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    Genomics was used to sequence the genomes of 240 mammals across the mammalian tree of life. This allowed investigations into mammalian evolution, adaptive traits, morphology, and the identification of genes related to human disease. Specifically, the genome of Balto, a famous sled dog, was analyzed and revealed lost diversity in early 20th century sled dogs and predictions about his coat color. Large-scale genomic analyses provide new insights into mammalian evolution and ourselves.

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    Genomics was used to sequence the genomes of 240 mammals across the mammalian tree of life. This allowed investigations into mammalian evolution, adaptive traits, morphology, and the identification of genes related to human disease. Specifically, the genome of Balto, a famous sled dog, was analyzed and revealed lost diversity in early 20th century sled dogs and predictions about his coat color. Large-scale genomic analyses provide new insights into mammalian evolution and ourselves.

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    6 views3 pages

    Science

    Uploaded by

    Ale Melli
    Genomics was used to sequence the genomes of 240 mammals across the mammalian tree of life. This allowed investigations into mammalian evolution, adaptive traits, morphology, and the identification of genes related to human disease. Specifically, the genome of Balto, a famous sled dog, was analyzed and revealed lost diversity in early 20th century sled dogs and predictions about his coat color. Large-scale genomic analyses provide new insights into mammalian evolution and ourselves.

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    of 3

    SP E C IAL S E C T I O N

    ZOONOMIA
    By Sacha Vignieri

    Downloaded from https://www.science.org on April 28, 2023


    M
    PERSPECTIVES ammals are one of the most diverse classes of ani-
    Genomics expands the mammalverse p. 358
    mals, ranging both in size, across many orders of
    Seeing humans through an evolutionary lens p. 360
    magnitude, and in shape—nearly to the limit of one’s
    RESEARCH ARTICLES
    imagination. Understanding when, how, and under
    Mammalian evolution of human cis- what selective pressures this variation has developed
    regulatory elements and transcription factor has been of interest since the dawn of science.
    binding sites p. 362
    Genomics can provide insight into the evolution
    Comparative genomics of Balto, a famous
    historic dog, captures lost diversity of 1920s
    and generation of important genetic variation and
    sled dogs p. 363 morphological traits. Further, because humans are
    Relating enhancer genetic variation across also mammals, understanding genetic variation across species can
    mammals to complex phenotypes using machine provide insight into not just our own evolutionary history but also
    learning p. 364
    our health. Genes that are conserved across many species may in-
    A genomic timescale for placental mammal
    evolution p. 365 dicate those that are essential for normal function and thus may
    Evolutionary constraint and innovation across
    lead to disease when altered. Alternatively, genes that are distinc-
    hundreds of placental mammals p. 366 tive to specific groups or species may be the result of selection for
    Leveraging base-pair mammalian constraint particular adaptive traits. In this collection of papers, the genomes
    to understand genetic variation and human of 240 mammals from across the mammalian tree of life are used
    disease p. 367
    to perform a variety of investigations, from identifying adaptive
    Integrating gene annotation with orthology
    traits and morphology in the famous sled dog Balto and reveal-
    PHOTO: THE CLEVELAND MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY

    inference at scale p. 368


    The functional and evolutionary impacts ing evolutionary innovation across mammals to narrowing in on
    of human-specific deletions in conserved potential genes related to disease in humans.
    elements p. 369
    Approaches used to produce and analyze this large number of
    Three-dimensional genome rewiring in loci
    with human accelerated regions p. 370
    genomes will pave the way for similar large-scale analyses of oth-
    Insights into mammalian TE diversity through
    er taxonomic groups. The Zoonomia project heralds a new era in
    the curation of 248 mammalian genome which the joint production of genomes from hundreds of species
    assemblies p. 371 will open the door to new ways of understanding mammals, mam-
    The contribution of historical processes malian evolution, and ourselves.
    to contemporary extinction risk in placental
    mammals p. 372 10.1126/science.adi1599

    356 28 APRIL 2023 • VOL 380 ISSUE 6643 science.org SCIENCE


    Downloaded from https://www.science.org on April 28, 2023
    The 240 mammals sequenced
    through the Zoonomia project
    include the famous sled dog
    Balto, who was reported to
    have led a team of sled dogs
    in the final leg of the race to
    carry a life-saving serum to
    Nome, Alaska, in 1925. His
    genome, in conjunction with
    others, was used to reveal his
    ancestry and adaptations,
    as well as predict aspects of
    his morphology, including
    his coat color.

    SCIENCE science.org
    Zoonomia
    Sacha Vignieri

    Science, 380 (6643), .


    DOI: 10.1126/science.adi1599

    View the article online


    https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adi1599

    Downloaded from https://www.science.org on April 28, 2023


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