Name: Tsion Negussie

ID: 1301034

Discuss classification of personality.

We can classify humans in two type which are natural (physical) and juridical (artificial or
legal).

i. Natural (Physical) Persons: refers an individual person who are born with physical bodies
and possess natural rights and responsibilities and have the capacity to act and make
decisions, and they are subject to the laws and regulations of the society in which they
reside. Natural persons have fundamental rights, such as the right to life, liberty, and
property, and they are entitled to legal protections and equal treatment under the law.
ii. Juridical (Artificial or Legal) Persons: are recognized by law as having legal rights and
responsibilities similar to those of natural persons. they are created by law and can
include corporations, non-profit organizations, government agencies, and other legal
entities. Juridical persons have the ability to enter into contracts, own property, sue or be
sued, and engage in legal transactions. They are subject to specific laws and regulations
that govern their formation, operation, and dissolution.

Discuss function of law

i. Social control:- is important to control the behaviors of society who may have different
behavior’s, social life and interests. And also laws have various aspects of social
behavior, such as criminal offenses, civil disputes, family matters, employment
relationships, and environmental protection. They establish guidelines for acceptable
conduct, define rights and obligations, and provide mechanisms for resolving conflicts.
ii. Dispute settlement:- Laws serve as a means to achieve justice by setting standards for
ethical behavior, punishing wrongdoing, and resolving disputes in a fair and impartial
manner. They provide a system of checks and balances to prevent abuse of power and
ensure accountability.
iii. Social change:- Laws can be used as a tool for social change by addressing societal
issues, promoting equality, and protecting vulnerable groups. They can be instrumental in
advancing human rights, combating discrimination, and promoting social justice.
iv. Facilitating economic growth and development: Laws play a crucial role in promoting
economic stability and growth by providing a legal framework for business transactions,
contracts, property rights, and intellectual property protection. They create a predictable
environment that encourages investment, innovation, and entrepreneurship.
Therefore the function of law is to provide a system of rules and regulations that governs society,
promotes order, protects individual rights, and facilitates the smooth functioning of various
aspects of human life.
Discuss law making process.
There are many steps in low making process which are
1.Proposal: it can come from various sources, such as government officials, interest groups, or
individual citizens. The proposal is often drafted as a bill, which outlines the details and
provisions of the proposed law.
2. Introduction: The bill is then introduced in the legislative body, such as the parliament or
congress. The member of the legislative body who sponsors the bill presents it to their colleagues
for consideration. The bill is usually assigned a number and referred to a specific committee for
further examination.
3. Committee Review: The bill is thoroughly reviewed and analyzed by the committee
responsible for its subject matter. The committee may hold hearings, gather expert opinions, and
conduct research to assess the potential impact and feasibility of the proposed law. They may
also make amendments or revisions to the bill.
4. Floor Debate and Voting: Once the committee review is complete, the bill is presented to the
entire legislative body for debate and voting. During this stage, legislators have the opportunity
to express their opinions, ask questions, and propose further amendments. The bill may undergo
further revisions based on these discussions.
5. Passage: If the majority of legislators vote in favor of the bill, it is considered passed in the
legislative body where it was introduced. However, in bicameral systems (where there are two
separate legislative bodies), the bill must also be approved by the other chamber before it can
proceed.
6. Executive Approval: After passing both legislative bodies, the bill is sent to the executive
branch (such as the president or prime minister) for approval. The executive can either sign the
bill into law, veto it (rejecting it), or let it become law without signing it (if no action is taken
within a specified time period).
7. Judicial Review: Once a law is enacted, it may be subject to judicial review by the courts. This
means that individuals or organizations can challenge the law's constitutionality or its
compliance with other legal principles. If a court determines that a law is unconstitutional or
violates other legal standards, it may be struck down or modified.