CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG – Passive voice

1. Cách dùng
Nhấn mạnh vào hành động trong câu, tác nhân gây ra hành động dù là người hay vật thì cũng không
quan trọng.
2. Công thức
S + be + VpII + by O

Các thì Chủ động Bị động

Thì hiện tại đơn

Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn

Thì hiện tại hoàn

thành

Thì quá khứ đơn

Thì quá khứ tiếp

diễn

Thì quá khứ hoàn

thành

Thì tương lai đơn

Động từ khuyết thiếu

Trong trường hợp câu chủ động có 2 tân ngữ, thì chúng ta có thể tách thành 2 câu bị động.
Ví dụ:
 Active: Professor John gave Mary an A.
(Giáo sư John chấm cho Mary một điểm A)
 Passive: An A was given to Mary by Professor John.
(Một điểm A được chấm cho Mary bởi giáo sư John)
  Passive: Mary was given an A.
(Mary được chấm một điểm A)
Chú ý:
1. Nếu S - chủ ngữ trong câu chủ động là: they, people, everyone, someone, anyone, etc => thì
không cần đưa vào câu bị động
Ví dụ: They stole my motorbike last night. (Bọn chúng lấy trộm xe máy của tôi đêm qua)

➤ My motorbike was stolen last night. (Xe máy của tôi đã bị lấy trộm đêm qua.)
2. Nếu là người hoặc vật

➤ Trực tiếp gây ra hành động thì dùng chuyển sang bị động sẽ dùng 'by'
E.g: She is making a cake => A cake is being made by her.

➤ Gián tiếp gây ra hành động thì dùng 'with'

E.g: A door is opened with a key
3. Bài tập
Bài 1: Xác định các câu sau là câu chủ động hay câu bị động
1. John likes to plaу ѕoccer.
2. Thiѕ room haѕ been painted white.
3. Cricket iѕ plaуed in Auѕtralia.
4. I am giᴠen a bag.
5. I haᴠe loѕt my keуѕ.
6. You might ѕee monkeys here.
7. The report muѕt be completed bу neхt Sunday.
8. We ᴡere ѕinging a ѕong in the leѕѕon уeѕterdaу.
9. A song ᴡaѕ ᴡritten to him ѕome daуѕ ago.
10. The black bike iѕ being repaired at the moment.
Bài 2: Viết lại những câu sau ở dạng bị động
1. She opens the book.
_______________________________________________________________________________
2. She buys a lot of alcohol.
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3. They set the table.
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4. I take a photo.
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5. We wear blue skirts.
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6. He doesn’t buy the cooker.
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7. They don’t help me.
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8. You do not write the essay.
_______________________________________________________________________________
9. Does that man rob the bank?
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10. Does your dad pick you up?
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11. The girls are singing a folk song.
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12. Mr. Thompson and his son are playing table tennis at the moment.
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13. My sister is baking a cake.
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14. The waitress is serving three lunches now.
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15. My dad is reading the newspaper at this time.
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16. My mother has bought this bouquet of flower in that shop.
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17. Jane has found her wallet.
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18. Our team has finished the report.
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19. I have finished my exercise for two days.
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20. He has never seen this movie before.
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21. People drink a great deal of tea in England.
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22. Tom was writing two poems.
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23. She often takes her dog for a walk.
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24. People speak English all over the world.
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25. A group of students have met their friends at the railway station.
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26. They didn’t allow Tom to take these books home.
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27. The teacher won’t correct exercises tomorrow.
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28. How many trees did they cut down to build that fence?
_______________________________________________________________________________
29. This well-known library attracts many people.
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30. My mother used to make us clean the house.
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 31. He likes people to call him “Sir”.
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32. They are going to have someone repair their car
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33. People say that he is intelligent.
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34. He can’t repair my bike.
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35. Mary has operated Tom since 10 o’clock.
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36. Mr. Smith has taught us French for 2 years.
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37. They didn’t look after the children properly.
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38. Nobody swept this street last week.
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39. How many lessons are you going to learn next month?
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40. You need to do this work.
_______________________________________________________________________________
Bài 3: Sắp xếp các từ sau thành câu hoàn chỉnh
1. The/ window/ closed./ was
2. on/ is/ pavement/ the/ banned./ Driving
3. Lunch/by/ is/ them/prepared
4. spoken/ in/ Korean/ is/ class./ the
5. were/ trees/ The / yesterday. /planted/
6. computer/ been/ The/ has/ stolen.
7. are/ being/ Her/ teeth/ brushed.
8. if/ they/ naughty./ will/ be/ they/ punished/ are
9. phone/ Your/ fixed/ is
10. The/ cake/ birthday/ awful/ eaten./ been/has
Bài 4: Chuyển các câu bị động sau thành câu chủ động
1. He was seen to come in.
_______________________________________________________________________________
2. She get some tea made.
_______________________________________________________________________________
3. That cake has been made by sister.
_______________________________________________________________________________
4. Documents had been prepared before we came.
 _______________________________________________________________________________
5. This classroom was swept by nobody yesterday.
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6. This task need to be finished by you.
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7. He was found on the street by the police.
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8. The question has been carefully researched by my boss.
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9. The contract should be signed by both parties today.
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10. The mystery is found out by him.
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11. Shirts can be bought at this shop.
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12. A letter is being written to my friend.
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13. The food is delivered by Nam everyday.
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14. My job was being done at that time.
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15. A lot of citizens are attracted by this shopping mall.
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Bài 5: Cho dạng đúng của từ trong ngoặc
1. The war ……………………………….. next week.(DECLARE)
2. Your homework ……………………………….. by tomorrow afternoon.(MUST FINISH)
3. That house ………………………………... since I was a child. (NOT PAINT)
4. Smoking ……………………………….. in this hotel (NOT ALLOW)
5. After all the flights …………………………., the tourists checked in at the airport hotel. (CANCEL)
6. The car ……………………..…. for over a week. (NOT WASH)
7. He ………………………. a new contract last year. (GIVE)
8. This song ………………………………..by the Beatles in 1967. (WRITE)
9. The earth …………………………… if we try hard enough to do something (CAN SAVE)
10. The new bridge ……………………………….. at the moment. (BUILD)
11. A bottle was ……………………………….. (throw) outsides last night by him.
12. This fan has already ……………………………….. (fix) by my father.
13. Now, a test ……………………………….. (do) by him to prepare for his exam.
14. Finally, the key ……………………………….. (find).
 15. They were very worried that the work would not ……………………………….. (finish).
Bài 6: Chuyển các câu sau sang câu bị động
1. The waiter brings me this dish.
 ………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Our friends send these postcards to us.
 ………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Their grandmother told them this story when they visited her last week.
 ………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Tim ordered this train ticket for his mother.
 ………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. She showed her ticket to the airline agent.
 ………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. Jim baked this cake yesterday.
 ………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. They are going to buy a new apartment next year.
 ………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. The shop assistant handed these boxes to the customer.
 ………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. The board awarded the first prize to the reporter.
 ………………………………………………………………………………………………
10. Have you sent the Christmas cards to your family?
 ………………………………………………………………………………………………
11. The committee appointed Alice secretary for the meeting.
 ………………………………………………………………………………………………
12. Tom will give Anna a ride to school tomorrow.
 ………………………………………………………………………………………………
13. They keep this room tidy all the time.
 ………………………………………………………………………………………………
14. We gave Ann some bananas and some flowers.
 ………………………………………………………………………………………………
15. They moved the fridge into the living room.
 ………………………………………………………………………………………………
Bài 7: Tìm và sửa lỗi sai
1. Five suspects (A) have be (B) arrested (C) by the (D) police.
2. He was ordered (A) by the (B) doctor to (C) take an (D) long rest.
3. A (A) dancing class (B) was start (C) last week (D).
4. He were found (A) in the (B) forest by (C) the (D) police.
5. A (A) car is (B) going to been (C) bought (D) tomorrow.
6. These drugs are (A) be (B) destroyed (C) by police (D).
7. I'm from (A) Russia and (B) my family born (C) there (D).
Bài 8: Chọn đáp án đúng
1. My room _________________________ in the house by her now.
A. is being cleaned B. are being cleaned C. will be cleaned D. would be cleaned
2. Tom ___________________________ by Mary since 10 o'clock.
A. has operated B. have been operated C. has been operated D. All are wrong.
3. Someone __________________ to take his place.
A. must be find B. might be find C. should be finds D. must be found
4. 20 demonstrators ________________________ by the police.
A. was arrested B. were arrested C. was arresting D. A & B
5. That book ______________________ by Tom yesterday.
A. were bought B. bought C. A & B D. was bought
6. Much of the city ______________________ by fire in the 17th century.
A. was destroyed B. is destroyed C. are destroyed D. were destroyed
7. Work _________________________ by the teacher.
A. are being watched B. was being watched C. is being watched D. B & C
8. My house __________________ red and blue.
A. are painted B. is painted C. was painted D. All are wrong.
9. The grain _________________ to the factory, where it _______________ and ____________________.
A. are taken / cleaned / is checked B. is taken / is cleaned / is checked
C. was taken / was cleaned / was checked D. is taken / is cleaned / checked
10. Jag Niwas _______________________ by Prince Maharana Jagat Singh II.
A. were built B. are built C. was built D. is built
11. The wall _______________________ before you paint it.
A. must be cleaned B. should cleaned C. might been cleaned D. No answer is right
12. The Garden of Clear Ripples ___________________ by The Qing Emperor Quinlong in the middle of
the 16th century.
A. designed B. was designed C. were designed D. B & C
13. This computer _________________________ to use
A. will be continued B. would continued C. should continue D. must continues
14. A lot of food _____________________ these days.
A. are thrown B. were thrown C. is thrown D. was thrown
Bài 9: Chuyển các câu hỏi sau sang câu bị động
1. Do they teach English here?
_______________________________________________________________________________
2. Will you invite her to your wedding party?
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3. Has Tom finished the work?
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4. Did the teacher give some exercises?
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5. Have they changed the window of the laboratory?
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6. Is she going to write a poem?
_______________________________________________________________________________
7. Are the police making inquires about the thief?
_______________________________________________________________________________
8. Must we finish the test before ten?
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9. Will buses bring the children home?
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10. Had you finished your homework?
_______________________________________________________________________________
11. Why didn't they help him?
_______________________________________________________________________________
12. How many games has the team played?
_______________________________________________________________________________
13. Where do people speak English?
_______________________________________________________________________________
14. How can they open this safe?
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15. What books are people reading this year?
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16. How did the police find the lost man?
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17. How long have they waited for the doctor?
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18. What time can the boys hand in their papers?
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