Signature Chemistry | 19 ‘Scanned with CamScannerPage No. Preparation of Grystals of Moahrs salt |: Solution Teacher's Signature 20 | Chemistry ‘Scanned with CamScannerDate ... Page No. -. ___EXPERIMENT-5 AIM: To prepare a double salt of Ferrous ammonium — sulphate (Mohr's salt) ,[FeSOa(NHaleS0u" 6 Heo]. Apparatus and Materials Required : 250 ml. beaker. China dish, Glass rod, Filter pares triped stand, Burner, sand bath, etc. Chemicals . Ferrous sulphate (70g)> Aluminium sulphaty (359). and dilute H2S04 (2-3ml). Theory: The double salt is made up of two, singe different salts which cryctallise as a single Substance but lonises as two distinct Solution which ciissolvect in water. Mohris salt can be obtained by crystallising an aqueous solution of equimolar amounts of ferrous sulphate and ammonium sulphate containing little amount sulphuric acid, this result In the formation of light blue or green crystals of ferrous ammonium sulphate. FeS0,-7H20 + (NH4)2 $04 ——? FeSO, (NH4)2 S04: 6 H2 +H) perrout Ammonia F's salt) tignt Biv? atphare sulphate. [Mopres Salt] taht teen Leacher's Stgnatare : Chemistry | 21 ‘Scanned with CamScannerPage No. ... Procedure: Take 1g ferrous Sulphate ancl 32S 9 ammonium Sulphate} in chine) clish and dissolve it qbout So mi of distille water taken in a 250 m/ beaker. Acld 2-3ml of dil. H2S0, jin it to prevent the hydrolysis) of ferrous Sulphate and heat for atleast Sminutes. If the solution is not clear then filter the solution. Transfer -the filtrate to the china dish and heat it td [_ |krystanisation point. * |[Place the china dish containing saturated solution Over aq beaker full of cold water. On cooling: Crystals of Mohris salt separate out: * || Separates the crystals at the suction pump and dry the crystals by placing between filter pads. | Observations: ” Colour of crystal = Light green, os Shape of crystal = Monoclinic. || Yield of. crystals =... gram. i] Precautions : || The solution should not be heated beyond the h Crystallation point. bi ]] The hot filtered solution should be dibwed to cool hee Slowly undisturbed jin a crystallisation dish @ver : with a watch glass © get large Crystalsof pure substancd, beet ‘Teacher's Signature .. Chemistry | 23 ‘Scanned with CamScannerDate .. Page No. EXPERIMENT -6 AIM > To prepare pure crystals of potassium ferric Oxalate ks [FeC204)3]- Apparatus & Materials Required : 250 Ml beqker. China dish, Glass rods filter paper» tripocl stand, Scand bath ,etc Chemicals: Ferric. chloride, potassium hydroxide, Oxalic acicl, potassium oaaiate. Theory: Ferric oxcilate can be obtained by dissolving freshly prepared freshly ferric hydroxide in a Solution of oxalic acid. FeClg + 3KOH ——>RGH)g + 3kel 2Fe(OH)g + H2C20q2H20 ——_»Fe2(Ca04)4 + 12420 Feo (C204) 3 + SK2C20q:H20_ ———>2Ks [Fe (C204) 3] +3H20 Proceclure : Dissolve 35 9 ferric chloride in about 250ml of distilled water in a 2850 ml beaker. Dissolve 4g of potassium hydroxide in about 25m of distilled water in a 250 mi beaker. Teacher's Signature Chemistry | 25 ‘Scanned with CamScannerDate sneennnnie Page No. ~~ Actcl potassium hydroxide in about 25m oF distilled water in a 260 ml beaker in small portions with constant stirring. Filter the reddish brown precipitate of ferric hydroxide. Wash the precipitate with disitilled warr| Dissolve 4g of hydratecl oxalic acid and Sq of hydrated potassium oxalate in about So ml of distilled water taken in .250ml beaker, Stir thoroughly to get a clear solution Dissolve the freshty prepared ferric hydroxide Precipitate in the solution of oxalic acid ond potassium oxalate with constant Stirring. Warm the contents of the beaker to dissolve, complete] ppt. of ferric Aydroxicle. Filter and transfer the filtrate 0 &China dish. Heqt the solution to” crystalline point Place the China clish containing saturated solution containing over a beaker full of cold water. On cooling crystals OF ppt ferric oxalate separate. out. Separate the crystals at the Suction bump, wath the crystals with a small amount of ethyl akehal and dry the crystals by placing b/w fitter joacis. Observations: yield of the crystals =~l29¢ i Colour of the crystals Green Teacher's Signature Chemistry | 27 ‘Scanned with CamScannerDate Page No. .. ____EXPERIMENT-7 — AIM: To prepare a Sample of pure acetdhilicle from aniline. Apparatus and Materials Required ; Beaker conical Fask. est tube, Funnel, Filter Paper, Sand bath, wire gauze, glass rod, etc. Chemicals: Aniline 10m{, acetic anhydricle toml, Glacial acid 10 ml tis tilled water. Theory: Acetanilicle 1S prepared from aniline by acetylating it with acetic anhydride ‘n the presence of glacial acetic acid. 9 NH 0 ° NH-C —cH3 tr + iS + CH3-C -0-C-Chg —> + ClsCOOH Aniline Acetic anhydride acetanilide Acetic acid. Procedure Take 10m] 2f acetic ciMhydride in a clean anddry 250 Ml conical flask and ada tom! of glacial acetic acid and shake the contents thoroughly - To this mixture ,over @ Sand bath boil for,10 min, by ackling 10m! oF aniline and fit a water Condenser on the flask- Lencher's Signature Chemistry | 33 ‘Scanned with CamScannerB tap xt To sink Flux condenser Aniline, * acetic nia * scetic atyy ride \\ tripod § Burner; ve stand 34| Chemistry ‘Scanned with CamScannerDate Page No. Pour the liquid from the conical Flask into zoom! ice-cold water taken in a beaker. while adding stir | the contents of the beaker vigorously usingglsrod. Filter the white Prectjitate formed and wash ft with Cold water. Recrystallisation of Acetanilide: Take the crude Geetanilide in the beaker and acid so mi of a mix: | oF 1 volume of acetic acid anc 2 volumes of water Heat to dissolve the solid. Filter the hot scluticn inte a conical flask and cool the filtrate in ice- Filter off the crystals of acetanilide formed and dry them by pressing them between the folds of a filter paper or by spreading on porous plate and measure the werght of? the crystals. ResultS: Yield of crystals = 10§ (about) Coloor of crystals = White Melting point = 114 ¢ Teacher's Signature. Chemistry | 35 ‘Scanned with CamScannerDate Page No. EXPERIMENT -8 AIM: To prepare a pure sample of p-hitro acetanilicte, Apparatus and Materials Required Beaker, funnel , glass rod, filter paper | etc, Chemicals Requires: Acetanide(59,Glactal acetic acid {Sml) Conc. sulphuric acid, conc. nitric acid, rectified spirit. (emt) — (osmi) weasel Theory: p-nitroacetanifide Gan be obtained bynitratioh of acetanilide , with a mixture of Conc. NHOg and conc. H2S0q: NHCOCH3 esas NHCOCH3 + HNO, ene Hey O] + coy" Lo} ae I OF. _Acetanilide HEEL Og seeeeLaee : P-Nitroac etanilide O- Nitroacetanitiae| (Major Product) (Minor product) Procedure Tako 69 acetanilide and Sm! glactol acetic acd | in tooml beaker. stir the Solution and then add fn small amounts (about 2ml at Q time), tom! conc. H2S0,, | with constant stirring. tlt @ ofear sol? ¢s obtQined. Cool the contents of the beaker by plactng th tce 2.5 ml @nc: HNOg and 2ml conc. H2S0z, and cool | plactng ‘Scanned with CamScannerPage No. Add whole of the nitrating mixture but in smalt installments 6 the solution tnihe beaker with occasional shaking and keeping the Solution cool. So that the temperature clops not rice above lo) het the content of the beaker © atiain hoom temperature and keep the solution (n the beaker to stand for about half an hour. Pour the Solution of the beaker (nto 009 of | crushed (ce taken fn 250 mf of healer. allow the contents af the beaker {0 stand fr tsmin, Filter the yellowsol’d mass using Buchner funne Wash the yellow solid with fce cold water to remove the least traces of acfd Dry the yellow sold mass by placing fn between filter pads | Reerystallise the yellow sol’d of pNitoacetst with the help of rectified spirft- 7 Results ! Wefght of the crystals ; about ag Cofour of the crystals = white Melting point Of the crystal: 214°C Precautions: The addi'tlon of Nitrating mfxture should be done > small installments, the temperature should not above 10°C while adding the nvtrating mixture. Teacher's Signature . Chemistry | 39 ‘Scanned with CamScannerDate Page No. __EXPERIMENT-9 AIM: To prepare of 250 ml of M Solution “of Mohr's Salt. FeS0y(NH4)2SO4: 6420. Apparatus and Materials Redauired. Watch glass, 250ml beaker, Glass rod, 250ml measuring flask, weight box, wash bottle, fractional ig ask, 9 weight box, ett Chemicals Required: Mohr's salt; conc. H25Q, and distilled water. Theory: Molecular mass of Mohr's salt = 302g Preparing for 1000ml of JM Mohr's salt solution Mohris salt required = 392¢ ~. For preparing 250 ml oF # Mohr's Salt solutfon Mohrs salt required = 392 x250x5, = 49 grams, Teacher's Signature Chemistry | 41 ‘Scanned with CamScannerDate Page No. .... EXPERIMENT -10 AIM: TO prepare 250 ml of ™/10 solution of Oxalic acid from Crystallin oxalic acid { teen 2H20 J} Apparatus and materials Required 250 ml beaker , Glass rod , Watch glass, weight box, analytical patance , asoml measuring flask and Wash bottle. Chemicals Required : Oxalic acid crystals and distilled water. Theory : Molecular mass of crystalline oxalic acid =126 g/mol. hence for preparing t0coml of 1M oxalic acid, Welght of oxalic acid crystals required =126 9 Therefore, For preparing 2soml of 011M solution Oxalic acid crystals required =126 x 250x041 = 3150 g_ Procedure; Take a wath glass, wash it with distilled water and then dry it: Leacher's Signature . Chemistry | 43 ‘Scanned with CamScannerDate Page No. EXPERIMENT“ AIM: To prepare > solution of Ferrous ammoniun| sulphate (Mohr's Salt) Using this solutton find out the molarity’ strength of given KMhOg solutlon.| Theory ? Molecular €quation 2KMnoy + 3H2SCy—> k2S04+ 2MnSOq+ 3H20 + SCOT 2FeSOe{N Halo SOu-6H20 + H2SC4+ [0] —>FAS 04) + AN He) Sout 13H20]XS [2kMn Ost Bible SO + 10f6 SOLWHa)2 SCh CH2O—>K 2S 0+2Mn SOet 5 Fe(SOq) 3+ 1O(WHa aC + 62H2O kMinOy - xtdising agent . Mohr's Salt ~ Reducing agent. Tonic Equation a i Hw Mn Ou + GH? + 5Fe” —> 5Fe + Mn + 4H20 Indicator: KMO,4 acts as self inclicator End Point : Golourless to permanent pink (kmncy in burete), Apparatus ond Materials Required . Watch Glass, burette, analytical halance, weight box, beaker, measuring flask, funnel, wash botte, pipette, conical flask, etc Chemicals Required: Mohr's salt anc Goncentrated Haso, and Potassium peamangnet solution and distitled water. Teacher's Signature .. Chemistry | 45 ‘Scanned with CamScannerPage NO. in Procedure: Take about 49 9 of Mohr's Salt crystals nea clean ard @ 250 ml clean buette cantatning about SO ml elistilled water. Stir the mixture with @ glass rod to atssolwe the acid. Add. Smt conc. H2804 © make solution clear. Transfer this sdlution © aq 280 Ml graduated er measuring Flask. Wash the beefer with atl: Hes04 and fill the rest of ¢t with water. Stopper the flask and shake “e thowoughly. This s requtred 4 Mohrs calt solution. Rinse and Fill the burette with:.contents of KMna] Place a white glazed tlle unde te burette. Pipette Out abouf 20ml Mohr salt Solution fn} to the tftration flask- Add tt Qn equal volume of dil. H2sc%y w it. Therate wlth KMnodg solution tit the first permal nent pink Colour _ appears. Repeat the clant headings are obtatlned tftration unless at least three concor— Teacher's Signature « Chemistry | 47 ‘Scanned with CamScanner| Expt. No. Date Page No. Sr. Initial reading Final reading oF [ Volume of KMnOq No. | of the burette the burette sol®, Used in mi, 1 0.00 QTS ans 2 0.00 274 224 3 0.00 27s 27-5 Concordant Volume = 275 ml Teacher's Signature ., 48 | Chemistry a ‘Scanned with CamScannerPage No. Observations; Weight of the watch glass = 1930 grams Weight of Mohr's Salt = 49 grams Weight of (watch glass + Mohrs Sait) = 24.20 grams Volume of Mahr's Salt Solution = 250ml Molarity of solution of Mohris Salt= 4 . Volume of Mohr's salt Solution taken for each titration= Calculations + From the equatfon 2kMnO, + BHaSOg* 10 1G Calta} 50, GHeO—>KeSOuth Mind FES.) eH ONH eh GO.+ BHO 2Moles Of KMinOg reacts with 10 moles of Mohris salt. .- Mikvtno, X Vittro, 2 Motetes saltXVentes sane 10 Mino, XV 2 Mkrino, = 2 22 20.007 | Miao. +20 1 Tov tors Strength of KMn0. Solution = Molarityx Molecular mass z = ByXISBg/L az. = 4 = 5 tA 6188 = 1149 9b ‘Teacher's Signature Chemistry | 49 ‘Scanned with CamScannerDate Page No. ... EXPERIMENT -12 AIM: To prepare M Ferrous ammonium sulphate [Mohr's salt) solution. Find out the percentage purity of impure KMnOg sample 2 grams which have een dissolvecl per litre. Theory Ay Melecular Equation 2KMnOg+ SH2S0q4 —> K2S04 + 2KINSOq+ 3H20 + STO) 2FeSOu(NH4) 2 S04 6 H20 + H2S0 4+ [O]—> FASOG+ AINNA)SO4 + 13 H20]x5 kvm at BH2504+ 10FeSO, lee Cy 6HE0 > ¥eSOa FMnSD afd 0)s+10NHeb SO GHD Tonic Equation Mn 04 + 8HY + 5@°—* Mn? + 4H20 rer ——> ret a 1s BHt + SREY ——>spe! + Min?*+ 4H20 MnOg + Apparatus « Glass rod, analytical balance, beaker, funnel o measuring fuhnels watch gass, burette, flask, pipette, weight box, etc wash bottle, conical Indicator . KMn04 ats. as self’ indicator, Kind Point * Colourless to permanent pik colaur . (kMno4 in burette). Teacher's Signature ... Chemistry | 54 ‘Scanned with CamScanner—>> Procedure 2 Prepare 250 ml of M Mohris salt Sol”. tby dissolving 4-9 gram “of Mohrs salt in water as described in te ©xper 5 ' eet M he's Salt sol” periment. The. pipette with the saute and pipette. out 2omi of It ina washed titration ell flask Rinse ana fil) the burette with given Kring seluticn se [Ada one test tube [zomi] full of clil-H2soagm)to the Soin. in the ‘titration Flask near the initial, reading of the bur ette., Now, i > |IAad Krinow Sol®. from the burette till a permanent colbur as. pink is observed to the solution in the tIEEALION Flask on addition of Last single drop of KM nOy Solettion. . Nove the final reading of burette repeat the above ete 46 simes %© get three conce #Harkheadling. ‘ Observation: Weight of watch glass = 339 5 ass + Mohr's salt = 8290 § Weight of watch gl Weight of Mohrs salt = 49g Nol of — Monhr's salt Sol®, = 2oml GF Mohrs salt sol, taken for each zitration = 20 ml Vol, Solution taken In burette = KMnO4y Sol% = M Molarity of Mohr's: salt z+ ‘Teacher's Signature Chemistry | 53 ‘Scanned with CamScannerExpt. No. Page No. .. “Final reading | Vol. oF KMno, Sol] ‘Sr. Tnitial Feading i No. | io burette in bure tte Go ml) 4 00 24.2 24.2 2 0:00 243 243 3 0:00 Zhe 24.2" - — Con cordant volumbe = 24-2 ml.” ‘Scanned with CamScannerPage No. -. Calculations ee a (a) Calcul @ MAM On of. Molirity of KMOq Sclution 4mm balanced chemical equation: it is Clear that moles of KMAOq re acis with 10 mMeles of Mohr's, salt Mirrinon x Vewnoy - 2 Mtoe cat x VMohrs salt e Manin Oatv _ 2 M 2 2 epee = KMnO4 = = SRE | ™ [20 x20 io tov (Oh Molacity of KMnOy Solution = 0.00826 Moll t ® |] Catcution of ctrength of Krnd, Sol” = Molari ty % Molecular ut- = 0-00226 x186 = 1.39 8Lt © || Catcutation of percentage purity of the sample (Given) | Percentage purity = fh x too =1207 Therefore perentange purity of Mehr's salt = 18 Oo ‘Teacher's Signature Chemistry | 55 ‘Scanned with CamScannerDate Page No. —A2_. EXPERIMENT -13 || AIM : To prepare 3 sotution of oxalic acid with - it and getermine the molarity and strength of Potassium permanganate Solution. ——- Theory: Chemical Equations th) || Molecular Equations 2KMNOg + BH2SOq —PkK250, + ZhinSO, + 3H20 + 5 (O] poo 2H20 4 [0] —> 2CO, + 3 H20]x5 CooH 2kMnOg + SHS, +5 eon 2H20 —>K2S04+2MnS04* 1¢H26 + 10002 tei || lonic Equation MnO, + BHt +Se7 —> Mat + 4H20 1x2 C204" —» 2002 4 2e7 1x5 aMnOg + 16HTE SC20q —> 2Mn'*+ BHA +10 602 | Indicator: kmMnoq is a - self indicator, End Pont: Colourless to Permanent pink Colour, {KMadq 1m burette] , Chemistry | 57 ‘Scanned with CamScannerPage No. Procedure Ss and ada them) Weigh 1.260 9 of oxalic acid crystal | acid st" in water to prepare soom\ of M/so oxalfe Using a soo ml measitring fask- | Rinse the pipette with the Miso oxalic Acid sol” And pipette out 2oml of it ina washed titrertics Flask. Rinse ang fill the burette with SL kMn dy Sol”. Add one test tuba (wZoml) fall of clit Sulpharic acid (+2M) to the sol in titration flask. Note the {Initial reading of the burette. Now ced solution from the burette til a permanent Light pink celour ts fmparted tothe solution in titration Flask on of last single drop of KMnd Solution. " Note the final reading of the burette- oo . Repeat the Above Steps 4-5 times to get cu “set of three concor clané reading. Observations Wt. of watch glass =. G “wt of (witch lass tHphrs salt) 1-25 wt. OF watch glass + Oxalle acfd=.....g wt: of oxalic acid salt=126g Nolof Mohr's salt=Soorl| Vol of Mobr's salt Solution tkenfor each titration: Zoml Molarity of KMnd4q Solution = M/so Leacher's Signatere Chemistry | 59 ‘Scanned with CamScannerPe -_|| Calculations. @ |[Motarity of the KMndq soi from overall Balanced chemicaler'} 2Moles of KMnoy Texts with Smodles of oxalic acid Mioinou % Virion 2 M oratic qciax V oxatic acid L Memnow y Vimnoq - 2 Mitoon= 2 2 = 4 mole? eG on S SVS @5V &) |] Strength of the KMa04 Solution > Strength(in g/L) =Molarity x Moleir mass = 4 x158 git Precautions ° Apparatus used should be clean properly, Solution of oxalic acid should be prepared with distilled wary = || Weighing should be done correctly. = |Last drop should be added fn flask very carefully. Teacher's Signatnre Chemistry | 61 ‘Scanned with CamScannerite EXPERIMENT “14 oe Experiment Observations Inference ___|Aim:To tlentify the fanctional group|in given organic compound. 4. |Test_of Unsaturation __.| Dissolve a small amount oF a | Brown orange colour | Unsaturation is Compound in CCl4 or Had added of bromine not ais- | absent bromine water dropwise, charge. 2: |Test for Alcoholic Group Adda Small piece of Sedium(val No effervescence | Alcoholic group metal to 1ml of given \iquicl in | observed is) absent a dry test tube 3. [Test for Phenolic A Carboxylic gp. » Litmus Solution test Dissolve a Smatl amount of orga- Blue litmus turned Phenolic or nic compounct in water or alcebel to recl. Carboxylic group ana add few clrops of blue sol? present. to it. Sodium bicarbonate test. Add a pinch of the organic C02 gas evolved ~COOM group is Compound to 2m of Sodium bi-| with brisk efferve. present Carbonate solM in a test tube. scence, [Ester test for-COON group, Aclel 2ml of ethyl citcohal ancl 2-3 No precipitate -COOH group is drop of conc, H250q to cr Small formed & present. quantity of organic compound | Sweet smelt fs dnd heated it. produced. Scant Chemistry | 81 ined with CamScannerTWAMIARIX 3 Date S.No. Experiment Observations Inference 4. |Test for Carbonyl group: Shook 32 ml Of organic compoy! No prt: formed Aldehyde and Ketone nd with 23 M of Q4-Dinitro- group absent. phenyl hycirazine in a test whe 5: [Test for Amino group Dissolve 8.2 g af organic comp: No evolution of Primary amino ound in dil HCL in co test tube} Nz gas Qroup alssent- Cooled the Solution in Ice anel added 2m of ice cold sol OF NaNOe sald, Result The given organic compe lancl_— contains Carb nylic group. _ 82 | Chemistry oo 7 ‘Scanned with CamScannerEXPERIMENT -15 No. Experiment Observations Inference — _ Aime To identify the Functiongl group in given cganic compound | Test for Unsaturation Dissolve 0.2q organic compoun! Brown colbur ef | No unsaturation to 2ml_ CClq then ack bramine| bromine is not iS present. water dropwise discharged Test for Carboxylic group - Addl a pinch of NatiCOs3 to 0-2] No effervescence: [Carboxylic group ml of Organic compound tha Ys absent « test tube. 3. | Test for Phenolic group. Add 0.2 mi of organic compound | No green or violet | phenolic group.is to Bam Neutral Fechy in teslwuy colour obtaned. absent . 4, |Test for alcoholic Group Add a small piece of Na metal | No effervescence, A\coholic group. to iml. of ‘given liquid in cry is absent, test tube. _ 5. | test for Carbonyl group Shook 0-2 ml of organic comp-| Orange / yellow ppt- | Carbonyl group ound with 23ml oF 2.3-dinit+| formed. is present- rophenyl hycirazine in test tuke : May be ketone or aldehyde group. Chemistry | 83 ~ oe eR EE —— ‘Scanned with CamScannerTUSMIAAIX A S.No. Experiment Observations Inference as 6. | Test for Aldehyde group: : Warm Imi of organic compa-| Silver mirror forma “Alclehyde fs And with dml of ‘totlen's rea-| “BM inner Side OF absent. gent in a test tube overunter. | the test tube. 7. \Test for amino group Aca Iml Cone. HC) cind fw: | No effervescencous | Amino group drops of alc. KOH Ina test tube] smelling gas is absent. And heated Ltaith Small evolved . Famount of otgams \iquid- ex- [Results The given organic compound contains aitehyde group. 84 | Chemistry ‘Scanned with CamScannerEXPERIMENT ‘16 - Experiment Observations Inference << AIM: To identify the presere of Carbohydrates, (ats »proveinsin eamnge 1. | Test for Carbohydrates wo | Cone. H2804 test ___| Tale a little sample in the test Burnt surgar | Carbohydrate is ___| tube and cone, W250, swnell. present Wo | Molischs test Take a little Aqueous soln of [A reddish purple | carbohydrate Is Carbohydrates in q test tube |ring is formed at present add Zdrops of @ Naphthoat. | the junction of two Now actcd Conc -H2S04 Along the | layesu. side of the test tube. is} Fehling’s test Take a little Sample of test reddish or yalow | carbohycirates tube acid to te 1ml of fehling precipitate form. | are present solutions heat the test tube on Water both dil, CuS0y Solation. W)} lodine test | Take a small amount of aq | Blue colour Carbohydrate sol. of sample in a test tube observed is preent. ana add 1-2 drops of iodine Solution into it. ; . Chemistry | 85 ‘Scanned with CamScanner| THBMIASIXS I S.No. Experiment Observations Inference 2).| Test for Proteins iy | Ninhyelrin test is Take 2m of the Sample ind Blue colour | Protein is test tube and adel 3-4 arops oF formed = ‘Present Ninhyciein solP. end boil the content li) | Mittlon's test - Take 1-2 mi of Sample {fn test} white prt: which Protein is tube and-ady 2 drops of the | changes to brick present. milllon's reagent red on boiling: iti) | Kanthoproteic test Take about 2m of the samp — Yellow ppt: is Protein is in q test tube and add few formed present Arops of conc: HNO into ft and heat the test tbe. iv) | Biuret test Take 5) oon ti “| y ake small quantity of cieper-| “ Biuteh vioiet | presence of sion of th inat oh e scummple in er test tobe| colour is formed Protein: and add 2m\ of NaOH sol” Ini Te > Now add 4-5 drops of 17, Cusay Solution and warm the mixtore | ees esoee for Ohout S minutes, fe po [| ;—————____ |. 86 | Chemistry, ie _ . ‘Scanned with CamScar nnerge) Spetnent Observations Inference oe Test for Fats. - | i) | Acrolein test Heat a little of the sample wit Apangent iritatirg] Oil or fat 6 Some crystals of Potassium | gadour of acrolein present. Bisulphate in a test tube [[cHe= CH- CHO] ii) Solubility test 4 Shake a small amout of the | sample is miscible, Oil OF fat is iver Sample with SmI each of present. " water, Chloroform & alechol 1 three test cubes. fi) |Transluscent Spot test Place a little of the substance | Transluscent, Oi\ or fat is ona filter paper and isfold the) spot appears on Present. filter paper by pressing ft, the fitter paper nad then UNford the Filter pap) ivy | Baudouin rest Take Sm\ of melt ghee ina test] Rose-red colour Oil or fatis tube anal add 5 mil of conc: HCl appears. present and 2-3 drops of 2% Furfural| Cin vanaspatt ghee) solution {n alcohol in tt: Shake! the test tube well: Keep it dside for 5-P minutes- . : Chemistry | 87 ‘Scanned with CamScannerS.No. Experiment am ae . dil bdsic radi Aim: To analyse the given salfs from acidic & adicals. + _| Physical Exarfinatlons ayer gt ©: | Note the colour of given Salt: Creel Col Niet ‘9. |note the smell_of the sath. | NUE 2 CHOC my ete 2. iDry heating test -a). [Heat a pinch of salt ina cry | colourless or odourl] GO” may be 1 |test tube and note the following! ess qas evolved Present. observations. ).| Pass the limewatt_lime water turns | Cog” may be. token in gas détecton, milky present. ©. Sublimation « No Sublimation —_|Ammorium halide | OCcure ammonium choside.| Jodfcle mole absni 4). | Decrépitation 5 ; 2 No cracking sound | ead nitrate :bas) Observed nitrate may bea e). | Colour of thi 4 - e residue. Yellow when hat & bas? may be pres White when cold. ee | nanan ee Cg 88 | Chemistry oo. ‘Scanned with CamScannerObservations Inference 3.\Aim: Charcoal cavity test Mixed Small amount of salt The residue in the mt may be with double the quamiity of present: NazGo3 and heat the mixture] equity is_yellow When] hot ane Cold cures) white. On Charcoal cavity in reducing form, 4: | Cobalt nitrate test. Do not perform this test Ze Mg’, At, POR becquse the resiclve in char- may be_present- Coal cavity ts not white. 5-| Flame test Prepare a paste of Salt with Gree Flashed seen Zn°* may be cone. HCL and performed flame with nacked eyes. present. test with platinum wire. 6. | Borax Bead test Cutt, Feat, Math cott Bo _not perform this test ble the salt {ts white. NiZt , may be present 7. Diluted Sulphuric acid Test Treat_a pinch of salt withdil: Colourtess otourless qné COs" present. H2sOn passed atove gas through: evolved with brisk, Lime water taken fh gas detector. effervescence , ime scater tums milky, Chemistry | 89 ‘Scanned with CamScannerDate .. S.No. Experiment Observations Inference = Shook _& pinch of salt-water _| salt_didnot disse |_CO3_1 present] taken in_a tube & | KMnOa_ test “To a small amount of salt _| Pink colbur of Kn Cur, Bal.” ond added Ail. H2S0q And Aropect | fs not changed C20q_ is Absent KMnOy Solution. Q. | Confirmatory test for Carbonate _ iy | Shook the test with water in | Salt is insoluble | Unstable Carbonate the test be fn water fdicator/incolil i) | Ada il HCL to the saltin_the_|Brisk effervescence test tube. with evolution of “ii) | pass the gas through lime watercoburless 39s) lime | Insoluble @arbonate taken In a gas detector + werter turns milky 40-| Cone. H2S04 test iy_| Tis tesk is not perform as CI, Bey Los, 2%, Isat reqcts with dil. H2S0q CHa Coo" are absent fi) [Heat a pinch of Salt with | No 945 evolved T Nat is absont cone. NaOH Solution with ammonical smell 90 | Chemistry _- it ‘Scanned with CamScannernate sue | Experiment Observations Inference ] _1t_| Preparation of Original __| Salt Solution. iy_| Shocka pinch of salt-water insoluble clear Solutio ti) | Shook a pinch of Satin dil. HCL Pbtained lebelied it | a original salt 12 | Test for Group-1 As (ne original Sel is prepara | No ppt: formed Group t in Atlubel Het. (Pb™) absent 418-| Test for Group-l Through a partof criginal | No ppt formed Gropp. sol® pass HS gas. Pb Cams Asi absent] ay. | Test for Group -m Addo pinch of solid aremanium | No ppt formed Sceup vh chtoricle t “the remeitning Sol” vr Fe** are Boil the solution Gand add absent excess of Gmmeniam hydronitest 45. | Test for Group IV Pass HeS. gas through the white ppt formed Group tv part of above sl” formed. Cdirty white ppt). Zn** ic present. ‘Scanned with CamScannerDate on. S.No. Experiment Observations Inference 1c. | Confirmation test for Zn* iy | Dissolve the clirty white ppt in Ail HCL and boiled. ii) [7 one part added Nadt: |. |” white ppt soute ‘Ly* _confiemed. Soluton drop wise. \n excess OF NQOH, Ny | To anotner part added Potassium. Bluish white Zn Confirmed. ferrocyanide Solution Ppt: formed . Result + The given Salt Contains acrelic Radteaf i Coe basic Aqaticalt Zn" 92 | Chemistry —— ‘Scanned with CamScannerExperiment Observations Inference a. IAM: To analyse the given leatt forms aqciciie Ybasic naaiicals. Physical Examinations. Note the colour of given salt+ white. Curt Fe, Ni“ CO™* IMn@'may be absent - ity Note the smell of given salt. No characteristic NHgt 875 CH3COO” Odour /Ssmell. may be absent- @ | Dry heating test Heat a pinch of the salt ina dry test tube and note the Following observations. 3).| Gas evolution heat 1 gram of salt ina Greenish yellow | CI is present. dary test tube tO’ get gas- a gas which bleaches moist Vitmus paper: . 4) | Sublimation No sublimate Ammonium halides, formed, Jodides , ammonium chlorides may be cibsent 5 | Decrepitation No cracking sound lead nitrate sbarivth . observed nitrate may be ager @)| Colour of Residue white Chemistry | 93 ‘Scanned with CamScannerDate S.No, Experiment Observations Inference 7. | Charcoal Cavity test - , + 24 Cate Mix a small quantity of salt | White residue Bt, Mg*, Co" cu with twice quantity of Na2C03| Formed in [2n2* are Indicate Place the miature in charcoal | Charcoal cavity cavity And add a drop of ware Xhen heat fio Fesicueing Fame. ®. | Cobalt Nitrate test Add cobdlt nitrate solution in | No speci 1c colur| At, PORT white residve from charesal | Clue, Pink, Green | Zn2+ Cavity and heat in oxidising fia, "esidve ). Mq?*, 9) |Fame_ test Mix_the Salt with cone Hcl ond | No specific colour] St2*, Coes pat, ip loop of Prive in lt. Put the | imported to the Flame Cur*, Zntt, Mor \eop ot the base of Hom-lumrinous _[(Crimson rea, brickred | py : Flame of burner and observe the | Green Flashes Arommes), Colour of the Flame. 40) | Borax bead test Heat A crystal Of borax tilt | S| NO specific calour | Cy2* Crt, cues transparent glassy mass ts obinined pCO Cr Su 624 yy get obtained “Touch this mas: with Fe, Fe} NITEM colbured salt and heat cynin in| poo ‘an oxidising Flame, pot {| pa 96 | Chemistry ee ‘Scanned with CamScanner