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(From Previous Lecture)

1
 DHCP

2
DHCP
• In IP environment, before a computer can
communicate to another one, they need to have their
own IP addresses.
• There are two ways of configuring an IP address on a
device:
• Static: Statically assign an IP address. This means we
manually type an IP address for this computer
• Dynamic Use a protocol so that the computer can obtain
its IP address automatically.
Dynamic Host
Configuration
Protocol
(DHCP)
How does DHCP work?
• Lease Generation Process
• DORA Process
• Discover
• Offer
• Request
• Acknowledgement
• Four step Process
 Different Scopes
Range of IP
DHCP Scopes for different
Addresses
subnets
 How does DHCP work? (Step 1)
• DHCPDISCOVER message
• Destination IP address
255.255.255.255 (broadcast)
• Destination MAC address
FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF (broadcast)
• Source IP address 0.0.0.0
• Source MAC Address
• Try to find out a DHCP Server
 How does DHCP work? (Step 2)
• DHCPOFFER message
• IP Address
• Subnet Mask
• Default Gateway
• Lease Time
• DNS
• Destination IP address
255.255.255.255 (broadcast)
• Destination MAC address of
Client (unicast)
 How does DHCP work? (Step 3)
• DHCPREQUEST message
• Destination IP address
255.255.255.255 (broadcast)
• Destination MAC address of
FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF (broadcast)
• Source IP address of 0.0.0.0
• Way to inform other DHCP
Servers
 How does DHCP work? (Step 4)
• DHCPACKNOWLEDGEMENT
• Destination IP address
255.255.255.255
• Destination MAC address of
Client
 DORA
Process
Summary
DHCP Lease Renewal Process
• By default, lease period is limited to 8 days.
• Clients attempt to renew its lease as 50% of the lease
duration has expired.
DHCP Lease
Missing DHCP Server
• If the client cannot find a DHCP server then It
may auto assign an IP address from a reserved
range 169.254.0.0 to 169.254.255.255 or simply
have an IP address of 0.0.0.0.
DHCP Commands
• ipconfig/all -This command will show IP and DNS settings
• ipconfig/release -This command will release the IP address from
DHCP
• ipconfig/renew -This command will renew the IP address using DHCP
LAB Time
THANKS