ASSIGNMENT OF

FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH
Political instability and Govt. of Pakistan

Mahnoor Akhtar
BS CS Section A
Roll no:23021519-080
Department of Computer Science
 Political instability and government of Pakistan

Outline
➢ Introduction
➢ Historical back ground
➢ Political instability
➢ Overview of political history
➢ Major political events leading to instability
➢ Corruption in political institutions
➢ Weaknesses in democratic processes
➢ Economic factors
➢ Role of military
➢ Current political situation
➢ Conclusion

Political instability in Pakistan refers to the frequent changes and uncertainties in the country’s
government and leadership. Over the years, Pakistan has experienced shifts in political power,
resulting in a lack of stability. Factors such as corruption, governance issues, and military
interventions have contributed to this instability. The country has witnessed multiple changes in
the leadership through both democratic and non-democratic means. These transitions have
impacted policy continuity and development. Challenges like economic issues and security
concerns have further complicated the situation. Despite efforts to establish a stable government,
Pakistan continues to grapple with political turbulence. Achieving sustained stability remains a
key goal for the nation’s progress and development.

The political landscape in Pakistan has been marked by a series of coups, martial law, and self-
ruled transitions since 1947. The military has been played an important role in the country’s

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political, leading to period of direct military rule. Civilian governments have alternated with
military regimes, creating an environment of uncertainty.

Corruption has been a very bad issue in Pakistan with allegations of financial problems and
mismanagement leading to public problems. Government challenges and problems including
improperness in public administration and bureaucratic problems, have also stopped the
establishment of a stable political environment.

Economic issues, such as high inflation, growing debt burden, unemployment and many other
financial challenges leads to the instability of the government. Security problems including
regional problems and terrorism have further increase the political instability in Pakistan.

Struggles have been made to solve out these problems with constitutional reforms and attempts to
power the democratic institutions. However gaining sustained political stability is still a complex
task that requires a huge and comprehensive reforms and a commitment to a good governance.

Political instability means that a country often has changes and uncertainties in the government
and leadership. It happens when there’s a lot of shifting in who is charge, and this can make it hard
for the country to have a steady and predictable way of doing things. This lack of instability can
affect the country’s progress and development.

Furthermore, political instability can contribute to social unrest and dissatisfaction among the
populace. The constant state of flux in the government can erode trust in political institutions,
potentially leading to protest, demonstrations, and a general sense of insecurity among citizens.
This unrest can have cascading effects on various aspects of society, from economic activities to
the overall well-being of the population.

In essence, political instability creates a interesting environment for a country, impacting its ability
to navigate complex global issues, interest investments, and ensure the well-being of its citizens.
Establishing a foundation of political stability is crucial for fostering sustainable development and
maintaining a positive solution for a nation’s future.

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Political instability is usually attached to factor such as bad government system, corruption and
external pressures. Corruption in fact can undermine the functioning of the government
institutions, which leads to a lack of trust on People which are leading the government or
institutions including the bureaucratic inefficiencies and policy inconsistencies that usually
contribute to the challenges that are linked with maintaining political stability in Pakistan.

External pressures, whether from any angle (geopolitical conflicts or economic dependencies) can
further exacerbate political instability. For example Pakistan is facing regional tensions or reliance
on external helps may find it challenging to develop and establish a resilient political framework
in Pakistan.

Efforts to address political instability often involve constitutional reforms, powering self-ruled
institutions in Pakistan and implementing measures to end corruption. Successful circles focus on
building a transparent and accountable government that is fostering civic engagement, and creating
an environment conducive to economic growth in Pakistan.

Pakistan’s political history has been marked by periods of civilian rule and military interventions.
The country gained independence in 1947 and initially experienced democratic governance.
However, military coups occurred in the later years, leading to periods of military rule. Since the
early 2000s, there has been a return to civilian rule, with a mix of democratic transitions and
challenges. Political dynamics in Pakistan continue to evolve, impacting governance and
development.

The ebb and flow between civilian and military rule have shaped the political area of Pakistan. The
transition between these forms of governance have often been followed by shifts in policy
priorities. While democratic periods have seen a focus on civil liberties, military rule has at times
emphasized stability.

Despite the return to civilians rule in frequent year, Pakistan has faced challenges in establishing
consistent governance. The complex geopolitical environment, regional tension and many issues
Such as: Corruption and Social problems. Navigating these challenges is important for sustaining
democratic institutions and developing socio-economic.

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The interplay between democratic examples and effect of military forces remains a defining aspect
of Pakistan’s political landscape. This dynamic has not only shaped the government of Pakistan
but it has also affected its international relationships. Trying for a balance between civilian
management and military considerations is an ongoing challenge, that is requiring nuanced
approaches and tactical decision making in Pakistan.

In recent years, there have been struggle to provide power to self-ruled institutions and address
issues Such as Corruption. Civil society has played an important role in advocating for
transparency and accountability. However, the road to stable governance is still fighting with
complexities. The power of Pakistan’s democracy depends upon addressing these problems and
providing a political environment that prioritizes the well-being of its citizens,

As Pakistan navigates its political landscape, both international and domestic factors play a role.
Achieving balance development and political stability requires a concerted effort from everyone
including government people, civil society members and the broader public.

The ongoing narrative of Pakistan’s political history underscores the importance of finding
solutions for the benefit of the nation and its people in Pakistan.

Major political events leading to instability in Pakistan refer to significant happenings in the
country’s politics that make things uncertain a shaky. These events could include things like
conflicts among political leaders, disagreements on important issues, or disturbances that create a
sense of insecurity and unrest among the people. When there’s instability, it means the situation is
not very steady or clam, and there’s feeling of uncertainty about what might happen next.

Instances of political instability in Pakistan often arise from power struggles and ideological
difference. Conflict among political leaders can lead to divisions within the government, resulting
in policy paralysis and a lack of effective decision making,

Disagreements on vital issues, such as economic policies, foreign connection or internal security
can create a climate of uncertainty and it can lead to political instability.

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Disturbance, whether in the form of protests, civil unrest, or political protest, contribute to the
overall sense of instability. These event can disrupt daily life deter economic activities, and corrode
public confidence in the government. The aftermath of such problems may lead to lost of trust
from political institutions.

In recent few years, Pakistan has faced several instances of political instability. Power struggles
between different political factions have been a repeating theme, that is affecting the continuity of
effective governance. Disagreements on economic policies, in the context of arranging fiscal
challenges and ensuring equitable improvement have participated tp periods of uncertainty in
Pakistan. Moreover, regional tensions and external pressures have also played an important and
vital rule in developing political environment. Problems related to national issues like: Security,
terrorism, and geopolitical dynamics have more complicated the landscape making it more difficult
and challenging for the government of Pakistan to maintain stability.

Efforts to face these problems and hurdles have included initiatives to develop political dialogue,
strengthen self-ruled institutions, and enhance economic resilience. However, the way to enduring
stability remains a complex and bad process in Pakistan that requires a comprehensive and
sustained commitment from all stakeholders involved in Pakistan’s politics

“Corruption in political institutions in Pakistan” means that some people in the government or
those associated with political activities are involved in dishonest or illegal behavior. This could
include taking the bribes (money or favors) for favors, misusing public funds, or engaging in other
activities that go against the rules and principles of fair and transparent governance. When there’s
corruption in political institutions, it can affect how the government works and can lead to a lack
of trust among the people.

The harmful effects of corruption are creating effect throughout the socio-political fabric of the
nation. Misuse of public funds for instance can divert resources away from essential services and
development projects, hindering overall economic progress. Moreover, the dishonest practices
within political circles can lead to fostering a lack of faith in the government’s ability to serve the

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public interest. This erosion of trust can hinder civic engagement and also hinder the effective
functioning of democratic institution.

To combat corruption and restore believe in political institutions, there is a need for healthy anti-
corruption measures, transparent governance, and hard adherence to ethical standards.
Strengthening institutions responsible for oversight and accountability is important for creating a
system where malpractices are promptly identified and located. By promoting a culture of integrity,
Pakistan can strive towards building a political environment that build public trust, enhances
governance effectiveness and supports bearable development.

In recent some years, Pakistan has find out the detrimental effects of corruption on its political
landscape and has undertaken efforts to address these problems in Pakistan. Anti- corruption
initiatives, legal reforms, and the development of independent oversight bodies have been part this
strategy. However, the effectiveness of these measures needs for ongoing commitment to ensure
accountability at all levels of government in Pakistan.

Public awareness and education in country play an important and vital role in the fight against the
corruption. By developing a sense of civic responsibility and encouraging transparency in
Pakistan. Pakistan can empower its citizens to participate actively in holding political institutions
accountable. Additionally, international cooperation approach in handling this pervasive issues in
Pakistan. Ultimately, in Pakistan the journey towards a corruption free political landscape and
Pakistan requires sustained efforts, institutional reforms and a collective commitment to upholding
ethical standards in government of Pakistan. The whole Pakistan is filled with corruption.

"Weaknesses in democratic processes in Pakistan" in simple terms means that there are problems
or shortcomings in how the democratic system works in the country. This could involve issues like
unfair elections, where not everyone has an equal chance to vote or where the process is not
transparent. It might also include problems with how decisions are made or how different voices
are heard in the democratic process. When there are weaknesses in democratic processes, it means
that the way people participate in making decisions about their government isn't as effective or fair
as it should be.

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Unfair electoral practice, such as voter defeat or manipulation, can undermine the core principles
of self-rule, diminishing the legality of elected representatives. Weaknesses in decision-making
curses may result in policies that do not adequately reflect the diverse needs and perspectives of
the population, leading to a sense of alienation among certain groups. Furthermore. A lack of
transparency in the self-ruled process can breed mistrust among citizens, impeding their
willingness to actively engage in civic activities.

The political situation in Pakistan has a profound impact on society. It influences economic
stability, infrastructure development security social connection education health care and the rule
of law. Addressing these issues requires stable governance anti-corruption measures and tries to
bridge political divisions, all of which are important.

Weakness in decision-making process in Pakistan has been observed, with certain segments of the
population feeling inadequately represented in policy making in Pakistan. We need for a more
robust process for incorporating diverse perspectives in decision-making in Pakistan.

“Economic factors leading to instability in Pakistan” means that issues with how money and
resources are managed in the country are causing problems. This could include things like high
inflation, unemployment, or unequal distribution of wealth. When the economy faces challenges,
it can make life difficult for people, leading to unrest and uncertainty. Instability arises when there’s
economic trouble, affecting the unrest and uncertainty. Instability arises when there’s economic
problems is crucial for stable and prosperous Pakistan.

Addressing these weaknesses requires a commitment to strengthening democratic institutions,

ensuring free and fair elections, and promoting inclusivity in decision-making Efforts to increase
photo and encourage the active sharing of Citizens in political processes are essential for
stimulating the democratic foundation in Pakistan. By addressing the weaknesses, the country can
work towards creating a more vigorous and responsive self-ruled system that truly represents the
interests of its diverse population

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“The role of the military in instability in Pakistan” refers to the impact of the armed forces on the
country’s political and social situation. Sometimes, when the military gets involved in politics
more than it should, it can create uncertainty and unrest. Military interventions or undue influence
can disrupt the normal functioning of civilian governance. For stability, it’s important that the
military’s role aligns with democratic principles and does not overshadow civilian authority. A
balance between civilians and military powers is crucial for a stable Pakistan.A balance between
the citizen and military powers is crucial for a stable Pakistan. Excessive military involvement in
political affairs can lead to a flagging of democratic institutions, clogging the development of a
robust and liable governance system. It is essential that the military, as a key institution in the
country, operates within the basis of the constitution, respecting the principles of fairness and the
rule of law.

Furthermore, a harmonious affiliation between the civilian management and the military is
essential for nurturing an environment conducive to socio-economic development. When the
military plays a helpful and supportive role, focusing on its primary responsibility of safeguarding
national security, it can contribute positively to the overall progress of the nation. Relationship
between the civilian guidance and the military in addressing common challenges, Such as
radicalism and internal security, is vital for the well-being of the country.

In contrast, an imbalance where the military exerts disproportionate influence in political matters
can erode the basics of a self-governing society. Signal the right balance ensures that both civilian
and military institutions can work together synergistically, each contributing the country’s progress
within their respective domains. Ultimately, a stable and progress within their respective domains.
Finally, a stable and rich Pakistan relies on a cooperative relationship between the military and
civilian authorities, uploading independent values and promoting the welfare of the nation’s
citizens.

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In conclusion Putting all these pieces together, we end by emphasizing the importance of fixing
these problems. It’s like fixing the boat’s holes, stopping the waves from washing the
sandcastle away, and making the game rule fair. Only then can Pakistan hope for a steadier and
brighter future.

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 ➢ References
https://heinonline.org/hol-cgi-bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/jlo18&section=5
https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2151469

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