21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD

“You are not enclosed within your bodies, nor confined to houses or fields. That which is you dwells above the
mountain and roves with the wind."

Kahlil Gibran
Born in 1883 in northern Ottoman Lebanon, Gibran received no schooling, but enjoyed informal religious and
language lessons from a priest. His father's gambling brought the family to financial ruin, which prompted his mother
to emigrate with her children to the United States. A registration error upon arrival in Boston created the name 'Kahlil'
instead of the correct Khalil.

The Prophet(1923)
Kahlil Gibran

The Prophet is a book of prose poetry that made its Lebanese-American author famous. Commonly found in gift
shops and frequently quoted at weddings or any occasion where uplifting 'spiritual' thoughts are required, the work has
never been a favorite of intellectuals - to some readers it may seem a bit twee or pompous - yet its author was a
genuine artist and scholar whose wisdom was hard-earned.

The Prophet begins with a man named Almustafa living on an island call Orphalese. Locals consider him something of
a sage, but he is from elsewhere, and has waited twelve years for the right ship to take him home. From a hill above
the town, he sees his ship coming into the harbor, and realizes his sadness at leaving the people he has come to know.
The elders of the city ask him not to leave. He is asked to tell of his philosophy of life before he goes, to speak his
truth to the crowds gathered. What he has to say forms the basis of the book.

The Prophet provides timeless spiritual wisdom on a range of subjects, including giving, eating and drinking, clothes,
buying and selling, crime and punishment, laws, teaching, time, pleasure, religion, death, beauty, and friendship.
Corresponding to each chapter are evocative drawings by Gibran himself.

Love and marriage

Foolish is the person, the prophet says, who 'would seek only love's peace and love's pleasure', for to wish this leads to
less of a person, who has seen less pain but also less pure joy. The prophet says: "When love beckons to you, follow
him/Though his ways are hard and steep".

We cannot wish for love to reach only a certain measure, or to presume that we can direct the way its course, "for love,
if it finds you worthy, directs your course." As much as love allows for our growth, it also acts to prune us so that we
grow straight and tall.
When questioned about marriage, the prophet departs from the conventional wisdom that it involves two people
becoming one. A true marriage gives both people space to develop their individuality, in the same way, that "the oak
tree and the cypress grow not in each other's shadow".

Work
It is not just the loss of a wage or even status that is so disheartening, but the feeling that you have been left out of the
normal procession of life. Neither is it enough just to work for money alone. People think of work as a curse, the
prophet says, but in doing your work "you fulfill a part of earth's furthest dream, assigned to you when that dream was
born." Through work, you express your love for whoever will benefit from it and satisfy your own need to create.
Those who enjoy their work know that it is a secret to fulfillment, that we can be saved through what we do.

Sorrow and pain

Sorrow carves out our being, says the prophet, but the space it makes provides room for more joy in another season of
life. In one of his standout lines, he remarks, "Your pain is the breaking of the shell that encloses your understanding."
Try to marvel at your pain as another experience of precious life. If you can do this, you can be more serene about
your emotions, like the passing of the seasons.
Few realize, the prophet says, that suffering is the means to heal ourselves, "the bitter potion by which the physician
within you heals your sick self." Consider, the next time you are in a state of sorrow, that it may have been self-chosen
at some level of your being, to bring about an enlargement of yourself. Without struggles, we would learn nothing
about life.

Property
Guard against the love of houses and things, the prophet warns, for these comforts erode the strength of the soul. If
you attach yourself too much to the domestic luxuries of life, "Your house shall not be an anchor but a mast." You will
be tied to it when the ship sinks.

Freedom
The longing for freedom is itself a kind of slavery. When people speak of wanting to be free, often it is aspects of
themselves they are trying to get away from.

Prayer
You cannot ask for anything in prayer, because God already knows your deepest needs. As God is our main need, so
we should not pray for other things but ask for more of God.

The divided self

The prophet likens the soul to a battlefield, in which our reason and passion seem eternally opposed. Yet it does not do
much good to fight either: You have to be a peacemaker, loving all your warring elements before you can heal
yourself.

The boundless self

The prophet tries to convey to those gathered that the lives we lead on earth represent only a fraction of our larger
selves. We all have 'giant selves' inside us, but we have to first recognize that they may exist. "In your longing for your
giant self lies your goodness", the prophet says. In pursuit of self-knowledge, therefore, we are looking for the best in
ourselves.

Final word
Taken as a whole, Gibran's book is a metaphor for the mystery of life: we come into the world and go back to where
we came from. As the prophet readies himself to board his ship, it is clear that his words refer not to his journey across
the seas but to the world he came from before he was born. His life now seems to him like a short dream.

The book suggests that we should be glad of the experience of coming into the world, even if it seems full of pain
because after death we will see that life had a pattern and a purpose and that what seems to us now as 'good' and 'bad'
will be appreciated without judgment as good for our souls.

The prophet also teaches that the separation we feel from other people and all forms of life while on earth is not real.
We are merely expressions of a greater unity now forgotten. As he looks forward to his journey, Almustafa likens
himself to "a boundless drop in a boundless ocean." To feel yourself to be a temporary manifestation of an infinite
source is greatly comforting, and perhaps accounts for the feeling of peace and liberation many experience in
reading The Prophet.