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Techniques of Measuring the Parameters of Body ! Chapter : Techniques of Measuring the

Parameters of Body Health
Health Chapter : Body Temperature
Form 4 Science

3.1 Body Temperature

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1. Temperature is a measurement of the degree of hotness and coldness of a substance Green Technology for Environmental
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2. Body temperature is the measurement of the degree of hotness and coldness of our
body. Genetics
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3. Normal body temperature: 36.9 °C or 37 °C. Body Coordination
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4. Body temperature is measured using a thermometer, and it is an initial assessment for
acute illness. Chemicals in Industry
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5. Type of thermometer Force and Motion

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Type of thermometer Function
Measuring body temperature
Measures temperature in the range of 35 ° C to 42 ° C
Clinical thermometer

Measuring the temperature of a liquid

Laboratory Measuring the temperature in the range of -10 ° C to 110 °
thermometer C

Measure body temperature through the anus

Rectal thermometer

Measure body temperature without body contact

Infrared thermometer

6. Interpreting body temperature

Body temperature
1.Exceed normal

Due to infections
Exposure to extremely hot conditions or exercise
Because the body (white blood cells) fight the pathogens that causing
the disease
Caused
by 2.Fall below normal

Due to exposure cold conditions

Can get hypothermia

1. Exceed normal

Muscles and joints aches

Chills
Epilepsy
Convulsions (cramps/ seizures)
Symptoms
2. Fall below normal

Shivering
Poor body condition
Difficulty in breathing

3.2 Pulse Rate

1. Pulse rate is the measurement of the number of heartbeats per minute (bpm).

2. Pulse points are few areas on the body where the pulse can be felt.

temple
neck
elbow
wrist
behind knee
behind ankle

4. Factors that affect our pulse rate

Factors Effect on pulse rate

Male has lower average pulse rate compared to female adults.
Gender
This is because the volume of the male heart is larger than female.

Babies and children have higher pulse rates compared to adults.

Age
This is because babies and children have smaller hearts than adults.

The more vigorously the physical activity, the higher the pulse rate.
Physical
This is because body cells need more oxygen to carry out the active activity,
activity
and the heart beats more to supply oxygen to the body cells.

Health A sick person has a higher pulse rate than a healthy person.

3.3 Blood Pressure

1. Normal blood pressure: 120 / 80 mmHg.

2. Systolic pressure refers to the blood pressure when the cardiac muscles contract, while
diastolic pressure refers to the blood pressure when the cardiac muscles relax.

3. The systolic pressure is 120 mmHg, and diastolic pressure is 80 mmHg.

4. Digital sphygmomanometer is used to measure blood pressure regularly to detect high

blood pressure.

5. High blood pressure

High blood pressure is due to a high intake of salt and salty food, smoking and a
high intake of fats.
Effects of high blood pressure are stroke, heart disease and kidneys failure.

3.4 Body Mass Index (BMI)

1. Formula body mass index (BMI):

Body Mass Index (BMI)

W eight(kg)
BM I = [Height(m)]2

2. Body mass index chart

BMI (kg m−2 ) Category

< 18.5 Underweight
18.5 - 24.9 Desirable weight
25.0 - 29.9 Overweight
30.0 or more Obese

3. The higher the BMI score, the higher the risk of getting

high blood pressure

diabetes mellitus
heart disease
cholesterol in the blood

4. Ways to increase body mass

Practice a healthy and balanced diet

Eat at fixed times
Consume snacks that are packed with nutrients to increase calories
Eat more nutritious food

5. Ways to decrease body mass

Set a realistic goal

Monitor and record your body mass
Eat healthy food in moderation
Make a few changes to your eating habits
Reduce or avoid food with high sugar or fat content
Do moderate exercises

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