ST.

AUGUSTINE UNIVERSITY OF TANZANIA

FACULTY OF BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS

DEPARTMENT OF PROCUREMENT AND LOGISTICS, MARKETING

AND HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

Effects of Inspection of Purchases on Procurement Performance in Public Entities: A

Case of Nyamagana District in Mwanza Region

MWENZEGULE, AMANI JONAS

BSCP 82437

A Research Proposal submitted to the Faculty of Business and Economics in partial

fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Bachelor Degree of Science in
Procurement and Supply Chain Management of St Augustine University of Tanzania.

April, 2023
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 DECLARATION

I, MWENZEGULE, AMANI JONASI, declare that this research proposal is my own

original work. All authors’ idea has been acknowledged accordingly. Also, I declare that this

research has not been presented and was not be presented to any other university for similar

or any other degree award.

Name: MWENZEGULE, AMANI JONAS

REG.NO: BSCP 82437

Signature.............................

Date.....................................

i
 CERTIFICATION

The undersigned certifies that he has read and hereby recommends for acceptance by St.

Augustine University of Tanzania a research proposal entitled “T Effects of Inspection of

Purchases on Procurement Performance in Public Entities: A Case of Nyamagana District

in Mwanza Region” in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the Bachelor of

Science in Procurement and Supply Chain Management.

SUPERVISOR'S NAME: DR. PAUL GWALTU

Signature...............................

Date.......................................

ii
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
DECLARATION....................................................................................................................i
CERTIFICATION.................................................................................................................ii
LIST OF TABLES.................................................................................................................v
LIST OF FIGURE................................................................................................................vi
CHAPTER ONE....................................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................1
1.1 Chapter Overview..............................................................................................................1
1.2 Background of the Study...................................................................................................1
1.3 Statement of the Problem.................................................................................................3
1.4 Objectives of the Study......................................................................................................5
1.4.1 General Objective...........................................................................................................5
1.4.2 Specific Objectives..........................................................................................................5
1.6 Significance of the Study....................................................................................................5
1.6.1 To Procuring Entities.......................................................................................................5
1.6.2 To Policy Makers.............................................................................................................6
1.6.3 To Researchers................................................................................................................6
1.7 Limitation of the Study......................................................................................................6
CHAPTER TWO...................................................................................................................7
LITERATURE REVIEW.....................................................................................................7
2.1 Introduction.......................................................................................................................7
2.2 Definition of Key Terms.....................................................................................................7
2.2.1 Inspection........................................................................................................................7
2.2.2 Public Entity....................................................................................................................7
2.2.3 Goods..............................................................................................................................7
2.2.4 Procurement Performance.............................................................................................7
2.3 Theoretical Literature Review............................................................................................8
2.3.1 Procurement Performance in Public Entities.................................................................8
2.4 Empirical Literature Review...............................................................................................9
2.4.1 Roles of Management in Goods Inspection....................................................................9
2.4.2 Training.........................................................................................................................10
2.4.3 Legal Frame Work Compliance.....................................................................................11

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2.5 Research Gap...................................................................................................................12
2.6 Conceptual Frame Work..................................................................................................13
CHAPTER THREE.............................................................................................................15
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.......................................................................................15
3.1 Introduction.....................................................................................................................15
3.2 Research design...............................................................................................................15
3.3 The Study Area.................................................................................................................15
3.4 Research Approach..........................................................................................................15
3.5 Targeted Population........................................................................................................16
3.6 Sample Size and Sampling Procedure..............................................................................16
3.6.2 Sampling Procedure......................................................................................................17
3.7 Data Collection Methods and Instruments......................................................................17
3.7.1 Types and Sources of Data............................................................................................17
3.7.2 Data Collection Methods..............................................................................................17
3.7.2.1 Questionnaire............................................................................................................17
3.7.2.2 Interview....................................................................................................................18
3.8 Data analysis Techniques.................................................................................................18
3.7 Data Analysis....................................................................................................................18
3.8 Validity and Reliability of data.........................................................................................18
3.8.1 Validity of data..............................................................................................................18
3.8.2 Reliability of data..........................................................................................................18
REFERENCES.....................................................................................................................19
APPENDEX 1.......................................................................................................................20
QUESTIONNAIRE.............................................................................................................20

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 LIST OF TABLES

Table 3.1 : Target population...................................................................................................16

Table 3. 2: Sample size.............................................................................................................16

v
 LIST OF FIGURE

Figure 2.1: Conceptual Framework..........................................................................................13

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 CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Chapter Overview

This chapter contains the background of the study, statement of the problem, research

objectives, and research questions, significance of the study and Limitation of the study.

1.2 Background of the Study

Globally ,inspection begun due to sub sub-standard product in the firm, the quality movement

traced back to medieval Europe where Craftsman started organizing into Union called guilds

this guilds was responsible for developing rules and strictly for product and service quality

inspection committee enforced the rules by making flawless goods with special mark or

symbol aim was to trace the fault items and then become reputation for Craftsman and

become proof for customer this model was still dominant until industrial revolution in Great

Britain hence inspection was termed a control of the quality and reflect customer utility of the

products The factory system in Great Britain in the mid-1750 and grow into industrial

revolution in early 1800 ,inspection there after took into consideration so that to have quality

product and to eliminate those fault items and product starting from firm to the market until

reach to the final user of that product so, the rules that was introduced in flawless product

reflected the procurement performance through the quality product trough unions to ensure

they control sub-standard products, also it facilitated customer utility.

In Africa sub-Saharan inspection has been crucial thing since 2001 because since 2001 we

have seen huge business among gangs in trading take off as the manufacturing has been

widen around the world as the global trade lowered and it found that product reach

everywhere due to global lowered barriers as it was reported in East Africa by Kenya

association of manufacturer (KAM, 2007) presented the paper in the parliament on the

weakness of inspection in East Africa region as they received the report on low standard of

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the product which endanger the life of unsuspecting people and the report recommended that

inspection should be controlled until reach to the market and to the port. In 2018 Kenya

introduced standard of approval and goods should be inspected upon arrival and any goods

that do not conform to Kenya standard or specification should be rejected , also in south

Africa in 2021 strictly on the management standard regime in the organization through

south Africa Bureau of standard (SABS) all these was to ensure goods are of quality so that

to reflect procurement performance achievement, during that time the flow of sub-standard

product from western country took place where now Africa is termed as the dumping area of

sub-standard products which affect life standards and quality of the product to the continent

hence during that time inspection was considered as the crucial things to be undertaken so

that to reduce the problem of substandard product and low quality.

In Tanzania currently the subject of inspection has been crucial things to the organization as

many organization has been quick increase in demand of the most organization to find the

best ways to control the idea of inspection to ensure all incoming goods are well controlled

the existing problem in public entities about inspection has been reported several times so

the idea of inspection to ensure quality and also to have procurement performance in public

entities , store keeper are instructed that goods which are awaiting inspection to be

segregated in separate place in store house due to factor that goods are not made available for

issuing before cleared out by inspection department due to fact goods are to be stay and

overloaded in the store , this overloaded was due to waiting of inspection to inspect good

after being received stressed that effective inspection should be undergo with the following

steps planning , matching documents , checking for condition, checking for quality, and

preparation of goods received note.

Having so the problem of quality and substandard product in Tanzania is still exists inspite of

having several institution that are important to address the problems of fake and substandard

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products the main one in Tanzania is Tanzania bureau of standard (TBS) , Tanzania Revenue

Authority (TRA) ,fair competition committee (FCC) ,so they are to ensure quality of the

product so that to reflect performance by ensuring that goods are of quality and reflect value

and cost so all these institution has ensured what needed must be achieved by putting laws

and condition in controlling quality compliance of the goods , but the problem still in the

public entities where there’s negligence in inspection and malpractice where the problems it

needs to be addressed so inspection should be well conducted by special team appointed by

the accounting officer and to ensure the whole process of inspection to be adhered to and that

is according to CAG report for the financial year 2019/2020 , The gap between global, Africa

and Tanzania its where most of problems is in Africa especially Tanzania where the

inspection procedures are not Well undertaken in public entities.

1.3 Statement of the Problem

Procurement of goods in public entities done by following public procurement act (2011)and

its amendment (2016) where it insist that procured goods should be received and inspected by

the authorized team appointed by the accounting officer (AO) for many years has been the

problem of having proper inspection in public entities and caused sub-standard product to be

spread to the institution and this is due to the fact that global trade that lowered cost every

day and cheap price of the product that are preserved by the most customer including the

public entities. So the existing challenge in inspection it is about the goods that procured are

not follow legal frame work, that is why there is complain to the customer about goods being

of substandard and poor quality to most public entities.

The day to day business operating environment is getting more challenging and therefore

companies must strive to increase their operations to stay competitive and retain their

customers(Kabaj, 2013). Managers need to embrace all those business practices that will

improve their competitive advantage and enhance their performance (Moharity, 2011).

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According to Gituro&Bolo (2013), more than 75% of the Organizations in the world have not

yet adopted effective inventory inspection of goods in purchasing and supply. The inspection

of goods of quality-relevant features during the delivery process considerably reduces this

risk (Trepte, 2013). The issues raised in the report included; Poor filingsystem,lack of clear

records, lack of inspection reports and lack of evidence for verification of purchase orders

and contract items. The Act requires a procuring entity to establish procedures and structures

to provide for making decisions relating to procurement activities for the entity.

Ineffectiveness in inspection was found in many public entities as per CAG report for the

financial year 2019/2020 which shows that were received and issued to final utilization

without being inspected by the goods acceptance and the Local Government Authority that

receive goods without being inspected are Kinondoni MC, Babati DC mwanga DC, Simanjiro

DC, kakonko DC, korogwe DC, pangani Dc, Ludewa DC, Hai DC, sikonge DC, kasulu DC,

urambo DC Nzega DC , mbinga DC, Longido DC, to mention the few the CAG report

shown 44 Local governments authority that received goods without being inspected the CAG

report recommended that the accounting officer (AO) should form inspection team and

committee for inspecting the procured goods in public entities so that to obtain value for

money and to utilize the resources within public entities for the buying organization.

Goods inspection in public entities so the study will investigate on the legal frame work

compliance in public entities to look if they are adhered to and what cause problems to occur

if are adhered to, and the expertise in inspection and their influence in public entities , in

contrast with previous research studies the gap to ascertain the impact on effectiveness in

inspection in public entities and proper documentation in goods inspection and their impact to

the organization

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1.4 Objectives of the Study

1.4.1 General Objective

The general objective of the study is to establish the effects of inspection of purchases on

procurement performance in public entities.

1.4.2 Specific Objectives

The research will be guided by the following specific objectives;

i. To examine the roles of management in goods inspection.

ii. To evaluate the effects of trainingon inspection of goods.

iii. To determine the impact of legal frame work compliance in inspection of goods in

public entities.

1.5 Research Questions

i. What are the roles of management in goods inspection on procurement performance

in public entities?

ii. What is the effect of training on Inspection of goods?.

iii. To what extent does compliance to legal frame work in goods inspection results to

procurement performance in public entities?

1.6 Significance of the Study

1.6.1 To Procuring Entities

The study will help the procuring entities to involve both department during inspection

process for the departments that are responsible in inspection so that to eliminates the

problems of fake product and substandard product with poor quality and address legal frame

to be undertaken so that to eliminates malpractice during inspection in public entities and it

will be helpful because areas of weakness will be investigated and undertake proper action.

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1.6.2 To Policy Makers

The study will be significant catalyst to policy maker to formulate different policies and

several ways on how to improve inspection procedures and guide them to come up with

policy to undergo inspection for example policy will be formulated for those who responsible

in inspection to adhere all legal frame work and failure to do there should be penalized.

1.6.3 To Researchers

The study will be helpful as reference when they are undertaking their studies for example if

one to be awarded a degree in procurement this will be useful as the empirical one to cite

it ,also to research are to be helpful when they are undertaking study so the study will add

value to other researchers .

1.7 Limitation of the Study

a) Reading materials are sometimes difficult to get and most of the material are outdated

about the research topic, the researcher will use alternative ways like visiting

university library and regional library to acquire more relevant information about the

study.

b) Money constraints, due to that much money that is needed to accomplish stationary

activities, the researcher will ensure well budgeting, proper use of money so as to

accomplish the work.

c) Poor response from some of the members who are not willing to give participation

during research process, the researcher will work with respondents who are willing to

participate in the study.

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 CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Introduction

This chapter reviews different literature related to this study to add knowledge, refine the

problem and acquire relevant information regarding the research problem. It consist the

definition of key terms,theoretical and empirical literature review, research gap identification

and conceptual framework.

2.2 Definition of Key Terms

2.2.1 Inspection

Inspection Is the process of examining , measuring ,and testing, and comparison of material

or items with the aim of comparison to get procurement performance (Donald 2010) or is a

closely to look at everything is satisfactory therefore inspection is important because it enable

procuring entities to discover damage , breakage , quality and any discrepancies in entities

(Oxford Advanced dictionary 2010)

2.2.2 Public Entity

Procuring entity means a public body and any other body established and mandated by

government to carry out public function public procurement act (PPA 2011) and its

amendment (PPA 2016).

2.2.3 Goods

Goods are raw material , product , Equipment and other physical object of any kind and

description whether in liquid, gaseous form also intangible assets and intellectual property as

well as services (PPA 2011) and its amendment (2016).

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2.2.4 Procurement Performance

Procurement includes the comprehensive process of acquiring goods and services. It begins

when an organization has identified a need and decided on its procurement necessity.

Procurement process undergoes through the processes of risk assessment, delivery of and

payment for the property and services, contract award and, where relevant, the ongoing

management of a contract, seeking and evaluating alternative solutions and consideration of

options related to the contract (Macha, 2021).

2.3 Theoretical Literature Review

2.3.1 Procurement Performance in Public Entities

All public procurement activities are at achieving procurement performance according to

section 49 of PPA (2011) require all procuring entities that the organization should having

well planned procurement both within the procuring entity and between procuring entity so

that to achieve procurement performance theory in public procurement, it built up on three

variables namely economy, efficiency, and effectiveness in which economy represent cost

versus input.

So, on the outcomes and Output in goods inspection in public entity. Procurement

performance Will be achieved through ensuring that product are of conformance so that to

result to desired outcome as intended by the public entity and the desired outcome are

obtained by ensuring compliances to those legal frame, role of management on goods

Inspection and involving the qualifications of personnel on the inspection of goods in

achieving procurement performance in public entity, efficiency is the measure of productivity

(inputs versus products and effectiveness stands for impacts that have been achieved

(outcomes versus output) which can be qualitative and quantitative this implies that all

procuring entities in executing public procurement must ensure compliances with PPA 2011

and 2013 and its amendment ,so this model about procurement performance having

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contribution in public sectors by considering that inspection it’s to look on quality and

quantity and standard ,also procurement performance in public sector has contributed

reduction of malpractice during purchasing by considering price ,and also inspection to

ensure that goods are reflect the what intended by the public sector , procurement

performance also contribute on achieving organization goals that are intended to be reached

in procurement of goods.

Thereafter procurement performance in public sector has its weakness on influencing every

procuring entity to undergo this model that is why we found many reports about low quality

that has been purchased and received and inspected by not considered the procurement

performance as they having neglected to inspect as per CAG report of the financial year

2019/2020 as 44 Local government received goods without being inspected by the goods

inspection and acceptance hence this model of procurement performance in public sector

having weakness in its implementation by the government some organization undertake it but

other do not considering at maximum level hence the weakness of the model.

2.4 Empirical Literature Review

2.4.1 Roles of Management in Goods Inspection

According to Herrity (2023) Management is the coordination and administration of tasks to

achieve a goal. Such administration activities include setting the organization’s strategy and

coordinating the efforts of staff to accomplish these objectives through the application of

available resources.

Bahenga (2018), conducted a research on assessing the procurement performance on

Inspection of goods procedures procured in public sector a case of Temeke municipal ,the

study was undertaken by using a case study of 30 respondent where by purposive, random

sampling techniques were used while questionnaires and interview and documentary review

were used to collect data ,and the finding shows that inspection of goods in public sector

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having problems due to some negligence and of personnel involved in inspection with little or

no participation of the technical skills ,however small weakness were identified on non

responsibility of management unit to emphasize proper inspection of goods procedures.

Therefore was concluded that inspection procedures were important so failure to do so may

lead to failure for the entity to obtain its goal ,Also the study recommended that government

through its institution such as PSPTB and PPRA should ensure that theirs is more follow up

on the adherence procedures for procured goods in public sector and the researcher

recommend that the institution should facilitates staff attending meetings, seminar ,and

training offered by PPRA and PSPTB to ensure effectiveness in inspection for the goods

procured.

2.4.2 Training

According to Beach(1980) defines training as ‘the organized procedure by which people learn

knowledge and/or skill for a definite purpose’. Training refers to the teaching and learning

activities carried on for the primary purpose of helping members of an organization acquire

and apply the knowledge, skills, abilities, and attitudes needed by a particular job and

organization.

Ngekumana (2011)on his study of procurement performance on goods a case study of

ministry of land sand Human settlements the case study was to find out the goods receiving

and inspection procedures used by ministry of land and Human settlements, To assess on the

documents management systems used by ministry of land Housing and Human settlements,

To determine the challenges encounter during receiving and inspection in the ministry of land

and human settlements and the research design used by the research was case study design.

The sample size of the study was 20 respondent, sampling techniques used by the researcher

was purposive sampling, quota sampling and non-probability method, method used to collect

data by the researcher were interview, observation, and documentary review, The research

10
made the following recommendations based on the finding of ministry of land and housing

Human settlements that there should be regular training staff who deals with inspection so as

to be in update of understanding through procedures in receiving and inspection of Goods and

also the ministry of land Housing and Human settlements should establish inspection

committee in inspection of goods regardless to their nature to avoid the bureaucracy and

facilities for inspection should be provided such as handling Equipment and measuring

instrument like measuring tape.

Mahally (2010) on her Evaluation of Effectiveness and inspection of goods in municipal

Hospital A case study of Temeke municipal Hospital the variables used by the researcher to

determine the competent of personnel in receiving and inspection of goods at Temeke

municipal Hospital and the case study design was case study design where by the researcher

used 25 respondent the researcher adopted non probability sampling techniques,

questionnaires, interview and documentary review were used as method of collecting data .

The researcher recommended that focus on underlined public procurement PPA and

procedures to receiving and inspection staff and they should attend to the seminars at

Hospital that would contribute to the effectiveness of receiving and inspection procedures in

municipal Hospital.

Mmoka(2007) in his Evaluation of receiving and inspection procedures a case of Zanzibar

municipal council (ZMC) revealed that due to the important of public sector the management

should take action to employ competent professional staff ,in additional the organization

should separate duties of supplies and management as follows procurement or purchasing

staff should not be engaged in inspection of goods or material inspection should be done by

assigned person or group of people who are professional qualified ,store person should be

responsible for the custody of the stock and the organization should not entertain the

bureaucracy.

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In his paper recommended that training of supplies staff in order to acquire knowledge and

skills to justify and ascertain delivery of all incoming goods and outgoing goods and

materials.

2.4.3 Legal Frame Work Compliance

European committee Trade mark (ECTA) Anti counterfeit committee (2012) conducted a

research on inspection of sub-standard Goods in transit and found that the practice of

traffickers to stimulate European origin by transiting uninspected goods through the

European that harm the reputation of European industries and the substandard quality and

fake product has effect on European industries and product in destination. European

committee Trade mark recommended that its necessary to strengthen the right of action to

counterfeit goods in transit for benefit of European industries and trade mark owner and the

European parliament should strengthen the boarder inspection measures and regulation to

find against infringing goods in transit goods that violate the required standard.

2.5 Research Gap

Bahenga(2018) conducted a study on procurement performance on goods inspection and

procedures for procured goods in public sector and analyzed procedures during inspection

and documents used during inspection for the goods procured in the public entity so the study

will analyze the effects of management and procurement performance achievement in public

entity hence ascertain a gap.

Ngekumana (2011) conducted a study on procurement performance and inspection function

of goods and it aimed to determine the challenges during inspection in municipal Hospital

and the study evaluated that in municipal Hospital there is no effectiveness, So this study will

look on how legal frame compliance and what their impact hence ascertain the gap.

Mmoka ((2007 ) conducted a study on Evaluation and procurement performance on

inspection procedures the study evaluated challenges and also qualification of expertise

12
during inspection of goods , However the above studies have looked at goods inspection and

procedures and level of competent, and their contribution in public sector , The study will

Evaluate on the compliances to legal frame work in goods inspection and procurement

performance in public entity through efficiency and effectiveness , Hence presenting a

content gap that this study will cover.

Mashally (2010) On her evaluation of procurement performance and inspection o goods in

Municipal Hospital and aiming to determine the competent on of personnel in receiving and

inspecting goods at Temeke Municipality so the study will identify on the contribution of

those qualified personnel and their influence in the public entity , The gap with those studies

is ascertained for what they didn’t considered how those qualified personnel will enable for

the organization to obtain procurement performance in public entity.

2.6 Conceptual Frame Work

Is a set of broad ideas and theories that help researcher to properly identify the problem they

are looking at frame their questions and find its suitable literature so that to obtain variables

both independent and dependent variables in the topic According to symth (2004)

The following are the operationalization of the variables as shown below

Independent variable Dependent

variable

Role of management in goods inspection

Training
Procurement Performance

Legal framework compliance in

inspection of goods

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Figure 2.1: Conceptual Framework

Roles of management in goods inspection in public entities; when there is proper

management it ensure efficient and effectiveness in the organization, also help to ensure that

there is greater compliance to quality, quantity and standard of product to obtain procurement

performance in public sector.

Training; According to Beach (1980) defines training as‘ the organized procedure by which

people learn knowledge and/or skill for a definite purpose’. Training refers to the teaching

and learning activities carried on for the primary purpose of helping members of an

organization acquire and apply the knowledge, skills, abilities, and attitudes needed by a

particular job and organization.

When there is training to the stuff members about how to inspect goods, and motivating them

to attend on meeting and seminars to improve their skills on the inspection of goods can

increase procurement performance in public entities.

Compliance to legal frame work; Level of adherence to legal frame work it will result to great

impact to the organization in procurement performance, when there is compliance to legal

frame work without any malpractice during inspection hence achieving procurement

performance by following the regulation of the public act of 2011 and its amendment 2016 it

will ensure procurement performance is being obtained.

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 CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1 Introduction

This part covers an explanation of the study area, research design, research approach, targeted

population, sampling procedure and sample size, data collection methods and data analysis

methods.

3.2 Research design

Research design is a plan that provides direction towards which the researchers obtains the

knowledge and the type of data they are searching for. In this study researcher will use

descriptive research approach. According to Atmowardoyo (2018), descriptive research

helps to provide an accurate and systematic description of population, situations or

phenomena.

3.3 The Study Area

The study will be conducted at the Nyamagana district in Mwanza region. The selection of

Nyamagana district is because there are various cases of sub standards goods in various

public entities.

3.4 Research Approach

The term "research approach" refers to the strategies and processes that a researcher follows

while implementing data collection, analysis, and interpretation techniques (Mertens, 2019).

The researcher used a mixed approach, using both qualitative and quantitative methods. The

15
qualitative method included data collection through interviews and documentary reviews.

Additionally, in the quantitative method, data are gathered using a survey questionnaire. A

mixed research approach is one in which qualitative and quantitative methodologies, research

concepts, approaches, and characteristics are combined in a single study (Johnson &

Christensen, 2017).

3.5 Targeted Population

Louise (2018) described the target population as the group of individuals that the intervention

intends to conduct research and to draw conclusion. In this study the targeted population will

be Head of procurement Management unit, store officers, User department.

Table 3.1 : Target population

Unit Number of Population

Head of procurement Management unit 01
Store officers 05
User departments, such as accountancy, Human resource, 14
market and sales.
Total 20

3.6 Sample Size and Sampling Procedure

3.6.1 Sample Size

Kibuacha (2021) define sample size as the number of individuals included in a research study

to represent a population. The sample size references the total number of respondents

included in a study, and the number is often broken down into sub-groups by demographics

such as age, gender, and location so that the total sample achieves represents the entire

population. Therefore the sample size will draw from the total population of 20 people such

as Head of procurement Management unit , store officers and user department.

Table 3. 2: Sample size

Unit Population Sample Size

Head of procurement Management unit 01 01

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 Store officers 5 5
User departments, such as accountancy, Human 14 14
resource, market and sales.
Total 20 20
3.6.2 Sampling Procedure

According to Matto (2017) Sampling procedure refer to the process of selecting individual

from a population that contains element representation of the characteristics found in the

entire group. Judgmental sampling, also called purposive sampling or authoritative sampling,

is a non-probability sampling technique that will be used in this study in which the sample

members are chosen only on the basis of the researcher’s knowledge and judgment. The store

keeper officers will be used since they are better knowledgeable about inspection of goods.

3.7 Data Collection Methods and Instruments

3.7.1 Types and Sources of Data

3.7.1.1 Primary data

Wagh (2023) defined Primary data as the type of data that has been generated by the

researcher himself/herself, questionnaire, interviews, specially designed for understanding

and solving the research problem, Therefore primary data will be employed in this study to

help the researcher to meet with his research goals.

3.7.2 Data Collection Methods

Surveys will be used to gather information, including questionnaires. Interviews will also

conducted as part of the research, to assure the validity and reliability of the data acquired,

the researchers will use a variety of data gathering methodologies as detailed in the following

sections

3.7.2.1 Questionnaire

The researcher will collect data from respondents using a questionnaire survey. An organized

questionnaire will be used to gather data will consist mostly of a list of questions with clear

17
instructions and room for responses. It utilize to elicit factual data on respondents' ideas and

perspectives on each study issue. The researcher will employ a questionnaire survey to reach

a large number of individuals at a minimal cost.

3.7.2.2 Interview

An interview refers to series of questions asked by the researcher during the interview

(Kothari, 2009). In this research, semi-structured interviews with heads of procurement

manager and store keeper officers will be employed as one of the data gathering strategies.

As a result, an interview guide will create on each study topic as a data-gathering instrument.

3.8 Data analysis Techniques

3.7 Data Analysis

This involves analysis of data collected in relation to the particular research objectives and

questions to find out whether the findings give the result on the research study (Alphonce

2020). A researcher will collect data through editing, coding, charts and frequency to

examine the relationships between the independent and dependent variables. This approach

will be applicable since will enable the researcher ability to make conclusion and

recommendations based on the responded questionnaire by the organization concerning the

project.

3.8 Validity and Reliability of data

3.8.1 Validity of data

A validity test is conducted to ascertain if the data collecting instrument is capable of

facilitating the gathering of the desired data Kimberlin &Winterstein, 2008). The content

validity of the research questionnaire which will be established in this study by conferring

with the assigned supervisor, whose opinion is regarded enough for assessing the instrument's

validity.

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3.8.2 Reliability of data

Reliability of data is the extent to which data collection technique yield consistent findings

(Watson et all, 2019). It is the degree to which an instrument measures the same way each

time under the same condition. The reliability of data will be tested from different department

sited as the sample to ensure the accuracy and completeness of information through

questionnaire.

REFERENCES

Macha J, (2021).Public procurement and distribution", in Knight L, Harland C, Telgen

Public Procurement and distribution: International Case

Herrity, (2023), "Strategic procurement in Tanzania local government: the role of elected

members", Journal of Public Procurement and distribution.

Ngekumana K,(2011). Human Resource Management, eighth Edition, Kogan: London.

Mahallya M, (2010). Purchasing and Supply Management; 4 th Edition. Pearson Publishers:

Fedman, M.J., (2011). Strategic Purchasing and Supply Chain Management. 2 nd Edition .Bell

and Bain Ltd; Glasgow: Washington, DC, London

Gareth W, (2012). Purchasing Materials; 5th Edition. British Press: Prentice Hall: Great

Britain

Moharity P, (2011). Purchasing Principles and Management, eighth edition, Prentice

Hall: Great Britain

Kabaj,(2013)i J.M., (2), Quality Control and Quality Assurance; 3rd Edition. Pitman

Publishers:

London

Gituro W., and Bolo, A.,. (2013). Inspection of goods in purchasing and supply.

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URT, (2016). Public Procurement Act and it's (Amendment ,2016 ) public procurement

practices: A case study on public-procurement issues in Tanzania.

URT,(2011)). Public procurement Act , section 49:

APPENDEX 1

QUESTIONNAIRE

My name is MWENZEGULE AMANI JONAS a third-year student pursuing the Bachelor

of Science in Procurement and supply chain management at St. Augustine University of

Tanzania. I am currently doing a research on the Effect of inspection of purchases on

procurement performance: A case of Mwanza region in public entities.

Kindly, I am seeking for your fully participation in this study concerned, specifically for the

questions provided from the first part up to the last part, and your responses will enable to

fulfil the report writing.

Thank you in advance.

SECTION A: DEMOGRAPHIC INFORMATION

This questionnaire contains four Parts. Kindly respond to all questions in all four sections by

ticking in the space provided or by explaining your opinion briefly on the space provided.

(Kindly tick where appropriate)

1. What is your Gender?

(a)Male ( )

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 (b) Female ( )
2. What is your Age?

(a) 15-35 years ( )

(b) 36-45 years ( )
(c) 46-55 years ( )
(d) Above 55 years

3. What are your terms of Employment?

(a) Permanent ( )
(b) Contract ( )
(c) Casual/Temporary ( )

4. What is your level of Education?

(a) Certificates ( )
(b) Diploma ( )
(c) Degree and above ( )
(d) None of above ( )
5. Which Position do you hold in your organization?

(a) Top level manager ( )

(b) Middle level Managers ( )
(c) Supervisory level ( )
(d) Operative ( )
SECTION B: The roles of management in goods inspection on procurement

performance.

.Put (√) the scale against each statement whereas: 1=strong agree 2= Agree
3=Neutral 4=Disagree
QUESTION 1 2 3 4

1 Is there any roles of management in goods inspection in your

entity?

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 2 Is management helps in inspection of goods in your entity?

SECTION C: The effects of training on Inspection of goods on procurement

performance in your entity.

.Put (√) the scale against each statement whereas: 1=strong agree 2= Agree
3=Neutral 4=Disagree
QUESTION 1 2 3 4

1 Are there any effects of training on Inspection of goods in your

entity?

2 If there any improvement on performing inspection through that

training?

SECTION D: The impact of legal frame work compliance in inspection of goods in

public entity.

.Put (√) the scale against each statement whereas: 1=strong agree 2= Agree

3=Neutral 4=Disagree

QUESTION 1 2 3 4

1 Is there any legal frame work compliance in inspection of

goods in your entity?

2 If there is legal frame work compliance in inspection of goods,

is being implemented effectively in your entity?

Put (√) the scale against each statement whereas: 1=strong agree 2= Agree

3=Neutral 4=Disagree

QUESTION 1 2 3 4

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1. Involvement of user department in inspection of goods

2. Inspection of goods is accordance to legal frame work

3. Procurement managers and store keepers ensures the

implementation of inspection of goods

4. Inspection of goods is being in implementation on time

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