corrections

Table 1. Echocardiographic Measures of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction.*

Estimated LVSF Longitudinal Anterior Mitral-Leaflet Thickening of Wall

or LVEF Shortening Motion Segments Change in Area of Cavity
Normal (>55%) ≥1 cm Beyond midline Increased by ≥1/3 from minimal Decreased by ≥1/3 from maxi‑
thickness mum area
Severely reduced <1 cm Not beyond midline Increased by <1/3 from minimal Decreased by <1/3 from maxi‑
(<30%) thickness mum area

* LVEF denotes left ventricular ejection fraction, and LVSF left ventricular systolic function.

ther experience in focused cardiac ultrasonogra- with a subsequent increase to 1 to 2 mM by 48 hours,14,15”

phy over time.5 rather than “. . . reaching levels as high as 2 to 5 mM by 24
hours.14,15” References 15 and 16 (page 2550) were replaced.
Gabriel Prada, M.D. The article is correct at NEJM.org.
Sinai Hospital Patent Foramen Ovale Closure or Antiplatelet Therapy for Cryp-
Baltimore, MD togenic Stroke (N Engl J Med 2017;377:1033-1042). The authors
performed additional analyses of the baseline and follow-up
José L. Díaz‑Gómez, M.D. magnetic resonance imaging; five patients who had been re-
Baylor College of Medicine ported as having new silent brain infarction were found not to
Houston, TX have new infarctions. In the Abstract (page 1033), the third sen-
diazgomez​.­jose@​­gmail​.­com tence under Results should have read, “The incidence of new
Since publication of their article, Dr. Díaz-Gómez reports brain infarctions was significantly lower in the PFO closure
being a consultant for and receiving personal fees from Caption group than in the antiplatelet-only group (18 patients [4.7%]
Health. No further potential conflict of interest relevant to this vs. 19 patients [10.7%]; relative risk, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.24 to 0.81;
letter was reported. P = 0.02), but the incidence of silent brain infarction did not
differ significantly between the study groups (P = 0.75),” rather
1. Via G, Hussain A, Wells M, et al. International evidence- than “. . . (22 patients [5.7%] vs. 20 patients [11.3%]; relative
based recommendations for focused cardiac ultrasound. J Am risk, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.29 to 0.91; P = 0.04) . . . (P = 0.97).” In
Soc Echocardiogr 2014;​27(7):​683.e1-683.e33. the Primary End Points subsection of Results (page 1038), the
2. McMahon GT, Ingelfinger JR, Campion EW. Videos in Clini-
second sentence should have read, “With respect to the second
cal Medicine — a new Journal feature. N Engl J Med 2006;​354:​
coprimary end point, new brain infarction (clinical ischemic
1635.
stroke or silent brain infarction) occurred in 18 patients (4.7%)
3. Prada G, Vieillard-Baron A, Martin AK, et al. Echocardio-
graphic applications of M-mode ultrasonography in anesthesiol- in the PFO closure group and in 19 patients (10.7%) in the
ogy and critical care. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2019;​33:​1559- antiplatelet-only group (absolute difference, 6.0 percentage
83. points [95% CI, 1.0 to 11.1]; relative risk, 0.44 [95% CI, 0.24
4. Gorcsan J III, Lazar JM, Schulman DS, Follansbee WP. Com- to 0.81]; P = 0.02) (Table 2),” rather than “. . . occurred in 22
parison of left ventricular function by echocardiographic auto- patients (5.7%) in the PFO closure group and in 20 patients
mated border detection and by radionuclide ejection fraction. (11.3%) in the antiplatelet-only group (absolute difference, 5.6
Am J Cardiol 1993;​72:​810-5. percentage points [95% CI, 0.3 to 10.8]; relative risk, 0.51 [95%
5. See KC, Ong V, Ng J, Tan RA, Phua J. Basic critical care echo- CI, 0.29 to 0.91]; P = 0.04) (Table 2).” In Table 2, the values in
cardiography by pulmonary fellows: learning trajectory and the “Silent brain infarction only” row should have been 13/383
prognostic impact using a minimally resourced training model. (3.4) under PFO Closure Group (rather than 17/383 [4.4]), 7/177
Crit Care Med 2014;​42:​2169-77. (4.0) under Antiplatelet-Only Group (rather than 8/177 [4.5]),
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMc2000059 0.86 (0.35–2.11) under Effect Size (rather than 0.98 [0.43–2.23]),
Correspondence Copyright © 2020 Massachusetts Medical Society. and 0.75 under P Value (rather than 0.97). The changes do not
alter the conclusions based on primary and secondary outcomes
in the trial. The article is correct at NEJM.org.

corrections
the journal’s web and email addresses

Effects of Intermittent Fasting on Health, Aging, and Disease
(N Engl J Med 2019;381:2541-2551). In the first paragraph of
the Intermittent Fasting and Metabolic Switching section (page
2542), the fifth sentence should have read, “In the fed state,
blood levels of ketone bodies are low, and in humans, they rise
within 8 to 12 hours after the onset of fasting, reaching levels
of 0.2 to 0.5 mM, which are maintained through 24 hours,
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