VNR 2023 Romania Report Statistical Annex

ROMANIA
VNR 2023
Statistical annex
Source: National Institute of Statistics, Romania
LEGEND
Downward trend in reaching the target / goal
Insignificant growth trend or stagnation in reaching the target / goal
Moderate growth trend in reaching the target / goal
Good trend in reaching the target / goal
Trend above the target level
End poverty in all its forms everywhere
National Indicator for Main/ Average annual growth rate: Reference

Trend
Sustainable Development Additional 2016 - latest year available Period
Target 1.1: Eradicate extreme poverty for all citizens
Relative poverty rate at 40% of median
equivalised disposable income per adult M -1.53 2016-2021
Number of beneficiaries proposed to be paid

under the programme “Social aid to ensure A -7.17 2016-2022
guaranteed minimum income”.
At risk of poverty or social exclusion rate
(AROPE), by sex, age group, development A -5.92 2016-2020
region and macro-region
(AROPE-new definition), by sex, age groups, A -5.65 2016-2021
development regions and macro-regions
Income inequality index A -0.20 2016-2021
Target 1.2: Reduce at least by half the number of citizens living in relative poverty
Number of poor people, by sex, age group,

development region and macro-region
M -2.91 2016-2021
Relative poverty rate (AROP), by sex, age

group, development region and macro-region M -2.23 2016-2021
People in severe material deprivation, by sex, -11.02

age group, development region and macro- A 2016-2020
region
Persistent poverty rate, by sex and age group A -4.22 2016-2020
In-work poverty rate A -3.77 2016-2021
Target 1.3: Consolidate the unified national system of emergency intervention,

rehabilitation, and compensation services in the event of natural
disasters, industrial accidents, or extreme weather events
The share of the budget allocated to the

activity of the General Inspectorate for
Emergency Situations in total government
M 2.95 2016-2021
expenditure
Number of interventions by the General
Inspectorate for Emergency Situations, by type A 6.10 2016-2022
of residence area and county
Number of employees of the General
Inspectorate for Emergency Situations A -0.50 2016-2022
End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable
agriculture

Trend
Target 2.1: Eliminate malnutrition and keep the rate of obesity under 10%,
i.e. similar to the 2014 level
Prevalence of malnutrition (weight for height

>+2 or <-2 SD standard deviation from the
median of the WHO Child Growth Standards) M 2010
among children under five years of age, by
types
Obesity rate for people aged 18 and over, by
sex and type of residence area M 2019
Average daily calorie intake per capita by

category A 0.55 2016-2021
Average daily total animal protein intake per

capita A 1.50 2016-2021
Target 2.2: Finalization of the agricultural cadastre
Area of registered land by category of use M 12.57 2016-2021
Target 2.3: Double the share of agriculture in Romania’s GDP relative to 2018
Share of agriculture in gross domestic

M 0.91 2016-2021
product (GDP)
Area protected by anti-hail and rain enhancing
systems A 27.54 2016-2022
Grains: 5.52
Sunflower: 5.29
Rapeseed: 1.70
Evolution of agricultural yield Potatoes: 2.60
A Tomatoes: 7.22
2016-2021
Watermelons and melons: 8.60
Perennial fodder: -0.47
Green fodder: 2.80
Share of agri-food exports and imports in Export: 2.13
Romania’s GDP, by intra-EU and extra-EU zones A 2016-2021
Import: 0.98
Projects: 3.62
Number of projects and R&D expenditure on R&D expenditure on NABS 2016-2021
A
NABS programmes in agriculture programmes in agriculture:
8.48
Trend
Target 2.4: Maintain and increase the genetic diversity of seeds, crops and
farm, and both domestic animals and related wild species
Number of new varieties and hybrids
create in Romania, by species M 7.09 2016-2022
Budget allocation for research and

development in agriculture A 0.18 2016-2021
Target 2.5: Increase the use of local agricultural production
Cereals: 2.47
Oil plants: 1.52
Share of sales outside the industry in Industrial plants: 0.95
total domestic agricultural Vegetables: -0.39
M Potatoes: 15.67 2016-2021
production Fruit: -2.10
Grapes: 3.45
Milk: 3.96
Eggs: -2.67
Value of agricultural production A 8.42 2016-2021
Value of exports and imports of agri-
food products, Broad Economic Export: 5.41
A Import: 7.87
2016-2021
Categories
Target 2.6: Increase the share of ecological agriculture in total agricultural

production
Share of ecological agricultural
production in total agricultural M 22.03 2016-2021
production
Ecologically farmed agricultural area A 20.66 2016-2021
Target 2.7: Preserve and capitalise on occupations and traditional uses of

medicinal plants and forest fruit in mountain areas; maintain local
traditions by increasing the number of products with special
characteristics in terms of rules of origin
Products certified at national Products certified at national

M level: -10.61 2016-2022
(traditional) and European levels
Products certified at European
level: 12.25
Production of berries: 0.30
Production of berries, medicinal and Production of medicinal, aromatic
aromatic plants, spices A and culinary herbs and spices: -
2016-2021
10.06
Export:
Value of exports and imports of Medicinal plants: 18.36
medicinal plants and berries, by intra- Berries: 24.01
A Import:
2016-2021
EU and extra-EU zones
Medicinal plants: 2.02
Berries: 27.23
Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages

Trend
Target 3.1: Ensure universal access to information, education, and counselling
services in order to encourage prevention and the adoption of a
healthy lifestyle
Number of reception centres for immigrants Number of centres: 0.00
seeking protection and data on their capacity A Accommodation capacity: 5.14 2016-2020
Target 3.2: Ensure the complete digitalisation of the health system and implicitly
the elimination of documents and records printed on paper, in order to
increase the efficiency of and facilitate medical interventions, thereby
ensuring the population’s rapid access to quality medical services,
treatment and medication, and the efficient monitoring of needs
Number of inhabitants returning to a family M

-0.75 2016-2021
physician by area of residence and county
Target 3.3: Reduce the prevalence of maternal and infantile mortality and the
incidence of breast and cervical cancer, and teenage pregnancies,
with the primary focus on vulnerable and disadvantaged groups
Rate of live births to teenage mothers (10-14 Teenage mothers

years old, 15-19 years old) per 1,000 women (10-14 years old): 1.49
M Teenage mothers
2016-2021
in the relevant age group
(15-19 years old): 0.72
Mortality rate, under-5 years old per 1000 live

A -4.60 2016-2021
births
It is expensive: -9.04
Too long distance or no means of
transport: -7.79
Lack of time:-19.73
Persons aged 16 and over who have not been They don’t know any specialist
able to consult a specialist physician in the A physician/dentist: 0.00 2016-2021
past 12 months, by main reason declared Is on a waiting list: 2.71
Fear: 22.42
Waited for the problem to
resolve itself: -8.97
Other reason: 37.97
Share of live births that received medical
assistance at birth in total live births A -0.13 2016-2021
Trend
Target 3.4: Reduce maternal mortality and neonatal mortality to below the EU
average
Maternal mortality rate per 100,000 live
births M 26.04 2016-2021
Neonatal mortality rate (deaths per 1,000

live births) M -3.99 2016-2021
Life expectancy at birth A -0.1 2016-2021

Child mortality rate A -3.47 2016-2021
Abortion rate per 1,000 women A -13.10 2016-2021
Target 3.5: Increase vaccination coverage to the minimum level recommended by

the WHO for each vaccine by developing a common platform for
collaboration between the authorities, doctors, patients, international
organisations with experience in the field, representatives of companies
working in the field and other interested parties
Rubella: -24.21
Pertussis: -39.50
Incidence of vaccine-preventable Measles: -75.92
communicable diseases (measles, rubella, A Mumps: -51.22 2016-2021
mumps, varicella, pertussis, tetanus) Varicella: -27.46
Tetanus: -19.73
Value of exports and imports of vaccines for Export: 100.11

human medicine, by intra-EU and extra-EU A Import: 74.07 2016-2021
zones
Target 3.6: Promote awareness of mental illness, reduce the associated stigma
and create an environment in which those suffering from mental
illness feel accepted and able to ask for help
Number of people dying from mental and
A 5.01 2016-2021
behavioural disorders
Target 3.7: Eliminate the contraction of tuberculosis and combat hepatitis and
other transmissible diseases
Measles: -75.92
Incidence of tuberculosis, hepatitis and Viral hepatitis: -18.88
other communicable diseases per 100,000 M Malaria: -12.94 2016-2021
Tuberculosis: -9.27
inhabitants
HIV: 5.08
Trend
Target 3.8: Reduce by one third the number of premature deaths due to non-
transmissible diseases through prevention and treatment and by
promoting mental health and well-being
Death rates due to tumours M -1.43 2016-2021

Suicide rate M -1.23 2016-2021
Mortality rate due to accidental poisoning or
M -1.42 2016-2021
exposure to harmful substances
Death rates due to mental and behavioural
A 5.64 2016-2021
disorders
Very good: 3.64
Good: -1.36
Structure of persons aged 16 and over by self-
A Good enough: -2.35. 2016-2021
reported health status Poor: 0.00
Very poor: 3.13
Target 3.9: Reduce the death rate from chronic diseases
Diabetes mellitus: 10.79

Mortality rate due to cardiovascular diseases, Circulatory system diseases: 3.87
M 2016-2021
tumours, diabetes or respiratory diseases Respiratory diseases: 35.89
Target 3.10: Reduce the level of consumption of toxic substances
Average alcohol consumption per inhabitant M 3.67 2016-2021
Export: Tobacco and tobacco

Value of exports and imports of tobacco, substitutes: 11.82
Alcoholic products: 7.96
tobacco products and alcohol products by A Import: Tobacco and tobacco
2016-2021
intra-EU and extra-EU zones substitutes: 1.19
Alcoholic products: 15.80
Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and
promote lifelong learning opportunities for all

Trend
Target 4.1: Reduce the rate of early school leaving in the educational system
Early school leaving rate among young people
(18-24 years old), by sex A -3.73 2016-2021
Government expenditure on education as

percentage of GDP A -0.60 2016-2021
Target 4.2: Achieve an education system based on ability and focused on the
needs of the pupils, who should enjoy greater freedom in choosing
what they study through measures such as introducing and
increasing the share of optional subjects
Participation rate in early childhood education

for children aged up to 3 years old, the official A -1.92 2016-2020
age for enrolment in compulsory education
Target 4.3: Ensure that all students acquire the necessary skills and knowledge
to be able to promote sustainable development, including through
education for sustainable development and sustainable lifestyles,
human rights and gender equality, to promote a culture of peace
and non-violence, and to appreciate cultural diversity and the
contribution of culture to sustainable development
Share of low-achieving proficiency 15 year olds Reading: 1.78

in reading, mathematics and science A Mathematics: 5.31 2015-2018
Sciences: 4.47
Target 4.4: Emphasise the role played in the educational process by civic
education, by the principles and notionsrelating to a peaceful and
inclusive sustainable society, the values of democracy and pluralism,
the values of multiculturalism, the prevention of discrimination and
an understanding of the point of view of the “other”, and the
importance of eradicating violence with a focus on the phenomenon
of violence in schools and gender equality
Distribution of pre-university school

M -0.88 2016-2021
population by ethnicity
Trend
Target 4.5: Modernise the education system by adapting the methods of
teaching and learning to the use of information technology and
increase the quality of education
Number of IT equipment in education, of
which number of computers connected to Number of IT equipment: 10.25
M Connected to the internet 11.48
2016-2020
the Internet
Target 4.6: Organise vocational and technical education into specially designed
and equipped campuses; train qualified teaching staff; create a
curriculum tailored to the needs of the labour market by developing
partnerships, including with the business community
Number of vocational, post-high school and

M 2.49 2016-2019
foreman training programmes graduates
Target 4.7: Expand facilities for lifelong continued training and learning,
considerably increase participation in formal and non-formal
systems of knowledge with a view to bringing Romania’s
performance closer to the EU average
Participation in education or training 25-64-
A 32.5 2016-2021
years-old, by sex
Target 4.8: Expand the network of community- based permanent education

centres by the local authorities; continue to involve companies in
supporting employee enrolment in such programmes
Participants in continuing vocational training

M -4.84 2015-2020
courses, by sex
Trend
Target 4.9: Substantially increase the number of youth and adults with relevant
skills, including technical and vocational skills, so as to encourage
employment, the creation of decent jobs and entrepreneurship
Employment rate among young people aged
20-34 years, 1-3 years after graduation M 0.23 2016-2021
Percentage of successful Bacalaureate

graduates (from total number of current year’s
high school graduates) in the total number of A 0.88 2016-2020
students enrolled at the beginning of the
school year in the final grades
Participation in education or training of 25-64-
year-olds, by sex A 32.50 2016-2021
Rate of young people neither in employment

nor in education or training (NEET), by sex A 0.68 2016-2021
Target 4.10: Increase the level of financial literacy among citizens
Loans granted to households A 7.19 2016-2022
Household deposits A 10.82 2016-2022
Target 4.11: Expand the concept of sustainable development in formal

university education as a principle and a specialisation, and
highlight the role of interdisciplinary research in the development
of a sustainable society
Population aged 30-34 with a higher education

A -0.63 2016-2021
level
Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls

Trend
Target 5.1: Continue to reduce the gender pay gap
Gender pay gap (in unadjusted form) M -15.91 2016-2020
Target 5.2: Eliminate all forms of violence against women and girls in both the
public and private sphere, including trafficking, sexual exploitation,
and other forms of exploitation
Annual number of female victims of a form of

domestic violence aged 18 and over, as
M 11.43 2016-2021
recorded by administrative services, by
macro-region and development region
Number of victims of domestic violence, by

type of social services provided to victims, as A 1.38 2016-2021
recorded by administrative services
Number of victims of domestic violence crimes

per 100,000 inhabitants, by macro-region, A 7.55 2016-2021
development region and county
Number of victims of human trafficking per

100,000 inhabitants, by sex, age group and A -7.31 2016-2021
purpose of trafficking
Number of victims under 18 years of age

subjected to human trafficking, by purpose of A -4.45 2016-2021
trafficking

subjected to human trafficking per 100,000 A -4.36 2016-2021
inhabitants, by purpose of trafficking
Target 5.3: Ensure the full and effective participation and equal opportunities
of women when it comes to employment in management positions at
all levels of political, economic, and public life
Proportion of women in managerial positions M 0.19 2016-2021
Total employment rate, by sex and age group

A 0.10 2016-2021
(15-64 years old)
Proportion of seats held by women in national

A 3.27 2016-2022
parliaments
Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all

Trend
Target 6.1: Substantially increase the efficiency of water use in industrial,
commercial, and agricultural activities; expand the rational reuse of
treated and recycled water with a view to meeting the requirements
of a circular economy
Romania’s water resources M -0.95 2016-2021
Volume of water abstracted, by economic

activity and by water catchments source A 4.29 2016-2021
(surface and groundwater)
Volume of wastewater discharged to natural

A -1.55 2016-2021
receptors and quantities of pollutants
Target 6.2: Substantially increase the efficiency of water use in all sectors and
ensure a sustainable process of abstraction and supply of drinking
water in order to address water scarcity
Volume of water distributed by the public

M 1.85 2016-2021
water supply system, by economic activity
Volume of water abstracted, by economic

activity and by water catchments source A 4.29 2016-2021
(surface and groundwater)
Level of water stress: freshwater withdrawal as

A 4.94 2016-2021
a proportion of total water resources
Target 6.3: Connect at least 90% of households in towns, communes, and

compact villages to the drinking water and sewerage network
Population connected to the public water

M 1.98 2016-2021
supply system
Population connected to sewerage systems and

wastewater treatment plants, by area of A 2.56 2016-2021
residence
Trend
Target 6.4: Increase access to drinking water among vulnerable and marginalised
groups
Persons having neither a bath / shower, nor

an indoor flushing toilet in their household, M -8.31 2016-2020
by poverty status
Population connected to public water supply in

A 5.45 2016-2021
rural areas
Target 6.5: Improve water quality by reducing pollution, eliminating waste

disposal, and reducing to a minimum the amount of chemical
products and dangerous substances, thereby reducing the
proportion of untreated waste water, and significantly increasing
recycling and safe reuse
Percentage of untreated water in total

M -2.82 2016-2021
wastewater generated
Quality of surface waters (rivers), by quality

A 0.66 2016-2021
status, for monitored river lengths
Target 6.6: Provide access to adequate and equitable sanitary and hygienic
conditions for all with a special focus on those in vulnerable
situations
Percentage of population connected to

M 3.2 2016-2021
sewerage system in total population
Percentage of population connected to the

A 2.59 2016-2021
public water supply system
Level of water stress: freshwater withdrawal as

A 4.94 2016-2021
a proportion of total water resources
Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all

Trend
Target 7.1: Expand electricity and gas distribution networks with a view to
ensuring household consumer, industrial and commercial access to
safe sources of energy at acceptable prices
Total length of gas distribution pipelines M 2.76 2016-2021

Export
Natural gas 316.24
Electricity 13.41
Value of exports and imports of electricity and
A 2016-2021
natural gas, by intra-EU and extra-EU zones Import
Natural gas 27.35
Electricity 53.66
Target 7.2: Ensure the cyber security of the platforms for the monitoring of
production, transport and supply networks for electricity and
natural gas
Volume of water distributed by the public

M 1.85 2016-2021
water supply system, by economic activity
Target 7.3: Decouple economic growth from the process of resource depletion
and environmental degradation by substantially boosting energy
efficiency (by a minimum of 27% compared with the status quo) and
the extensive use of the EU Emission Trading Scheme (ETS) in stable
and predictable market conditions
Material intensity M 2.71 2016-2020
Raw material consumption by type of material A 7.37 2016-2020
Productivity of material resources A -2.58 2016-2020
Domestic material consumption by type of

A 4.26 2016-2021
material
Trend
Target 7.4: Increase the share of renewable energy and low-carbon fuel used in
the transport sector (electric vehicles), including the use of
alternative fuels
Share of renewable energy in total energy

M 4.45 2016-2021
consumption in transport
Final energy consumption, by type of energy 2.88

M 2016-2021
carriers
Number of registered electric and hybrid Electric 89.04

A 2016-2022
vehicles Hybrid 39.22
Biofuel consumption as % of total fuel

A 13.76 2016-2020
consumption used in transport
Value of exports and imports of electric and Export 119.45

A 2016-2021
hybrid vehicles Import 249.47
Target 7.5: Ensure a stable and transparent regulatory framework in the field of
energy efficiency with a view to attracting investment
Number of thermally rehabilitated residential

A -19.04 2016-2022
buildings
Financial support for the Green Home

A -82.38 2016-2020
Programme
Export price vs import price - Total A -6.17 2016-2021
Target 7.6: Strategically support the share of electricity in total household,

industrial and transport consumption by establishing performance
standards for facilities and equipment
Value of electric and more resource-efficient

M 34.27 2016-2021
transport equipment manufacturing
Renewable energy share in the final energy
M -1.17 2016-2021
consumption
Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive
employment and decent work for all

Trend
Target 8.1: Maintain a GDP growth rate above theEU average in order to help
reduce the gap between Romania and the more advanced European
economies, while still respecting the principles of sustainable
development and continuously improving the living standards of the
population
Annual growth rate of real GDP per capita M 13.53 2016-2021
Gross national income per capita A 10.06 2016-2021
Value of Romania’s balance of trade in goods

A 50.94 2016-2021
and services, by intra-EU and extra-EU zones
Target 8.2: Promote development-oriented policies that support productive

activities, the creation of decent jobs, entrepreneurship through
start-ups, creation and innovation, and which encourage the
formalisation and growth of micro, small and medium- sized
enterprises, including through access to financial services
Percentage of GDP allocated to investment in

M -7.76 2016-2020
SMEs
Gross value added of SMEs as share of GDP A 3.42 2016-2020
Employment rate, total and by age groups

A 0.10 2016-2021
(15-64 years old)
International Labour Organization

A -1.04 2016-2021
unemployment rate, total and by gender
Employed persons: -3.77
Employed persons (excluding
In-work poverty rate A employees): 1.65
2016-2021
Employees: -4.53
Employment rate among population with

A 0.55 2016-2021
tertiary education
Trend
Target 8.3: Achieve high levels of productivity through diversification,
technological modernisation, and innovation, including through
focusing on sectors with high added value and a more intensive use of
the workforce
Labour productivity growth rate per

M -0.51 2016-2021
employed person
Value of exports and imports of goods by small Export: 5.42

A Import: 6.92 2016-2021
and medium-sized enterprises
Average monthly net nominal earnings on R&D

A 6.71 2016-2021
in enterprises
Export: 8.60
Value of export and import of goods by Import: 11.03 2016-2021
A
companies with 100% Romanian capital Deficit: 13.30
Target 8.4: Create a tourism sector that is competitive in the long time, develop
agritourism, ecotourism, and rural, spa and cultural tourism, and
improve Romania’s image as a tourist destination
Tourism as share of GDP M 2.33 2016-2019
Tourist accommodation facilities providing

A 4.64 2016-2022
tourist accommodation, by type of facility
Employees in hotels and restaurants A 2.16 2016-2021
Target 8.5: Strengthen the capacity of domestic financial institutions in order to

encourage and expand access to banking, insurance and financial
services for all
Financial intermediation M -1.37 2016-2021
Volume of lending granted for economic

A 9.63 2016-2022
activities by domestic financial institutions
Credit institutions
Number of credit institutions branches and
A branches: -4,46 2016-2021
number of ATMs ATMs: -1.86
Built resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and
foster innovation

Trend
Target 9.1: Modernise and develop quality, viable, sustainable, and powerful
regional and cross-border infrastructure, in order to support
economic development and human well-being, with a focus on fair
and equitable access by all
Share of upgraded roads in total road

M 3.63 2016-2021
network
Ratio of forest road length to forest area A -0.04 2016-2021

Railways:
passengers: -3.15
freight: 1.76
Roads:
Passenger and freight volumes (tonnes), by Passengers: -1.88
A 2016-2021
mode of transport Freight: 7.26
Air transport:
Passengers: -7.38
Freight: 0.5
Target 9.2: Improve road safety
Road traffic death rate per 100,000

M -1.60 2016-2021
inhabitants
Number of road accidents, by location

A -2.71 2016-2021
(motorways, in localities, outside localities)
<=2 years: -0.56
2>=5 years: 5.59
Age structure of registered road vehicles in the
A 5>=10 years: -3.61 2016-2021
total fleet 10>=20 years: -12.62
> 20 years: 8.74
Trend
Target 9.3: Rehabilitate the industrial sector in order to make it sustainable
through a more efficient use of resources and increased adoption of
clean and ecological industrial technologies and processes, with all
countries implementing measures in keeping with their respective
capacities
Production value and gross value added in Production value: 43.65

M GVA: 20.25
2016-2020
environmental technologies
Greenhouse gas intensity in industry A 0.00 2016-2020
Share of exported raw wood in harvested wood A -2.60 2016-2020
Value of import of goods and foreign direct Direct foreign investment: 6.43
A Import CIF: 4.58
2016-2020
investment
Greenhouse gas emissions, by economic

A -0.84 2016-2020
activity
Non-specialised producers: 4.18
Environmental protection expenditure as Specialised producers: 3.62
A Public administration: 2016-2021
percentage of GDP
-0.82
Target 9.4: Stimulate in particular the digital economy and investment in

industries which are at the more profitable end of the value chain,
which utilise the results of national efforts in the area of research,
development and innovation, and which target stable and growing
markets
Total R&D expenditure in the public and

M 0.00 2016-2021
private sectors as % of GDP
Innovative enterprises as a share of total 2016,

A 1.20
enterprises 2018, 2020
Trend
Target 9.5: Boost scientific research and modernise the technological capacity
of the industrial sectors; encourage innovation and significantly
increase the number of employees in research and development and
increase public and private spending on research and development
R&D researchers per million inhabitants M 1.92 2016-2021
Share of foreign exchange and transfer funds in 5.39

A 2018-2021
total R&D expenditure
Total R&D expenditure in the public sector as -1.98

A 2016-2021
share of GDP
Target 9.6: Promote inclusive and sustainable industrialisation and increase the
rate of employment
Value added in manufacturing industry as Share in GDP: -3.87

M Per inhabitant: 5.97
2016-2021
share of GDP and per capita
Manufacturing industry workforce as share of

M -1.67 2016-2021
total workforce
Target 9.7: Increase the access of small industrial and other companies to
financial services, including accessible loans, and integrate them into
value chains and external markets
Value of the balance of foreign trade

M 9.24 2016-2021
operations carried out by SMEs
Reduce inequality within and among countries

Trend
Target 10.1: Adopt policies, especially in the areas of fiscal, salary and social
protection policy, that aim gradually to reduce inequality and the
percentage of disadvantaged groups
Adjusted gross disposable income of

M 9.12 2016-2019
households per capita
Income inequality index M -0.20 2016-2021
Gini coefficient M -0.23 2016-2021
Total average monthly household income M 14.05 2016-2021
Rate of young people neither in employment

nor in education or training (NEET) (15-24 M 0.68 2016-2021
years old)
Net disposable income of households, by

A 8.12 2016-2020
development region
The level of non-reimbursable monthly aid

granted by the Romanian state to immigrants A 9.67 2016-2021
in order to reduce illegal immigration

(AROPE), by sex, age group, development A -5.65 2016-2021
region and macro-region
Relative poverty rate (AROP), by sex, age

A -2.23 2016-2021
group, development region and macro-region
Trend
Target 10.2: Bring Romania closer to the EU average for 2030 in terms of the
indicators for sustainable development
Infantile mortality rate M -3.47 2016-2021
Obesity rate for people aged 18 and over, by M 2017,2019

sex
At risk of poverty or social exclusion rate M -5.65 2016-2021

(AROPE)
Early school leaving rate among young people M -3.73 2016-2021
(18-24 years old)
Participation rate in early childhood

education for children between 3 years old M -1.92 2016-2020
and the official age for enrolment in
compulsory education
Domestic material consumption (DMC) M 4.26 2016-2021
Greenhouse gas emissions M 0.00 2016-2020
Gross value added for the production of M -5.32 2016-2020

environmental goods and services
Municipal waste recycling rate M -3.02 2016-2020
Forest area as percentage of the total area of M 0.61 2015,2018

the country
Dependence on energy import M 6.52 2016-2020
Real GDP per capita M 13.53 2016-2021
Adjusted gross disposable income of M 9.12 2016-2019

households per capita
Official development assistance as M 6.40 2016-2021
percentage of gross national income
Romania’s public debt M 5.23 2016-2021
Target 10.3: Reduce discrimination by supporting non-governmental organisations

working in the field of human rights
Number of findings on discrimination and their Ethnic discrimination complaints

share in the total number of discrimination received by the CNDC:-2.01
petitions received annually by National Council A Share of rulings on ethnic 2016-2021
discrimination in total ethnic
for Combating Discrimination
discrimination complaints
received by the CNCD:-28.11
Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable

Trend
Target 11.1: Ensure access to decent living conditions for all citizens
Rate of severe housing deprivation M -7.81 2016-2020
Overcrowding rate A -3.26 2016-2021
Target 11.2: Significantly reduce the economic losses caused by flooding and
landslides, improve the collective response and strengthen the
capacity to adapt and return to a functional situation in the shortest
time possible after occurrence of the event, reduce the impact of
flooding or the pollution caused by flooding and landslides on the
ecosystem, including by means of constant improvements to the
legislative framework
Number of deaths and injuries attributed to

natural disasters, recorded in the
interventions of the General Inspectorate for M -20.63 2016-2022
Emergency Situations, per 100,000
inhabitants
Target 11.3: Ensure access to safe, fairly-priced, accessible and sustainable

transport systems for all, in particular by extending public transport
networks, with a special focus on the needs of those in vulnerable
situations, women, children, people with disabilities and the elderly
Passenger-km travelled by bus and minibus,

M -7.14 2016-2021
tram, trolleybus and metro
Share of bus and train transport in total

A -4.43 2016-2020
passenger transport
Target 11.4: Draw up and implement a general programme of spatial and land-use
planning in correlation with the sectoral strategies at national level
through application of the concept of polycentric and balanced spatial
development in order to support territorial cohesion
Share of Bucharest's resident population in the

total urban resident population.
A 0.23 2016-2021
Trend
Target 11.5: Educate and empower the population in respect of earthquake risk
situations
Number of preventive awareness raising

M 21.27 2016-2022
actions on emergency situations
Number of earthquake-related educational

programmes and advertisements broadcasted A 4.56 2016-2021
annually by TVR
Target 11.6: Reduce the impact atmospheric pollution has on human health and
the environment through a special focus on air quality
Number of deaths due to respiratory and Circulatory system diseases: 3.25

M 2016-2021
cardiovascular diseases Respiratory diseases: 35.08
Pollutants: -2.78
Air pollutant emissions, by economic activities A GHG:-0.84
2016-2020
Value of production of environmental goods

and services for the protection of ambient air A 1.00 2016-2020
and climate
Intensity of tree injury by degree of crown Class group<=25%: 0.08

A Class group>25%: -0.50
2016-2022
defoliation
Area of land on which regeneration works have

A -3.36 2016-2021
been performed by regeneration category
Target 11.7: Substantially reduce the number of deaths and diseases caused by
dangerous chemical products, pollution and the contamination of the
air, water and soil
B-4: Municipality of
Bucharest: -0.14
Annual average levels of PM2.5 and PM10 B-5: Municipality of
particulate matter at urban monitoring M Bucharest: -3.42 2016-2021
stations B-6: Municipality of
Bucharest 0.95
B-5: Municipality of
Bucharest: -1.48
Quantities of hazardous waste generated A 5.51 2016-2020

Trend
Target 11.8: Consolidate efforts to protect and safeguard cultural and natural
heritage and landscape features from the rural and urban
environment
Surface of green areas, by county A 3.08 2016-2021

Central government
Central government expenditure and local expenditure 17.10
government expenditure on culture, leisure A Local government 2016-2021
and religion expenditure: 14.59
Target 11.9: Implement the relevant legal provisions regarding the production,
transport, storage, use and disposal of chemical products, including
pharmaceutical products, which can be dangerous to human and animal
health as well as environmental integrity
Share of dangerous goods transport (tonne-

km) in road and railway transport in total M -13.47 2016-2021
freight transport
Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns

Trend
Target 12.1: Gradually transition to a new development model based on the
rational and responsible use of resources by introducing elements of
the circular economy and drawing up a road map
Productivity of material resources M -2.58 2016-2020
Number of employees in the environmental -1.30

A 2016-2020
goods and services sector
A
Share of GVA in environmental technologies in 16.36 2016-2020
GDP
A
Share of renewables in the gross final energy
-1.15 2016-2021
consumption, by sector
A
Energy productivity 2.38 2016-2021
A Sludge used in agriculture:4,65
Composted sludge:36,78
Sludge deposited on
Share of recovered sludge in total sludge from
platforms:-2,10 2016-2021
wastewater treatment processes Incinerated sludge:-7,79
Sludge treated by other
processes:1,99
A
Value of export and import of goods by Export:2.81
2016-2020
technology intensity Import:5.40
A
Material dependency 0.00 2016-2020
A
Material intensity 2.71 2016-2020
A Export:1.16
Export and import of raw materials (tonnes) 2016-2020
Import:-1.17
A
Quantity of waste generated -5.54 2016-2020
A
Average total household consumption
10.47 2016-2021
expenditure
A Domestic material
Domestic material consumption, of which consumption:4.26
2016-2021
biomass Domestic biomass
consumption:-0.58
A export quantity:14.08
Quantity and value of export and import of import quantity:15.33
export value:22.68
2016-2021
waste
import value:13.48
Trend
Target 12.2: Halve per capita food waste at the level of retail and consumption
and reduce food waste throughout the production and supply chain,
including post-harvest losses
Number of recipient operators who have opted

A 40.57 2016-2022
to reduce food waste
Target 12.3: Recycle 55% of municipal waste by 2025 and 60% by 2030
Municipal waste recycling rate, by waste type M -3.02 2016-2020
Quantity of waste generated M -5.54 2016-2020
Target 12.4: Recycle 65% of packaging waste by 2025 (plastic materials 50%, wood
25%, ferrous metals 70%, aluminium 50%, glass 70%, paper and
cardboard 75%) and 70% by 2030 (plastic materials 55%, wood 30%,
ferrous metals 80%, aluminum 60%, glass 75%, paper and cardboard
85%)
Packaging waste recycling rate, by type of

M -9.85 2016-2020
material, in total packaging waste generated
Target 12.5: Implement the separate collection of household hazardous waste by

2022, of biological waste by 2023 and of textile waste by 2025
Amount of household waste collected M 5.17 2016-2020
Target 12.6: Establish extended producer responsibility schemes for all types of
packaging by 2024
Contribution to the environmental fund by

economic operators for the quantity of non- A -30.14 2016-2022
recycled packaging waste
Target 12.7: Implement sustainable green public procurement practices in

conformity with national priorities and European policy
Number of electric and hybrid vehicles Electric vehicles registered:89.04

M 2016-2022
registered Registered hybrid vehicles:39.22
Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impact

Trend
Target 13.1: Strengthen Romania’s resilience and capacity to adapt to climate-

related risks and natural disasters

natural disasters, recorded in the
interventions of the General Inspectorate for M -20.63 2016-2022
Emergency Situations, per 100,000
inhabitants
Houses and household
annexes: -9.11
Annual flood damage A Agricultural land, pastures 2016-2020
and forest: -47.69
Target 13.2: Enhance capacity to react rapidly to unexpected extreme weather

events
Area protected by anti-hail and precipitation-

A 27.54 2016-2022
enhancing systems
Number of interventions by the General

Inspectorate for Emergency Situations caused
A -4.72 2016-2022
by the occurrence of hazardous and/or related
weather events
Budget allocated to the General Inspectorate

for Emergency Situations as share in total A 2.95 2016-2021
government expenditure
Target 13.3: Improve education, awareness and human and institutional capacity
with regard to mitigating climate change, adapting to and reducing the
impacts of climate change, and the implementation of early warning
systems
Population covered by signatories to the Population: -2.49

M 2016-2021
Covenant of Mayors Percentage: -1.87
Quantity of household waste generated A 2.68 2016-2020
Average annual temperature in Romania A 2016-2021

0.48
Annual amount of precipitation in Romania A -5.28 2016-2021
Trend
Target 13.4: Intensify Romania’s efforts to achieve the transition to a “green”

economy, characterised by low carbon dioxide emissions and
resilience to climate change, and to integrate measures with a view
to adapting to climate change in vulnerable economic, social and
environmental sectors, in keeping with EU policies
Greenhouse gas emissions, by economic

M -0.84 2016-2020
activity
Forest area, of which afforested annually A 0.14 2016-2020
CO2 emissions intensity A -5.43 2016-2020

natural disasters, recorded in the interventions
A -20.63 2020-2022
of the General Inspectorate for Emergency
Situations, per 100,000 inhabitants
Value of production of environmental goods

A 4.49 2016-2020
and services
Conservate and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for
sustainable development

Trend
Target 14.1: Prevent and significantly reduce all forms of marine pollution, in
particular that resulting from land-based activities, including pollution
with marine litter and nutrient pollution
Volume of wastewater and quantities of Wastewater volume: 0.97

M 2016-2021
pollutants discharged into the Black Sea Quantities of pollutants: -8.91
Number of coastal sites with excellent bathing 4.32

A 2016-2021
waters
Target 14.2: Minimise and manage the effects of the acidification of marine waters,
including by increased scientific cooperation at all levels
pH values of the Romanian Black Sea coast

M -0.22 2016-2022
waters
Target 14.3: Responsibly and sustainably manage the fishing of wild and
aquaculture species in accordance with the legally- established quotas
and methods, and preserve, within reasonable limits, the viability of
traditional activities in this field, including recreational and sports
fishing
Quantity of fish stocks in biological terms M -3.35 2016-2021
Number of inspections performed, of which Inspections performed: 3.35

A Irregularities identified: 18.42
2017-2022
number of irregularities identified
Value of exports and imports of fish and

crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic Export: 7.75
A 2016-2021
invertebrates, broken down by intra-EU and Import: 7.45
extra-EU zones
Area of marine sites designated as Natura 2000 Wetlands of international

A 2016-2021
sites and wetlands of international importance importance: 0.35
Target 14.4: Involve other Black Sea countries in the implementation of a

responsible and sustainable plan for the exploitation of living aquatic
species
Volume of wastewater and quantities of

Wastewater volume: 3.74
pollutants discharged into the Black Sea, by A Quantities of pollutants RO: -8.91
2016-2021
riparian country
Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems,
sustainability manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reserve land
degradation and halt biodiversity loss

Trend
Target 15.1: Develop green infrastructure and make use of the services offered by
natural ecosystems (in particular the Danube floodplains, its
tributaries and the Danube Delta) through the integrated
management of river basins and wetlands
Wetlands of international
Protected Natural Areas in Romania, by importance: 0.35
M 2016-2021
category (area) Biosphere reserves: 0.00
National parks: 0.00
Area of land on which regeneration works have -3.36

A 2016-2021
Water resources provided according to the

A 5.31 2016-2021
degree of development of hydrographic basins

A 0.66 2016-2021
Area of marine and terrestrial sites designated

A 0.00 2016-2021
according to Natura 2000 conditions
Share of value of production of environmental

goods and services for biodiversity and
A 21.32 2016-2020
landscape protection in total production of
Target 15.2: Conserve and protect wetland areas, which also include the Danube
Delta Biosphere Reserve, a unique wetland in Romania and part of
European and world natural heritage
Wetlands of international
Protected Natural Areas in Romania, by importance: 0.35
M 2016-2021
category (area) Biosphere reserves: 0.00
National parks: 0.00

A 0.00 2016-2021
according to Natura 2000 criteria

A 0.66 2016-2021
Trend
Target 15.3: Ensure the conservation of mountain ecosystems, including their

biodiversity, with a view to boosting their capacity to provide
essential benefits in terms of sustainable development
Forest area as percentage of the total area of A 0.13 2016-2021

the country
Share of value of production of environmental
goods and services for biodiversity and A 21.32 2016-2020
landscape protection in total production of
Area of virgin and quasi-virgin forests A 32.51 2016-2022

A 0.00 2016-2021
according to Natura 2000 criteria
Target 15.4: Support the research and development institutions and

infrastructure of national and European importance in the study,
management, protection and preservation of the diversity of
natural heritage
Funds allocated to the forestry research M 54.47 2016-2020
Target 15.5: Sustainably manage forests, eradicate illegal logging, develop an

integrated digital system for the monitoring of the exploitation and
transport of timber, including at border crossings, ensure the
afforestation and reforestation of forest land or land that has been
degraded or subject to desertification, and implement the planned
planting of shelterbelts to shield crops and elements of
infrastructure from the impacts of climate change
Regeneration: 5.30
Area of forest land affected by cutting (by Hygiene and cleaning: -9.10
M 2016-2021
type of cutting) Young forest management: -0.93
Incidental items:-3.82
Area of land on which regeneration works have A -3.36 2016-2021

Value of exports and imports of wood and Export: 6.01
articles of wood, wood charcoal, by intra-EU A Import: 9.72
2016-2021
and extra-EU zones
Volume of standing timber A 1.62 2016-2020
Trend
Target 15.6: Pursue the transition to a circular economy through complementary
approaches involving traditional methods and the latest technologies
in order to re-establish/rebuild natural capital and reduce
dependence on synthetic fertilisers and pesticides, with a view to
combating soil degradation
Material footprint M 7.37 2016-2020

Regeneration: 5.30
Hygiene and cleaning: -9.10
Area of forest land affected by cutting (by type A Young forest management: -0.93 2016-2021
of cutting) Incidental items: -3.82
Wood waste recycling rate A -4.89 2016,2018
Target 15.7: Combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including
land affected by desertification, drought and flooding
Area of land with irrigation works and

M 17.67 2016-2021
irrigated agricultural area
Area covered by land improvement and soil A 0.00 2016-2021

erosion control works, by land use category
Area with soil protection forests A -1.26 2020-2021
Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide
access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at
all levels

Trend
Target 16.1: Administering justice impartially and with celerity in compliance
with established laws and procedures, while respecting the principle
of the presumption of innocence
Number of cases won against the Romanian

State before the European Court of Human A 1.37 2016-2021
Rights
Target 16.2: Ensure and encourage dialogue with national minorities with a view
to improving decision-making through equal access for all citizens,
such that they are able to respect and express their culture,
traditions and mother tongue and participate in the economic, social
and political life, and with a view to combating preconceptions,
prejudice and discrimination in all its forms and encouraging
interethnic dialogue, common values and cultural and linguistic
diversity
Titles
School housebooks:-5.71
Printed handbooks and university courses, by University courses:
M -18.89 2016-2021
teaching language
Print runs
School textbooks:9,77
University courses:18,69
Ethnic discrimination complaints
Number of rulings on discrimination on ethnic received by the NCCD:-2.01
grounds and their share in the total ethnic Share of rulings on ethnic
A 2016-2021
discrimination complaints filed annually with discrimination in total ethnic
National Council for Combating Discrimination discrimination complaints
received by the NCCD:-28.11
Target 16.3: Significantly reduce all forms of violence and the associated death rate
Assault (violent) mortality rate per 100,000 M 0.00 2016-2021

inhabitants
Number of cases of domestic violence reported
to the police by macro-region, development A 6.88 2016-2021
region and county
Number of victims of domestic violence crimes
per 100000 inhabitants, by macro-region, A 7.55 2016-2021
development region and county
Number of cases of domestic violence resulting
in the death of the victim by macro-region, A 9.50 2016-2021
development region
Trend
Target 16.4: Put a stop to the abuse, exploitation, trafficking and all forms of
violence and torture of children

subjected to human trafficking, by purpose M -4.45 2016-2021
of trafficking
Number of victims of human trafficking per
100,000 inhabitants, by sex, age group and A -7.31 2016-2021
purpose of trafficking
subjected to human trafficking per 100,000 A -4.36 2016-2021
inhabitants, by purpose of trafficking
Number of victims of domestic violence, by Total: 1.38
Male: -1.95
sex, macro-region, development region, and
A Female: 3.57 2016-2021
type of residential area, as recorded by Urban: 3.24
administrative services Rural: -0.29
Total: 1.38
Male:-1.95
Female: 3.57
Number of victims of domestic violence by age Adults of which: 10.99
group (minors and adults), by sex, as recorded A Male: 5.69 2016-2021
Female: 11.43
by administrative services
Minors of which: -0.95
Male: -2.24
Female: 0.22
Total victims:1.38
Physical: 5.04
Victims of domestic violence, by type of Psychological: 3.64
violence, as recorded by administrative A Sexual: 10.50 2016-2021
by deprivation/neglect:-5.24
services
economic: 12.51
social: 37.51
Victims – total:1.38
Primary counselling: 1.01
Social counselling: 2.83
Psychological counselling: 4.89
Legal counselling:-3.37
Number of victims of domestic violence, by Mediation: 20.87
Representation in court: 14.91
type of social services provided to victims, as A Social assistance: 2.90
2016-2021
recorded by administrative services Healthcare: -8.27
Forensics certificate
reimbursement: -3,82
Housing: -0.03
Other social protection
measures:-3.48
Trend
Target 16.5: Significantly reduce illicit financial flows and arms dealing, improve
the recovery and return of stolen goods and combat all forms of
organised crime
Number of persons convicted by final

judgment for financial fraud, money
laundering and tax evasion, offences
involving weapons, explosives and other M -5.97 2016-2021
destructive materials and offences related to
an organised criminal group, by type of
offence
Amounts of money ordered by court
decisions for the recovery of assets arising Lei:-18,50
M EUR: -20.00
2016-2021
from criminal offences and/or the recovery
of damages
Central government
Central government expenditure and local expenditure:11.84
government expenditure on public order and A Local government
2016-2021
national security expenditure:9,83
Number of court decisions ordering measures

relating to criminal fines, confiscation of
A 3.26 2016-2021
proceeds of crime and/or compensation for
damages
Target 16.6: Ensure a receptive, inclusive, participative and representative

decision-making process at all levels
Proportion of seats held by women and men in Male:-0.62

A Female:3.27
2016-2022
national parliaments
Target 16.7: Develop efficient, responsible and transparent institutions at all

levels
Share of enterprises that interacted online

with public administration in total M 3.07 2016-2021
enterprises
Proportion of persons who have submitted
forms to public authorities via the internet in A 17.61 2016-2021
the last 12 months
Percentage of persons who interacted with
public authorities via the Internet in the last 12 A 10.76 2016-2021
months
Trend
Target 16.8: Professionalise and improve the work of all central and local public
administrative institutions, especially those departments that come
into direct contact with citizens, in order to provide prompt and
civilised services; expand and universalise online digitalised services
Investment in hardware and software

products per 1000 total investment in ICT Investment in hardware:18.83
M Investment in software:-6.25
2016-2019
products and services in public
administration
Number of persons convicted for corruption A -5.14 2016-2021
and service offences, by final court decision
Proportion of persons who have submitted
forms to public authorities via the internet in A 17.61 2016-2021
the last 12 months
Percentage of persons who interacted with
public authorities via the Internet in the last 12 A 10.76 2016-2021
months
Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for
sustainable development

Trend
Target 17.1: Gradually increase the quantity of official development aid granted
by Romania through ODA programmes, depending on the capacity of
the national economy to support this, with the goal of reaching 0.33%
of gross national income by 2030
Net official development assistance (ODA),

total and in least developed countries, as M 6.40 2016-2021
share of the Gross National Income (GNI)
Share of innovative enterprises with 2016,

cooperation agreements with partners located A 7.99 2018,
outside the country, in total enterprises 2020
Share of export/import value to/from LDCs in

Romania’s value of export and import of goods A -12.94 2016-2021
and services
Target 17.2: Increase and diversify official development assistance in line with
growth in Romania’s economic potential and encourage Romanian
economic agents to invest on competitive grounds in the economies
of less developed countries
Value of import of goods and foreign direct Direct foreign investment:6.43 2016-2020
M Import CIF:4.58
investment
Net official development assistance (ODA),

total and in least developed countries, as share A 6.40 2016-2021
of the Gross National Income (GNI)
Share of value of imports of goods and services

from LDCs in the total value of Romania’s A -12.94 2016-2021
imports
Value of export of High-Tech products A 7.23 2016-2020
Trend
Target 17.3: Romania’s joining of the Eurozone, the Schengen Area, and the
Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development
Average monthly inflation rate by categories

M 34.08 2016-2022
of goods and services
Number of reception centres for immigrants

Number of centres:0.00
seeking protection and data on centers’ A 2016-2020
Accommodation capacity:5.14
capacity
Romania’s public debt, of which foreign A 13.20 2016-2021
Target 17.4: Support Romania’s international commitments and proactive

involvement on the European and international level
Value of export and import of goods, by Export:5.41

M Import:7.87
2016-2021
nature of company capital
Number of countries where Romanian culture Tari:8.78

and civilization courses were taught and A Beneficiaries: 2016-2021
number of people who benefited from them -3.70
Romania’s public debt, of which foreign A 13.69 2016-2021

VNR 2023 Romania Report Statistical Annex

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VNR 2023 Romania Report Statistical Annex

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ROMANIA

National Indicator for Main/ Average annual growth rate: Reference

Number of beneficiaries proposed to be paid

Number of poor people, by sex, age group,

Relative poverty rate (AROP), by sex, age

People in severe material deprivation, by sex, -11.02

In-work poverty rate A -3.77 2016-2021

Target 1.3: Consolidate the unified national system of emergency intervention,

The share of the budget allocated to the

National Indicator for Main/ Average annual growth rate: Reference

Prevalence of malnutrition (weight for height

Average daily calorie intake per capita by

Average daily total animal protein intake per

Target 2.2: Finalization of the agricultural cadastre

Area of registered land by category of use M 12.57 2016-2021

Share of agriculture in gross domestic

Budget allocation for research and

Target 2.5: Increase the use of local agricultural production

Target 2.6: Increase the share of ecological agriculture in total agricultural

Target 2.7: Preserve and capitalise on occupations and traditional uses of

Products certified at national Products certified at national

National Indicator for Main/ Average annual growth rate: Reference

Number of inhabitants returning to a family M

Rate of live births to teenage mothers (10-14 Teenage mothers

Mortality rate, under-5 years old per 1000 live

Neonatal mortality rate (deaths per 1,000

Life expectancy at birth A -0.1 2016-2021

Target 3.5: Increase vaccination coverage to the minimum level recommended by

Value of exports and imports of vaccines for Export: 100.11

Death rates due to tumours M -1.43 2016-2021

Target 3.9: Reduce the death rate from chronic diseases

Diabetes mellitus: 10.79

Target 3.10: Reduce the level of consumption of toxic substances

Average alcohol consumption per inhabitant M 3.67 2016-2021

Export: Tobacco and tobacco

National Indicator for Main/ Average annual growth rate: Reference

Government expenditure on education as

Participation rate in early childhood education

Share of low-achieving proficiency 15 year olds Reading: 1.78

Distribution of pre-university school

Number of vocational, post-high school and

Target 4.8: Expand the network of community- based permanent education

Participants in continuing vocational training

Percentage of successful Bacalaureate

Rate of young people neither in employment

Target 4.10: Increase the level of financial literacy among citizens

Loans granted to households A 7.19 2016-2022

Household deposits A 10.82 2016-2022

Target 4.11: Expand the concept of sustainable development in formal

Population aged 30-34 with a higher education

National Indicator for Main/ Average annual growth rate: Reference

Gender pay gap (in unadjusted form) M -15.91 2016-2020

Annual number of female victims of a form of

Number of victims of domestic violence, by

Number of victims of domestic violence crimes

Number of victims of human trafficking per

Number of victims under 18 years of age

Number of victims under 18 years of age

Proportion of women in managerial positions M 0.19 2016-2021

Total employment rate, by sex and age group

Proportion of seats held by women in national

National Indicator for Main/ Average annual growth rate: Reference

Romania’s water resources M -0.95 2016-2021