Conductance

Conductance, cell constant, specific conductance and molar

conductance; Variation of specific and equivalent conductance with
dilution for strong and weak electrolytes; Kohlrausch’s law of
independent migration of ions; Equivalent and molar conductance at
infinite dilution and their determination for strong and weak
electrolytes; Ostwald’s dilution law; Application of conductance
measurement (determination of solubility product and ionic product of
water); Conductometric titrations (acid-base) Transport Number and
principles Moving-boundary method.
Order Of Conductivity of the following ions in aqueous solution:
Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+
 Ionic Conductivity and Ionic Mobilities:
Equivalent conductivity of any electrolyte at any dilution is directly proportional to the
charge carried by the ions and their velocities. The conductivity is thus given by the
products of charge and velocity of individual ions. At infinite dilution the ionization is
complete and the solution containing one equivalent of various electrolytes contains
equivalent number of ions. Hence at infinite dilution total charge carried by all ions is same
in every case. Because the total charge is constant at infinite dilution, the Λa must depend
exclusively on ionic velocities.

Defining the ionic velocity or mobility as the speed with which a charged a particle at
infinite dilution moves under a potential gradient of one volt per cm, we have

Where k is a proportionality constant and u+ and u- represent the ionic velocities at infinite
dilution. Since 1 equivalent of an ion under unit potential gradient carries a charge of 1
Faraday per sec., the proportionality constant k = 96500 coulombs.

Ionic conductivity is expressed in S cm2, while ionic mobility is expressed in cm s-1.