(ACADEMIC SESSION 2020-2021) INMO WORKSHOP Qatep towards International Mathematical Olympiad re ry PRACTICE SHEET Corporate Office “SANKALP", CP-8, Indra Vihar, Kote (Rajecthan} INDIA-324005 ‘B 491- 744 - 2757575 @ infoWallenac.in INDIA-324005 B +21- 744-2752600 prenurt nae. Website: www.allen.ac.in Your Hard Work Leads to Strong FoundationCAREER FOUNDATION TARGET- INMO - 2021 PRACTICE SHEET #1 ALGEBRA MATHEMATICS 1. Solve the equations 0 & + 2) & + 3) 4) & 5) - 44. Wx +2) + 2-0, ve-2W) + 21-0, 2-5. 2. In an AP, of which a is the first term, if the sum of the first p terms - 0, show that the sum of the next q terms Liisi 3. Prove that 7477p <4 ab cd ate bid , for all positive real number a, b, ¢, d 4. Solve the equation () (@ + b) fax + b) (a — bx) = (@’x— b?) fa + by). 1 1 1 G0 3 = (2x—3)? = (12-1? 5. If a, B are the roots of x2 + px + q - 0, find the valuedlof a + of + BA a8 + BP of + ath? + ct 6. Let x, y and z be nonnegative real numbers satisfying the following"/ebnditions: fx + ey < 36, () 2x + 32 < 72, where c is a given positive mlinber. Prove that if 23, then the maximum of the sum x +9 +215 36, while if cei) the maximum of the\sunis)24 7. 2x =a + Band 2y ~ BYE BY Mind ahélhalae of 37 vO 8. Pind the vel SEMI: (PSSISIE (aay 5)? 9. Lot a and b sali a> b> 0,a+b=1 (i Prove that ifgmrand n are positive integers with m 4 (a) b? fa — of = 2 [c'b— af + a? (c — bY’). SO Ree UT OL)PRE-NURTURE COURSE INMO - 2021 is the greatest or least value of ax? + 2bx + c, according as a is negative or positive. ac-¥' 14, () Show that i) Itt + yt at + ict + ax? + xy! = Daye fx + y + 2), and x, y, z are all real, show that x = y = z. 15. Solve the equation V1+V1-x? ( yal+x) - yx 16. If a, B are roots of the equations xf + px + q = 0,2 + phe + q? = 0, where n an even integer, show 2B * y that $e are roots of x! + 1+ (e+ 1-0 17. Solve the equations 18. Find all vahies of m for which the equation 16x* — mx! + (2m_4. 17)! = Rael 16 = Olhas four distinct roots forming @ geometric progression, 19. Soke the equations (0 (x — y+ 2ab = ax + by, ny + ab = bx + ay Gi) ty + 2 = 6, Qe m+ Dey — 13 y+ 2B 20. IDA! + aft = ab? and at + b? ~ x8 EM, prove That BRM aA (OF 4 ANSWER. KEY 2{1 -2log2) Wx=2 [yop 72 1139 (x= 1. 39 12. 15. 7. Wx=ay=bz=c Wx-23,0rey-+lors3. 18. m= 170 19. ()x-a,y—bx-a,y- 2 x- yb 5 158 (x= 3orly=22-lordx Le ees 2) 2 Your Hard Work Leads to Strong FoundationCAREER FOUNDATION TARGET- INMO - 2021 MATHEMATICS f). Let x, be an arbitrary solution corresponding to a, Prove that 2. Solve the equations @1+e-70 +9" (0 Bey + 22-32 + Gy - Az + Be - 0 3. Solve the equations (wy + 6 = 2x— x, y-9 = ye (id (ex)? = (oy, ee = abe ez (996 1989 1,1 1 5 of their grestest common measure and least common mulipléls 33>: ind the numbers. 6. Soke the following equations ni? sefi-# () Y13x+37 - f13x-37 —1) w,o/Tee avr ayl-W = bvi-x 7. Suppose that|al)Belynomial Pik) = sh? BHF ax? +. + ax +a, with certain values of a, a has 10 redl soots)Brove that all roots of Pfx) are in between -2.5 and 4.5, 8. Find the valuds OF a. by @lWhich Wall make each of the expression xt + ax? + br? + ox + Land xt + Zax? + 2bx! + 204 + Tha! perfect Sauare 9. Solve the equations: B3.xt+ ye 65 V8? 51+ V2? — 10. For real numbers x, y, u, v satisfying av" law +3912 245 find the maximum and minimum values of S — x. tytn 11. Ifa, B, 7 ate the roots of the equation x! + x +r = 0 prove that Ska? + B+ Pet + p+ 79. 12. Sole the equations Ala + B+ ya Ge + (39-5) 4) O yeas 7)=27 SO Ree UT OL)PRE-NURTURE COURSE INMO - 2021 13, Eliminate x, y, z from the equations x! +y!+z'-alx+yte—b- t¥4+2- a eee se 2 =, and shew that if x, y, z are all finite and numerically unequal, b cannot be equal to d. 14. Soke the equation x" ~ 3x? — 8x + 40 - 8YAxr4 = 0, 15. The roots of the equation 3x" (x? + 8) + 16 (3-1) = 0 are not all unequal : find them. 16. Solve the equation x? + Sax? + lat — be) x + a? +b + CP — Babe = 0. | 17. Solve the system of equations : Ta(1- 18. Ifa, b, ¢ are the roots of the equation x* + px + q = 0, find the equation whose roots are ee Qat Pee a 8 19. Prove that (yt c= Balt + fe + x — Qu) + Oe + y — 2c) = 18 GP + y+ 2? — vr 20. Find all pokmomials Pfx) of the lowest degree with rational coeffiéihts that satisfy PWS +99) - 3-¥3 ANSKWER' KEY -5+VAll, 325 14 15 2 9 Poe 12. Wx Wee ay -3 or F @x-y-2--0;x ff 21,7 (i) X, ¥, Fay have the permutations of the valves 3, 5, 7. T3.-%' - 4) = 3 &-Ab-a 2 15. -2,-2,-2, 3 16. 4a +b +0), a+ ob + od, 4a + 0°) + a. UAT) _ 22+8V7 17. > 2 18. gy? — 2p4? — Spay — 2p — 1 20. pk'- x) fsiravis Maximum « 3 Your Hard Work Leads to Strong FoundationCAREER FOUNDATION TARGET- INMO - 2021 PRACTICE SHEET #5 ALGEBRA MATHEMATICS 1. Solve the equations 30x + 133 ~ 0 4x! — 10x! + 40x! + 9x — 36 = 0, having roots of the form +a, 2b, 2. Solve the equations (9 (12% - 1) (6x ~ 1) @x ~ 1) Bx 1) 1 (+ 1Me-3)_ 1 (x+3e-5) 2 (e+ 5-7) _ 92. (0S (x +2fx—4) "9 (x= 4\ox—6) 13 G+ 6)ix-8) ~ 585 . Jaan shy pager 3. Soke the stern 9x14 logy? + 2a) = 4. If nis a positive integer greater than 1, show that n° — 5n® + 60n? ~ 56n is a multiple of 120. 5. Solve the equations 07s Wy 4 Aww ea 2+ x? — ye + x) - b x t+y-akty=e way 6. Find the maximum value of P = where, ab, > and abe + a +c ~ b. 7. Solve the equations 0) race - 2a, aaa (x+y + Zee ee peryen -3 8. Show that are expression 62 v2) + (y? — 29)" + (2? — xy)? — 3x" — ya) (y* — 29) (2? — xy) is a perfect square, and find iis square root 2 2 ces minteyl 9. Positive numbers x, y, z satisfy xz is y, 2 satis 5 oe ls |v Find the maximum value of P = 5 10. Show that n - 7n® + 14n* ~ 8n Is divisible by 840, if n is an integer not less than 3. 11. Solve that equation () fx? +12y + fy? +12x - 33, x + y - 23. 2 A= ¥) _ ural _,, =a) SO Ree UT OL)PRE-NURTURE COURSE INMO - 2021 12. Let a, b, c be real numbers such that the A certain number is the product of three prime polmomical Pi) = x'+ ax? + bx +c has three factors, the sum of whose squares is 2331. There real (not necessarily distinct) roots. Prove that are 7560 numbers (inckiding unity) which are less Lab + 27e < 6a? + 10a? ~ 2b}#2. When does than the number and prime to it. The sum of its equality occur? divisor (including unity and the number itself) is 13. If a, B, 7 are the roots of the equation x — px” 10560. Find the number. + ¥ = 0, find the equation whose roots are | 18. Form an equation whose roots shall be the Seapyen axl products of every two of the roots of the equation 8 3 ax + bx Fe = 0. a By 14. Solve the equations » 61, e-y8 = 91 8 bxly—2? = boa 19. Solve the system /y? + yle—x}? = 15. Soke the sytem | *3'=249 2 +abx-y)?= 38 Lx? —Sxy+y? = 8y 17x 16. Ifo, Bare the roots of x* + px + 1 = 0, and 7, | 20+ Sole the equations: 5 are the roots of x! + qx + 1 = 0; show that () xe yt 2 2, ygalie + 20,98 + (-)6-)e+9G+9-e- ved O) > (egal. - 6 2 boyF ANSWER KEY) 1 8 ee yids - 302 9. \B 11. Wx = 1316 10)y "10 or 13 11 5230 _ 2 Sap ag (zee ts - 2) B= w - 3) (1% — 4) 120) dln—b) | _cla—b) bdo), alc) dae dae amb ab 13, i+ 3n? + Gr- pvt r= 0 3. a. x 6,5, BE ate 2 5. fl s29- (i) = Mbt + oh a? — af, & , where 242 | 15 (0 + bE + ef — Sato — 1 . 7 It is easy to show that ax + béy + cz = 0, and ays bet cen xis y+ oo Sue = aie + | 18 yh byt— ay bi + el 19. x-1y-32-2 . 2 20. (x, v, 2 are the permutations of the quantities 1 51+30V2 17a Tx = EN ay TE teminate x] (Wx, v, z are the permutations of the quantities tox 2 Your Hard Work Leads to Strong FoundationCAREER FOUNDATION TARGET- INMO - 2021 PRACTICE SHEET #6 ALGEBRA MATHEMATICS 1. Show that a° (eb) + bY (a6) + cb a) = ~~ a) @—b) Ea! + Eakb + aby), x84 x? + Dx 2. Soke the system jy? +3y? +2y- +32 +22-5=x (2) x8 — 13x? + 15x + 189 - 0, having given that one root exceeds another root by 2. (2) xt — 4x2 + 8x + 35 = 0, having aiven that one root is 2+ JG 4. ix ty 47+ w= 0, show that wxiwix? + dur} + awry) + adieu + watz + ulerg? + dou -0. 5. Find the greatest value of a real number k so that for any postive numbers a, b, ¢ withabe — 1 the following inequality hokls 6 ab 1 postive quantities, show that +11 alli” . Ifa, b, are veal postive quantites, show that 2+ t-+ Gade nr + ORE NGYS Or bre Gt tt.) the number ofiguaies 2, b,c... being n, and p and q being postive LL, Lat x, y, 2 be get nonnegative real numbers. Prove that fa aia boy + we + ae 2 4. When does equality ocauy? PO eP) 12. Solve the equations 13. Solve the equations Ox? + Qe = y+ Wma e+ By + 3 = 76. xtyszsasbte a bie ax+by+cr=be+casab) SO Ree UT OL)[= 2=RACE ACE PRE-NURTURE COURSE INMO - 2021 14. Prove that fx, y,zare nonzero real number with x + y +2~ 0, then 15. 2 +(x—yP 16. Biminate x, y, z from the equations WON VO ES and ax + by + 2 = 0. 17. Leta, b, be nonzero real numbers such that a + b+ c= Oand a + b+ c3~ a + b° + c®. Prove that a+bsc= 18. If two roots of the equation x? + px® + gx + r= 0 be equal and of opposite signs, show that px 19. Show that the equation Yaxsa+Ox+B+yax+7 — 0 reduces to a simple ecuationi! Ja 2Jb2ve - 0. Solve the equaation 837 —12x— 39 + 2x" — 3x15 - 2x7 — 3x +20 - 20. Solve in real numbers the equation x+y +2N7=8 + a+ gage x Ay eeu ew ANSWER KEY xeyezel 07,9,-3 ke1 -26, 14 + 8407, x44 aby 12 68 ep Nae 13, x= y- SEIbEV or x= 4, 6.46; y= 6, 4, -6, -4; = 5,5, 5, yob ave We=a) lab) 15. VP ee tPF, Ko 16. +b ec= Ft dt C+a+C@+d. = A, where (b —¢) (e~ a) (aD i= ah + = be — ca — ab. yo, 327 4 20. x-y-u 1 2-3 . xeyeuve dz- Your Hard Work Leads to Strong FoundationCAREER FOUNDATION TARGET- INMO - 2021 PRACTICE SHEET #7 ALGEBRA MATHEMATICS 1. Find the sum of the fifth powers of the roots of the equation x — 7x? + dx — 3 = 2. Eliminate x, y, z from the equations l yy 2 Lo stay?sz? =v? ] 3 we=d| 3. Sohethe cation dhesfan+ ft6xeyoVaheed ~ VE -1 4. Show that the roots of the equation x1 — px + qx? — nx + 1,=0 are in proportion. Hence solve xt — 12x) + 47x! — 72x + 36 - 5. Solve the equation: 2 ayo? =a 2 xlys2— Brera Gee axysy? =a wd 6. Sole the equation ra + Vxrb + VK €= Vea bc. Where a bleare teal parameters. Discuss the equation in terms of the value of the paraieters. 11. 7% Os 1 abe bg arbre ‘and n iden oxid integer, show that (io If us — v6 Ae Bia (2-v9 © dav (AGIA, - "Or prove that (uv — 16u%? (I - uf) (1 - v9. 8. Ix +y +253, Wb m + y= Ba XE F, prove that y+ 2—») @+x— K+ y- 2-27 + 36pq - 8r, and G+ Z— hs (2 x= UN + be + y— 2! = 2p! 2. 9. Leta and be distinet positive realmitmbers. find all pairs of positive real numbers (x, v) solutions to the system of equattons. xt yt Saxby 10. Solve the equations: Wart tytz-meayt bowser a0. 1. 12. Solve the equation | SO Ree UT OL)[= 2=RACE ACE PRE-NURTURE COURSE INMO - 2021 13. If a, B, 7, 8 be the roots of the eqaution x! + px + qx? + ne + s = 0, find in terms of the coefficients the value of S (a — BF (y ~ oF 14, Prove that the equation {y + 2 — 8x! + (2 + x — Sy)! + (« + y— 82)! = 0s equivalent to the xy — 2? + vez — xP + af — w= 0. 2xve-(x+y~2) x+y tae onbjiixey+2=0 a ble.a 16. If the equation +257 yao qed have @ pair of equal roots, then either one of the quantities ‘a’ oe dt orate Letelil or ‘b’ is equal to one of the quantities ‘c’ or ‘d’, or else wk ca Prove also that the roots are then — 2,3, 0: -b, 0; oF 0, 0, -2% 17. Solve the equations We ty +2 ab ett yl ez = ath, xyz - at (i) yz + by + cz bx tert acy tat by-atbte e 1 18. Sohe in real number the equation fX,=1 + 24% —4 gale n” Sy ees) 19. Find the real roots of the equations wavew =a w+ uy +d yf + we + ue = be wu + ue +x) Powe v- ew + wath) - 20. Show that f° + v? — 28% where x. v, z ate infegerSithen 20 1? + Qik — le), 2y re + Bek ~ & 2a ~ 2 + 13) where +, and Kate integer bey ANSWER KEY 1-140 o 2. aed — 34°)? + (abe + 24) fab? — oF? ° 4 2,613 13. 242 — 6pr + 24s 17. (0 x, y, z have the permutations of the values a, 5. x= y=2=0or 5. i howewr x? + y+ 1 _——___ gab-1+ ve? -26-3) +24 mx +xy- 0, thnx +y +2--a, and the solution is indeterminate. x 19. 10. (x= 1,0, 0% &eu y= Leo: 2 =a +0), - 0 + bo, 4a0" + ba) Your Hard Work Leads to Strong FoundationCAREER FOUNDATION TARGET- INMO - 2021 PRACTICE SHEET #8 ALGEBRA MATHEMATICS 1. Solve the equation x! + y! +z! - 2* 2. Find all distinet, positive integers xx, ....., such that Dt ay + DR Ket ese + OM 1) Ry en Ray SRM weeny 3B. Find all integers x, y,z,v, tsuch that xtytztue aut tty) v8) ny tat vt ayy +) + vibe + yp 4. P(x) and Q(x) are two polynomials such that P(PEx)) ~ Pix)" + x** + Q(x). Find the smallest possible degree of Q. 5. Find the sum of all real x such that ie 6. Leta--J3 + JB +y7.b- B-EtV7.c- JB +y5 - V7 - Evaluate 4 “ é {a= bfa=c) * = ehb=a) * = ale-B) 7. Forreal numbers (x, v, 2) satistving the following equationsffindallpossible values of x +17+2: Mytyetoanl ay? + ye? + 2x el vy -2 8. Prove that for distinct real mums a,b, c thesystemlof equation, xioat+b'=0 xi- bx! Be = 0 x3 ox? ao has no real solutions, 9. Kriti choose a hatural humbePhn> I'and wrote thenumbers 1 +n, 1+n?,1+n°,____1 +n! ona chalkboard. ‘Then she erased som ofthe numBers so that among the remaining numbers, any two are relalivay prime. Atmost how many nurabers eould Kei have left on the board. 10. Find 2 polynomial phi) such that [p(x))/—x is divisible by (x— 1) (x 2) 6-3) 1. 12. fax’ +bx +, where a = 0, c= 0, has a factor of the form x? + px + 1, show that a? ind values of a’ahd b which will make (ax +b) (+ 1) (Gx + 1) disuble by x + 1. Check your answer =ab 13. A monic cubic polynomial over Z has the property that one of its zeros is the product of the other two. show that it must be reducible over Z, 14. For what integer a does x? — xt a divide x! + x + 90? 15. Determine all values of the parameters a and b for which the polynomial x* + (2a + Ix? + (a— 1x! + bx +4 can be factored into a product of two monie quadratic polynomials p(s) and ais) such that the equation q(x) ~ 0 has two different roots rand s with plt)~ sand p(s) =r. 16. Determine a necessary and sufficient condition on the integers b and c such that both the polynomials Pe bt+c andt?+bt+c+ 1 are reducible over Z, 17. Let f be a monic polynomial over Z and suppose that there are four distinct intagers a, b, ¢, d for which f(a) ~ fb) ~ fc) ~ fd) - 12. Show that there is no integer k for which f(k) ~ 25. 18. Prove that if the integer a is not divisible by 5, then f(x) = x*—x + a cannot be factored as the product of two nonconstant polynomials with integer coefficients SO Ree UT OL)[= 2=RACE ACE PRE-NURTURE COURSE INMO - 2021 19. Solve in real numbers the system of equations vi subse! xttyhsue= 20. Sole the equations (@ Que + 3 = (x — 1) By + 1) dz 1) + 12 = + 1) By- 1) e+ 1) + 80-0. (i) Bux — 2yy = vx + uy = Bu? + DF = 14; wy = 10w. 21. Ifa, b,c... are the roots of the equation x* + px! + pxt? +. + px +p, — 0} find the sum of a + B44. and show that [4-74 22. Consider the quadratic polnomials tx) - x? + p.x + a, and tx) - x2+ p+ a,4 where By, p,. 4, 4, are real ‘numbers. Prove that if pokmomials and t, have zeros of the same nature, then the polynomial th) =x + (bp, + 4a) x + (gee? has real zeros. 23. Prove that Sia? + b! + cf > 9 (a? + be) (but cal (PE ab. 24. Prove that if the equations x° + gx — es and ne - 20% = Sarg 75° have a common root the first eqution will have a pair of equal roots; and if cach of these iS a, find all the roots of the second equation, 25. Leta, b, c be real numberyfith a0 such that the quad polyoma! The) = ax bex + bE = abe has nonreal 20988 Prove that exaetly on@of the polynomials Tyfx) = ax° + bx +c and T,{x) ax’ + cx + b has only positive valuues. 26. If xa” —3x® tyyPa? =BWpp 2 Oa Se" = 0, where 2? stands for x? + y? k+y +a ety eM oye 2 e+ y- 2-0. 27. Solve the equation xd (2m + Ix! + (m— Ix? + (2m# + I) + m= 0, where m isa real parameter. 2, prove that ANSWER KEY 20. 21. 24. Your Hard Work Leads to Strong Foundation