18th Century Novel:

What is novel?
A “novel” is a fictitious prose Tale of considerable length with
characters representing those of “real life” in a plot at least 50,000
words.

Characteristics:
 A fictional prose work
 Usually divided into chapters
 Relatively long and often complex plot
 Story traditionally develops through the
 Thoughts and actions of its characters.

Elements:
1.Plot
2. Character
3. Narrative (Style of presentation )
4. Time and action
5. Place of action
6. Writers Philosophy or attitude towards life.
 Historical Perspectives:
 First Time Characteristics of the novel seen into Geoffrey
Chaucer’s “The Canterbury Tales”
 John Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s progress 1678
 Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe (1719), Moll Flanders
(1722)
 Jonathan Swift’s “Gulliver Travels” 1726 ( Four Parts)
 In 18th century 1740 Novel’s perfect form developed by
Samuel Richardson.
 He was a First English Novelist Who gave first English
Perfect novel “Pamela”(1740) and second Addition “The
virtue Rewarded” (1741) in form of Epistolary .

Features Of 18th Century Novel :

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  Conflict between science and religion.
 Moral decay.
 Medievalism.
 Child Labor.
 Suffering of the working class people.
 Social manners.
 Conflict between faith and doubt.
 Theme of the love and hater.
 Exploring the world.

Types of the 18th Century Novels :

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  Epistolary novel
 Realistic novel
 Philosophic novel
 Epic novel
 Experimental novel (meta-novel)
 Bildungsroman

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 Samuel Richardson (1689 – 1761):
 He was (19 August 1689 -4 July 1761) an 18th century
English writer and printer.
 Very little Education and did not go beyond English.
 He Expanded the dramatic possibility of the novel by his
invention and use of the letter form.
 He Established the novel as we know it: along prose
narrative concerned with the
 Actual world and the men and women who inhabit it.
 He created the novel of character.

Richardson Notable works:

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  Pamela or Virtue Rewarded
 The Apprentice’s vade mecum (1734)
 Pamela in her Exalted Condition as “Clarissa “in 1741.

Henry Fielding (1707- 1754)

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  Novelist and Dramatist in 18th century Born on April
22,1707 in England
 Educated from Eton college.
 Deep knowledge of Life In order to make a living for
himself ,he began to write Plays and faces tor the
stage.
 Father of English Novel
 Founder of The English Realistic novel
 He Criticized Government and Social conventions.

Novels of Henry Fielding:

 Joseph Andrews: first novel of Fielding published in
1741.

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  A parody of Richardson’s Pamela.
 In this novel main hero Joseph Andrews is brother
of Pamela.
 The book turns quickly a great novel of” comic epic
in prose
 The History of Tom Jones (1749): Masterpiece of
Fielding. Some 40 characters paper in Tom johns
novel.
 This comic novel of Fielding. Novel of picaresque
and long novel of Henry Fielding.( 18 books)
 Other Novels:
 Jonathan wild (1743)
 Amelia (1751)

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Tobias Smallet (1721-1771)
 Full name Tobias George Smallett
 Scottish satirical novelist, best known for his picaresque
novels
 He utilized – The picaresque novel
 The hero is roguery

Major Novels:
 The adventures Of Roderick Random (picaresque)
 The Expedition of Humphrey Clinker
 The adventures of peregrine Pickle (Epistolary)
 The adventures of Ferdinand, Count Fathom
 The adventures of sir Lancelot Greaves

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Jonathan Swift:
 A Brilliant satirist
 The simplicity of the style and diction give the effect of parody
combing ironic.
 A controversial writer:
 Conservative about what concerned with politics and society
 Optimistic on his age and Pride of man
 Hater of man
 An instrument that must be used properly b
 An error judgement and therefore unreasonable.

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 Famous work:
 Gulliver’s Travels His Hallmark.
 “ A Tale of a Tub “ his controversial work.

Graphical Representation:

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 Laurence Sterne (1713-1768)
 Irish Novelist and an Anglican Clergyman
 Published many sermons
 Published The single most idiosyncratic novel of
the century
 Experiments with Organization of the novel.

Works of the Sterne:

 Tristam Shandy (1759)
 Mr.Yorik And Maria.
 Mr.Yorik and Maria is a Sentimental Journey through
France and Italy.

Graphical Representation:

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