4C Outers

Enthalpy Changes 1
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Take the specific heat capacity of water as 4.2 J K -1 g-1 and assume that any solutions have the same
specific heat capacity as water. Ignore the specific heat capacity of solids and assume that 1.00 cm 3
of any solution has a mass of 1.00 g.

1) Calculate the energy needed to raise the temperature of 0.5 kg of water from 293 K to 315 K. [3]

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2) An excess of zinc powder was added to 50.0 cm 3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 aqueous silver nitrate in a
plastic cup of negligible heat capacity. The temperature of the liquid rose from 294.1 K to 298.4 K.
Calculate the enthalpy change for the reaction of 1 mole of zinc. [5]

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3) The standard enthalpy change for the reaction NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq)  NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)
is –58 kJ mol-1. Calculate the temperature rise if 100 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid is
added to 200 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 aqueous sodium hydroxide. Assume that there would be no heat
loss from the solution. [4]

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4) 11.8 g of a crystalline solid, C 4H6O4, was dissolved in 200 cm3 of water. The solution proved to
be acidic. The temperature rise when 100 cm 3 of 4 mol dm-3 aqueous sodium hydroxide was added
(initially at the same temperature as the acid solution), was 13.0 K. The alkali was in excess.
Calculate the energy change which occurred in the experiment. What would the enthalpy change be
for one mole of acid? Compare this value with the value given for the enthalpy of neutralisation for
one mole of hydrochloric acid in the previous question and from your comparison, suggest the
number of carboxyl groups on one mole of the organic acid explaining any assumptions you make.
Hence suggest a structural formula for this compound. [7]

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5) For this question you need the standard enthalpy of combustion of benzoic acid (-3227 kJ mol -1)
and the Mr of benzoic acid (122). A bomb calorimeter is used to combust 1.2 g of benzoic acid.
The temperature rise is 3.42 K. Calculate the energy required to increase the temperature of the
calorimeter by 1 K. The complete combustion of 0.6 g of pure graphite in the same calorimeter
increases the temperature of the calorimeter by 2.09 K. Calculate the energy release which
corresponds to a temperature change of 2.09 K. Hence calculate the enthalpy change for combustion
of 1 mol of carbon and write a thermochemical equation for the reaction. [6]

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