ECONOMIC REFORMS 19.

_______ some German and British management styles are similar, there
TEST 1 are many differences between them.
Choose the word which is stressed differently from the rest. a. In spite b. In spite of c. Despite the fact that d. Despite
1. a. economic b. experience c. entertainment d. introduction 20. I could not eat _______ I was very hungry.
2. a. achievement b. communist c. constantly d. government a. even though b. in spite c. despite d. in spite the fact that
3. a. heavy b. major c. program d. reform 21. In spite _______, the baseball game was not cancelled.
4. a. production b. consumer c. domestic d. business a. the rain b. of the rain c. it was raining d. there was a rain
5. a. hospital b. inflation c. policy d. constantly 22. _______ he had enough money, he refused to buy a new car.
Choose a, b, c, or d that best completes each unfinished sentence, a. In spite b. In spite of c. Despite d. Although
substitutes the underlined part, or has a close meaning to the original 23. _______, he walked to the station.
one. a. Despite being tired b. Although to be tired
6. It is quite important _______ me to get on and think. c. In spite being tired d. Despite tired
a. of b to c. on d. with 24. The children slept well, despite _______.
7. If you think you may be allergic to a food or drink, eliminate it _______ a. it was noise b. the noise c. of the noise d. noisy
your diet. 25. She left him _______ she still loved him.
a. for b. without c. from d. on a. even if b. even though c. in spite of d. despite
8. The new policies include cutting _______ subsidies and trade barriers. 26. _______ her lack of hard work, she was promoted.
a. agriculture b. agricultural c. agriculturalist d. agriculturally a. In spite b. Even though c. In spite of d. Despite of
9. The control of _______ has been carried out through measures rooted in 27. _______ they are brothers, they do not look like.
monetarism. a. Although b. Even c. Despite d. In spite of
a. inflate b. inflationist c. inflation d. inflator 28. We are concerned with the problem of energy resources _______ we
10. It is often a good idea to start with small, easily _______ goals. must also think of our environment.
a. achieve b. achievement c. achievable d. achiever a. despite b. though c. as though d. but
11. Economic reforms began in the Soviet Union in June 1985 by the Soviet 29. _______ some Japanese women are successful in business, the
leader Mikhail Gorbachev to _______ the Soviet economy. majority of Japanese companies are run by men.
a. repair b. reproduce c. restructure d. reply a. But b. Even if c. If d. As though
12. After more than a decade of Doi Moi or economic _______, the 30. The teams played on in spite of the rain.
Vietnamese Communist government has achieved diplomatic and a. even if b. if c. in case d. notwithstanding
economic links with numerous foreign partners. Error Identification
a. relation b. investment c. productivity d. renovation 31. The term economic reform refers to policies directing by the
13. For more than 20 years, the Vietnamese government has pursued the A B
open-door _______ and continued to woo foreign investment. government to achieve improvements in economic efficiency.
a. policy b. way c. export d. guideline C D
14. After a decade of economic liberalization, Vietnam has seen a dramatic 32. Economic reform usually refers to actions of the government to improve
rise in living _______ in urban areas. A B C
a. surface b. standards c. levels d. backgrounds efficiency in economy markets.
15. _______ laws and regulations which impose restrictions on any rights D
should be revised to comply with international law. 33. Economic reform has dominated Australian economic policy from
a. Domestic b. Program c. Encouraged d. Expanding A B
16. These new economic reforms have allowed for international _______ the early 1980s until the end of the 20th century.
and development in the country. C D
a. pay b. renovation c. investment d. opportunity 34. The goal of Chinese economic reform was to generating sufficient
17. In 2001 _______ Vietnamese Communist Party approved a 10-year A B
economic plan that enhanced the role of the, private sector while surplus value to finance the modernization of the mainland Chinese economy.
reaffirming the primacy of the state. C D
a. a b. an c. the d. Ø 35. Economic reforms started since 1986 in Vietnam have helped millions
18. It would also concomitantly attract foreign investment to Vietnam, not A B
only from ____ U.S., but also from ____ Europe, Asia, and other regions. of people to be out of poverty and bringing the poverty rate down.
a. Ø / the b. the / the c. Ø / an d. the / Ø C D
Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answer. government planning with free-market incentives and (47) _____ the
Vietnam is a densely-populated, developing country that in the last 30 establishment of private businesses and foreign investment, including
years has had to recover from the ravages of war. Substantial progress was foreign-owned enterprises. By the late 1990s, the success of the business
achieved from1986 to 1997 in moving forward from an extremely low level of and agricultural reforms ushered in under Doi Moi was evident. (48) _____
development and significantly reducing poverty. than 30,000 private businesses had been created, and the economy was
Since 2001, Vietnamese authorities have reaffirmed their commitment to growing at an annual (49) _____ of more than 7 percent. Farming systems
economic liberalization and international integration. They have moved to research and the international development projects are a source of new
implement the structural reforms needed to modernize the economy and to hope for the people of Vietnam. If these recent projects are successful and
produce more competitive, export-driven industries. . Doi Moi continues on its current path the Vietnamese people may (50) _____
Vietnam's membership in the ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) and a new standard of living. More reforms like Doi Moi need to take place in
entry into force of the US-Vietnam Bilateral Trade Agreement in December order to create a more stable Vietnamese future.
2001.have led to even more rapid changes in Vietnam's trade and economic 41. a. for b. in c. on d. of
regime. Vietnam's exports to the US doubled in 2002 and again in 2003. 42. a. liberate b. liberation c. liberator d. liberal
Vietnam joined the WTO (World Trade Organization) in January 2007, 43. a. application b. salary c. profession d. unemployment
following over a decade long negotiation process. This should provide ail 44. a. consumer b. producer c. spender d. manufacturer
important boost to the economy and should help to ensure the continuation 45. a. A b. An c. The d. Ø
of liberalizing reforms. 46. a. launching b. flying c. sending d. raising
Vietnam is working to create jobs to meet the challenge of a labor force 47. a. found b. promised c. required d. encouraged
that is growing by more than one million people every year. Vietnamese 48. a. Much b. More c. As d. As more
authorities have tightened monetary and fiscal policies to stem high inflation. 49. a. rate b. level c. standard d. step
Hanoi is targeting an economic growth rate of 7.5-8% during the next five 50. a. come b. approach c. reach d. arrive
years.
36. Vietnam's economy is _______.
a. decreasing b. facing crisis c. developing d. backward
37. According to the text, Vietnam _______.
a. used to be well-developed before 1986
b. Vietnam is still in extreme poverty
c. could recover from the consequences of the war soon
d. has been modernizing the economy
38. Vietnam _______.
a. does not export anything to the US
b. exported to the US in 2003 twice as much goods as in 2002
c. did not export goods to the US in 2002
d. did not export goods to the US in 2003
39. The word This refers to _______.
a. Vietnam's joining the WTO b. the WTO
c. the negotiating process d. the Vietnamese economy
40. The word stem has a close meaning to _______.
a. succeed b. stop c. originate d. invrease
Fill in each numbered blank with one suitable word or phrase.
Vietnam is considered a third world country, its people live (41) _____
poverty by the millions. After the (42) _____, Vietnam's economy remained
dominated by small-scale production, low labor productivity, (43) _____,
material and technological shortfalls, and insufficient food and (44) _____
goods. The Doi Moi reforms that were instated in 1986 have shed new light
and added new features to the Vietnamese economy. (45) ____ Vietnamese
Communist Party plays a leading role in establishing the foundations and
principles of communism, mapping strategies for economic development,
setting growth targets, and (46) _____ reforms. Doi Moi combined