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APPLICATIONS AND CHALLENGES IN GREEN TECHNOLOGY IMPLEMENTATIO

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Shodhasamhita : Journal of Fundamental & Comparative Research
Vol. VIII, No. 1(XXXIII) : 2022
ISSN: 2277-7067
APPLICATIONS AND CHALLENGES IN GREEN TECHNOLOGY IMPLEMENTATION
FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY

Dr. S. C. B. Samuel AnbuSelvan, Associate Professor of Commerce, The American College,

Madurai.e - mail: samuelanbuselvan@americancollege.edu.in.
Ms. K. DeepthiNivasini, Assistant Professor of Commerce, Achariya Arts and Science College,
Pondicherry.e - mail: deepthi199223@gmail.com.

Abstract
The development of the environment is interrelated with energy development and sustainability of
the environment. The conservation of resources and the environment with the aid of technology is
referred to as green technology. The paper aims to ascertain the efficacy of green technology in
promoting the sustainability of the environment holistically. Business concerns and commercial
enterprises are emphasising on the implementation of green technology in all products produced and
services rendered.Secondary data from different data sources have been reviewed and analysed based
on which conclusions are drawn in this paper. This paper throws light on the challenges in
implementing green technology for the betterment of the environment.
Key Words: Green Technology, Green House Gas (GHG) emission, Sustainability, Energy, Climate
Change.

Introduction
Green technology involves the usage of equipment and productsystems to preserve the natural
resources and the environment minimizing waste and pollution caused as a result of human
activities.(Borch. K. et al.,2004)1. The strength and weaknesses of a particular region are to be
considered before adopting the green technology available, the viability of the tools and techniques
adopted should be verified before the existing are put to use. The selection of the apt and appropriate
technology is significantinmaking further decisions. (Korten.D 1990)2.Green technology has minimal
effect on the environment. It aims at reducing wastage, energy generation and usage of non -
toxic/detrimental substances. Environmental conservation has become a matter of concern ever since
events like industrial accidents, oil crisis, nuclear disasters and ozone layer depletion occurred. Such
events have contributed to the awareness on environmental sustainability.(Shaker R and Hussain M,
2018)3.
Statement of the Problem
Green technology employs science like green chemistry and technology like green monitoring to
safeguard and enhance the environment. The ecosystem is damaged due to reckless exploitation of
resources and green technology comes to the aid in conserving the environment the smart way.
Green Technology deciphers various modes to address human issues and satisfy the wants and needs
of people without harming the existing environment and resources.Business concerns undertake
innovative measures to implement green technology to conserve energy and to enable a sustainable
environment. Only limited research has been dedicated towards assessing the efficient role played by
green technology in fostering environmental sustainability. Hence, an attempt is made by the
researcher to study the applications of green technology in enhancing environmental sustainability.
Objectives
1. To identify the applications of green technology in developing sustainability.
2. To assess the challenges in implementing green technology in the environment.

Review of Literature
Robert (1998)4 in his paper entitled, “Design Criteria for Sustainable Development in Appropriate
Technology: Technology as if People Matter” has proposed seven criteria to estimate the
appropriateness of technology namely, System Independence, Modernity, Individual Vs Collective

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Shodhasamhita : Journal of Fundamental & Comparative Research
Vol. VIII, No. 1(XXXIII) : 2022
ISSN: 2277-7067
Technology, Affordability of the technology , Risk Factor - both the internal and external,
Technology’s capacity to evolve and Single/ Multi-Purpose Technology.
Banerjee S and Alkuli R K, (2014)5 in the study titled “Advantages of green technology” claimed
that by adopting green technology, companies gain competitive advantage and capture the market
amidst competitors. Green innovation reduces the cost of input, energy, maintenance, and production
operations. Furthermore, it aids in improving the goodwill of the companies.
Green technology implementation faces certain challenges as it is more expensive than the
technology it aims to substitute and accounts for environmental costs. The benefits to be reaped from
this technology,depends upon factors like supporting infrastructure, technology readiness, human
resource/personnel skill, capabilities and geographic elements. (Ghanshyam Das Soni, 2015)6
Green technology could be embedded in machines, systems, computers, gadgets and factories
operated by people. It is the application of science, for the benefit of life as it is wellknownto
promote sustainability. (MonuBhardwaj et al., 2015)7.
Havas Media (2008)8 in its article revealed that the users demanding safe, natural and organic
products are willing to pay 10 percent more for sustainable products, despite the conditions
prevailing in the economy.

Methodology
The paper aims to put forth information derived based on analysis of the applications of green
technology and the challenges faced in implementing it. Secondary data from journals, books,
magazines and websites have been reviewed and based on the analysis of previous studies
conclusions are drawn.
SUSTAINABILITY

SUSTAINABILITY

HUMAN
SUSTAINABILITY ECOLOGICAL
SUSTAINABILITY

Dunphy classifies sustainability into Human and ecological sustainability. Human sustainability
deals with refining human abilities, skill, expertise and capacity to support the environment through
corporate sustainability for the well-being of the society and the welfare of the human community.
Ecological sustainability entails framing the organisational design in accordance with renewal,
protection and sustainability of the environment. In order to attain sustainability a company must
limit the usage of raw materials, reengineer products, focus on economies of scale and preserve
purchaser – vendor relationship.
Goals of Green Technology
 Sustainability
 Innovation in Technology
 Viability
 Awareness

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Shodhasamhita : Journal of Fundamental & Comparative Research
Vol. VIII, No. 1(XXXIII) : 2022
ISSN: 2277-7067
 Reusability
 Minimized use of non – renewable resources
Green technology aims to conserve the environment and offer remedies to the already existing
environmental problems.Green technology is also known as Clean/Sustainable/Environmental
technology. The application of green technology prioritises the following: Sustainability, recycling
and reusing, modifying production and consumption patterns to reduce the sources of waste,
Technological Innovation of alternatives, viability in all fields and Awareness on creating a
sustainable environment.
APPLICATIONS OF GREEN TECHNOLOGY
Large business concerns are investing in enhancing the green technologies employed by them in
order to generate more revenue in a sustainable manner. Green technology and its implementation in
business organisations offer a wide range of values and enables firms to attain its sustainability
objectives.
Energy Efficiency – geo thermal energy, wind energy and solar road projects in Netherlands.
Green Construction – Design and renovation. Eg: Bamboo flooring
Green Chemistry – eliminating the use of hazardous substances.
Nanotechnology– mitigating energy consumption in the manufacture of goods.
Solar Photovoltaic Technology – transforming sunlight into electricity
Bio mass – Residue from agricultural waste being converted to thermal energy
Electric Vehicles – National Electric Mobility Mission Plan (NEMMP) 2020 in India
Bio – fuel (composed with the aid of bio – ethanol and bio – diesel)
Bio – gas (anaerobic digestion of organic matter)
Small and Micro Hydropower plants (renewable ranging from 500KW to 25 MW)
Green Computing – evolved in 1992. Eg: sleep time in computers and e – waste management
Green Manufacturing – limitingthe use of hazardous material in the production processand reuse of
resources.
Green Banking – Green remit card and Green Channel Counter (GCC).
CHALLENGES IN THE IMPLEMENTATION GREEN TECHNOLOGY
Climate variations affect life on earth and humans are prone to be experiencing the effects alongside
animals and other living beings. The use of green technology can help solve such challenges in
attaining a sustainable environment. Most greenhouse gases have a long half – life which implies
they tend to stay longer in the atmosphere polluting it.
CHALLENGES REMEDY
Rapid rise in energy consumption can be combat with Practicing Sustainability
Carbon emissions and greenhouse gas Carbon emission
emissions can be combat with reduction programs,
Carbon credit
Global warming Usage of solar energy
can be combat with
and public transport
Deforestation can be combat with Afforestation
Pollution due to Transport Mobility Model (MoMo)
can be combat with partnership, Electronic
Vehicle Initaitive (EVI)
Technical Failure and Breakdowns can be combat with Alternatives technology
Findings
Green or clean technology as the name indicates aims to make the environment more clean and
sustainable. Green technology though is expensive to implement, adds value to the Corporate Social
Responsibility (CSR) goals of every organisation. The extent of sustainability attained is quiet
difficult to be fathomed, in the process of employing green techniques in the manufacturing and

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 Shodhasamhita : Journal of Fundamental & Comparative Research
Vol. VIII, No. 1(XXXIII) : 2022
ISSN: 2277-7067
logistics management of firms. The application of green technology has become inevitable to combat
issues like global warming, carbon and greenhouse gas emissions.
Suggestions
Better initiatives to convert existing technology into green and sustainable technology has to be
undertaken both at the individual and firm level. The significance of conserving energy and natural
resources in order to attain a sustainable environment has to be emphasised by business concerns,
both public and private in their vision and mission statements. The extent of benefit obtained using
green technology has to be stated by organisations in their Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
reports. For example, the extent of product that is recycled, the percentage of energy efficiency
attained and so on.

Conclusion
Technology in order to be called green has to satisfy the following criteria: it
minimisesenvironmental degradation, it reduces greenhouse gases (GHG) emission, it conserves
natural resources and it enhances the usage of energy renewables. The market space both online and
offline has a huge demand for green and sustainabletechnology, therefore the goodwill of firms
solely depend on the ability of the firm to engage itself in promoting green techniques and tools.New
technology keeps evolving and innovative claims of conserving the environment are on the rise.The
evolution of electric vehicles is one fine example of green technology in every arena. Therefore,
despite the challenges faced, the implementation of green technology supports the environment and
improves sustainability on a holistic scale.

References
Borch. K. et al., (2004). “Green Technological Foresight on Environmental Friendly Agriculture”.
Executive Summary: Rio National Library, Denmark.
Korten.D. (1990).“Getting to the 21st Century: Voluntary Action and the Global Agenda”. Hartford,
CT: Kumarian Press.
Shaker R and Hussain M (2018).“Enforcing green technology of selected organizations in
Bahrain”.Journal of Advanced Research in dynamical and control system, 10(14-special Issue).ISSN
1943-023.
Robert C Wicklein - Technology in Society, (1998) “Design Criteria for Sustainable Development in
Appropriate Technology: Technology as if People Matter”
Banerjee S and Alkuli R K (2014).“Advantages of green technology”. Recent research in science and
technology, 6(1):97-100. ISSN:2076-5061. http://recent-science.com/
Soni, Ghanshyam Das(2015) "Advantages of Green Technology." Social Issues and Environmental
Problems, Vol.3 (Iss.9:Special Edition): Sep, 2015, ISSN- 2350- 0530(O) ISSN- 2394-3629(P).
MonuBhardwaj et al. (2015) "The Advantages and Disadvantages of Green Technology" Journal of
Basic and Applied Engineering Research, Volume 2, Issue 22; October - December, 2015: pp. 1957-
1960.
Havas Media (2008). “New research shows that despite the economic recession, consumers still
place considerable value on sustainability.”

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