1x1 qs-STAT

A Program Package for Solving

Statistical Problems in Quality Control

Version: 1 / March 2009

© Copyright 2009

Q-DAS GmbH & Co. KG

Eisleber Str. 2
D - 69469 Weinheim

Tel.: ++49/6201/3941-0
Fax: ++49/6201/3941-24
E-Mail: q-das@q-das.de
Internet: http://www.q-das.de

Hotline:
Tel.: ++49/6201/3941-14
Fax: ++49/6201/3941-714
E-Mail: hotline@q-das.de
2 1x1 qs-STAT
Preface 3

Preface
Thank you for your trust in our software. This manual helps you to be-
come acquainted with the principal features of this software quickly.
More information is available in the online help and on our website
http://q-das.com under Download.
We wish you all the best in working with Q-DAS® products.

Note:
Q-DAS® offers product-related training classes. We would be pleased to
send you detailed information about training contents. Up-to-date infor-
mation and upcoming training classes are also available on http://q-
das.com/Seminars/Product_training.htm. Furthermore, we also offer
trainings at your facility. Please contact us and we will make you an indi-
vidual offer. For self-education, we recommend our statistical reference
books.

Rights and Warranty

The Q-DAS® GmbH & Co. KG owns the rights to the technical documen-
tation and to the software programs. At any time, the information in this
document or in the program help can be changed without notification. Q-
DAS GmbH & Co. KG does not enter into an undertaking with this do-
cument.
The legal purchase of the software licenses and the manuals allows for
use of the programs according to the number of licenses. Copies may
only be made for the purpose of data back-ups (working copy). Any per-
son transferring this software to other mediums for the purpose different
than their own use is liable to prosecution.

Limitation of Warranty
The manual is provided without warranty for the correctness of the con-
tents. In spite of great effort to avoid mistakes, we cannot eliminate all
errors. Hence, we appreciate any advice and suggestion if you come
across an error.
4 1x1 qs-STAT
Table of Contents 5

Table of Contents
Preface................................................................................................... 3
Rights and Warranty ............................................................................. 3
Table of Contents.................................................................................. 5
1 Program Start-Up ............................................................................ 7
1.1 Program Surface ..................................................................... 7
1.2 Sample Analysis ...................................................................... 8
1.3 Process Capability Analysis..................................................... 8
1.4 Program Help .......................................................................... 8
2 First Evaluation ............................................................................... 9
2.1 Load File.................................................................................. 9
2.2 Display Chart for Individuals .................................................... 9
2.2.1 Individuals Chart......................................................... 9
2.2.2 Value Plot................................................................. 10
2.2.3 Histogram................................................................. 10
2.2.4 Cumulative Line........................................................ 10
2.2.5 Probability Plot ......................................................... 10
2.3 Display Chart for Statistical Values ........................................ 11
2.4 Quality Control Chart ............................................................. 11
2.5 Numerical Results.................................................................. 12
2.5.1 Test Procedures (Dependent on Configuration) ....... 12
2.5.2 Distribution Models ................................................... 12
2.6 Multiple Characteristics Summary.......................................... 13
2.6.1 Box Plot.................................................................... 13
2.6.2 C-Values .................................................................. 14
2.6.3 Characteristics Statistics .......................................... 14
2.6.4 Correlation................................................................ 14
2.6.5 Reports..................................................................... 14
2.7 More Functions...................................................................... 15
2.7.1 Change Graphic Displays Simultaneously ................ 15
2.7.2 Zoom ........................................................................ 16
2.7.3 Select ....................................................................... 17
2.7.4 Regression ............................................................... 17
6 1x1 qs-STAT

3 Data Recording.............................................................................. 17
3.1 Create New Test Plan............................................................ 18
3.1.1 Part Mask ................................................................. 18
3.1.2 Characteristics Mask ................................................ 19
3.1.3 Values Mask............................................................. 19
3.2 Takeover / Import Data .......................................................... 20
3.3 Save Data.............................................................................. 20
3.4 Evaluate Data after Data Input............................................... 20
3.5 Further Functions................................................................... 21
4 Configuration................................................................................. 21
4.1 Configure Graphics................................................................ 21
4.2 Adapt Numerical Output Formats........................................... 22
4.3 Adapt Reports........................................................................ 22
4.4 User Login ............................................................................. 23
4.5 Evaluation Strategy................................................................ 23
4.6 Catalogs ................................................................................ 24
5 EasyToUse..................................................................................... 25
5.1 Reduced Part / Characteristic Mask....................................... 25
5.2 Button Bar.............................................................................. 26
6 Index............................................................................................... 27
Program Start-Up 7

1 Program Start-Up
After the successful installation of the software, you can open the pro-
gram using the link in the Windows start menu. Select Programs – Q-
DAS QM-TOOLS – Q-DAS ME 8 – [Product].
In the registration window, create a user account or choose a user ac-
count. Select a product to start the software and confirm your choice by
clicking on OK. If you only use one product, you do not have to choose a
product to start the software.

After a successful program start-up, the program surface is displayed.

Use the menu bar and the tool bar to load or create data sets.

1.1 Program Surface

The program surface consists of the menu bar
, the tool bars, the
workspace  and the status line  with some basic information.




8 1x1 qs-STAT

1.2 Sample Analysis

The Sample Analysis evaluates the data of one single sample. All meas-
urement values of a characteristic are regarded as one sample. This
procedure corresponds to the methods of the Short Term Capability and
also to the methods of the Machine Capability.

1.3 Process Capability Analysis

The Process Capability Analysis examines data consisting of numerous
single samples (subgroups). This procedure results in special graphics
and statistical methods.

1.4 Program Help

Find more information by clicking on the Help menu and Search in the
online help. If you work with a graphic, you can also open the online help
by tapping the function key <F1>.

More information about product documentation is available on our web-

site http://q-das.com/Download/Programdocu.htm.

To become acquainted with the software, we recommend you to study

the practical examples published on the Q-DAS® Inc. website http://q-
das.com/Download/Examples.htm.
First Evaluation 9

2 First Evaluation
To become acquainted with the evaluation methods quickly, try to work
with the provided test data first. Chapter 3.1 Create New Test Plan de-
scribes how to enter values yourself.

2.1 Load File

Load an example by clicking on the following icon or

choose the File menu and select Open. Open
…\Q-DAS\ME_8\CommonFiles\Data\Examples\GER from the in-
stallation directory of the software.
Select one of the provided practical examples (e.g. TEST_03.DFQ). After
opening the file, the test data is evaluated automatically by means of the
predefined evaluation strategy. Then, it is visualized on the program sur-
face.

As an alternative, a database containing corresponding practical exam-

ples is available. Click on the following icon .

2.2 Display Chart for Individuals

The following sections describe how to access further graphics for indi-
viduals.

2.2.1 Individuals Chart

Tap the function key <F2> or click on the Individuals menu and select
Individuals chart.
 temporal behavior of measurement values
 systematic changes.
10 1x1 qs-STAT

2.2.2 Value Plot

Tap the function key <F3> or click on the Individuals menu and select
Value plot individuals.
 resolution of the gage
 value frequency distributions
 malfunctions of the measurement system

2.2.3 Histogram

Tap the function key <F4> or click on the Individuals menu and select
Histogram.
 classification
 frequencies / probabilities
 distribution model

2.2.4 Cumulative Line

Click on the Individuals menu and select Cumulative Line.

 cumulative display of the histogram / value plot
 distribution adaptation

2.2.5 Probability Plot

Tap the function key <F5> or click on the Individuals menu and select
Probability plot.
 probabilities
 model capability, distribution adaptation
 quantiles
First Evaluation 11

2.3 Display Chart for Statistical Values

The last graphics were based on individuals whereas the Process Capa-
bility Analysis calculates statistical values for each sample. These values
can be displayed in diagrams.

Select
Statistical values – Value chart – Variances.
The value chart of the variances is one example for a graphic display of
statistical values. Find more charts and diagrams in the Statistical values
menu.

2.4 Quality Control Chart

The QCC is a major tool of the process control. Click on the QCC menu
item to display, calculate and configure the QCC. To calculate the QCC,
you can use the Shewart control chart, the Pearson curve, extended lim-
its and acceptance charts. Any number of combinations of x / median /
charts and R / s charts is possible. While the evaluation is running, an
analysis chart for subsequent process evaluation and a SPC chart for
on-site solutions are calculated. Furthermore, charts and their data can
be saved. Select Saved QCC to display them.

Menu items:
QCC - Analysis QCC
QCC - SPC QCC
QCC - Saved QCC

Use the menu items

QCC – Modify Analysis QCC
QCC – Modify calculate SPC QCC
to parameterize your charts again and to calculate them. It is important to
click on the Parameter button and select the estimators for the situation
and of the variation that are common practice for you.

Select the stability criteria by clicking the Stability button.

12 1x1 qs-STAT

2.5 Numerical Results

To display nurmerical results, click on the menu item Numerics. Particu-
larly, the displayed lists under Numeric – Evaluation results and under
Numeric – Form sheets – Design 3 contain the statistical standard re-
sults and the capability indices.

Select
Individuals - Individual values table – all characteristics or
Individuals - Individual values table – natural sequence
to display the raw values.

2.5.1 Test Procedures (Dependent on Configuration)

Test procedures serve different purposes such as the purpose to verify

whether a statistical evaluation can be accepted or not. In particular,
there are distribution tests and tests checking randomness and outliers,
but also equal variances and average values. The results are displayed
in clear diagrams. On the basis of the coloring, you can see whether your
hypothesis H0 was accepted (green) or whether it was rejected with a
certain significance level α (red) supporting the alternative hypothesis H1.

Get an overview of the main test results by selecting

Numeric – Test procedures – Summary.
Find more test procedures under
Summary – F Test / T Test.

2.5.2 Distribution Models

To describe measurement values, a selection of distribution models is

available. These models have to be released with the help of the evalua-
tion strategy (see chapter 4.2 Adjust Numerical Output Formats). The
first model selection is made according to the predefined test pro-
cedure and test sequence. In the course of the manual evaluation, you
can select other distributions, if required.

Select
Numeric – Distributions (incl. offset)
to activate further distribution models.
First Evaluation 13

Note: Only select a distribution model manually when you have a

reason for it. The software chooses the best solution in terms of
statistical aspects using the selection criteria of your own evalua-
tion configuration. Use this feature with reasonable care.

2.6 Multiple Characteristics Summary

Load the TEST_ALL.DFQ file as described in chapter 2.1 Load File. A
summary including all loaded parts and characteristics is displayed. Here
you can deactivate parts and characteristics to accelerate your next
evaluation. Change the status of a characteristic by double-clicking on
the respective characteristic. Characteristics can be activated or deacti-
vated. By default deactivated characteristics are displayed in red. For
now, keep the status of the characteristics as it is and click on OK.

Use the buttons to switch back and forth between the

characteristics graphics described in chapter 2.2 Display Chart for Indi-
viduals or 2.5 Numerical Results or to switch to the beginning or the
end of the characteristics list. The following summary graphics help you
to get an overview of all characteristics.

2.6.1 Box Plot

Click on the Summary menu and select Box plot.

There are comparative graphic displays for statistical values such as
 average value
 median
 process variation (99.73% or +/-3s)
 maximum value
 minimum value
 number of measurement values.
14 1x1 qs-STAT

2.6.2 C-Values

Choose the Summary menu and select Capability indices - Bars or

click on the Positional tolerances menu and select Capability indices.
Here, you can display capability indices comparatively. The potential ca-
pability index (Cm, Cp, Pp ...) and the output capability index (Cmk, Cpk, Ppk
...) are displayed in bar charts next to each other.

2.6.3 Characteristics Statistics

Select the Summary menu and choose the Characteristics statistics

menu item to get a summary table including all evaluated characteristics.
Summary tables are predefined and can be configured.

2.6.4 Correlation

The software offers correlation analysis according to different methods.

To see all possibilities for the evaluated characteristics displayed in a
matrix, click on
Summary – Correlation - Pearson
Summary – Correlation - Spearman's rank correlation
Summary – Correlation - Kendall's rank correlation

2.6.5 Reports

To select and print reports, click on the following icon or on the File
menu and select Print - reports.
You can display reports in a new window in the program surface by se-
lecting File – Report preview.
If you proceed as described above, all reports that are currently available
can be selected. Examine the provided reports as an example. Using the
optional Form Designer, you can change or create new reports at any
time.
First Evaluation 15

2.7 More Functions

The following sections illustrate some more software functions.

2.7.1 Change Graphic Displays Simultaneously

You can transfer switches of characteristics or configurations of the

graphics to multiple windows at the same time.
Range
Current Window
All Windows

Configurations / switches of characteristics apply to

• the current window
• the range (only to the windows of the active type such as the value
chart)
• all windows (or characteristics).
16 1x1 qs-STAT

2.7.2 Zoom

Various zoom functions are available to examine a single range of the

graphic more precisely. Find three examples of zoomed illustrations on
the next pages. The online help of the program provides you with sup-
port.

Examples of zooms

Example
Klick





Klick

Klick

The available functions depend on which graphic you currently work with
and which product you use. Find more information in the online help.
 17

2.7.3 Select

Analogous to the zoom function, the value chart also contains a selection
function. In case of an active value chart of individuals, click on the fol-
lowing icon and different selection methods are avail-
able . Using the select function, you can delete or
exclude single measurement values or value ranges from the evaluation.
Find more information about the selection methods in the online help.

The available functions depend on which graphic you currently work with
and which product you use. Find more information in the online help.

2.7.4 Regression

Use this function by clicking on the following button .

Two bars are displayed. Use them to narrow the value range for the re-
gression calculation.

3 Data Recording
Edit and extend test plans by using the data recording mask (part mask,
characteristic mask and value mask). Use the corresponding icons
or the Edit menu to switch to the desired entry mask. If you cre-
ate a new test plan, the corresponding part mask and characteristic
mask open automatically.
18 1x1 qs-STAT

3.1 Create New Test Plan

The following section explains how to enter data yourself.

Click on the following icon or on the File menu and select File new.

The Create new characteristic

window opens. Define how
many characteristics of the
respective characteristic type
you want to create for the new
test plan. Use one of the De-
fault buttons to define single
characteristics information as
standard information for all
characteristics. Click on the
OK button to close the dialog
box. The part mask and char-
acteristic mask open.

3.1.1 Part Mask

Click on the on the following icon to open the part mask.
In the part mask, enter information relevant to the identification of the test
plan or part, such as the part serial number and the part description. Fur-
ther information can be entered and is possibly relevant to the identifica-
tion, but it is not required at first.
Data Recording 19

3.1.2 Characteristics Mask

Click on the following icon to open the characteristic mask.
Enter information about a characteristic in the characteristic mask, such
as the description, the nominal value and the specification limits. Further
information is not required at first.

Append more characteristics for a part by clicking on the following icon

to open the parts and characteristics list.
In the parts and characteristics list, click on the desired part once and
then right-click on it. A context menu opens. Select the Append new cha-
racteristic menu item. If you click on a characteristic instead of a part,
you can insert and delete characteristics or create subordinate character-
istics.

3.1.3 Values Mask

Click on the following icon to open the value mask.
You can display only the values of a single characteristic in the value
mask or you can display all characteristics next to each other. Select
your desired display in the value mask in the Display option value mask
window. Under Display the characteristics click on the Special button
and then on the Value mask display icon .
A minimum number of measurement values and samples is required for
certain evaluations. If there are fewer values than required, the evalua-
tion is not displayed.
To enter additional data, it is required to access the corresponding, exist-
ing catalog definition. You can take additional data from the definition.
Configure additional data by using the Display context menu and select
Additional data. Then they can be displayed.
The software uses the catalog of the active database as standard. To
access the catalog contents of the additional data fields, double-click on
the respective additional data field in the value mask or tap the space
bar.
20 1x1 qs-STAT

3.2 Takeover / Import Data

The simplest way to take over data is to copy it using the clipboard. It is
required that the source data is available, for example, in an EXCEL ta-
ble that is sorted by characteristic column by column. Highlight and copy
the data you want to take over (you can only highlight as many columns
as characteristics have been created). Switch to the value mask and
paste the file. Similarly, you can copy and paste multiple characteristics
and / or additional data such as time / date, batch and so on.
You can also import TXT and CSV files by selecting the File menu and
Import text files.
Note: The measurement values of every single characteristic must
be available column by column.

3.3 Save Data

There are two major ways to save data. Click on
File – Save / Save as to store data in a file or
File – Save to database to store data in the database.
If you want to store large amounts of data in the database, use the Data-
base Upload.
Please note that the trial version is restricted. The trial version cannot
save data.

3.4 Evaluate Data after Data Input

If you change data, the data has to be evaluated again. If not, the
changes are not saved.
Click on the Execute evaluation button to evaluate the data.
The standard evaluation is described in chapter 2 First Evaluation.
Configuration 21

3.5 Further Functions

Find out more about further functions in the online help.
 linear transformation (input simplification)
 additional data
 input sequence
 connect characteristics
online data recording


4 Configuration
Although the configuration is not part of the basics, this chapter gives a
short overview of possible customer-specific settings.

4.1 Configure Graphics

You can find the graphic configuration functions in the tool bar. Only the
buttons that can be used in connection with the selected graphic are ac-
tive.

These buttons change

 the font
 the colors
 the language
 lines, symbols, the 3-dimensional display
 the grid, grid lines
 the rotational direction of graphics.
22 1x1 qs-STAT

These buttons offer

 limit values, statistical values
 a value axis
 an additional data axis
 quantiles
 special graphic-related functions such as
o moving averages
o separating value charts
o information values
o displaying histograms
o confidence region probability degree.

A right-click on the respective window opens a dialog box displaying all

the configuration possibilities clearly arranged.

4.2 Adapt Numerical Output Formats

The output points in the tables and lists under Numeric and Summary
can be customized. Use the Special button to switch the edit mode
for the graphic on . A right-click on the respective area of the
graphic opens a dialog box to adapt the output. The exact procedure and
the available configuration possibilities are dependent on the graphic.

4.3 Adapt Reports

To modify reports, a more profound configuration knowledge or the op-
tional Form Designer is required. Anyway, the reports can be adapted to
a certain extent using the program surface.

One of the most important functions is the modification of the printed

logo in the reports. To adapt the logo to your corporate logo, select Con-
figuration – System settings – Paths. A dialog box opens. Click on the
Change logo button.

The information about the operator, department, cost center and so on is

transferred from the user login (see chapter 4.4 User Login).
Configuration 23

4.4 User Login

To configure the access to the software and to several function groups,
select Configuration – System settings – Users.
You can grant access permissions to certain user groups and you can
enable password protection. If you enable password protection, you
need a password to log in to your account.

4.5 Evaluation Strategy

The evaluation strategy is very important for the results. The software
includes several customized and general evaluation strategies. To
choose an evaluation strategy, select the Configuration menu item and
click on Evaluation.

In the default settings, an exemplary Q-DAS strategy is preset. Use the

flow chart to trace the evaluation process. A click on an element of the
flow chart opens a dialog box for further settings.

You can select one of the predefined strategies but you can also define
and adjust new, individual strategies. To adjust the evaluations to your
requirements, select the Configuration menu item and click on Evalua-
tion. Click on the Change button. Enter “SUPERUSER” in the User name
and Password input field (if you have not changed your password yet).
Note: You cannot change the evaluation strategies preset in the default
settings and it is not possible to save a new strategy under the same
name.

After defining an own evaluation strategy, confirm the strategy by clicking

on the Save button. Click on OK to exit the evaluation configuration.

Note: The configuration of reports, masks, evaluation strate-

gies and so on should be available to all workstations in
your company. Then, back them up.
24 1x1 qs-STAT

4.6 Catalogs
To enter additional data, it is required to access the corresponding, exist-
ing catalog definition. You can take additional data from the definition.
Configure additional data by using the Display context menu and select
Additional data. Then they can be displayed.
The software uses the catalog of the active database as standard. Click
on the Configuration menu and select System Settings – Catalogs to ac-
cess catalog records from catalog files (e.g. catalag.dfd). Activate the
Catalog data from file option and you can access catalog data from files
instead of from the database. When you have selected this option, use
the Select file button to choose the respective catalog file. Confirm your
choice by clicking on OK.
EasyToUse 25

5 EasyToUse
In addition to the links offered under Programs – Q-DAS QM-TOOLS –
Q-DAS ME x – [Product], you can also select the link [Product name] –
Easy2use.
Use this link to start the respective software product with a specially con-
figured button bar.
In the Registration dialog box, select the user
name „easy2use“ and confirm your choice by
clicking on OK.

This product version offers not only the preconfig-

ured button bar but also a data entry mask that
was reduced to a minimum field number.

5.1 Reduced Part / Characteristic Mask

26 1x1 qs-STAT

5.2 Button Bar

Test planning buttons
Click on the Part new button to create a new part.
The corresponding part mask opens. Enter the
available part (product) information.
Use the Characteristic new button to create the re-
quired characteristics. The corresponding characte-
ristic mask for the recording of characteristic-
specific information is displayed automatically. Each
click on the Characteristic new button appends one
further characteristic to the test plan. If you want to
transfer data online via RS232 interface, select the
connected gage in the Recording type field.
Click on Save to file the new test plan in a prede-
fined directory. Use the Change button to open part
/ characteristic masks again. There you can change
the header data subsequently or add further infor-
mation etc.
Click on Close to close the new test plan. If you
have not saved it yet, you are prompted to save be-
fore closing.
Measurement buttons
Click on Record to open existing test plans or to
record measurement values.
Results buttons
Use the Result button to open the Parts selection
dialog box displaying a list of your test plans. Select
a test plan and click on OK to close the dialog box.
Now, the respective test plan is loaded and eva-
luated. Click on Statistic, Summary, C values or Box
plot to open the evaluation results and to display
them using the selected graphics. To display and
print reports c statistical values and graphics, click
on the Print report button.
Index 27

6 Index

A F
additional data · 21, 24 F-Test · 12

B G
Box Plot · 13 Gage · 10
Button Bar · 26
H
C
Histogram · 10
Catalogs · 24
Characteristics Mask · 19 I
Characteristics Statistics · 14
Cm · 14 Import Data · 20
Cmk · 14 Individuals · 12
confidence region · 22 Individuals Chart · 9
Configuration · 21
Configurations · 15 L
Correlation · 14
Cp · 14 limit values · 22
Cpk · 14 linear transformation · 21
Cumulative Line · 10
C-Values · 14
M
D maximum value · 13
Median · 13
data recording · 21
Data Recording · 17
Database · 20
N
Distribution selection · 12 Numeric · 12

E O
EasyToUse · 25 online data recording · 21
Evaluation · 20
Evaluation · 9
Execute evaluation · 20 P
Part Mask · 18
positional tolerance · 14
28 1x1 qs-STAT

Pp · 14 T
Ppk · 14
Process Capability Analysis · 8 Takeover Data · 20
process variation · 13 Test Procedures · 12
Program Surface · 7 t-Test · 12

Q U
QCC · 11 Users · 23
Quality Control Chart · 11
quantiles · 22 V
Quantiles · 10
Value plot individuals · 10
R Values Mask · 19

Range · 15 W
Regression · 17
Reports · 14 workspace · 7

S Z
Select · 17 Zoom · 16
statistical values · 22
Statistical Values · 11
Summary · 12