PERIODIC TABLE

DOBERNIER’S TRIAD:

The element in a triad had similar properties and the atomic weight of the middle element of
each triad is very close to average weight of other two elements.

MERITS:

(i) first time grouping was done (ii) the properties of all elements of a particular group were
similar.
DEMERITS:

(i) All the known elements could not be fixed in Triad. (ii) In the same group, law was not
obeying for F, Cl and Br.

DE CHANCOURTOIS CLASSIFICATION:

He arranged the then known elements in order of increasing atomic weight and proposed a
cylindrical table of elements. He observed that the elements with similar properties fell in a
vertical line from the centre.

NEWLAND LAW OF OCTAVE:

When elements are arranged in the increasing order of atomic weigt the properties of every
eight elements are similar to the first one. With the discovery of Isotope and Heavy elements,
the law does not hold good.

LUTHER MEYER’S ARRANGEMENT:

When the elements are arranged in the increasing order of their atomic weight, similarities in
physical and chemical properties appears at regular interval. He used a graph paper and draw
the graph of atomic volume against atomic weight.

MENDELEEV’S PERIODIC TABLE:

He arranged all the elements present at that moment on the basis of increasing number of
atomic weight in a table and gave a law. The law is “The physical and Chemical properties of
elements are periodic function of their atomic weight”

MERITS:
(i) All 63 elements were arranged.

(ii) Periodic property of elements varies directly with atomic weight.

(iii) Gaps were kept for undiscovered elements.

(iv) He predicted properties of undiscovered elements.

DEMERITS:

(i) Grouping of dissimilar elements: Na, K, Rb are kept with Ag and Cu.
(ii) Separation of similar elements i.e Au and Pt
(iii) Position of Isotope
(iv) Position of Hydrogen

MODERN PERIODIC LAW:

“The physical and chemical properties of elements are periodic function of the atomic
number”. There are 7 periods and 18 groups.

MERITS:

(i) Based on atomic number which is fundamental number.

(ii) It is easy to remember and reproduce.
(iii) The position of elements in the periodic table is governed by the electronic
configuration.
(iv) The systematic grouping of elements into s, p, d and f block, has made the study of
the elements more simple.

DEMERITS:

(i) The position of Hydrogen

(ii) Position of Lanthanides and Actinides has not been accommodated in the main body
of the periodic table.
(iii) According to electronic configuration, He should be placed in s-block but it is kept in
p-block.