Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Analysis of The Microstructure and Properties of T92 Steel After Long-Term Service
Analysis of The Microstructure and Properties of T92 Steel After Long-Term Service
net/publication/328506149
CITATIONS READS
0 103
5 authors, including:
Grzegorz Golański
Czestochowa University of Technology
136 PUBLICATIONS 1,045 CITATIONS
SEE PROFILE
All content following this page was uploaded by Marek Sroka on 29 October 2018.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: The purpose of the investigation was to determine and analyse the changes in the
microstructure and mechanical properties of the T92 steel after service in creep conditions of
the following parameters: temperature – 575°C, pressure – 28.2 MPa, service time – 41914 hrs.
Design/methodology/approach: The tests were performed on the test samples taken
from a pipe section of a steam superheater after long-term service. The range of the
investigations included: microstructural investigation – the optical and SEM microscopy, the
analysis of precipitation – carbide isolates, the investigation of mechanical properties: the
Vickers hardness measurement, the impact test and static tensile test.
Findings: The performed tests showed a slight degree of exhaustion of the structure of the
analysed T92 steel. The relatively small changes in the microstructure of the examined steel
were reflected in the still retained high mechanical properties.
Research limitations/implications: he analysis of the microstructure of the examined
steel using SEM was performed to determine the influence of the service on the processes
of changes in the precipitate morphology.
Practical implications: The metal science investigation of the sections taken from the
elements of the power installations after long-term service is one of the basic elements of
building the data base of materials and their joints used in the power industry. The results
obtained from the performed research constitute a building block for the degradation
characteristics of the microstructure and mechanical properties of martensitic steels of the
9-12%Cr type.
Originality/value: The results of investigation and analysis of the metallographic and
mechanical properties of martensitic T92 steel after long-term service are presented.
Keywords: Power industry, T92 steel, Microstructure, Mechanical properties, Precipitate
Reference to this paper should be given in the following way:
A. Merda, K Klimaszewska, M. Sroka, P. Wieczorek, G. Golański, Analysis of the
microstructure and properties of T92 steel after long-term service, Archives of Materials
Science and Engineering 93/1 (2018) 5-11.
PROPERTIES
© Copyright by International OCSCO World Press. All rights reserved. 2018 RESEARCH PAPER 5
A. Merda, K Klimaszewska, M. Sroka, P. Wieczorek, G. Golański
,QWURGXFWLRQ
1. Introduction DOZD\V UHIOHFW WKH WLPH RI UHDO VHUYLFH RI WKH JLYHQ
PDWHULDO LQ WKH SRZHU XQLW LQVWDOODWLRQV 7KHUHIRUH PDQ\
5DLVLQJ WKH SDUDPHWHUV RI ZRUN RI WKH SRZHU XQLWV WR VFLHQWLILF UHVHDUFK FHQWUHV UXQ H[SHULPHQWV WR GHWHUPLQH
OLPLW WKHLU DGYHUVH LPSDFW RQ WKH HQYLURQPHQW DQG WKH LQIOXHQFH RI VHUYLFH WLPH RQ WKH FKDQJHV LQ WKH
DFKLHYLQJWKHJURZWKRIHIILFLHQF\LVSRVVLEOHDVDUHVXOWRI PLFURVWUXFWXUH DQG PHFKDQLFDO SURSHUWLHV RI WKH VHFWLRQV
GHVFULELQJ DQG LPSOHPHQWLQJ PRGHUQ FUHHSUHVLVWLQJ WDNHQIURPDSRZHUXQLWLQVWDOODWLRQ,WDOORZVGHWHUPLQLQJ
PDWHULDOV LQWR WKH SRZHU LQGXVWU\ 2QH RI VXFK PRGHUQ WKH LQIOXHQFH RI WKH VHUYLFH SDUDPHWHUV RQ WKH GHJUHH RI
FRQVWUXFWLRQPDWHULDOVXVHGLQWKH3ROLVKSRZHULQGXVWU\LV GHJUDGDWLRQRIWKHVWHHO>@7KHUHVXOWVRIWKHWHVWVRI
KLJKFKURPLXP PDUWHQVLWLF ;&U:0R91E1 73 7 VWHHO DIWHU DURXQG KRXUV RI ZRUN LQ WKH
VWHHO 7KH 73 VWHHO ZDV GHYHORSHG LQ -DSDQ LQ WKH ODWH FRQGLWLRQVRIFUHHSZKLFKDUHSUHVHQWHGLQWKHSDSHUDUH
¶V DV D UHVXOW RI WKH PRGLILFDWLRQ DQG RSWLPLVDWLRQ RI RQHRIWKHVWDJHVRIEXLOGLQJDGDWDEDVHQHFHVVDU\IRUWKH
WKH FKHPLFDO FRPSRVLWLRQ RI ;&U0R91E 73 DVVHVVPHQW RI ZHDU RI WKH LQVWDOODWLRQ HOHPHQWV PDGH RI
VWHHO 7KH PRGLILFDWLRQ PRVWO\ FRQVLVWHG LQ SDUWLDO WKLVVWHHOJUDGH
UHSODFHPHQW RI PRO\EGHQXP ZLWK WXQJVWHQ DQG LQ
LQWURGXFLQJ WKH PLFURDGGLWLRQ RI ERURQ DQG UHVXOWHG LQ
KLJKHUFUHHSUHVLVWDQFHFRPSDUHGWR73VWHHOE\DURXQG 0DWHULDODQGPHWKRGRORJ\RIUHVHDUFK
2. Material and methodology of research
DWWKHWHPSHUDWXUHRIR&>@
7KH 73 VWHHO OLNH DQ\ RWKHU PDWHULDO LQWURGXFHG 7KHPDWHULDOIRUWHVWLQJZDVVDPSOHVWDNHQIURPDSLSH
LQWR WKH SRZHU LQGXVWU\ ZDV VXEMHFW WR LQWHQVH VHFWLRQRIWKHIROORZLQJGLPHQVLRQV[PPWDNHQ
H[SHULPHQWDO WHVWV ZKRVH SXUSRVH ZDV WR YHULI\ WKH IURP WKH ;&U:0R91E1 7 VWHHO 7KH FKHPLFDO
XVHIXOQHVVRIWKLVPDWHULDOIRUORQJWHUPVHUYLFHDELOLW\LQ FRPSRVLWLRQ RI WKH H[DPLQHG PDWHULDO GHWHUPLQHG E\
WKH SRZHU LQVWDOODWLRQV 7KH UHVXOWV RI PDQ\ \HDUV RI PHDQVRIDVSDUNVSHFWURPHWHU6SHFWUR/DE.LVSUHVHQWHG
H[SHULPHQWDO WHVWV RQ WKLV VWHHO KDYH EHHQ SUHVHQWHG LQ LQ 7DEOH 7KH LQYHVWLJDWHG PDWHULDO ZDV VHUYLFHG LQ WKH
PDQ\ SXEOLFDWLRQV LQWHU DOLD LQ >@ +RZHYHU DV FRQGLWLRQVRIFUHHSIRUKRXUVDWWKHWHPSHUDWXUHRI
H[SHULHQFH VKRZV >@ WKH UHVXOWV RI ODERUDWRU\ WHVWV QRW &DQGSUHVVXUHRI03D
7DEOH
&KHPLFDOFRPSRVLWLRQRIWKHH[DPLQHGVWHHOZW
& 6L 0Q 3 6 &U 0R : 1E 9 1
7KH VFRSH RI WKH SHUIRUPHG WHVWV LQFOXGHG WKH WHVWV RI 7KH WHVWV RI PHFKDQLFDO SURSHUWLHV ZHUH SHUIRUPHG
WKHPLFURVWUXFWXUHDQGPHFKDQLFDOSURSHUWLHVDVZHOODVWKH DFFRUGLQJ WR WKH JXLGHOLQHV LQFOXGHG LQ WKH UHVSHFWLYH
DQDO\VLV RI FDUELGH LVRODWHV 7KH VWUXFWXUDO WHVWV ZHUH VWDQGDUGV 'XH WR WKH ODFN RI WKH GDWD FRQFHUQLQJ
FDUULHG RXW RQ PHWDOORJUDSKLF VSHFLPHQV HWFKHG ZLWK LURQ PHFKDQLFDO SURSHUWLHV RI WKH H[DPLQHG VWHHO LQ WKH DV
FKORULGHXVLQJWKHRSWLFDOPLFURVFRS\ 20 ±$[LRYHUW UHFHLYHGVWDWHWKHREWDLQHGUHVXOWVZHUHFRPSDUHGZLWKWKH
PLFURVFRSHDQGWKHVFDQQLQJHOHFWURQPLFURVFRSH 6(0 ± UHTXLUHGPLQLPXPSURSHUWLHVRI73VWHHOLQFOXGHGLQWKH
-(2/ -60/9 7KH WHVWV RI PHFKDQLFDO SURSHUWLHV VWDQGDUG>@7KHSKDVHFRPSRVLWLRQRIWKHSUHFLSLWDWHVLQ
LQFOXGHG WKH LQYHVWLJDWHG VWHHO ZDV GHWHUPLQHG E\ WKH PHWKRG RI
x WKHVWDWLFWHVWRIWHQVLRQSHUIRUPHGRQURXQGVDPSOHVRI FDUELGHLVRODWHVE\PHDQVRIDQ;UD\GLIIUDFWRPHWHUXVLQJ
WKHLU LQLWLDO JDXJH GLDPHWHU DPRXQWLQJ WR GR PP ILOWHUHGUDGLDWLRQRIFREDOWLQFRQILJXUDWLRQZLWKWKH3L[FHO
XVLQJWKH=ZLFN5RHO=WHVWLQJPDFKLQH GHWHFWRU
x WKH WHVW RI LPSDFW HQHUJ\ FDUULHG RXW RQ QRQVWDQGDUG
VDPSOHVRIWKH&KDUS\9W\SHZLWKWKHLUZLGWKUHGXFHG
WRPP 5HVHDUFKUHVXOWVDQGWKHLUDQDO\VLV
3. Research results and their analysis
x WKHKDUGQHVVPHDVXUHPHQWE\WKH9LFNHUVPHWKRGXVLQJ
WKH LQGHQWHU ORDG RI N* 1 E\ PHDQV RI WKH 7KH 73 VWHHO EHORQJV WR WKH JURXS RI KLJK
)XWXUH7HFK)9KDUGQHVVWHVWHU FKURPLXP PDUWHQVLWLF VWHHOV FRQWDLQLQJ DURXQG RI
D E
)LJ0LFURVWUXFWXUHRIWKHH[DPLQHGVWHHODIWHUVHUYLFHD 20% 6(0
,W UHVXOWV LQ D GHFUHDVH LQ WKH UROH RI 0& FDUELGHV DV
WKH LQKLELWLQJ IDFWRU IRU WKH GLVORFDWLRQ PLJUDWLRQ RI WKH
ERXQGDULHV 7KH IDFWRU ZKLFK GHOD\V DQG PRGHUDWHV WKH
SURFHVV RI FRDJXODWLRQ RI WKH 0& FDUELGHV GXULQJ WKH
VHUYLFH LV WKH FKHPLFDO FRPSRVLWLRQ RI WKH VWHHO ,Q WKH
VWHHOVZLWKERURQDGGLWLRQWKHSUHFLSLWDWLRQRI0 &%
FDUELGHV RFFXUV ZKLFK LQ FRPSDULVRQ ZLWK WKH ÄFODVVLF´
0& FDUELGHV DUH IDU PRUH ILQHGLVSHUVLYH DQG VWDEOH
7KH JURZWK RI WKHUPRG\QDPLF VWDELOLW\ RI 0&
FDUELGHV LQ WKH VWHHOV ZLWK WKH ERURQ DGGLWLRQ DQG WKH
UHODWHG VWDELOLVDWLRQ RI WKH ODWK VWUXFWXUH RI WHPSHUHG
PDUWHQVLWH FRQWULEXWHV WR WKH JURZWK RI WKH VWUHQJWK
SURSHUWLHV LQFOXGLQJ FUHHS UHVLVWDQFH RI WKH VWHHO
)LJ3UHFLSLWDWHVRQWKHERXQGDULHVRIJUDLQVODWKVLQ7 HQULFKHGLQWKLVDGGLWLRQ>@
VWHHODIWHUVHUYLFH6(0
)LJ'LIIUDFWRJUDPRIFDUELGHLVRODWHVRI7VWHHO
H[SRVXUH DQG FUHHS RI WHPSHUHG PDUWHQVLWH IHUULWLF SURSHUWLHV DQG VWUXFWXUH RI;&U:0R91E VWHHO
VWHHOV $FWD 0DWHULDOLD '2, -RXUQDO RI $FKLHYHPHQWV LQ 0DWHULDOV DQG
KWWSVGRLRUJMDFWDPDW 0DQXIDFWXULQJ(QJLQHHULQJ
>@* *RODĔVNL , 3LHWU\ND - 6áDQLD 6 0UR]LĔVNL >@* *RODĔVNL $ =LHOLĔVNL - 6áDQLD . -DVDN
- -DVDN 0LFURVWUXFWXUH DQG PHFKDQLFDO SURSHUWLHV RI 0HFKDQLFDO SURSHUWLHV RI 90 VWHHO DIWHU
&U0R9 VWHHO DIWHU ORQJ WHUP VHUYLFH $UFKLYHV RI KUV RI DJHLQJ DW & WHPSHUDWXUH $UFKLYHV RI
0HWDOOXUJ\ DQG 0DWHULDOV '2, 0HWDOOXUJ\ DQG 0DWHULDOV
DPP '2,KWWSVGRLRUJDPP
>@$ =LHOLĔVNL - 'REU]DĔVNL + .U]WRĔ 6WUXFWXUDO >@< ;X < 1LH 0 :DQJ : /L ; -LQ 7KH HIIHFW
FKDQJHVLQORZDOOR\FDVWVWHHO&U0R9DIWHUORQJWLPH RI PLFURVWUXFWXUH HYROXWLRQ RQ WKH PHFKDQLFDO
FUHHS VHUYLFH -RXUQDO RI $FKLHYHPHQWV LQ 0DWHULDOV SURSHUWLHV RI PDUWHQVLWH IHUULWLF VWHHO GXULQJ
DQG0DQXIDFWXULQJ(QJLQHHULQJ ORQJWHUP DJLQJ $FWD 0DWHULDOLD
>@- 'REU]DĔVNL $ =LHOLĔVNL 0 6URND 7KH LQIOXHQFH '2, KWWSVGRLRUJMDFWDPDW
RIVLPXOWDQHRXVLPSDFWRIWHPSHUDWXUHDQGWLPHRQWKH