Cambinatuvics Unt I :1:

Inclusian- Exclusion rinciple

t. tow many po Sitive intagrs not exceeding
sutton t Let
hot exceed ting
AívissHe by 7.
and ae

B= Set f all pesetive titaqert not keeeting

at ara dirisable by |.

tenu )’|AJB) =|42+4o-12 =

number o$ portive itgere not excee díny

kat dwaLle by r l| = 220,

2. Find Ite msber intgers betwen | ant 250

bolk nelusire kat are ditasille by any ka ii pers
2,3, S 7.
Sstion Let A,B D Ye pe tively ente Ite sak
of humbers n disisle by
lke
2, 3, 5, 7. TRen
= lAUBUcUD|
= { lA Iel+|<|+1D]j-1AnB|+lAnc) +lAAD|+lBn|
+lBnl+lcn| +{lAnencl+|A nBnol + |Anc0D|+
 :2:
IA\=L201 -6, 19t=L2s043, tc-L2se, lot= L}5
lAnel-L25] 4|, 14ncl =L250]=
25 25,1Asl=L-17,
l8nc| = 3x5
250 =14, \GnD|=252] =||,lcn| =L1
\Anenc| =LxE=8, |AnBn= L
IAnCD|5=3, BAcn] =] = 2 and
3× 5x7

|AUGUc UD=254 3+ 50435}-14l+S+

N+I6+l+7?
+5 8+5+3+2}-)
243 - I7+18-|193
Datene lke nubey t oasie intae s n, <nslooo kat ae
not ayísble by 2,3 oy 5
|<nslooo \ket aYe dihKble by 2,3,5, hn
Ike ngbay poshe (ntegs n lkn<jooo t a
hot dvasible by 2,3 sr 5 4
= |AnEncl

=N-A+\B|+lel-l4nel-\Boc|-\cn4l +1AnGn c
=loao-soo+333+200-|b-b6-ioo+33]=266
Shace: lAL= Le =5eo, Iel=Lo=333 (el=20a
2x3

1.
aYe jplaed n K bøxes, Iken lheye is at ast onR box Ik at
contaS at laast objets

n
2 o}
=bax{i+ aax)+3)4o-t zabr (i-axJ?
 Problems on Permutotíon o-3
tto many eergutations of ia,bde tend uilk a?
can b

2. Fid ke nunboy af stinet

fra all etters at each word eTmutattons lkat Can befomed
í) RADAK 0) UUsOAL
Sutoni) Ln RADAR kere aYe 2 Rk and 2As, Rafe
IKe nunber htinet
trom oll etteys f (ke toarutatien
iror RADAR
kat can be foet
s!
(%)Ney ot Ix 1xg =3o,
etinet jearmutattens kat can sa fomed
pamutattons hat
7! - 4X&xb7 = 840,

3.tow many posittve isteers Can be

digis 344 55,6,7 n Ras to ererdformad uchg R
ssutim; 7-dis nu 5oeO
he total numbey sueh nunnbes statrng ulk S
2!
Jatal nanbey ot Such itagrs statrng R|k euch ot 7

2) 2
tene IKe raqe nunber a iitges

4.to

Ssfatteni(i) Rqred number t permutatioa =3465d

(j) Regwirad number peyroutabieng -= J20.
5.to
A manyt i e n s ta Aaters ABeDEFTH Contai lke
string
Ssfution: Treating AG
 Troblems Cobinati
1)Fremg a clus consisting o 6 men and 7 women, m Row
may ys de select a conritee of
) men and 4 women'?
i) 4 oersone wtieh Ras at least somn?
1 4 pevons tíeh has at most
4 oeYlons ufich tas bott se?
sutig:

OR 2M snd 2H I M an 3 hN oR 4W

= 20 x] + 15x2| 6x 3S + 3S
-l40+3|5 +2|o +35 = 700

OR 4 W

66 7S +7 = 6x35+35 =245

Reiet
oR 2 M <nd 2 W(o) 3M and |

6x35 + 15 x 2| +20x7 =
2)0+31S+lyo 665

Malkanatis <otet ond | Ike CSE eypaytent.

too manya DMy Coue at Comntec t
develop
to consit af 3 mambes fros
met and 4 fyon lke csE Malkaatis depat dapartment?
ssfution:
Nmber f ways Ike Comittee á famed
I|xloxx&
 BRroblerns on Conbinatíon W&k Repetitior -5
1. Suppse Ikat cookie shqp Ras 4 diffent kinde g
coories, tou many f t aays can 6 cookies be chase?
Asse lkt only lke type of cookie, and rot ike ii4rvadaal
CooKies ase hannstters
setutton:
Jhe

ilt aptitt all o

n4
84f.

2. Tuya studate wat to jlace orr

ardy iteent
Ie-cyear, payleur, tch has 6
that lke t e e studets
place.
Jhe

oIk Yeoatitia, alloed.

3,
many Solatisns doas Ka
Sstuti -nagative iagers)
Jhe numbey
of ssftin = ke
I|- hunbey of
combinattms
aloed
a 3 obits
apetitio,
=(Mr-yS uRee n=3 and =
i3 = l3C2 = l3x|2 =7
 Irductioh 2'>n, n ,
ihdection Ikat
rove by
Proot et PO): 2>. Tien
PeH)?2 > k+t
?0); 2'>1 PCn):2 k ,

tuctin stap: AKeme kat PK) e,

6teeti
I+34+t=3) n

reve by idetio lkat

Proat. t p) 1+3+t 3=
Po)

+)

nctim Step: Axama (kat PO) tru

I+3+3++=()
Att batk sites et
I+3+3+t
2
 Kii) Proue by inductisy lkok
Hrszf: Joke
+g5+(2n- = n(2n+1)2ari
3
2
Pn) +3+5 t-+(2n-1) =n(2n+)(2n2)
3

Plkt):st-. ++
(an-y+(ktis_h(aka)i) 3

i+3+5
3

bok ss, 2
+(2hH)
3

3 3

tena by mtatin pl) taue far al) n

CW J ove by
malkaatteal uciy (kat
l.2-3+2.34+3 Stot
neht)h+ 2)=n(ht)(n+)(ht3)

Po): :. 2.34 23.4 43.4st.. -tn (nt)t 2)=n(hta)3)

PK) "l:2.3 +2.3.4

2.4s+.+le+Ákt2)thktt/(ktyk+3/
Plk): l23+2:3.q t.h(k+et2)+khty(t)(kt2)
=kt2) kt (Rtq)
Ib2.2 + 2-3. 4- t
-+k(kttl)(kt2) =+klht)(kt 2)(kt2)
T-2.3+ 2..3.4+ t - t k (k+) (kt)+ (k+)k+(kt3)
h(ht)(nt3+(hylht)(t3)

=(kylkt)(h) (kta)-tetXtalk3)lka)
tu r l n.
 Kecurrance Ralation ond 4enetoting Functon
equatton ikat elatas a, h tems of
(f revious tarms of Segne ilk (cial condetisnf
Fy exanle, consider ika Fibonnocz saguenie
{1,1, 2,35,e, ie
Tke (orrespndng Ruenee Yelattm

, = - , + Sh2,t n3
Inctial canditions
ralatisn als
ls knon as

Stution f Recurance Relati

a. ReuY
n explicit foma foy a, kich saiefes
relati called Sstjon f la YaeuYce
Yalati,
an = A. 2 ,5}O asd lat o
ecuYYene yelatio be Sn-2h

=A. 2 - 2 . A -A.2
tis hos Ikat ahA.2

2n-lalk Cotat
inear Reeurtese Relotio
A Lne ay yecrYane el ation
aaieits
uil Constant coic(ants

haye
r<y af a RecuYene Kelai
bekeen ke ighest and lke Rowest subscoa bts a
n-cnk) = k.
toogneous Recurretee Kelaton
Lt, n O,tn)o lkan lhe Tsulting Tecursence relattan
s caled a
t Called non Romoyees.
Melkod Find Tha Sfaton of a Homoenesns Kkcurenee
Relaton
Contidar:
Let a=7 be
n-l

n-k
by dividng

Yelatj O,
Seving,e get k valus T
Dytinet Roots: If all K os are
datrinct, Say

tre ara constatg, te qemaYal sstatin

Mutiple Root:
If tke chatactistie

3. Ln lky cage

n +hn+b, )3

eqation
Romaknaus
(r-27(7-r3)'= Ikn a4333. In Iks Case
Iy lhy
 Recurence Reltions p-o
1c) Frid forla for ka gemyal ters Fn
o, , ,2, 3, 5,8,13,

fftisn
n+2 2
+
2 2
enfoa, F, =, (t)+c,(E)
3

Refue, fror a,
nzo

Yelati

=aly) 2(Y-1) - 2Y +2 o
2+ 2J4-& 2
2+i2
2

tene

(
)Cn

4
=A-3

2 2
 Generating Funetions
ontaralnntes , 23,4,
Goatig fcties
(iy inte ke genarating funetion for ife

S)-2sh-) -3 s(h-)=o, n>2

ok Sto) =3 Gud S) = |
beconma

lhgt by . Rg,
n -3
2 ahl -3 n
n2 - 3

3-5 =A
(l-2x-3)
(i-3*)+x)
-|
|-3x

= A >ex)"+ B _
no

Equatig coficient bolk sid,

Froc2), (i-3x)(+*)
3-5 A
i-3
A+*)+e(-3)
(l-3)((+x)
3-5n =A(lt)t2(l-3)
Put o e, 3-54 A(1+)+
teme, fon 3(e)’4A(5) Aal