LITERASI BAHASA INGGRIS

Questions 1-3 refer to the following text.

Loneliness and social isolation in older adults are serious public health risks affecting a significant
number of people in the United States and putting them at risk for dementia and other serious medical
conditions. A report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM)
points out that more than one-third of adults aged 45 and older feel lonely, and nearly one-fourth of
adults aged 65 and older are considered to be socially isolated. Older adults are at increased risk for
loneliness and social isolation because they are more likely to face factors such as living alone, the loss
of family or friends, chronic illness, and hearing loss.

Although it’s hard to measure social isolation and loneliness precisely, there is strong evidence that
many adults aged 50 and older are socially isolated or lonely in ways that put their health at risk. Recent
studies found that social isolation significantly increased a person’s risk of premature death from all
causes, a risk that may rival those of smoking, obesity, and physical inactivity. Poor social relationships
(characterized by social isolation or loneliness) was also associated with a 29% increased risk of heart
disease. Loneliness among heart failure patients was associated with a nearly 4 times increased risk
of death, 68% increased risk of hospitalization, and 57% increased risk of emergency department visits.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2017). Loneliness and Social Isolation Linked to Serious Health Conditions. Taken on November 30, 2021 from
https://www.cdc.gov/aging/publications/features/lonely-older-adults.html.

1. The writer’s intention in writing the passage is to ….

A. disseminate the information about the impacts loneliness and social isolation in the elderly
B. encourage people to be more concerned about the elderly who are lonely and socially
isolated
C. prove that the elderly experiencing loneliness and social isolation actually exist in the
United States
D. convey the pain and sadness experienced by lonely and socially isolated elderly based on
research
E. tell about the loneliness and unhappiness felt by the elderly who are socially isolated, as
well as research findings

2. To whom is the text likely addressed?

A. Families staying with elderly

B. People living around elderly
C. Pensioners who have just left their jobs
D. Senior citizens living alone in the suburbs
E. Employers having old workers in their companies

3. From the last paragraph, we can infer that …

A. Those who experience loneliness may develop heart disease.

B. Feeling lonely aggravates the heart condition of the elderly.
C. Heart disease is the worst ailment that a lonely older person will suffer from.
D. The older people get, the more lonely they will feel.
E. Loneliness and social isolation that people experience makes them unable to survive.
Questions 4-7 refer to the following text.

Text You have invited your friend over for dinner. Your child sees your friend reach for some cookies
and says,” Better not take those, or you’ll get even bigger.” You’re embarrassed that your child could
speak so rudely. However, you should consider that your child may not know how to use the language
appropriately in social situation and did not mean harm by the comment.

An individual may say word clearly and use long, complex sentences with correct grammar, but still
have a communication problem if he or she has not mastered the rule of social language known as
pragmatics. Adults may also have difficulty with pragmatics, for example, as a result of a brain injury
or stroke.

An individual with pragmatic problems may say inappropriate or unrelated things during
conversations, tell stories in a disorganized way, or have little variety in language use. It is not unusual
to have pragmatic problems in only a few situations. However, if problems in social language use
occur often and seem inappropriate considering the child’s age, a pragmatic disorder may exist.

4. The restatement of the last sentence of the passage is that ....

A. vocabulary is basic in grammar
B. language problems are essentially satiric
C. pragmatic disorders always exist as a single entity
D. problems such as vocabulary and grammar frequently come along with pragmatic disorders
E. linguist can solve pragmatic disorders

5. The topic of the paragraph is ...

A. pragmatic disorders
B. inappropriate politics
C. logics
D. incorrect grammar
E. vocabulary problems

6. The word “embarrassed” in the text is closest in meaning to ....

A. proud
B. happy
C. awkward
D. fast
E. slow
Questions 7-10 refer to the following text.

At the time, I already had been diagnosed with pancreatic cancer, but I was optimistic. Maybe
I’d be among the lucky ones who’d survive.

While I went through treatment, those running the lecture series kept sending me emails. “What
will you be talking about?” they asked. “Please provide an abstract.” There’s a formality in academia
that can’t be ignored, even if a man is busy with other things, like trying not to die. By mid-August, I was
told that a poster for the lecture had to be printed, so I’d have to decide on a topic. That very week,
however, I got the news: My most recent treatment hadn’t worked. I had just months to live.

I knew I could cancel the lecture. Everyone would understand. Suddenly, there were so many
other things to be done. I had to deal with my own grief and the sadness of those who loved me. I had to
throw myself into getting my family’s affairs in order. And yet, despite everything, I couldn’t shake the
idea of giving the talk. I was energized by the idea of delivering a last lecture that really was a last lecture.
What could I say? How would it be received? Could I even get through it?

“They’ll let me back out,” I told my wife, Jai, “but I really want to do it.”

Throughout my academic career, I’d given some pretty good talks. But being considered the best
speaker in a computer science department is like being known as the tallest of the Seven Dwarfs. And
right then, I had the feeling that I had more in me, that if I gave it my all, I might be able to offer people
something special. “Wisdom” is a strong word, but maybe that was it.

Jai still wasn’t happy about it. We eventually took the issue to Michele Reiss, the psychotherapist
we’d begun seeing a few months earlier. She specializes in helping families when one member is
confronting a terminal illness.

“Cancer doesn’t make me unique,” I said. There was no arguing that. More than 37,000 Americans a
year are diagnosed with pancreatic cancer alone.

I had my laptop with me in that waiting room, and fueled by this epiphany, I quickly tapped out
an email to the lecture organizers. I told them I finally had a title for them. “My apologies for the delay,”
I wrote. “Let’s call it: ‘Really Achieving Your Childhood Dreams. ”
Adapted from https://randy-pausch.freenovelread.com/36842-the_last_lecture

7. What is the primary focus of the last lecture mentioned in the story?
A. Discussing recent advancements in cancer treatments.
B. Exploring the challenges of living with pancreatic cancer.
C. Delivering a lecture despite facing a terminal illness.
D. Highlighting the speaker's academic achievements.
E. Analysing the formalities in academia.
8. What motivates the speaker to go ahead with the last lecture despite having just months to live?
A. Academic pressure and expectations.
B. A desire to be known as the best speaker in computer science.
C. An energizing idea of delivering a truly final lecture.
D. Pressure from the lecture organizers.
E. A need to discuss recent cancer research findings.

9. How does the speaker feel about the opportunity to give the last lecture?
A. Regretful and hesitant.
B. Eager and energized.
C. Indifferent and uninterested.
D. Anxious and overwhelmed.
E. Pessimistic and defeated.

10. What internal conflict does the speaker face regarding the last lecture?
A. Balancing work and personal life.
B. Deciding on the best treatment for pancreatic cancer.
C. Managing family affairs during a terminal illness.
D. Coping with the pressure of being the best speaker in computer science.
E. Choosing between grief and lecture preparation.