WWJ-TV - Wikipedia

1/16/24, 12:39 AM WWJ-TV - Wikipedia
WWJ-TV
WWJ-TV (channel 62), branded on-air as CBS Detroit, is a

television station licensed to Detroit, Michigan, United States, WWJ-TV
owned and operated by the CBS television network. It is owned
by the network's CBS News and Stations group alongside
WKBD-TV, an independent station; the stations share studios Detroit, Michigan
on Eleven Mile Road in the Detroit suburb of Southfield. United States
WWJ-TV's transmitter is located in Oak Park. Channels Digital: 21 (UHF)
Founded as WGPR-TV in 1975 by Dr. William V. Banks and Virtual: 62
the International Free and Accepted Modern Masons as an
Branding CBS Detroit; CBS
extension of WGPR (107.5 FM), channel 62 in Detroit was the
News Detroit
first Black-owned television station in the continental United
States. Though its ambitious early programming plans catering Programming
to the Black community were not entirely successful due to Affiliations 62.1: CBS
economic and financial limitations, the station still produced
several locally notable shows and housed a fully-staffed news for others, see
department. WGPR-TV helped launch the careers of multiple § Subchannels
local and national Black television hosts and executives, Ownership
including Pat Harvey, Shaun Robinson, Sharon Dahlonega
Owner CBS News and
Bush, and Amyre Makupson. The original studios for WGPR-
TV, still in use by the radio station, have been preserved as a Stations (Paramount
museum and recognized as a historical landmark with Global)
inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places. (CBS Broadcasting
Inc.)
In 1994, when a major affiliation switch threatened to leave
CBS without an affiliate in the Detroit market after multiple Sister WKBD-TV
failures to secure a more successful station, the network stations
bought WGPR-TV and dropped all existing programming in History
favor of CBS and syndicated programs, later changing the call
First air date September 29, 1975
letters to WWJ-TV. The station has made multiple
unsuccessful attempts at producing local newscasts in its more Former call WGPR-TV (1973–
than 25 years under CBS ownership. From assuming the signs 1995)[1]
affiliation in 1994 until 2001, from 2002 to 2009 and again Former Analog: 62 (UHF,
from 2012 until 2023, WWJ-TV was the only station directly channel 1975–2009)
owned by any of the "Big Three" networks not to have any number(s)
significant local news presence. A full news department, Digital: 44 (UHF,
known as CBS News Detroit, began operation in January 2023 1999–2020)
as an extension of CBS News's streaming service. Former Independent (1975–
affiliations 1994)
Prior use of channel 62 in Detroit Call sign derived from former
meaning sister station WWJ
On September 15, 1968, WXON-TV began broadcasting on radio
channel 62.[3] Licensed to nearby Walled Lake, Michigan,
WXON-TV operated on channel 62 for four years. In 1970, it Technical information[2]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WWJ-TV 1/41
purchased the construction permit of WJMY, a channel 20 Licensing FCC

station that was built out but which its owner, United authority
Broadcasting, had no financial resources to operate, for Facility ID 72123
$413,000 in United's expenses related to the permit.[4] Land
mobile interests pushed back against the sale, seeking that ERP 380 kW
channel 20 be reassigned for their use in metro Detroit.[4] The HAAT 326.7 m (1,072 ft)
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) approved the Transmitter 42°26′52.5″N
move in June 1972,[5] and WXON moved from channel 62 to coordinates 83°10′23.1″W
channel 20, using the former WJMY construction permit, on
Links
December 9, 1972.[6]
Public Public file (https://pu
license
WGPR-TV information
blicfiles.fcc.gov/tv-pr
ofile/WWJ-TV)
LMS (https://enterpri
Built by Masons seefiling.fcc.gov/dat
aentry/public/tv/publi
We don't believe anybody else The move of WXON-TV cFacilityDetails.htm
can do as well presenting black from channel 62 to l?facilityId=72123)
culture as we ourselves. channel 20 left the
former available for Website www.cbsnews.com
assignment again in /detroit/ (https://ww
William V. Banks [7] Detroit. On October 10, w.cbsnews.com/detr
1972, less than two oit/)
months before WXON
vacated the channel, W.G.P.R., Inc., the owner of WGPR (107.5 FM), applied to the FCC for a new
construction permit on channel 62.[1] On May 31, 1973, the FCC approved the application. What
made this action noteworthy was the nature of WGPR: it was owned by the International Free and
Accepted Modern Masons, loosely tied to Freemasonry with an exclusive Black membership.
Founded in 1950 by Dr. William V. Banks in Canton, Ohio, the Masons boasted 350,000 members
a quarter-century later.[8][9] Purchased by the Masons in 1964,[10] WGPR-FM was one of three
Black-owned radio stations in Metro Detroit, and one of four that directly programmed to the
Black community; it was lower-rated and placing a heavy emphasis on gospel music and religious
fare, particularly on Sundays. However, it was still seen as valuable: the Masons rebuffed an offer
of $1.5 million for WGPR-FM in 1973 (equivalent to $9,888,306 in 2022).[11]
WGPR-TV was the first Black-owned television station in the mainland United States,[12] as the
two television stations in the U.S. Virgin Islands, WSVI and WBNB-TV, were Black-owned.[13]
Banks promised a schedule of mostly locally produced programs and news focusing on items of
interest to Detroit's Black community,[12] telling Jet, a nationally known weekly magazine aimed at
the Black community, that the station "will provide in-depth penetration into the problems, goals,
aspirations and achievements of Blacks and related ethnic groups".[14] The pursuit of a television
station wholly owned and operated by Blacks was seen as particularly important given high
television usage in the community; a 1975 Cablelines survey found Black people watched television
at an average of 30 hours a week compared to 21 hours a week for Whites, while Black children
watched television for seven hours every day.[15] Meanwhile, Banks's pursuit of a television station
also had connections with the prior channel 62 in Detroit: Banks had analyzed purchasing WXON-
TV, which was for sale for $1 million, but the Ford Foundation and four Detroit banks denied him
financing. Following this, an attempt was made to acquire WJMY, which instead was sold to
WXON-TV for them to move from channel 62 to channel 20.[16]
The construction process took nearly two years, in part because lenders were unwilling to loan
money to finance the station's start-up.[17] However, work accelerated in 1975 as the Masons sold
real estate holdings elsewhere to finance operations. A former industrial office building at 3146
East Jefferson Avenue was purchased to house WGPR radio and television, while federal
government support expedited the purchase of steel necessary to erect a new transmitter
facility.[18] Broadcasting began at noon on September 29, 1975, with recorded greetings from
President Gerald R. Ford and Senator Robert P. Griffin.[19] Ford said in his address, "WGPR will
serve as a symbol of successful Black enterprise. This is truly a landmark, not only for the
broadcasting industry but for American society... I only wish I could be with you in person as
WGPR goes on the air."[20] Banks credited President Ford for helping remove bureaucratic red
tape for the Masons and overriding existing directives from The Pentagon for the steel
purchase.[21] The Detroit Free Press hailed the station's sign-on in an October 3, 1975, editorial as
"a new dimension and added stature to the area's entire telecommunications industry".[22]
Signing on with a local focus
(Detroit) is a city of 1.4 million people,

more than half of whom are Black. Yet,
if you watch the other stations, you
find that the programming is only
about one or two percent Black. We felt
that there was room for another station
one that speaks to a Black audience.
Amyre (Porter) Makupson, Doug

James Panagos, WGPR-TV vice
Morison and Sharon Crews
presented WGPR-TV's nightly Big president[21]
City News in 1976.
Channel 62 debuted in a television environment with a dearth

of Black talent and programming. This was most acute in the areas of syndicated shows and
advertising. James Panagos, WGPR-TV's vice president of sales, was unable to hire a Black ad
salesman, so he set up a school to train TV sales professionals.[7] Some White employees were
hired with the stipulation that they train Black employees in their fields.[23]: 38 Despite a national
recession, WGPR-TV was able to secure $125,000 in advertising commitments from national
companies including the major automakers and department stores Sears and Kmart, enabling
them to cover all operating costs for the first year; an additional $300,000 was raised within the
station's first 40 days on-air.[21]
Little programming fulfilling the station's promise was available to the station in the syndication
market, with reruns of the Bill Cosby drama I Spy being the highest-profile show, and the only one
on WGPR-TV that starred a Black actor.[21] I Spy, Rawhide, and Up and Coming were aired as
management felt the shows treated Black people respectfully and acceptably.[23]: 41 Consequently,
channel 62 leaned heavily on local program production, much of it created from scratch by the
station.[24] Proposed programs, not all of which were eventually produced, included a soap opera,
A Time to Live, set at a bar; a live morning show with a studio audience, The Morning Party; and a
children's show, The Candy Store, alongside other public service programming.[7] Local
production would account for 90 percent of WGPR-TV's entire schedule, an amount unheard of for
the market's larger and more established stations.[9] Vice president of programming George White,
who joined WGPR-FM in 1970 as program director,[25] boasted that WGPR-TV would "operate as
a complete production house".[26] Bill Humphries hosted Speaking of Sports,[23]: 39 which focused
on local athletics and high school sports.[24] Conrad Patrick, one of the station's 15 White
employees on a staff of 48, had planned to host a game show named Countdown,[27] which never
aired.[8] Additional syndicated offerings like The Abbott and Costello Show, Get Smart, Felix the
Cat, and assorted B-movies comprised the remainder of the schedule.[23]: 39 Prior to launch, one
distribution company in Puerto Rico was interested in syndicating A Time to Live and The Scene
internationally to Argentina and the Caribbean.[24] Several Black-focused public affairs shows—
including Black on Black, which WGPR-TV and WEWS-TV jointly produced—and James Brown's
syndicated variety series Future Shock were also carried.[23]: 41
One show, the live dance music program The Scene,

I remember when I told my [parents] I drew on the success of WGPR radio and was among
wanted to go into journalism, but they its most successful;[29] cars would sometimes clog
had other ideas. They were used to Jefferson Avenue to see the stars arrive for tapings.[9]
women being in positions of... being a Scene co-host Nat Morris was originally hired in 1972
nurse, a very honorable profession, or for WGPR-FM and was simply given directions to
a teacher, which is what my mother play music on the program as if he were a disc jockey,
was. I told my father a broadcast with the cameras focusing on the dancers
journalist, he looked at me strangely, throughout.[30] Often compared to American
and said, 'well Pat I don't know about Bandstand and Soul Train, the program inspired
that. I mean, you don't look anything multiple locally popular dance moves during
like Walter Cronkite...' competitions. A full-time talent coordinator was
responsible for fielding mail-in requests for
prospective on-stage dancers and booking singers
Pat Harvey[28] and musical acts.[31] James Brown, The Gap Band,
The Time and Jermaine Jackson were among the
program's most notable musical guests.[32] Prince,
then a part of The Time, had also been heavily promoted on WGPR-FM; he and the band gave the
stations several Gold Records.[33] When Nat Morris took time off for a vacation, Panagos tapped
Pat Harvey, who joined WGPR-TV in 1976[34] as a sales assistant, to be Morris's fill-in host dubbed
"The Disco Lady". In addition to being on The Scene, Harvey hosted a daily five-minute public
affairs show on WGPR-FM before joining WJBK-TV (channel 2), the market's CBS affiliate, in their
community affairs department.[28] Harvey later found greater success as a news anchor for
Chicago's WGN-TV and Los Angeles's KCAL-TV, becoming the highest-paid Black news anchor in
the country in 1995 at the latter station after signing a multi-year $1 million contract.[34] Another
early show, Rolling Funk, also featured dance music but in a roller derby environment, taped at an
Inkster roller rink. This program was produced independently by a Black-owned production
company with aspirations for syndication.[35]
The promise of WGPR-TV's news department lured Jerry Blocker away

from WWJ-TV (channel 4), the city's NBC affiliate,[27] where he had become
Detroit's first Black newsman in 1967.[36] Big City News initially aired twice
a day,[27] intending to cover topics that the three network-affiliated TV
newsrooms in town did not.[18] Big City News targeted Detroit's urban
population and eschewed the suburban audience that was more interested
in crime reporting that disproportionately covered Blacks:[23]: 41 Blocker
explained that "there are many stories, both negative and positive, that are
not being told, and that's what we're trying to get into".[37] Emphasis was
given to positive stories about the Black community, social advocacy issues
and community events.[8] Sharon Crews was the station's first weather
presenter,[13] while Amyre Makupson (née Porter), later the host of WKBD-
TV's 10 p.m. newscast,[38] got her start at WGPR-TV's news department.[39]
Previously working in public relations, Makupson was laid off when the
noon newscast she anchored was cancelled after 30 days due to lack of
Sharon (Crews)
money, but she volunteered at the station for the next 18 months, later
Dahlonega Raiford
explaining, "you don't walk into a door without a tape... you have to get a
Bush in 2012
tape from somewhere."[40] Employees often fell into their jobs in similar
ways: Ken Bryant Jr., later a producer for WKBD/WWJ-TV, had been hired
as a cameraman but wound up becoming the director of the first edition of Big City News.[23]: 38
The mere existence of a news department at WGPR-TV was credited with increasing the number of
Black writers, anchors, and sources at the network-affiliated stations.[41] Big City News was also
the first television news operation in Detroit to use videotape for news-gathering purposes,
eschewing film entirely.[37]
Financial and technical challenges
After a year on the air, the The station's early months were very rough: technical
fanfare and some of the more failures were common; broadcast hours were cut back; and
ambitious goals have been lost much of the programming plans were curtailed after just one
in the dust. In retrospect the month when Banks felt the station was losing too much
station has done better than money.[9] Hopes of WGPR-TV making an immediate ratings
some expected—simply by impact by luring existing Black viewers from the other
surviving. But it has not lived channels in the market—five licensed to Detroit proper and
up to all the rhetoric of those two in Windsor, Ontario—failed to materialize.[21]
first weeks. Commercials, particularly from the national clients that had
made pledges to WGPR-TV, either failed to play correctly or
would not play at all due to poor equipment; General Motors
Howard Rontal[8] in particular withdrew their advertising but allowed the
station to keep the money.[30] Banks's daughter, station vice
president Tenicia Gregory, left a job as a college instructor to
help run the station and never left, despite the early struggles. Gregory later said, "television
turned out to be more than any of us thought... at the end of [1975], it was obvious that I couldn't
walk away from it. It was impossible."[40]
Where promises of 90 percent local production had once been

made by Banks, that figure was 30 percent by the end of
1975.[29] A Time to Live, the intended star program, was
delayed heavily by a conflict-of-interest dispute involving its
writers—both of whom were Black reporters for The Detroit
News—and ultimately never aired, along with several other
announced shows.[8] Substantial downsizing and
reorganizations took place at WGPR-TV: the news department
was reduced from twelve people to six,[23]: 42 and Blocker
departed after less than a year on the advice of a doctor[9] while
Sharon Crews left at the end of 1976 to join WGHP-TV.[42]
Altogether, monthly payroll was trimmed from $35,000 to
$18,000 by July 1977 alongside other austerity measures.[43]
The station had lost as much as $15,000 a week (equivalent to
$81,577 in 2022) during its first year on-air[23]: 42 amid threats
of equipment repossession and closure.[9] WGPR's transmitter
1976 WGPR-TV print advertisement
was damaged following an August 1976 thunderstorm, forcing
showing the station's "butterfly"
the station to be off-the-air for an entire weekend while repairs
logo.
were made.[44] Camera tube replacements for one of the two
cameras The Scene used could not take place, as the $35,000
cost was deemed prohibitive, resulting in mismatched pictures from the cameras.[30] Even the
technical innovation of using videotape became a hindrance due to continuous wiping, resulting in
both degraded overall quality on-air and much of the station's early years being lost.[23]: 34
In 1977, one station vice president, Ulysses W. Boykin, testified before the Senate Commerce
Subcommittee on Communications that "there appears to have been a conspiracy in the United
States that has kept the Black minority out of meaningful participation in radio and television
ownership [and] has prevented those Black-owned stations from getting a fair share of the
business as well as any financing".[16] Advertising remained a primary obstacle as few White-
owned businesses were willing or motivated to partner with Black-owned media, let alone channel
62, limiting the amount of local output that could be produced even further.[23]: 39–40 One major
problem, however, was far beyond the station's control. Detroit's decreasing overall population and
concurrently growing Black population—which by 1976 was larger than the total populations of
either Louisville, Kentucky, or Nashville, Tennessee[8]—coupled with overall economic
disinvestment, resulted in fewer opportunities for Black entrepreneurs.[23]: 42 One analysis of
Black capitalism in Detroit during the mid-1970s saw as many as 90 percent of Black-run
businesses failing in the first five years through a combination of managerial inexperience, under-
capitalization, poor locations and bankers unwilling to offer loans.[8] Still, some ad agencies
partnered with WGPR-TV despite minimal ratings: Young & Rubicam representative Judy
Anderson explained, "There aren't any ratings. You've got to go by the seat of your pants... I believe
in addressing the black market as much as you can."[43]
Turning to religion and creativity
Banks was able to keep the station afloat by brokering time to religious ministries.[9] The Masons,
and Banks especially, held deep religious convictions and operated under Christian beliefs and
values.[23]: 36 When the Masons purchased WGPR-FM in 1964, Banks gave the call sign (which
originally stood for "Grosse Pointe Radio") the alternate meaning of "Where God's Presence
Radiates".[45] Among the earliest national ministries that purchased airtime was The PTL Club,
which became one of the station's more popular religious programs.[46] By 1977, The PTL Club
purchased 24 hours a week on the station, with the ministry paying $36,000 on a monthly
basis.[43] Various ethnic groups also purchased airtime on WGPR-TV. The Arab Voice of Detroit
was a weekly Saturday night program hosted by Faisal Arabo aimed at Metro Detroit's Arab-
language communities[47] and Iraqi-American population, one of the largest of any American
city.[48] Arabo launched Arab Voice in June 1979[49] after having hosted a similar radio show over
WJLB (1400 AM).[50] Channel 62's other shows included Dino's Greece, Polish Panorama, and
Romanian Variety;[23]: 40 such programming had been introduced as far back as early 1976.[51]
While these shows opened up WGPR-TV to other underserved minority voices—a commitment
Banks made in the station's license application[51]—this was criticized by some for turning the
station into a home for special interests and thus ignoring the Black community.[52]
Some of the televangelists channel 62 featured were controversial. Richard Brookes hosted Faith
for Miracles, which debuted in December 1977 on Sunday afternoons and eventually added two
weekday programs. Brookes's on-air presence encountered scrutiny after an August 20, 1979,
Detroit Free Press front-page story revealed his history with spousal abuse, adultery and violence,
along with substantial unpaid debts to Canton station WJAN-TV and a Cleveland advertising
agency.[53] His program was dropped several weeks later after donations fell.[54] Rev. Laurence J.
London, who hosted a Sunday evening program, was arrested in June 1982 along with his wife by
Birmingham police on charges of prostitution and solicitation.[55] Jerry Falwell Sr.'s The Old-Time
Gospel Hour was also picked up by WGPR-TV[40] and attracted attention in 1985 when Falwell
called Anglican Archbishop Desmond Tutu "a phony" for representing Blacks in South Africa and
his anti-Apartheid stances.[56] Tenicia Gregory defended the station's airing of Falwell, saying, "If
we say we reject all the programming that has opinion that we do not believe in personally, we
would not be able to be on the air ... to train all of the minorities we have and ... offer the public
alternative programming and programming from a black perspective."[40] One church used their
paid airtime on channel 62 in a novel way: the Metropolitan Church purchased a prime time hour
on WGPR-TV for $1,200 for a fundraising campaign on November 7, 1981. While only members of
the congregation could participate, not all of them consistently attended, so the church reached
them via television. The hour-long program raised $404,902 (equivalent to $1,303,334 in
2022).[57]
All-night movies were also added to broaden channel 62's appeal in 1977;[58] this made the station
the first in the market to operate 24 hours a day.[43][59] Ron "The Ghoul" Sweed, a local horror
host, moved his Z movie/comedy show to WGPR-TV on January 6, 1978, after prior runs on
WXON and WKBD-TV,[60] but the program was quietly cancelled by June.[61] The weekly Black
Film Showcase debuted on February 3, 1979; hosted by Karen Hudson-Samuels, the program
centered around feature films starring Blacks, along with profiles on the stars and a panel
discussion.[62] Detroit representative Charles Diggs hosted Diggs' Washington Forum, a panel
discussion program taped from Washington, D.C., as part of the station's public service
offerings.[63] Banks offered the time slot after Diggs helped amend a treaty with the Canadian
Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) that allowed the station to be
viewable over-the-air in Canada, saying, "We feel indebted to him, so we did what we could to help
him out."[8] Gregory, who frequently referred to her father as "Dr. Banks", later reflected on his
deferrals whenever she asked him for advice, instilling the importance of making decisions for
herself.[40] Nat Morris remembered Banks once insisted a newer set for The Scene was not
necessary, saying "the set is not the show", prompting Morris to focus on the show in a more
substantial manner.[30]
One potential method of making money was unsuccessful. In 1979, the station sold the rights for a
potential subscription television service to be broadcast over WGPR-TV to Universal Subscription
Television (US-TV), an affiliate of Canadian communications company CanWest Capital
Corporation.[64] At the time, Universal was operating one subscription operation, on Boston's
WQTV, and held authorizations to operate in several other areas, including Long Island,
Minneapolis, and Sacramento, California.[65] In 1981, US-TV was acquired in two parts by Satellite
Television & Associated Resources of Santa Monica, California; the first acquisition included
unbuilt franchises for services on WGPR-TV and KSTS in San Jose, California.[66] However, no
such pay service ever materialized, likely because Detroit already had two such operators in
place.[67] By 1983, after eight years of operation, channel 62 finally turned a profit[9] and offered
over 60 hours a week of local programming.[40] The station also began airing assorted sporting
events, starting in 1981 with Michigan State Spartans men's basketball, Major League Baseball on
NBC games preempted by WDIV-TV, NBA on CBS games preempted by WJBK-TV, and Mizlou
Television Network's coverage of the 1981 Astro-Bluebonnet Bowl.[68]
After Banks's death
William V. Banks died in August 1985 at the age of The idea was they could be a black
82.[70] Banks's death triggered a brief round of entry onto the airwaves. But Channel
dissension among the Masons, including a March 62 has fallen far short of what the
1986 lawsuit by 46 members of the lodge claiming black community hoped for in Detroit.
that Ivy Banks, William's widow, had denied any I hope something happens to get them
information about the financial condition of the off dead center. There won't be any
WGPR stations to them.[71] One of the plaintiffs was change, however, until the black
George Mathews, an accountant and former Union community approaches management
Carbide employee from Niagara Falls, New York. and says, 'We want change and are
During this time, the station received several willing to support you.'
unsolicited offers, most notably a bid from a
company called Heart of Downtown Television
headed by Lansing television station owner Joel
Ferguson and including former boxer Thomas Buzz Luttrell, former WXYZ-TV
Hearns and former basketball player and future reporter[69]
Detroit mayor Dave Bing. [72] Analysts believed that
the station would be able to pose a ratings and
revenue threat to WXON and WKBD with even a
minor investment in programming and equipment, noting that WKBD had been sold for
$70 million two years earlier.[69] While the February 1985 Arbitron ratings listed WGPR-TV in last
place in every category, with only one percent of all television sets in the Detroit media market
tuned in to channel 62,[40] the combined profit margin for WGPR radio and television in 1984 was
31 percent, well above the National Association of Broadcasters (NAB) average of 18.8 percent for
an average UHF station.[69]
No sale materialized, and, after a judge ruled in favor of the Masons and against Ivy Banks,
Mathews moved to Detroit to run WGPR-TV and improve a station that, per New York media
analyst Peter Appert, was not even attempting to claim a meaningful audience share in the
market.[73] Tenicia Gregory—whom Mathews replaced as general manager—then sued Mathews,
while Ivy Banks counter-sued the Masons for $1.3 million (equivalent to $3.35 million in 2022) in
unpaid loans.[74] Mathews, who had no background in broadcasting and admitted to Ebony
magazine that he was relying on people who were "competent and loyal" in his new job,[75] took
over the station as the marketplace for television stations began to cool after several recent
purchases were now deemed to have been at inflated prices. Consequently, Mathews declared the
station was not for sale.[73] Veteran broadcaster Don Haney predicted that the station's heavy
emphasis on paid religious programming would need to change to improve from a competitive
stance.[69] By June 1987, Panagos confirmed that WGPR would add more general entertainment
fare and movies to the schedule by the fall[74] while program director Joe Spencer later admitted
the station was intending "to shirk the special interest label".[76] When The PTL Club, which
WGPR-TV continued to air three times a day on weekdays, became ensnared in controversy over
former host Jim Bakker, station program director Joe Spencer said no phone calls were fielded
either in protest or support,[77] while Panagos asserted WGPR-TV would not drop the program
despite the ministry owing $126,945.[78]
Changes and controversies
My mother looked at me, and I December 31, 1987, saw the end of one WGPR programming
told her I was going to do mainstay: The Scene was dropped from the lineup and
television and she says, "You're replaced with Contempo, a similar dance music program but
strange. You're weird. What do focusing on newer music.[80] The New Dance Show also
you mean you're going to do debuted on WGPR-TV in 1988 as an informal successor to
TV?" Because when we grew up, The Scene, produced and hosted by R.J. Watkins and airing
black people were not on at 6 p.m. weeknights.[79] In contrast to the disco influences
television that much unless they of The Scene, The New Dance Show focused more heavily on
made the news. True story. techno and house music, with music selections that ranged
from Kraftwerk to 2 Live Crew to CeCe Peniston.[81]
Watkins, who produced both The New Dance Show and
R.J. Watkins[79] Video Request, would eventually syndicate both shows via
satellite to over 40 different markets; Watkins hosted a kick-
off party on April 10, 1992, at the State Theatre to celebrate
the occasion, which WGPR-TV carried live.[82] During this time, channel 62 also added several
programs aimed at other specialty audiences in southeastern Michigan. In August 1986, the station
started carrying the International Television Network, which was an overnight four-hour block of
primarily foreign-language subtitled programs, complementing the existing locally based ethnic
fare.[83] Telecasts of Michigan Wolverines football and Eastern Michigan Eagles football were also
added.[76] However, the station was still criticized in 1989 for persistent technical deficiencies,
equipment issues and an uneven programming structure that still relied heavily on religious fare,
even with promising local efforts including those from R.J. Watkins.[84]
In 1989, John Barron wrote a story for Detroit Monthly that

included watching 24 hours of channel 62's programming. He
described the station's eclectic output as a "video menagerie" of
specialty programs, unusual local preachers (among them Detroit
area native Jack Van Impe), locally produced shows with
production values "reminiscent of something you'd expect from a
terrorist seeking ransom", and cheap local ads—as little as $35
(equivalent to $83 in 2022) for thirty seconds—that were "morsels
for connoisseurs of the weird", summing it up as "the zeitgeist of
WGPR station ID used until the Detroit, the entire spectrum of the city's cultural influences, its
CBS switch in 1994
hopes, its dreams—and what it wants to sell".[85]
One of WGPR-TV's local

programs, the topical talk show Strictly Speaking, attracted
significant community attention as the decade ended. Shaun
Robinson joined channel 62 after graduating from Cass
Technical High School and Spelman College;[86] she initially
appeared as a Big City News reporter but soon fronted Strictly
Speaking,[87] where one media outlet dubbed her "our own
Oprah".[88] Robinson left WGPR-TV in March 1989 to become
the evening co-anchor for Flint's WEYI-TV;[89] her
replacement, Darieth (Cummings) Chisholm,[84] boasted of
wanting "to take Oprah's place" at one speaking
engagement.[90] On a 1990 edition of the program, which had
Rita Clark assuming host duties, Kwame Kenyatta of the New Shaun Robinson began her media
Afrikan People's Organization made comments about what he career at WGPR-TV as a news
claimed was Israel's "unholy alliance with South Africa", which reporter, anchor and talk show host
resulted in the organization receiving death threats and
coverage of the controversy by WWJ radio.[91] Several months
later, Faisal Arabo's Arab Voice program received unwanted attention when Arabo traveled to Iraq
twice to meet Saddam Hussein in October and December 1990,[47] the first trip resulting in the
freeing of 14 hostages.[92] Public sentiment due to the Gulf War led Anheuser-Busch to drop their
sponsorship of Arab Voice, while Arabo denied his program had political leanings.[47]
WGPR-TV also picked up some assorted network shows: it aired CBS's The Pat Sajak Show in late
night when WJBK-TV declined to carry it[93] and added the NBC soap opera Santa Barbara in
1991 after WDIV-TV dropped the program.[94] When WJBK-TV dropped CBS This Morning to
launch a local morning newscast in September 1992, WGPR-TV picked it up the following
month.[95] After must-carry rules requiring local cable systems to carry all broadcast stations in
their area were struck down in 1985, WGPR-TV lost carriage on two suburban systems: a Harron
Cable system on the Macomb–St. Clair county line and Grosse Pointe Cable, the latter of which
dropped channel 62 in 1991 to carry C-SPAN2.[96]
In May 1992, all but one[97] of the non-management employees at WGPR radio and television
voted to unionize with the United Auto Workers (UAW), citing unfair working conditions. One
anonymous employee told The Detroit News that "if the management didn't like the way you
looked, didn't like the way you said 'hello', you were gone".[98] The UAW filed a complaint with the
National Labor Relations Board (NLRB), claiming that management refused to bargain and
demanded all negotiation sessions be recorded. That September, the news department was
dismantled and all 11 employees laid off; management blamed the recession, but former employees
claimed the layoffs were retaliation for their organizing activities;[98] the NLRB found in favor of
the workers and recommended they be granted back pay and reinstated.[97] Mathews was reputed
to run the Masons—and especially WGPR—with an "iron fist", per a December 1992 story in the
Michigan Chronicle, and to give women preferential treatment.[97] With the loss of local newscasts
from the schedule, WGPR-TV continued to add more assorted off-network reruns. A lineup change
in July 1993 had the station running Lou Grant, The Streets of San Francisco and Combat! in the
early-evening hours as counterprogramming against local newscasts and sitcoms.[99] WGPR-TV's
license renewal was briefly delayed in 1993 because it was one of seven television stations the FCC
cited for failing to meet educational and informational standards in children's programming.[100]
CBS comes calling
On May 23, 1994, New World Communications, owner of The station has no news and no
Detroit's CBS affiliate, WJBK-TV, announced that it had history in the market. It's
reached a deal to convert WJBK and eleven other stations to amazing.
Fox affiliations.[102] The deal came after Fox outbid CBS for
the rights to National Football Conference football games;
New World owned a string of mostly CBS affiliates in An anonymous CBS executive,
markets that were home to NFC teams, including describing WGPR-TV[101]
Detroit.[103] As a result, CBS needed to find multiple new
affiliates in each of the affected markets, but that would turn
out to be far easier said than done in Detroit. Over three months, CBS explored and exhausted
almost every available option to find a new affiliate or to identify a station to acquire. First, the
network attempted to woo the NBC and ABC affiliates, WDIV-TV and WXYZ-TV, away from their
existing alliances. It failed to do so; both NBC and ABC negotiated renewals with their stations that
increased network compensation payments as much as four- to fivefold.[101] In the case of ABC's
renewal with WXYZ-TV, additional contracts were secured with stations owned by WXYZ's parent
company Scripps-Howard in several other cities.[104]
Unable to lure a VHF station, CBS's next target was WKBD-TV. On paper, channel 50 was a good
fit for CBS, not least because it was the outgoing Fox affiliate and had a functioning news
department. However, WKBD had been purchased the year before by Paramount
Communications, which was already preparing to launch UPN in January 1995 with WKBD as a
charter affiliate. Paramount reportedly turned down an offer of between $120 million and
$130 million.[104] CBS then approached WXON-TV; the network seemed more interested in an
acquisition than an affiliation, according to WXON's station manager, and offered half of what
channel 20's owners thought the station was worth (reported to be as high as $200 million).[104]
CBS also contacted WADL (channel 38), an independent station owned by Frank Adell, who was
offered a poor deal despite his interest in CBS. Adell sought five years and compensation, in line
with other deals the network was making with new affiliates, while the network merely offered him
one year without any compensation payments.[104] CBS's concern over Detroit was so great that
the network also executed contingency plans; in June 1994, the network reached a deal to switch
from UHF station WEYI-TV to VHF station WNEM-TV in the Saginaw–Flint area.[105]
In WGPR-TV, which had already been carrying CBS This

It's difficult to part with Morning, CBS finally found itself a home in Detroit, but one
anything you love. But we don't that Mike Duffy of the Detroit Free Press branded a "last
have the financial capabilities to resort" for the network.[107] On September 23, 1994, CBS
do what we'd like to here. And announced it would purchase WGPR-TV for $24 million
we take pride in the fact that (equivalent to $47.4 million in 2022),[108] operating channel
62 under a local marketing agreement until the sale was
approved.[106] The purchase brought with it the promise of
we're now making it possible to 140 new jobs and an immediate push to upgrade the
bring some new jobs to the City station's signal to achieve parity with the other network
of Detroit. affiliates.[106] It also spared the station from imminent
removal from cable systems in Windsor, Ontario, that had
planned to drop channel 62 to make way for new Canadian
George Mathews, on the
cable channels to be launched in early 1995.[109] CBS's
Masons selling WGPR-TV after
purchase made national headlines due to the network's
19 years[106] duress, along with the station's high channel number and
relative obscurity outside of the inner city: one unnamed
network executive, unaware of WGPR-TV's history, told The
New York Times reporter Bill Carter: "this station has no news and no history in the market".[101]
On December 11, 1994, WGPR-TV became the new CBS affiliate in Detroit, backed by a major
promotional blitz[104] amounting to $1 million in ad spending over the first 10 weeks.[110] The first
week was marred by issues that prevented some cable subscribers from seeing the station clearly;
while ratings for channel 62 rose 11,000 percent over the station's former programming on the first
Sunday night, ratings for CBS dipped by 25 percent.[111] CBS's desperate purchase of channel 62
came at the cost of WGPR-TV's existing programming inventory, which was fully displaced by new
syndicated and network programs. Such shows as The New Dance Show, which had replaced The
Scene as channel 62's music program after it ended in 1987, and Arab Voice of Detroit, a long-
running Saturday block aimed at southeast Michigan's large Middle Eastern community,
disappeared from the Detroit airwaves,[9] as did the religious programs that had once kept it
afloat.[112] Arab Voice host Faisal Arabo was offered a 30-minute slot on Saturday mornings by the
incoming CBS management free of charge, but Arabo declined the offer as he would not have been
able to sell advertising to make a profit.[102] In the case of The New Dance Show and other
programs produced by R.J. Watkins's Key/Wat Productions, many moved to a new low-power
station on channel 68 that started the next year[113] which Watkins operated alongside his newly
acquired WHPR-FM (88.1).[114]
CBS's sale application, however, met with some opposition and attempts to keep the station Black-
owned. Joel Ferguson, who had been rebuffed in 1986, joined forces with Bing and Roy Roberts, an
executive at General Motors, to propose operation as a Black-owned CBS affiliate. Ferguson
claimed he had offered $31 million for channel 62 weeks before the Masons took the $24 million
CBS bid[115] but Mathews claimed no such offer was ever made, saying, "There was no one else in
line when CBS came to us".[116] Ferguson's group, known as Spectrum Detroit, later expanded to
include other business and religious leaders in the Black community,[117] with one pastor calling
the station "sacred property".[116] In December, the Spectrum Detroit group converted its proposal
to an objection to the sale of WGPR-TV to CBS.[118] Representative John Conyers criticized the
sale, believing that channel 62 could retain existing Black-focused programming if it remained
Black-owned.[116] A Ukrainian-American man from Troy, Michigan, filed an objection claiming
that a report on 60 Minutes was distorted and inaccurate, even though 60 Minutes was produced
by CBS News and not WGPR-TV.[119] In a satirical mocking of CBS's obvious desperation, Detroit
News columnist Jon Pepper jokingly predicted Joel Ferguson's group still had a chance to
purchase the station, in turn forcing CBS to buy a ham radio unit located in a Plymouth, Michigan,
basement for $40 million.[120]
The demise of WGPR-TV as originally envisioned was noted for marking the end of a station that
had been started with a purpose but which ultimately failed to deliver. Adolph Mongo, writing in
the Michigan Chronicle, asked,[52]
What happened? How did a potentially great vehicle for Black people in the Detroit
metropolitan area turn into the butt of many jokes in the media community?
Programming was a joke. Technical problems were an everyday occurrence. The news
department was eliminated and employees were treated worse than field hands
working on a big plantation. Despite all those problems, the station had almost 20 years
to become a sense of pride for the citizens of Detroit. Yet it never happened.
Legacy of WGPR-TV
Even as the station never truly fulfilled its promised WGPR-TV/FM Studio
potential, WGPR-TV was a needed starting point for many U.S. National Register of Historic
budding careers. Amyre Makupson, Sharon Crews, Pat Places
Harvey, Shaun Robinson, and current ESPN executive
David Roberts[122] all began their careers at channel 62
before finding greater fame elsewhere. Ivy Banks remarked,
"Dr. Banks never wanted to hold anybody back, he was
happy for them. He knew that they could get a better salary
somewhere else."[9] Former WGPR-TV program director
Joe Spencer concurred, saying, "they'd come in here, get
their first year or two under their belts, learn how to
operate a camera, perform before the camera and write for Location 3146 E.
TV. Then other stations would snap them up."[45] Jefferson Ave.
Detroit, Michigan
CBS's purchase of channel 62 portended changes in FCC
policy, particularly the repeal of a tax incentive program Coordinates 42°20′25″N
meant to encourage minority ownership[123] and the 83°1′1″W
Telecommunications Act of 1996, which removed and MPS The Civil Rights
relaxed ownership caps.[45] Nineteen television stations Movement and
were owned by African-Americans in 1994,[9] a number the African
that decreased to two in 2016[123] but went back to 12 in American
2017, with four distinct owners holding those 12
Experience in
stations.[45] Byron Allen, a Detroit native, owns or operates
20th Century
over 30 television stations as of 2023 via his Entertainment
Detroit MPS (htt
Studios holdings,[124] which were purchased between
ps://npgallery.np
2019[125] and 2021 but came mostly as the result of
divestitures from much larger mergers and s.gov/NRHP/Get
[126][127] Asset/NRHP/10
acquisitions. The Washington Post contributor
Kristal Brent Zook has criticized the FCC for failing to come 0006099_text)
up with alternative strategies to help current and NRHP reference No. 100006101 (http
prospective minority owners burdened two-fold by both s://npgallery.nps.
media consolidation and historical discrimination.[123] gov/AssetDetail/
NRIS/10000610
You start losing people, and you 1)[121]
lose the history. It's a story that Added to NRHP January 27,
needs to be told. Without Karen 2021
[Hudson-Samuels] and Joe
[Spencer], [the museum] would WGPR's place in history has been preserved by
never have happened. They're the organizations and former employees. Makupson,
Esther Gordy Edwards of Motown. Spencer, former news director Karen Hudson-Samuels,
The Scene host Nat Morris and former
cameraman/director Bruce Harper co-founded the
Amyre Makupson[45] WGPR-TV Historical Society in 2011 during an informal
reunion, with Samuels serving as executive director and
Spencer as spokesman.[45] Plans were made by the group
to create a museum for the television station at the former studios, which remain the home to
WGPR-FM, still under Mason ownership.[128] Spencer referred to the station as "a trailblazer in
many ways"[129] while Samuels, who was also one of the station's first interns,[130] said of the
effort, "We thought if we didn't tell the story, who would?"[45]
In 2016, the Detroit Historical Museum opened a temporary exhibit detailing the history of
WGPR-TV[39] with artifacts from both the TV and radio stations.[33] The former studios, renamed
the William V. Banks Broadcast Museum in honor of WGPR-TV's founder, opened to the public on
Martin Luther King Jr. Day, January 16, 2017.[129] The building itself was listed on the National
Register of Historic Places in 2021, announced on February 1, 2021, the start of Black History
Month.[131][132] An NRHP plaque was affixed to the building's front entrance above the Michigan
History Center's historical marker, which was unveiled in 2016.[133] The achievement turned
somber when Karen Hudson-Samuels died on February 9, 2021, eight days after the studios were
listed on the National Register; Samuels was remembered as a pioneering journalist and mentor
who worked to preserve much of Detroit's Black history.[130] ESPN personality Stephen A. Smith, a
protégé of David Roberts, co-hosted First Take from the museum on September 9, 2022.[134]
Roberts said of Smith's visit, "It underscores the importance of never forgetting where you started;
[Spencer] is the man who hired me back in 1978 and so it's my responsibility to make sure I do
what I can to never forget where I came from."[135]
Three hundred surviving episodes of The Scene were

rebroadcast starting in January 1995 via Detroit-area Everything starts somewhere and
cable-access television[32] alongside repeats of The when it comes to things that are owned
New Dance Show.[136] Nat Morris has frequently and operated by African-Americans,
made public appearances over the years embracing this is where it started... WGPR is not
the legacy of The Scene, with one cast reunion in 2017 just about on-air talent, they produced
intentionally falling on his 70th birthday, quipping, "I producers and directors, people that
didn't want to throw two parties."[30] Another are behind the cameras, making
reunion of dancers from both The Scene and The decisions about who should be in front
New Dance Show took place during the Detroit of the cameras and the kind of content
Cultural Center's 2021 Dlectricity festival, with that should be put out to our
Morris as emcee.[137] When noting the lasting communities.
influence The Scene has had in the community,
Morris said, "We captured a period of Detroit... We
Stephen A. Smith[135]
were captured at our finest."[30]
In 2021, Bruiser Brigade, a Detroit hip-hop collective

led by Danny Brown, released an album titled TV62. The album directly references WGPR, with
the station's historic butterfly logo featured on the cover. Jade Gomez of Paste noted that the
album "feels like flipping through television channels" and "submerges" the audience "into their
own playful public access show".[138]
WWJ-TV
New name, new power, but no news
There are some places where Even with the objections filed against the sale, CBS
we're going into markets where committed to relaunching channel 62 as a CBS owned-and-
there are literally no news operated station and appointed network vice president Jay
department and the channel Newman to help guide the launch.[140] The network's
position is like almost triple $1 million promotional blitz[141] centered around re-
branding WGPR-TV as "CBS Detroit" and "62 CBS",
digits. Where that's happening, downplaying the call sign

we're obviously going to take a entirely.[142] Included in
hit. the campaign were some
CBS personalities—
including Murphy
Andrew Heyward, CBS News Brown star Candice
vice president, on potential Bergen—making fun of
rating declines for the CBS the high channel
Evening News[139] position, with Bergen
saying in one ad, "I'm
thinking of a really big
[141] CBS moved channel 62's operations
number." CBS executive vice president George Schweitzer
after taking over the station to an
said of the campaign, "we've taken the potential disadvantage office building in the River Place
of being on a high number and turned it into a point of development
difference."[142] Joe Spencer was retained as program director
during this transition and was tasked with setting up a new
schedule as a CBS outlet.[140] As WGPR-TV had no news presence for nearly three years, the early
evening hours included The Jane Whitney Show and A Current Affair as lead-ins to the CBS
Evening News, while Late Show with David Letterman had a start time of 11 p.m. as opposed to
the network time slot of 11:35 p.m.[141] Network executives, including CBS News vice president
Andrew Heyward,[139] were especially concerned over the CBS Evening News, already struggling
in ratings locally against World News Tonight and NBC Nightly News, not having a local lead-in of
any sort.[107]
Industry analysts felt the purchase and relaunch of channel 62, while CBS's worst-case scenario,
was the best-case scenario for Detroit. W. B. Doner & Co. executive Harvey Rabinowitz was
encouraged that CBS needed to invest millions of dollars into building what amounted to a brand-
new television station.[104] CBS signed a short-term lease for office space at Stroh's River Place,
moving channel 62 there,[140] while many existing WGPR-TV staffers were kept and retrained for
technical positions.[141] Because of this, the station had to use the studio facilities of WTVS for
Detroit: Making It Happen, a town hall meeting on January 31, 1995, with former WXYZ-TV
anchorman Bill Bonds as moderator.[143] Newman admitted prior to the affiliation change that
WGPR-TV's relaunch as a CBS station "may be the quickest start-up operation in history, certainly
in a major market".[140] Compounding matters was viewer confusion over where certain network
shows were moving to; an anonymous The Young and the Restless fan told the Free Press, "I
wonder if GE makes a (TV) radio that gets channel 62", having followed the show while at work via
her TV radio.[144] As it was, initial Nielsen ratings from the week of the switch showed CBS's soap
operas and Late Show remaining competitive on channel 62, but ratings for the Evening News
declined precipitously from a 5 in November to a 1.8 in December.[145][146]
On July 24, 1995, the FCC denied the two objections and approved the sale of WGPR-TV to CBS,
also granting it a waiver to keep its two Detroit radio stations, WWJ (950 AM) and WYST (97.1
FM),[147] which had been owned by CBS since 1988.[148] In denying the objections, the commission
recognized that the terms of the local marketing agreement showed George Mathews still holding
control over channel 62's programming, finances, and staffing for a two-year period; regarded the
affiliation switch as something to which the minority-controlled license holders had agreed; and
saw the sale as "in the public interest".[149] The network immediately announced that it would
expand its heretofore-temporary River Place offices and that the call letters would be changed to
WWJ-TV, mimicking their AM sister.[147] These changes occurred once the sale was consummated
on September 20, 1995,[150] returning the WWJ calls to the television dial for the first time since
the original WWJ-TV (channel 4) became WDIV-TV on July 22, 1978, after it was sold off.[151] Jay
Newman was formally named as channel 62 general manager and sought to have a new facility
constructed housing CBS's TV and radio properties, but declined to give a timetable, saying, "It's
like buying a house; it doesn't happen right away."[147]
CBS faced many challenges in its effort to make WWJ-TV competitive: David Poltrack, the
executive vice president for planning and research for the CBS stations, called Detroit "the
toughest situation for us" in the country, and CBS ratings fell 46 percent year-over-year.[152] In the
first week of the 1995–1996 television season, CBS ratings fell by half over the first week of the
1994–1995 season on WJBK-TV.[153] The physical plant was among the largest needed
improvements, and channel 62 had an inadequate signal now that it was a market-wide network
affiliate. In 1997, CBS was approved to build a new transmitter facility, broadcasting at the UHF
maximum of five million watts from a 1,087-foot (331 m) mast in Oak Park, that would replace the
former WGPR-TV facility in Royal Oak Township.[154] The $10 million facility was activated on
July 1, 1999, and also enabled the station to begin digital television broadcasts; later, the tower was
also used by some of CBS's FM radio stations and the original digital transmitter for WTVS.[155]
In October 1995, CBS announced that it would set up a news

department for WWJ-TV and had hired Steve Sabato from They can move Murder, She
WLKY in Louisville, Kentucky, to serve as the news director. Wrote, revamp the entire
That April, CBS experienced the drawbacks of not having primetime lineup and hire
more than a bureau with one correspondent in Detroit. Leslie Moonves as
When federal agents investigating the Oklahoma City entertainment chief, but there's
bombing raided a farmhouse in Decker, north of Detroit in one thing CBS can't change:
Sanilac County, CBS was the last network to break in with a Channel 62 in Detroit.
special report; CBS News had one WNEM-TV reporter live
by telephone but no pictures, compared to the coverage that
ABC, NBC, and CNN were able to offer using the resources Joe Flint, writing for
of their Detroit affiliates.[156] The station would also tap Variety[153]
WWJ radio to produce cut-ins for air during the CBS/Group
W newsmagazine Day and Date.[157] Jay Newman was no
stranger to a start-up news operation, as CBS had appointed him to manage Miami's WCIX-TV (a
former Fox affiliate with a minimal news presence) in 1989; he suggested WWJ-TV should
consider alternate methods of news delivery to stand out among the entrenched competition but
that "are based in good journalism".[158] By the start of 1996, however, Sabato had returned to
Louisville, and news plans for channel 62 were on hold.[159] During the late 1990s, the station's
chief local programming effort was a weekly 30-minute newsmagazine, In Depth Detroit, hosted by
former WDIV anchor and reporter Rich Mayk, which debuted in 1997.[160] The station also
sporadically offered other news specials and live forums, but Newman conceded that WWJ-TV was
still unable to start a news operation, although the network continued to evaluate other
options.[161] Newman left WWJ-TV at the end of 1998; in April 1999, station manager Kevin
Cuddihy told The Detroit News that there was a need for a different time or presentation method
for a newscast but not "a need for more news". At that time, the only ABC-, CBS-, NBC-, or Fox-
owned station not offering news was KDVR, the Fox station in Denver, which debuted a news
department in July 2000.[162][163]
CBS–Viacom merger and 62 CBS News
Viacom, the corporate parent of Paramount[164] and owner of UPN affiliate WKBD-TV, acquired
CBS in September 1999.[165] In a number of markets, this combination created newly permitted
duopolies between established CBS stations and UPN outlets. However, in Detroit, WKBD was
larger and had a functional local news department. WWJ-TV's inability to launch a news service of
their own was attributed to start-up costs that, while initially estimated at $1 million,[139] were
deemed too onerous;[166] Detroit Free Press columnist John Smyntek criticized the station for
having effectively become "a CBS relay transmitter".[167] Even before the Viacom deal, the
possibility of WKBD producing local news for channel 62 was being investigated, and a full dress
rehearsal of a WWJ-TV newscast from channel 50 had been conducted.[168] While WWJ-TV made
considerably more money airing syndicated fare in lieu of local newscasts, those programs started
to become more expensive to purchase and thus made cheaper local news more lucrative.[166]
Viacom appointed WKBD's general manager, Mike Dunlop,

to head both stations, though only financial and technical Channel 50 has actually used
staffs were initially combined. [170] In February 2001, it was the same approach for three
announced that WKBD would produce an 11 p.m. newscast years on its 10 p.m. newscast,
for WWJ-TV, to use channel 50's existing talent from its Ten but nobody noticed because
O'Clock News, starting on April 2. The move was made for that hour pulls the approximate
two reasons: the station was losing its lucrative syndicated ratings of a 3 a.m. infomercial
rights to Seinfeld, previously aired at 11 p.m., to WJBK-TV, about chinchilla breeding on
and there were ratings and advertisers that only a newscast The Discovery Channel.
could command.[167] However, it was built based around the
resources of WKBD-TV, which already aired Detroit's least-
Neal Rubin, on the "straight to
watched local newscast[166] as WJBK overtook it in the the point" format of WWJ-TV's
ratings at 10 p.m. right after the 1994 affiliation switch.[145]
local news[169]
While CBS wanted either a 5 p.m. or 6 p.m. newscast
launched on WWJ-TV at the same time, Dunlop declined to
do so, saying, "I'd rather go up against two newscasts at first
than three".[166] As channel 62 moved into channel 50's facilities in Southfield, seven technical
employees lost their jobs.[171]
The new WWJ-TV newscast promised viewers "tonight's local news, straight to the point". In The
Detroit News, Neal Rubin derided the station's approach as "closed-captioned for the intelligence
impaired" and overuse of the phrases "straight facts" and "straight to the point".[169] John Smyntek
of the Detroit Free Press observed that the newscast was highly duplicative of the WJBK 10 p.m.
news and had "stories that were short — sometimes skeletal."[172] It failed to make a ratings
impression, and general manager Mike Dunlop left Viacom in August.[173] In February 2002,
Amyre Makupson and co-anchor Rich Fisher were moved exclusively to WWJ-TV's 11 p.m.
newscast to allow WKBD to shift to a presentation targeting younger viewers.[174] The newscast on
channel 62 also became known as "62 CBS Eyewitness News".[175] Despite the changes, Tom Long
wrote in The News that the WKBD and WWJ newscasts could be called "the attack of the clones"
for their similarity.[176]
Low ratings, however, doomed the effort. In September 2002, rumblings surfaced that Viacom was
about to pull the plug on the WKBD–WWJ news operation—the last newsroom Viacom inherited
from Paramount that was still operating.[177] These rumors were met with lukewarm responses
from executives after being contacted by a Free Press reporter.[178] Viacom then decided to
contract with WXYZ-TV for a 10 p.m. newscast on channel 50,[179] with channel 62 airing reruns of
Everybody Loves Raymond at 11.[180] The last full newscast on WWJ-TV aired on December 3,
2002.[181]
"First Forecast"
In January 2008, the station rebranded itself as "WWJ-TV", dropping

the "CBS Detroit" moniker it had been using, and reintroduced local
weather updates titled "First Forecast" during The Early Show and at WWJ-TV logo used from
11 p.m.[182] That year, the station entered into a three-year contract 2008 to 2012
with the Detroit Lions to broadcast their preseason games and in-
season coaches' shows, which had been on WKBD.[183] In 2009, the weather forecasts expanded
with a new live two-hour morning program, First Forecast Mornings. News headlines on the
program were provided through a partnership with the Detroit Free Press.[184] From 2011, Syma
Chowdhry, later of WXYZ-TV and News 12 New Jersey, was the program's news anchor.[185] First
Forecast Mornings ended on December 28, 2012, and was replaced with the CBS Morning News
and a re-airing of Dr. Phil; a statement issued by the station read, "WWJ remains committed to
local programming where it makes sense."[186] The station's local output consisted of "Eye on
Detroit" feature segments during CBS This Morning (and later CBS Mornings), the Sunday
morning public affairs program Michigan Matters,[187] and the aforementioned "First Forecast"
11 p.m. updates.[188]
In 2017, CBS Radio agreed to merge with Entercom, which separated WWJ radio from WWJ-
TV.[189] Due to the nature of the sale, CBS retained the trademark rights to "WWJ",[190] which was
leased back to Entercom (now Audacy, Inc.) for use on the radio station under a long-term
licensing agreement.[191]
CBS News Detroit
On December 14, 2021, WWJ-TV/WKBD parent ViacomCBS The demand now is to be able to
(since renamed Paramount Global)[193] announced it would consume content when and
start a full-scale news service in Detroit, CBS News Detroit, where viewers want it. And this
which was slated to begin in the late summer or early fall of is a great opportunity to do that
2022. [192] This announcement followed prior unveiling of and really offer them content
plans by CBS News to rebrand their over-the-top media that flows like water, from
service CBSN [194] and localized iterations of CBSN among streaming to linear and to
the entire owned-and-operated station group as the CBS digital and to social platforms.
News Streaming Network and "CBS News Local",
respectively.[195] WWJ-TV/WKBD vice president and
Adrienne Roark, president, CBS
general manager Brian Watson approached Wendy
McMahon, co-president of CBS News and Stations,[196] Stations[192]
about establishing the news department; McMahon
described the opportunity to start a streaming-first
newsroom at a major-market, network-owned station as "unprecedented".[197] A local newscast
had previously been restored to WKBD in 2020, produced from KTVT in Fort Worth, Texas, and
having been launched after the successful rollout of CBSN's localized platforms.[198]
Uniquely for an American broadcast television station, CBS News Detroit produces 137 hours a
week of online streaming news, with 40 of those hours simulcast in key time periods over WWJ-
TV.[192] Correspondents are assigned to beats organized by community, including a State Capitol
reporter in Lansing;[197] each of the 14 reporters has their own Ford Bronco equipped with mobile
editing systems, allowing them to produce reports without visiting the Southfield studio.[199] A
lifted Ford F-150 serves as a mobile weather truck.[200] The newsroom, which also serves as the
news set, has an industrial design.[200] Management emphasized that WWJ-TV would simulcast
the streaming service instead of the other way around, allowing for longer reports not subject to
time limits and the newscasts having a more conversational tone.[201]
In January 2022, Paul Pytlowany, an employee of WKBD since 1988 and the director of local
production and community affairs for WKBD and WWJ-TV since 2017, was named the founding
news director.[188] The initial series of on-air talent hires announced on July 11, 2022, included
Amyre Makupson's daughter, also named Amyre, as executive producer of community impact, a
move WWJ-TV billed as her "following in the footsteps of her mother".[202] Veteran broadcaster
Ronnie Duncan, named as the station's lead sports anchor, is the father of CBS Weekend News
anchor and network correspondent Jericka Duncan.[203]
On September 1, 2022, WWJ-TV rebranded from "CBS 62" to "CBS Detroit" in anticipation of the
launch of CBS News Detroit. WKBD's newscast was also relaunched in July as Detroit Now News,
a hybrid national/local newscast including CBS News Detroit content.[204] By year's end, the
launch had been delayed, owing to supply chain- and pandemic-induced delays.[199] Weeknight
newscasts at 6 and 11 p.m. launched on January 23, 2023,[205][206] with additional local news in
the morning, midday and afternoon hours to follow later in the first half of the year.[207] Notably,
the delay meant the station missed out on selling political advertising during the new newscasts in
the run-up to state elections in November.[199] The morning newscast premiered early on February
20, 2023, to provide coverage of the shooting at Michigan State University,[208] before fully
launching on March 6. It was co-anchored by former WDIV-TV anchor/reporter Sandra Ali and
also featured extended streaming-only segments.[209]
WWJ-TV also produces the weekly panel discussion program Michigan Matters, focusing on
issues relevant to metro Detroit. Airing on Sunday mornings and rebroadcast nightly on CBS News
Detroit, it is hosted by Carol Cain, columnist for the Detroit Free Press; panelists have included
Denise Ilitch, Bryan Barnett and L. Brooks Patterson.[187][210]
Technical information
Subchannels
The station's signal is multiplexed:
Subchannels of WWJ-TV[211]
Channel Res. Aspect Short name Programming
62.1 1080i WWJ-HD Main WWJ-TV programming / CBS

62.2 StartTV Start TV
62.3 16:9 DABL Dabl

480i
62.4 FAVE TV Fave TV
62.5 Story Story Television
Analog-to-digital conversion
WWJ-TV began broadcasting a digital signal on UHF channel 44 shortly after the Oak Park tower
went into service in 1999.[155] Analog broadcasts on channel 62 ended on June 12, 2009, as part of
the digital television transition.[212][213] On March 13, 2020, the station relocated its signal from
channel 44 to channel 21 as a result of the 2016 United States wireless spectrum auction.[214][215]
In 2020, WWJ became one of five Detroit stations participating in the launch of ATSC 3.0 (Next
Gen TV), provided by WMYD in the Detroit market.[216]
See also
Michigan portal
Television portal
United States
portal
Media in Detroit
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ays+digital+TV+switch+). Detroit Free Press. Archived from the original (http://www.freep.com/
article/20090204/BLOG01/90204107/House+delays+digital+TV+switch+) on February 8, 2009.
214. "FCC TV Spectrum Phase Assignment Table" (http://data.fcc.gov/download/incentive-auctions/
Transition_Files/Phase_Assignment_Closing_PN.csv) (CSV). Federal Communications
Commission. April 13, 2017. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170417160749/http://dat
a.fcc.gov/download/incentive-auctions/Transition_Files/Phase_Assignment_Closing_PN.csv)
from the original on April 17, 2017. Retrieved April 17, 2017.
215. "Having Trouble Receiving CBS 62, You Might Need To Rescan: Here's How" (https://www.cbs
news.com/detroit/news/having-trouble-receiving-cbs-62-you-might-need-to-rescan-heres-ho
w/). CBS Detroit. February 27, 2020. Retrieved October 30, 2023.
216. Miller, Mark (December 10, 2020). "Five Detroit Stations Launch ATSC 3.0 Broadcasts" (https://
tvnewscheck.com/tech/article/five-detroit-launch-atsc-3-0-broadcasts/). TVNewsCheck.
Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220124043555/https://tvnewscheck.com/tech/article/fi
ve-detroit-launch-atsc-3-0-broadcasts/) from the original on January 24, 2022. Retrieved
January 24, 2022.
Bibliography
Castelnero, Gordon (2006). TV Land Detroit (https://archive.org/details/tvlanddetroit0000cast).
Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press. pp. 8–9, 160–178, 221. ISBN 978-0-472-
03124-5. Retrieved March 2, 2022.
Documentaries
Henderson, Stephen (January 8, 2017). WGPR-TV Museum | American Black Journal Clip (ep.
4514) (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dcM2p_TPcts) (Television production). Detroit,
Michigan: WTVS. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220202183547/https://www.youtub
e.com/watch?v=dcM2p_TPcts&gl=US&hl=en) from the original on February 2, 2022. Retrieved
February 2, 2022.
Henderson, Stephen (January 7, 2018). WGPR-TV Museum | American Black Journal Clip (ep.
4609) (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dcM2p_TPcts) (Television production). Detroit,
Michigan: WTVS. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220202183547/https://www.youtub
e.com/watch?v=dcM2p_TPcts&gl=US&hl=en) from the original on February 2, 2022. Retrieved
February 2, 2022.
Henderson, Stephen (February 5, 2018). WGPR | American Black Journal Clip (https://www.yo
utube.com/watch?v=n_cQvk_lP1o) (Television production). Detroit, Michigan: WTVS. Archived
(https://web.archive.org/web/20220202183546/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n_cQvk_lP1
o) from the original on February 2, 2022. Retrieved February 2, 2022.
Henderson, Stephen (February 19, 2021). WGPR-TV | American Black Journal Clip (ep. 4908)
(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eRZTnscZ-gM) (Television production). Detroit, Michigan:
WTVS. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220202183547/https://www.youtube.com/watc
h?v=eRZTnscZ-gM&gl=US&hl=en) from the original on February 2, 2022. Retrieved

February 2, 2022.
Kalinski, Pete (September 29, 2015). Digging Detroit: Episode 12 - WGPR TV's 40th
Anniversary (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aadPHxKIRo0) (YouTube). Kevin Walsh;
Thomas J. Reed, Jr. Detroit, Michigan: Digging Detroit Productions. Archived (https://web.archi
ve.org/web/20220202183546/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aadPHxKIRo0) from the
Moore, Larry (April 5, 2017). WGPR Broadcast Museum Show (https://www.youtube.com/watc
h?v=GuitHfm7qQE) (Television production). Detroit, Michigan: We Luv Detroit/WMYD. Archived
(https://web.archive.org/web/20220202183547/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GuitHfm7qQ
E&gl=US&hl=en) from the original on February 2, 2022. Retrieved February 2, 2022.
Visit at the WGPR Museum TV & Radio Station! (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R512py-u
Mow) (YouTube). Fantabulous30. September 11, 2021. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/2
0220202050624/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R512py-uMow) from the original on
A Little History About Black Broadcast Television Production in Detroit, Michigan, USA (https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=_RuPz7j-h0o) (YouTube). MacSpeaking. February 5, 2018.
Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220202183553/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_R
uPz7j-h0o&gl=US&hl=en) from the original on February 2, 2022. Retrieved February 2, 2022.
WGPR Museum Special (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PGsiXUz5Des) (YouTube).
SteelHeartMedia. February 2, 2017. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220202183550/ht
tps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PGsiXUz5Des&gl=US&hl=en) from the original on February
2, 2022. Retrieved February 2, 2022.
External links
Official website (https://www.cbsnews.com/detroit/)
WGPR-TV History (http://wgprtvhistory.org/) legacy site
WGPR Historical Society (http://wgprmuseum.org/)
Guided tour of the William V. Banks Broadcast Museum/WGPR-TV Studios (https://www.youtu
be.com/watch?v=R512py-uMow) on YouTube
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1/16/24, 12:39 AM WWJ-TV - Wikipedia

WWJ-TV (channel 62), branded on-air as CBS Detroit, is a

purchased the construction permit of WJMY, a channel 20 Licensing FCC

Signing on with a local focus

(Detroit) is a city of 1.4 million people,

Amyre (Porter) Makupson, Doug

Channel 62 debuted in a television environment with a dearth

One show, the live dance music program The Scene,

The promise of WGPR-TV's news department lured Jerry Blocker away

Financial and technical challenges

Where promises of 90 percent local production had once been

Turning to religion and creativity

After Banks's death

Changes and controversies

In 1989, John Barron wrote a story for Detroit Monthly that

One of WGPR-TV's local

CBS comes calling

In WGPR-TV, which had already been carrying CBS This

Three hundred surviving episodes of The Scene were

In 2021, Bruiser Brigade, a Detroit hip-hop collective

New name, new power, but no news

digits. Where that's happening, downplaying the call sign

In October 1995, CBS announced that it would set up a news

CBS–Viacom merger and 62 CBS News

Viacom appointed WKBD's general manager, Mike Dunlop,

In January 2008, the station rebranded itself as "WWJ-TV", dropping

CBS News Detroit

The station's signal is multiplexed:

62.1 1080i WWJ-HD Main WWJ-TV programming / CBS

62.3 16:9 DABL Dabl

9. Gabriel, Larry (November 27, 1994). "Mixed Signals" (https://www.newspapers.com/clip/93097

41. "Nation's first black-owned TV station hopes it offers an alternative" (https://www.newspapers.c

70. "William V. Banks Dies at 82; Founded Detroit TV Station" (https://www.nytimes.com/1985/08/2

92. "Iraq to free hundreds; 14 Americans heading home" (https://www.newspapers.com/clip/93451

211. "RabbitEars TV Query for WWJ" (https://www.rabbitears.info/market.php?request=station_sear

h?v=eRZTnscZ-gM&gl=US&hl=en) from the original on February 2, 2022. Retrieved

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=WWJ-TV&oldid=1195936893"

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