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  • Exploration 2 - Using Quadratic Regression and Volume of Revolution Disc Method To Calculate The Volumes of Cooking Ingredients Non - Annotated

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    gaurav gregrath
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    Exploration 2 - Using Quadratic Regression and Volume of Revolution Disc Method to calculate the volumes of cooking ingredients non_annotated

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    12 views12 pages

    Exploration 2 - Using Quadratic Regression and Volume of Revolution Disc Method To Calculate The Volumes of Cooking Ingredients Non - Annotated

    Uploaded by

    gaurav gregrath

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 12
    Using Quadratic Regression and Volume of Revolution Disc Method to calculate the volumes of cooking ingredients. Introduction: My inspiration for this mathematics investigation arose from extended periods of time in math class, wondering when I would actually use the course content in real life situations. This in combination with my time spent in the kitchen, I usually cook my own meals (especially on the weekends), 50 when thinking of a mathematics exploration topic I immediately took inspiration in using cooking ingredients as a basis for my mathematics exploration. However, I found it particularly difficult thinking of'a method to apply calculus within the kitchen environment, I had a number of ideas which I would eventually end up throwing away. While doing some extra research I was suddenly hit with a completely new concept within the field of calculus in which 1 found particularly interesting; volume of revolutions. I had the idea to incorporate the volume of revolutions dise method in order to calculate the volume of various different cooking ingredients with unique curves. I was interested in this, and I moved forward feeling confident that this exploration would allow me to engage in mathematics that bears meaning as it incorporates one of my favorite hobbies as ‘opposed to a traditional classroom setting which bears little value in terms of real life understanding. ‘After using an online graphing calculator called Desmos throughout high school. I was familiar with its capabilities and would use this tool to import pictures of the objects and create a series of graphs and equations. Once this was done I thought it would be interesting to test the accuracy of the results by inserting the objects in water and measuring the displacement to find out their volumes, Up until this point I had no experience in applying mathematics outside the classtoom environment, and as a result, my mai ‘goal for this investigation would be to apply an area of ‘mathematics outside of the classroom in a real life situation and develop an understanding of the accuracy of the volume using the revolutions dise method. ‘Selection of Objects: In order to achieve accurate results in my calculations 1 would need objects that were small enough to fit in a Hitre measuring cup for the final water displacement test with distinct curves. I had a number of various different objects in mind, although due to practicality issues, I settled on three items that were relatively easy to gather such as an orange, an egg and a lemon. Based on the fact that all of these objects had slightly different curves | thought that would make for an interesting exploration, Production of Parabolas: ‘To produce the parabolas, I would nced to plot points along the curves of the objects. I created a layout of all the items I would be experimenting with on a countertop and took clear pictures of each item. ‘The pictures of the three objects were imported into Desmos without stretching or altering the image in any way, these images can be seen in Figures 1 to 3 below. I would only drag the image toward the right side of the Cartesian coordinate grid on the x-axis between the fourth and first quadrant and place them in the center. Once the pictures were on the graph, I plotted points along the curve of each object in intervals, of 0.5em or lem depending on the length of the object. In some cases the difficult curves like stud on the end of the orange and lemon would make it go past the origin even when centered, but for the egg it was easier as the surface of the egg was smooth with no deformities. In the end, three tables of values were produced which can be seen in Tables 1 to 3 below. I would then proceed to use a TI-83 graphing calculator to calculate quadratic regression in order to produce equations for each of the objects as well as get an idea of the variation and accuracy of the points to produce an accurate equation. Ifthe correlation coefficient did not show a strong correlation (R? <0.95) I would have to use another regression model, The correlation coefficients, parameters, tables and equations for each object can be seen below. Orange (7em diameter) Figure 1: The graph of y, (Orange) y, (em) x, (cm) 0 0.66 10 2.42 2.0 3.16 3.0 3.53 40 3.61 5.0 335 6.0 2.65 1.08 ins plotied along the curve of the orange in I em intervals Quadratic regression y= ax? + br +6 R= 0.9842 Parameters: 1228155 64935 77128 Equation produced: yy = 70.228? + 1.65x + 0.71 Egg (4.2 em length) Figure 2: Graph of y', (Egg) 2 (em) x3 (em) 0 0 0s 0.83 10 1.25 1s 144 2.0 155 25 1.50 3.0 1.25 35 0.89 40 021 ‘Table 2: Poinis plotted along the curve of the egg in 0 Sem intervals Quadratic regression: y= ax? + br +e R= 0.9893 Parameters: 0.359476 47427 c= 0.0801212 Equation produced: Jp = ~ 0.359% + 1.47 + 0.0801 ‘Lemon (Sem length) Figure 3: Graph of y, (Lemon) = * 3 (em) (cm) 0 0.16 0s 138 10 1.95 1s 2.21 2.0 2.37 25 2.46 3.0 2.40 35 2.19 4.0 1.86 45 139 5.0 0.19 ‘Table 3: Points plotted along the curve of the lemon in 0.5 cm intervals, Quadratic regression: y= ax? + bx +e R= 0.9649 Parameters: a= = 0.353706 b= 1.7669 = 0.364965 Equation produced: = 0.354x2 + 1.77 + 0.365 Formulation of Integrals Once the equations were made and I was confident that they were as accurate as possible I expressed the equations in integrals using the volume of revolutions dise method also known as dise integration to calculate the volumes of the respective objects Disc integration formula: V= 7 fy dx Integrals produced: V orange = = fc = 0.2282 + 1.65x + 0.771 Pax 0 41 Vegg= x J (—0.360x" + 1.47x + 0.0801 dx ° V lemon = = | (0.354 + 1.77x + 0.365)7dx a Integral calculations “All calculations have been rounded to 3 s.f whenever applicable* Orange (7cm Diameter) ‘V orange = x {(-o208e + 1.65x + 0.771 Pde a 1. Expand and Simplify (long expansion process cut out) 1 =m J (0228 + 165 + 0.771 (0.228 + 1.65e + 0.771 )de a 3249 4 _ 1881 34 $0231 24 25449 yy SMa =™ 36505 * — 2500 350000 Toood ** Tooo006 2. Using the antiderivative rule to find the integral b> x“! 3. Expressing integral in the form [g(x)] § v=x[ esos (5)** — 5500 (4)*** S3o000 (5)? * Tama (3) * 4. Using the fundamental theorem of calculus to calculate the definite integral froweroy-re) V= x [685 GO - BAGO + BB DO" + BB+ M-O] F 25000 Toon000' V= x [(174.7 + 271.1 + 4.16 ~ 451.6 + 62.3) ~ (0)] 5. Solve for V = (60.7) V= 190.6946741 V orange~ 190.7em* Egg (4.2 cm Length) 42 Vegg= m f (0.359? + 147% + 0.0801 Pax 0 1, Expand and Simplify (long expansion process cut out) 42 =n J (0.359% +1.47%x + 0.0801 )(—0.359% + 1.47x + 0.0801 dr a 4 f ee am sonnts * ~ Sion dosiooy) 24 777 4 ea601 By. > “000000 50000 *+ Tpoo0000s AL yntl 2. Using the antiderivative rule to find the integral: 1 . Expressing integral in the form [f(x)] V= me [BER (4) 3° — SB (at + RUSH 4)? + A (4) x? + a) 0? 4. Using the fundamental theorem of calculus to calculate the definite integral: { Ax)dx=F(b)-F(a) i ™ [aR (2) 420° ~ Sa (2) 4.2)" + ABE (4) 4.2) + aS (2) 4.20" + en) ~ CO] = x ((33.7 —82.1 + 51.9+2.08 + 0.0269) — (0)] 5. Solve for V V= (5.61) V= 17.6243347 V Ege ~ 17.6cm? Lemon (Sem Length) Vlemon = | (-0.354e + 1.77 + 0.365)2dr a 1. Expand and Simplify (long expansion process cut out) V lemon = J Cossae + 77x + 0.365)7dx 0 =_| 2122 359 24 12021 p 4 S328 0 2. Using the antiderivative rule to find the integral:

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