St-200cc Abge Service Manual Modified Final

SERVICE MANUAL
Arterial Blood Gas Electrolyte Analyzer
ST-200
ST-200CC Arterial Blood Gas Electrolyte Analyzer Service Manual
Contents
1 Introduction …... 5
1.1 The Analyzer ….. 5
1.2 Operational ….. 6
1.3 Cautions and Hazards ….. 6
1.4 Required tools ….. 7
1.5 Terms ….. 8
2 Product Description ….. 9
2.1 Front Assembly Components ….. 11
2.2 Fluid Circuit parts ….. 11
2.3 Electrode Stacking ….. 13
2.4 Electrode Housing ….. 13
2.5 Mechanical Assemblies ….. 15
2.5.1 Valve Module ….. 15
2.5.2 Sampler ….. 15
2.5.3 Pump motor ….. 16
2.5.4 Flip Thermal System ….. 17
2.6 Electronic Assemblies ….. 17
2.6.1 Power Distribution ….. 17
2.6.2 Spare parts-Description/part number ….. 17
2.6.3 Mother board ….. 18
2.6.4 Pre-Amplifier Board ….. 20
2.6.5 Motor Driver board ….. 21
2.6.6 RFID Board ….. 21
2.6.7 Ultrasonic Bubble Detector Board ….. 22
2.6.8 Display Assembly ….. 23
2.6.9 Printer Assembly ….. 23
2.6.10 Peripheral boards ….. 24
2.6.11 AC/DC Switching Adapter ….. 25
2.7 Rear Panel ….. 26
3 Replacement procedures ….. 27
1
3.1 Rear Cover removal ….. 27

3.2 Mother Board replacement ….. 28
3.3 Pre-Amplifier board replacement ….. 29
3.4 Motor Driver board replacement ….. 30
3.5 RFID board replacement ….. 30
3.6 Printer Assembly replacement ….. 31
3.7 Display Assembly replacement ….. 32
3.8 Ultrasonic Bubble Detector board replacement ….. 32
3.9 Pogo plate/Electrode pin plate replacement ….. 33
3.10 Pump motor assembly replacement ….. 34
3.11 Pump motor tubing replacement ….. 34
3.12 Valve module assembly replacement ….. 36
3.13 Flip/Sampler module assembly replacement ….. 37
3.14 Probe seal replacement ….. 37
3.15 Flip thermal system replacement ….. 39
4 Troubleshooting ….. 40
4.1 Operational Specifications ….. 40
4.1.1 Measuring ranges ….. 40
4.2 Measuring principles ….. 41
Sodium, Potassium, Chloride, Ionized Calcium, Lithium,
4.2.1 ….. 41
pH
4.2.1.1 Principle of measurement ….. 41
4.2.1.2 Partial pressure of carbon Dioxide (pCO2) ….. 41
4.2.1.3 Partial pressure of Oxygen (pO2) ….. 42
4.2.1.4 Hematocrit (Hct) ….. 42
4.2.1.5 Glucose ….. 43
4.2.1.6 Lactate ….. 43
4.3 Calculated values ….. 43
4.3.1 Temperature Correction for Measured Values ….. 43
4.4 Calculated parameters ….. 44
4.4.1 Calculated Calculated Bicarbonate Concentration [HCO3-]2 ….. 44
4.4.2 Total Carbon Dioxide Content (TCO2)* ….. 44
2
4.4.3 Hemoglobin (Calculated) ….. 44

4.4.4 Base Excess of Blood (BE-B)* ….. 45
4.4.5 Standard Bicarbonate Concentration (SBC) ….. 45
4.4.6 Base Excess Extracellular Fluid (BE-ECF)* ….. 45
4.4.7 Oxygen Content (O2Ct) ….. 46
4.4.8 Oxygen Saturation (SO2) ….. 46
4.4.9 Alveolar Oxygen (A) ….. 46
4.4.10 Arterial Alveolar Oxygen Tension Gradient (AaDO2) ….. 47
4.4.11 Arterial Alveolar Oxygen Tension Ratio (a/A) ….. 47
4.4.12 Ionized Calcium Normalized to pH 7.4 ….. 47
4.4.13 Anion Gap ….. 48
4.5 Default Settings ….. 48
4.6 Flow Troubleshooting ….. 48
4.6.1 Reagent packs checking ….. 49
4.6.2 Bubble Detector ….. 49
4.6.3 Electrode housing ….. 50
4.6.4 Cleaning Sampler mechanism ….. 50
4.6.5 Procedure to clean valve tubing ….. 50
4.6.6 Electrode cleaning ….. 57
5 Error messages ….. 58
5.1 ± 460 mV’s or equal mV’s error ….. 58
5.2 pO2 974 mV’s (or) ***** Bubble error ….. 58
5.3 Drift Error ….. 59
6 Software update ….. 61
6.1 Software .hex file update ….. 61
6.2 Application .apk file update ….. 62
3
4
1. Introduction
This manual contains information and procedures used in servicing the
ST-200CC ABGE Analyzer. The intent is to supplement the information provided in
the ST-200CC Instructions and the Advanced User Applications for Use Manual.
This manual does not supercede any current performance specification claims,
expendable maintenance procedures, or warranty criteria as outlined in the
reference manual.
1.1 The Analyzer
Environmental
Ambient Temperature : 5° - 28° C (41 ° - 80 ° F)
Ambient Humidity : 5% - 85%
Energy consumption
Power Consumption : ~240 watts peak
Power requirements : 100/115 V AC, 50-60 Hz or 220 V AC, 50-60 Hz,
0.75 Amp.
The ST-200CC Arterial Blood Gas Electrolyte Analyzer is designed to be

grounded through the power supply lead (line cord) for safe operation. For the
safety of operating personnel make sure that the instrument is only connected to
3-prong sockets (outlets) that have an effective earth connection. If you are in any
doubt as to the safety of your electrical supply system consult a competent
qualified electrician.
Disturbances on the power line may be caused by several factors such as:
 Starting and stop any of electric motors.
 Atmospheric phenomena.
 Connection and disconnection of high line loads.
 Generator and square waves inverters.
Physical Dimensions
Weight : 8 kg (19 lbs.)
Dimensions : 15" W (38 cm) x 12" H (30 cm) x 7" D (18 cm)
Regulatory Compliance
The analyzer is tested and certified by International Certifications (CE)
Refer to Instruction for Use Manual
Location
Place on a stable, stationary surface.
 ~8 cm ( 3 in) clearance to a wall or adjacent instrumentation
 Not intended for operating room use
 Not intended for use on vibrating ( helicopter, etc.) surface
 Placement on a cart is acceptable if the cart is stationary during operation.
5
1.2 Operational
The analyzer is designed to be on at all times. It may be turned off without

special procedure or consideration for up to 1 hour with no detrimental effect on
the sensors or fluidics. The tubing should be flushed and the pump tubing
relaxed prior to extended shutdown periods.
Any shutdown period will require a 2-point calibration and verification by control
material upon restarting operation.
The analyzer utilizes 3 control boards. One is Mother board which consists
MSP430F6779 Microcontroller. Mother board gives proper supply to each and
every component mounted on PCB by using Voltage Regulators. Mother board
takes +12 VDC power supply as input.
The second one is Pre Amplifier board which converts all absorbance readings to
an analog signals to digital signals for each channel and processing of the signals
is done by an analog and microcontroller mounted on the Mother board. It takes
+5 VDC from the voltage regulators which are present on Mother board.
The third one is Motor Driver board which receives +12 VDC input voltage from
the power supply assembly and supplies voltage to Pump motor in one direction
and to Pinch valves for switching.
These 3 control boards communicates with the male and female connectors.
The display is 7 inch high definition lit liquid crystal (LCD) with capacitive touch
and 1024x552 pixel resolution. It communicates via the OTG connection with the
controller and takes +5 VDC input power supply.
The internal 2 inch thermal panel printer is with 48 mm print width in 56 mm

wide printer paper.
NOTE: The circuit boards use fine pitch surface mount technology. Field repair of
these circuit boards is not possible. DO NOT attempt to repair any components
mounted on the board.
1.3 Cautions and Hazards
There are NO user serviceable assemblies inside the analyzer. Only a trained,
authorized service representative should remove the spare parts of the Analyzer.
WARNING: Removal of the back door allows access to power supply

voltages. Care should be taken to avoid electrical shock. When possible,
remove the power cord prior to accessing any internal assemblies.
6
WARNING: Blood samples and blood products are potential sources of

hepatitis and other infectious agents. Handle all blood products and flow
path components (waste-line, capillary adapter, probe, sensor module,
etc.) with care. Gloves and protective clothing are recommended. When
performing maintenance and troubleshooting procedures, also use
protective eyewear.
NOTE: Refer to the manual. It is the responsibility of the service

representative to decontaminate any assembly or analyzer being returned
to Sensa Core for repair or warranty claim.
Decontamination of external surface of the analyzer may be

accomplished by a wipe down with cleaning agent or 10% bleach solution.
The Internal surfaces of the flow path and tubing should always be
considered contaminated. Prior to removal from the analyzer, ensure the
flow path and tubing are emptied.
WARNING: Internal surfaces may have sharp edges. Care should be taken
to avoid cuts and scrapes when accessing internal assemblies. Used tubing,
bio-sensors, electrodes, reagents, controls, etc. may be disposed by
normal laboratory waste procedures.
1.4 Required tools

The analyzer is designed to require no unique or special tools. Flow path
cleaning kits are provided in the troubleshooting kit. Avoid metal wires or other
material that may scratch the internal surfaces of the flow path.
• Digital Volt Meter (2 decimal accuracy)
• Screwdriver (cross head)
• Nut drivers
• Pliers Needle nose or small snub nose
• Troubleshooting kit
7
1.5 Terms
Term Description Term Description
Na+ Sodium ion BE-b Base Excess of the blood

Base Excess of extracellular
K+ Potassium ion BE-ecf
fluid
iCa++ Ionized Calcium TCO2 Total Carbon Dioxide
Li+ Lithium ion Ag-Na Anion gap of Sodium
pH Potential of hydrogen Ag-K Anion gap of Potassium
Cl- Chloride ion SO2 Oxygen Saturation

Partial pressure of Carbon
pCO2 O2Ct Oxygen Content
dioxide
Standard Bicarbonate
pO2 Partial pressure of Oxygen SBC
Concentration
Hct Hematocrit Levels FiO2 Fraction of inspired Oxygen
Hb Hemaglobin A Alveolar Oxygen
Arterial Alveolar Oxygen
HCO3 Bicarbonate Level AaDO2
Tension Gradient
Arterial Alveolar Oxygen
BE Base Excess a/A
Tension Ratio
pO2% Partial pressure of Carbon dioxide %
8
2. Product Description
The ST-200CC Arterial Blood Gas Electrolyte Analyzer is an automated
microprocessor controlled analyzer. It is intended for in-vitro diagnostics use in
the quantitative determination of sodium, potassium, ionized calcium, lithium, pH,
chloride, pCO2, pO2, Hct, Hb, HCO-3, BE, BE-B, BE-ECF, TCO2, Ag_Na, Ag_K, SO2,
O2Ct, SBC, FiO2, A, AaDO2, a/A, Glu (Glucose), Lac (Lactate) in Whole Blood,
Electrolytes in Serum/Plasma/CSF and Diluted Urine. Measurements obtained by
this device are used for the diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of diseases
involving blood gas, metabolites, Hematocrit and electrolyte imbalance.
To obtain accurate results, the ST-200CC Arterial Blood Gas Electrolyte
analyzer must be operated with specially packaged calibrant.
The instrument is fitted with the flow system of Electrode housing which
ensures a low level of carry over even with limited sample volume.
The peristaltic pump guarantees a high level of precision in the aspirated
volume.
The instrument is having 7 inch high definition LCD with capacitive touch and
it guides user through all the aspects of analyzer operation, including analyzer
setup, information entry and display and setting.
The test results are shown directly in the major units and are printed on
heat-sensitive paper.
Measured parameters:
pH, pCO2, pO2, Hct, Na+, K+, Cl-, iCa++, Li+
Glucose and Lactate are optional.
pCO2, Whole blood measurement of certain gases in whole blood, or pH of

pO2, pH whole blood, is used in the diagnosis and treatment of life-threatening
acid-base disturbances.
Hct Whole blood measurements of the packed red cell volume of a blood
sample are used to distinguish normal from abnormal states, such as
anemia and erythrocytosis (an increase in the number of red cells).
Na+ Sodium measurement is used in the diagnosis and treatment of

aldosteronism, diabetes insipidus, adrenal hypertension, Addison’s
disease, dehydration, or diseases involving electrolyte imbalance.
Potassium Measurement is used to monitor electrolyte balance in the
K+
diagnosis and treatment of disease conditions characterized by low or
high potassium levels.
Cl- Chloride measurement is used in the diagnosis and treatment of

electrolyte and metabolic disorders such as cystic fibrosis and diabetic
acidosis.
Calcium measurements are used in the diagnosis and treatment of
iCa++
parathyroid disease, a variety of bone diseases, chronic renal disease and
tetany (intermittent muscular contractions or spasms).
9
Glucose measurement is used in the diagnosis and treatment of

Glu
carbohydrate metabolism disturbances including diabetes mellitus,
neonatal hypoglycemia, and idiopathic hypoglycemia, and of pancreatic
islet cell carcinoma.
Lac Lactate (lactic acid) measurement is used to evaluate the acid-base

status of patients suspected of having lactic acidosis.
Calculated parameters:
HCO3-, TCO2, SBC, SO2, O2Ct, pO2%, BE, BE_B, BE_ECF, AG_Na, AG_K, A, AaDO2,
a/A
The Sample:
Lithium heparin or Sodium heparin whole blood samples from syringes, open
tubes, and capillary tubes can be used on the ST-200 CC Arterial Blood Gas
Analyzer. The minimum sample size for analysis is 140 μL.
Suitable Anticogulants:
 Lithium heparin and Sodium heparin are the acceptable anticoagulant for use
with the analyzer.
 EDTA, citrate, oxalate and sodium fluoride ARE NOT acceptable for use.
 Depending on the amount of heparin used in the collection syringe and
whether it is filled to capacity with blood, heparin concentrations of result
may vary.
 Liquid or dry heparin when present in excess may cause errors. Ensure blood
collection devices are filled per manufacturer instructions.
CAUTION:
ST-200CC Arterial Blood Gas Electrolyte Analyzer users should take careful
note of these considerations when establishing reference intervals and
interpreting results.
10
2.1 Front Assembly Components
8
1
2
9
10
3
11
12
13
5
6
14
7
Figure 1 Analytical Compartment
1. Printer 8. Front Door

2. Power Button 9. Sample Tube
3. Touch Screen/Display 10. Reference Housing
4. Sampler Cover 11. Reference Membrane
5. Valve Module 12. Temperature Sensor Connector
6. Reagent Pack 13. Pump Tube
7. Valve Holder 14. Pump Motor
The analyzer is designed to calibrate using internal Reagents. There are no

external calibration standards required.
2.2 Fluid Circuit Parts
The following figure shows the main parts constituting the fluidic circuit for
aspiration of a sample from the sample probe.
a) Valve module
b) Sampler
c) Electrode housing
d) Pump motor
11
Figure 2 Flow path
12
2.3 Electrode Stacking

Electrode stacking plays very important part while installation. Steps to do Electrode
Stacking as per the required model.
1. Unpack Electrodes, seals and reference housing from packing box.

2. Remove electrode seals from Troubleshooting kit which is in Reference
housing kit.
3. Stack the electrodes according to Electrode parameters by inserting seals in
between every Electrode, also connect sample detector.
Figure 3 Electrode Arrangements
4. Slide the stacked electrode set in Reference Housing. Push Down firmly until
the sample detector snaps into its position. Insert the Reference lock (SM lock)
to complete the stacking.
5. Connect the sample tube at the top of Bubble Detector.
Note:
 Electrode parameters
2.4 Electrode Housing
All Electrodes are stacking in Reference housing, it consist of Potassium

chloride (KCl) solution & temperature sensor. Connector is present at the bottom
of reference housing to connect temperature sensor to motherboard.
Electrode housing consists of Electrodes & Bubble detector stacked by using
Electrode seals, the following figure shows the electrode housing.
13
Reference Seal
Inner Filling Solution
Reference Membrane
Figure 4 Electrode housing
Electrodes should be stacked as mentioned depending upon the model.
Figure 5 Parameter combination
Removal of electrodes:
Slide the electrode stack up at least one inch by gently pushing up on the
bottom electrode pin. This process will remove all electrodes from the reference
housing.
14
2.5 Mechanical Assemblies
2.5.1 Valve module

Valve module is mounted in ST-200CC Arterial Blood Gas Electrolyte analyzer
for the supply of Calibrant A, Calibrant B & Calibrant C solutions as per
requirement.
Valve 1 for A/B calibrant solution.
Valve 2 for AIR & output of Valve 1
Valve 3 for Calibrant C & output of Valve 2
B
C
Figure 6 Valve Module
Pinch Valve module handling:

For removing or replacement of Valve module should be done by using
proper star screw driver if not screw driver will damage the valve holder.
While tightening valve’s holder screws there should not apply extra pressure
and it should not be super tight. Every time valves and its holders should be
handled gently.
2.5.2 Sampler
Sampler or sample probe is used to intake sample, which consist of a hole at
the bottom of the probe. It has a self probe wiping facility with three different
aspiration modes (sample tube, sample syringe and capillary).
15
Figure 7 Sampler
2.5.3 Pump Motor
The pump tube has two stoppers. One stopper (red) is connected at the base
of the electrode housing and the other stopper (blue) is connected to the reagent
pack socket i.e. to the waste.
Pump module is used to generate vacuum in pump tube for aspirating liquid.
Pump module consist of four rollers.
Front View Pump Assembly Modules
Figure 8 Pump module
16
2.5.4 Flip Thermal System

Flip thermal system has four flow pins. The first three pins are used for the
flow of calibrant solutions A,B & C respectively via pinch valves and the fourth pin
is used for a waste line to the reagent pack via pump motor.
WASTE
CAL-C
CAL-B
CAL-A
Figure 9 Flip Thermal System
2.6 Electronic Assemblies
2.6.1 Power Distribution

The Line Voltage Input module feeds the universal switching power supply
(DC Adapter, input 100-240VAC, 50/60Hz, 1.4A & output +12 VDC, 5.0A, 60W
MAX). The secondary outputs of the Power supply assembly is connected to the
power socket of the analyzer and then distributed to the Mother Board located in
the analyzer.
2.6.2 Spare Parts - Description/Part Number
S.No. Spare Part Part Number

1. Mother board/Main PCB-ABGE SSP038
2. SMPS, USB type B & Grounding PCB SSP016
3. Pre Amplifier PCB SSP023
4. Motor driver PCB SSP061-3
5. RFID PCB SSP026
6. Fan Assembly SSP021
7. Printer Module Assembly SSP027
8. Display Assembly with touch panel SSP029
9. Pump Module Assembly SSP006
15. Valve module Assembly SSP052
16. Pogo pin Assembly SSP010
17. Flip Assembly (Self wiping) SSP054
17
2.6.3 Mother Board

Mother Board is placed on the rear panel of the instrument. It consists a
Microcontroller (MSP430F6779). The Motor driver board and Pre Amplifier board
are attached and electronically connected to the Mother board.
Main Functions:
All the electronic circuits processing the analogical and digital signals and
driving the motors and sensors on boards are controlled by the Mother board.
It distributes proper power supply to each and every component mounted on
PCB by using Voltage Regulators. +12 VDC power is delivered to the Mother board
via J27 Connector/Cable from DC Adapter.
TAB OTG RFID Connector
Pre-amplifier Connector
RS232
TAB Power Printer
Connector Connector Connector
USB
Connector-1
USB
Microcontroller
Connector-2
(24-bit)
USB LIS
Temperature Connector
Sensor Connector J-TAG
Buzzer Connector
Bubble Detector
Connector Jumper
Optical Sensor Connector
Connector
12 VDC
Power Socket
Pump Motor
Connector
Heater 1 Heater 3
Motor Driver
Heater 2 Card
Figure 10 Mother Board
18
Specification of Fuses:
Mother board consist of 6 fuses to protect IC’s on the mother board when
fluctuations are occurred.
Voltage on Respective fuse

S.No: Problems in fuse fails
Mother Board specification
There will be no power supply for
+3.3 VDC at
1. 2 Amp Micro controller so the application
TP2 (F1)
will not work & no function occurs.
+5 VDC at TP3
2. 2 Amp Printer will not work.
(F2)
Bubble detector, RFID PCB, Pump
+5 VDC at TP4
3. 5 Amp motor, Pinch valves (V1, V2 & V3) will
(F3)
not work.
+12 VDC at TP5
4. 5 Amp Display will not work.
(F4)
+12 VDC at TP6 Pump motor, Pinch valves (V1, V2 &
5. 5 Amp
(F5) V3) will not work.
Fan will work but instrument will be
6. +12 VDC (F6) 5 Amp
in OFF condition.
There are no serviceable/replaceable components on this board.
TP 6(12V) TP 4(5V)
TP 5(12V) TP 3(5V) TP 2(3.3V)
TP 1(2.5V)
Fuse (5A) Fuse (2A) Fuse (2A)
Fuse (5A) Fuse (5A) Fuse (5A)
Figure 11 Mother Board Test points & Voltages
19
The voltages at each IC is given below:

U15 (16 pins) : +3.3 VDC on 16th pin near C38.
U2 (8 pins) : +3.3 VDC near R4.
U11 (8 pins) : +3.3 VDC near R36.
U10 (14 pins) : +0.9 VDC on 2nd pin & +2.5 VDC on 6th pin near R38.
U21 (14 pins) : +3.3VDC on 14th pin near C41.
U6 (8 pins) : +12VDC near C5.
2.6.4 Pre Amplifier board

Pre Amplifier board is electronically attached to the Mother board at top left
side. It consist of 8 channels & 1 reference channel. It takes +5VDC from the
voltage regulators which are present on the Mother board.
Main Functions:
Pre amplifier is used to measure the voltages near every channel (electrode).
It receives the sensor output and performs the A/D conversion. The digitized
signal is then passed to the microcontroller for processing.
Figure 12 Pre-Amplifier Board
The individual parameter channel assignments are as follows.
Parameter Channel Connector

Chloride (Cl-) CHN 1 J20
pCO2
(or pH only for electrolyte CHN 2 J19
combination)
pH
(or Lithium Li+ only for CHN 3 J16
electrolyte combination)
Ionized Calcium (iCa++) CHN 4 J15
Sodium (Na+) CHN 5 J14
Potassium (K+) CHN 6 J9
Hct CHN 7 J22
pO2 CHN 8 J23
Reference REF J21
Voltages of IC’s on Pre Amplifier board:

ICL7660 CSA (8 pins) : -5VDC on 5th pin & +5VDC on 8th pin near C40, C30 & C34
20
2.6.5 Motor driver board

Motor driver card takes +12VDC input supply from the voltage regulator and
it is electronically attached to the Mother board.
Main Functions:
Motor driver board is used to operate the pump motor and pinch valves for
rotating and switching by supplying +12VDC.
Figure 13 Motor Driver Board
Power connections to Motor driver board:

+12VDC power supply via 2nd and 3rd pins of J4 connector.
Heater 1 connector for Valve V1: +12VDC for pin 1
The second pins voltages of Heater 1, Heater 2 & Heater 3 is from +2.5 VDC
to +5 VDC when pinch valve is in rest condition and 0 VDC when pinch valve is in
work condition while switching.
2.6.6 RFID board (Radio Frequency Identification System)

RFID is used to detect the reagent pack inserted in the analyzer. It connects to
Mother board on J13 connector and it will take +5 VDC supply as input.
Main Functions:
After giving input +5 VDC, the LED 3 (power, Red LED) which presents on the
circuit glows and when label on the reagent pack is detected, the LED 6 (protocol,
Orange LED) glows.
21
Figure 14 RFID Board
Voltage on RFID board:

IC2 {m430f156}: +3 VDC on 1st pin.
2.6.7 Ultrasonic Bubble Detector board

Ultrasonic Bubble Detector board takes +5VDC input supply from the Mother
board by connecting to Bubble Detector connector.
Main Functions:
Ultrasonic Bubble Detector board communicates between Bubble Detector
and micro-controller bidirectionally. It passes signal to micro-controller while the
sound waves are transmitted from the transmitter sensor to receiver sensor when
the Bubble Detector flow path is filled with liquid and the Red LED on the PCB will
glow.
This LED will glow when the

liquid is passed through
Bubble Detector
Figure 15 Ultrasonic Bubble Detector Board
Voltage on Ultrasonic Bubble Detector board:

+5VDC on the test point near D2
22
2.6.8 Display Assembly

ST-200CC ABGE analyzer consists of 7 inch high definition LCD with
capacitive touch. It takes +12VDC input supply from the voltage regulator and
communicates with the microcontroller via OTG.
Main functions:
It guides user through all aspects of analyzer operation, including
analyzer setup, information entry and display, and testing. The screen is
powered-on by pressing the power button of the touchscreen panel.
Power button
Figure 16 Display Assembly
Voltage on Ultrasonic Bubble Detector board:

+12VDC on the connector J17
2.6.9 Printer Assembly

Besides printing the analysis result and the slope, the printer also relays a
series of messages to the operator. These will be indicated in the subsequent
detailed explanation of Operating Methods. Printer takes 5V D.C power
supply.
Figure 17 Printer Assembly
23
Replacing printer paper:

 In order to open the printer door lift the left side lock upward direction.
 Place the paper roll in paper compartment.
 Fix the paper roll in the paper compartment such that end of the paper is
outside the printer.
 Flip down the printer cover (Press hard) and remove the remaining
Paper.
 Hold down the feed button to advance the paper.
Fig: 18 Paper Roll Installation
Note:
 Do not use force to pull out the paper from the printer.
 Never pull the paper in the reverse direction of printing.
 The Feed button is only active when the printer detects paper in the printer.
 Printer mechanism should have thermal paper roll loaded compulsory to increase
life of printer even printer is not in use.
2.6.10 Peripheral boards

SMPS/LIS USB Type B board, USB type A board, J-Tag connectivity board
boards are mounted inside the back door of the analyzer.
Main functions:
SMPS/LIS USB board: It receives +12V DC input voltage from power supply
assembly (DC Adapter) through the port and distributes to exhaust fan and
Mother board/all components of the analyzer.
USB type A board: It consists two USB ports and connects to the Mother board
for connectivity of Keyboard, Mouse, Bar code reader etc.
24
J-Tag connectivity board: It has 14 pin FRC connector. It is used for the software
upgradation and connectivity between analyzer and the PC.
Exhaust fan: It receives +12V DC from the SMPS/LIS USB board. It is used for the
protection of components in the analyzer from excess heat.
Exhaust Fan
USB (Type A) board

Power ON/OFF Switch
LIS RS232 Port

J-Tag Connectivity
board
12VDC supply
cable to Mother SMPS/LIS USB
Board (Type B) board
Figure 19 Peripheral boards
2.6.11 AC/DC Switching Adaptor

The Universal Power Supply is 100-240 VAC, 50/60 Hz, and Medical-grade.
The Universal-Switching Power Adaptor accepts 90 – 264 VAC, converts AC
voltages to DC voltages, and supplies secondary voltages to the Mother Board
through SMPS PCB. The output voltage of Power Adapter is +12VDC.
25
2.7 Rear Panel
Air Vent
USB Ports
LIS USB Port Power ON/OFF Switch
J-Tag port RS232 Serial port
Power Socket
Figure 20 Rear Panel
26
3. Replacement Procedures
3.1 Rear Cover Removal
CAUTION: Assemblies may have loose hardware mounting. Ensure no

loose hardware is left in the unit before restoring power to the analyzer.
WARNING: Removal of the analyzer rear cover exposes the line voltage
wiring. The Power must be turned off and the Power supply disconnected
before any assembly replacement procedure is performed.
1. Turn the unit OFF, disconnect the power adapter, and have the back of
the unit facing you.
2. Remove the 7 panel mounting screws.
3. Slightly spread the top sides and remove the cover.
4. Lift the cover off the unit. Take care not to damage any cables or wiring
during removal.
Figure 21 Cover Mounting Screw Locations
27
Major Assembly Location-Rear
2 6
3
8
Figure 22 Major Assembly Location-Rear
1. Pogo plate/Electrode pin plate 5. RFID board

2. Ultrasonic Bubble Detector board 6. Mother board
3. Pump motor 7. Pre Amplifier board
4. Printer 8. Motor driver board
3.2 Mother Board replacement

The Mother board is mounted inside the Analyzer.
1. Remove the analyzer rear cover.

2. Disconnect all components connectors from the Mother board.
3. Disconnect Pre Amplifier and Motor driver card from the Mother board.
4. Remove all mounting screws and then remove Mother board.
5. Install the Mother board by reversing the above steps.
WARNING: The Power must be turned off and the Power Adapter disconnected
before changing the Mother board.
28
Figure 23 Mother board replacement
3.3 Pre Amplifier board replacement

The Pre Amplifier board is mounted inside on the Mother board at top lest side.
2. Disconnect the channel cables from the Pre Amplifier board.
3. Remove four mounting nuts from the screws.
4. Remove the Pre Amplifier board by pulling towards outside.
5. Install the Pre Amplifier board by aligning the holes and mounting screws at
all four sides and insert nuts to mounting screws.
6. Tighten the mounting nuts.
7. Connect the channel cables to the Pre Amplifier board.
NOTE: This board is only different due to channels connection positioning.
Verify that you matched the labels where each channel cable is connected.
Pre Amplifier
board
Figure 24 Pre-Amplifier board replacement
29
before changing the Pre Amplifier board.
3.4 Motor Driver board replacement

The Motor Driver board is mounted inside on the Mother board at the bottom.
2. Disconnect the pinch valves connectors from the Motor Driver board.
3. Remove three mounting nuts from the screws.
4. Remove the Motor Driver board by pulling towards outside.
5. Install the board by reversing the above steps.
NOTE: Make sure that the pinch valves connectors are connected correctly to its
own positions as shown in figure.
before changing the Motor Driver board.
Motor driver
board
Pinch Valves
V1 V2 V3
(V1, V2 & V3)
Connectors
Figure 25 Motor Driver board replacement
3.5 RFID board replacement

The RFID board is mounted inside behind the Mother board.

2. Disconnect RFID board connector from the Mother board.
3. Slide the RFID board towards outside by pushing the lock pin.
4. Install the RFID board by reversing the above steps.
before changing the RFID board.
30
Figure 26 RFID board replacement
3.6 Printer Assembly replacement
1. Printer is mounted on the top of the analyzer.

2. Open the printer top cover and remove the paper roll from it.
3. Open the locks on both sides towards inner side and remove the assembly by
disconnecting the connector.
4. Install the new printer by reversing the above steps.
before changing the Printer assembly.
Figure 27 Printer Assembly replacement
31
3.7 Display Assembly replacement

1. Display is attached to the chassis on front panel of the analyzer with four
mount screws.
3. Disconnect Power and OTG connectors from the Mother board.
4. Remove four mounting screws and remove the display assembly.
Note: Support the display while removing the last screw.
5. Install the display assembly by reversing the above steps.
Figure 28 Display Assembly replacement
3.8 Ultrasonic Bubble Detector board replacement

2. Disconnect the RJ45 connectors from the Mother board to Bubble Detector.
3. Remove the four mounting screws and remove the PCB.
4. Install the Ultrasonic Bubble Detector board by reversing the above steps.
32
Figure 29 Ultrasonic Bubble Detector board replacement
3.9 Pogo plate/Electrode pin plate replacement
1. Remove the Reference housing and electrodes set from the analyzer.
3. Disconnect the channel cables from the Pre Amplifier board.
4. Remove four mounting screws and remove the plate.
5. Install the Pogo plate/Electrode pin plate by reversing the above steps.
Front view Rear view
Figure 30 Pogo Plate/Electrode Pin Plate replacement
33
3.10 Pump Motor Assembly replacement

1. Remove pump tubing from the pump motor or disconnect tubing from the
waste line and Reference housing.
3. Detach the pump motor connector from the Mother Board.
4. Remove the pump motor by pressing lock on the top.
5. Install the pump motor Assembly by reversing the above steps.
Lock
Figure 31 Pump motor Assembly replacement
3.11 Pump Motor Tubing Replacement

To remove old tubing follow this procedure
1. Remove Pump tube from the bottom of the Reference Housing & waste
pipe.
2. Remove the front cover, rollers and pump tubing from the pump module
base.
New Pump tubing installation procedure:
1. Clean the module base: It is fixed to the chassis through a lock at the top
of base as shown in the figure. We need to clean the module base and
then apply the grease to inner surroundings softly.
2. Apply grease to rollers: Take a four rollers set and apply grease gently to
rollers. The rollers set consists a grove at back side and a knob on the
front side. Insert grove side of the rollers set to the module base knob.
3. Apply grease to new pump tubing: Take a new pump tubing and apply
grease all around it and then insert it as per the direction by holding the
roller firmly as shown in the figure.
4. Module cover: Close the module with front cover. So that rollers and
pump tubing will lock. Ensure that the tag of pump tubing should be
above the front cover lock.
34
Figure 32 Pump Tubing Installation
35
3.12 Valve Module assembly replacement

1. Remove all the tubing from the valve module assembly.
3. Remove the pinch valves connectors from the Motor driver card.
4. Remove the three wing nuts behind the welco pump motor, Mother board
and then remove the valve module front front side.
5. Install the valve module assembly by reversing the above steps.
Figure 33 Valve Module Assembly replacement
36
3.13 Flip/Sampler Module Assembly replacement
1. Remove all the tubing from the module.

3. Detach the connector from the Mother board.
4. The sampler is mounted by 5 screws at the rear of the assembly.
5. Remove the mounting screws and slide the assembly forward and lift it from
the chassis.
Note: Support the Flip module while removing the last screw.
6. Install the assembly by reversing the above steps.
Figure 34 Flip/Sampler Module Assembly replacement
3.14 Probe Seal Replacement
 Lift the sampler cover towards an upward direction.

 Rotate the seal holder in an anti-clockwise direction till it opens.
 Remove the seal out from the probe and dispose.
37
Figure 35 Probe Seal Replacement
Fixing probe seal:

Similarly, insert the new probe seal into the probe with respective direction
and insert the seal holder into the probe and rotate to clockwise direction till it
tights.
Probe seal Seal holder
Figure 36 Probe seal & Seal holder
Note:
 Improper alignment of probe seal and seal holder may cause flow errors.
38
3.15 Flip Thermal System replacement

1. The Flip module assembly must be removed prior to removing the Flip
Thermal System.
2. Remove all tubing from the Flip thermal system.
3. The Flip thermal system is mounted by two screws at reagent pack slot.
4. Remove the Reagent pack from the analyzer.
5. Remove two mounting screws and slide the Thermal system towards outside.
Figure 37 Flip Thermal System replacement
39
4. Troubleshooting
This chapter assumes the reader is familiar with the operation of the Analyzer
and has read the user manuals.
4.1 Operational Specifications
4.1.1 Measurement Ranges
Serum/Whole blood:
Parameter Measurement Range Reproducibility (CV%)
Na+ 20 - 250 mmol/L <1.0 %
K+ 0.20 - 40.0 mmol/L <2.0%
Cl- 25 - 200 mmol/L <1.0%
iCa++ 1.0 - 20.0 mmol/L <2.0%
Li+ 0.2 - 5 mmol/L <2.0%
pH 6-8 ± 0.03
pO2 10 - 750 mmHg <3.0%
pCO2 5 - 120 mmHg <3.0 %
TCO2 5 - 50 mmol <3.0%
Hct 10 - 70 % <3.0%
HCO3- 5 - 50 mmol <3.0%
Urine:
Parameter Measurement Range Reproducibility (CV%)
Na+ 25 - 1000 mmol/L <5.0 %
K+ 1 - 500 mmol/L <5.0%
Cl- 25 - 500 mmol/L <5.0%
Calibration Slope limits:

Parameter Slope Range
Na+ 100 to 35 mV/decade
K+ 100 to 35 mV/decade
Cl- 100 to 30 mV/decade
iCa++ 50 to 15 mV/decade
Li+ 100 to 30 mV/decade
pH 100 to 30 mV/decade
pO2 160 to 30 mV/decade
pCO2 150 to 40 mV/decade
Hct 100 to 20 mV/decade
40
4.2 Measuring Principles

The measurement of Sodium (Na), potassium (K), Ionized calcium (iCa),
Lithium (Li), Chloride (Cl), Bicarbonate (HCO3), pH, pCO2 is based on Ion Selective
Electrode, pO2 is based on Amperometry and Hematocrit (HCT) is based on
Impedence technology.
4.2.1 Sodium, Potassium, Chloride, Ionized Calcium, Lithium and pH

4.2.1.1 Principle of Measurement
In an ion-selective electrode, an electrical potential is established across a
membrane that is selective to a specific ion. Such electric potential of the
ion-selective electrode is measured against a reference electrode and it is used to
determine the activity (a) or effective concentration (c) of the ion of interest in a
sample.
The electrical potential (E) of the ion-selective electrode measured against
the reference electrode can be described by the following Nernst equation.
RT
E  E  ln a 
nF Equation 1
where, (+) for cation, (-) for anion

E: monitored potential Eo: potential at a = 1
R: gas constant T: temperature in Kelvin scale
n: valence of ion F: Faraday constant
a: activity of the target ion
The Nernst equation above can be simplified as follows:
E = E'+ S ⋅ log( C ) Equation 2
The standard electrical potential (E′) and slope (S) are determined by
measuring the electrical potentials of the ion-selective electrode in two
calibration solutions that have known concentrations of the measuring ions at
different levels. This process is called two-point calibration. Once the E′ and S are
determined, the unknown concentration of a sample can be determined by
measuring the electric potential of the electrode in a sample.
4.2.1.2 Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide (pCO2)
Definition of pCO2
The partial pressure (tension) of carbon dioxide in solution is defined as
the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the gas phase in equilibrium with the
blood.
41
Principle of pCO2 Measurement

pCO2 is measured with a modified pH sensor. Carbon dioxide in the
unknown solution makes contact with a hydrogen ion selective membrane
CO2 diffuses across the membrane into a thin layer of bicarbonate buffer in
response to partial pressure difference. This solution then becomes
equilibrated with the external gas pressure of the fluid in contact with the
outer surface of the membrane. CO2 in the solution becomes hydrated
producing carbonic acid which results in a change in hydrogen ion activity.
CO2 + H20 <=> H2CO3 <=> H+ + [HCO-3] Equation 3
The pH of this internal solution varies with the pCO2 according to the
Henderson-Hasselbalch equation.
pH = pKa + log {HCO3- / pCO2 * a}
The measured potential is related to the logarithm of pCO2 content of

the sample after compensation of the measured potential of the pH sensor.
4.2.1.3 Partial Pressure of Oxygen (pO2)

Definition of pO2
The partial pressure (tension) of oxygen in solution is defined as the
partial pressure of oxygen in the gas phase in equilibrium with the blood. pO2
provides an indication of the availability of oxygen in inspired air.
Principle of pO2 Measurement

pO2 is measured amperometrically by the generation of a current at the
sensor surface. As oxygen diffuses through a gas permeable membrane, the
oxygen molecules are reduced at the cathode, consuming 4 electrons for
every molecule of oxygen reduced. This flow of electrons is then measured by
the sensor and is directly proportional to the partial pressure of oxygen.
4.2.1.4 Hematocrit (Hct)
Hematocrit is defined as the percentage of red blood cells to the total

blood volume and can be obtained by measuring electrical resistance of the
blood sample. Two standard solutions are used to calibrate the hematocrit
sensor and to obtain the slope. The analyzer then measures the electrical
resistance of the blood sample to obtain the hematocrit value. The hematocrit
value obtained is corrected for the concentration of the sodium ion.
42
4.2.1.5 Glucose
Glucose measurement is based on the level of H2O2 produced during the
enzymatic reaction between glucose and oxygen molecules in the presence of
the glucose oxidase enzyme. The reaction is described by the following
equation:
Glu cos e  O2 Glu

coseOxidase
 Gluconic acid  H 2O2
Equation 4
At a constant potential of 0.70 volts, electroactive H2O2 is oxidized at the

surface of the anode as follows:
H2O2 ––––––––> 2H+ + O2 + 2e- Equation 5
The current generated by the flow of electrons at the surface of the strip is
proportional to the glucose concentration of the sample.
4.2.1.6 Lactate
Lactate measurement is based on the level of H2O2 produced during the
enzymatic reaction between lactate and oxygen molecules in the presence of
the lactate oxidase enzyme.
The reaction is described by the following equation:
Lactate  O2 LactateOxi
 dase
 Pyruvate Acid  H 2O2
Equation 6
At a constant potential of 0.70 volts, electroactive H2O2 is oxidized at the

surface of the anode as follows:
H2O2 ––––––––> 2H+ + O2 + 2e- Equation 7
The current generated by the flow of electrons at the surface of the strip is
proportional to the lactate concentration of the sample.
4.3 Calculated Values

The analyzer’s microcomputer uses the measured results to calculate other
clinically relevant parameters. This section outlines the equations used to
calculate these values.
4.3.1 Temperature Correction for Measured Values

The ST-200 CC ABG Electrolyte Analyzer allows you to enter the patient
temperature when this differs from 37°C, as for example in patients having
surgery under hypothermia. The pH, pCO2, and pO2 sample values, at the
patient’s actual temperature, are then calculated as follows:
43
pH(corrected) = pH + [-0.0147 + 0.0065 (7.400 - pH)](T - 37) Equation 8
pCO2 (corrected) = pCO2 x e (0.04375(T - 37)) Equation 9
pO2 (corrected) = pO2 x 10U Equation 10
U   
 
  5.49 1011 Y  0.071
 T  37 


 9.72  10 9

Y  2.30




Y= e[3.88 x In(pO2)]
4.4 Calculated Parameters
4.4.1 Calculated Bicarbonate Concentration [HCO3-]2

Bicarbonate Concentration (mmol/L) is calculated using the
Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:
pH  pK  log
HCO3 
 PCO2  Equation 11
where pH and pCO2 are measured.
pK = 6.091
α = 0.0307 = solubility coefficient of CO2 in plasma at 37 °C
Rearranging Equation 8 gives:

Log10 [HCO3-] = pH + log10 pCO2 - 7.604 Equation 12
*The equations are from NCCLS standards2.
4.4.2 Total Carbon Dioxide Content (TCO2)*

TCO2 (mmol/L) includes both dissolved carbon dioxide and [HCO3-] and is
calculated as follows:
TCO2 = [HCO3-] + α(pCO2) Equation 13
where pCO2 is measured and [HCO3-] is calculated from Equation 12.
4.4.3 Hemoglobin (Calculated)

The hemoglobin is calculated based on the following calculation:
Hemoglobin g/dL = Measured Hematocrit ÷ 3.0 Equation 14
CAUTION:
The ST-200 CC ABG Electrolyte Analyzer provides an estimation of
hemoglobin only from normal hematocrit values citing the specific normal
adult male/female range. In cases of abnormal blood composition, e.g., red
cell dyscrasia or hemoglobinopathies or in cases of disease states, e.g.,
anemia, repeat testing by conventional laboratory methods is indicated.
44
NOTE:
The hemoglobin calculation is an estimation based on a normal mean
corpuscular hemoglobin concentration of 33.3% and a nominal male Hct of 39 to
49% or female Hct of 35 to 45%. Hemoglobin estimations made from samples
with Red cell dyscrasia or hemoglobinopathies may vary significantly from
hemoglobin measured by cyanmethemoglobin method. The estimated
hemoglobin may vary significantly in cases of abnormal blood composition or
disease states such as anemia in which abnormal values may not be reported.
These conditions should warrant repeat testing by conventional laboratory
methods.
4.4.4 Base Excess of Blood (BE-B)*

Base excess of blood is defined as the concentration of titratable base
needed to titrate blood to pH 7.40 at 37 °C while the pCO2 is held constant at
40 mm Hg. Base excess of blood is calculated as follows:
BE-B = (1 - 0.014[Hb]) ([HCO3-] - 24 + (1.43[Hb] + 7.7)(pH - 7.4) )

Equation 15
4.4.5 Standard Bicarbonate Concentration (SBC)

The Standard Bicarbonate is defined as the bicarbonate concentration of
the plasma of whole blood equilibrated to a PCO2 of 40 mmHg at a
temperature of 37 °C with the hemoglobin fully saturated with oxygen.
Standard bicarbonate is calculated as follows:
SBC = 24.5 + 0.9Z + Z ( Z - 8 )(0.004 + 0.00025 [Hb]) Equation 16
where Z = [BE-B] - 0.19 [Hb] ((100 - SO2 )/100)
[Hb] = The hemoglobin value which is measured, manually entered, or is the

14.3 g/dL default value.
4.4.6 Base Excess Extracellular Fluid (BE-ECF)*

The Base Excess Extracellular fluid is a corrected form of the Base Excess
Blood in which allowance has been made for the fact that blood is only
approximately 37% of the extracellular fluid volume. Base excess is calculated
as follows:
BE-ECF = [HCO3-]- 25 + 16.2 (pH - 7.40) Equation 17
45
4.4.7 Oxygen Content (O2Ct)

Oxygen content is defined as the total amount of oxygen contained in a
given volume of whole blood, including dissolved oxygen and oxygen bound
to hemoglobin. It is expressed in milliliters of oxygen per 100 milliliters of
blood (volume %) as calculated from the oxygen saturation and the
hemoglobin concentration. Four moles of oxygen (22,393 mL/mol at standard
temperature and pressure) can combine with 1 mole of hemoglobin (64,458
g/mol) so that oxygen capacity is equal to
422393 Equation 18
 1.39mL O2 per gram of Hb
64458
Therefore O2Ct = (1.39 [Hb]) (SO2/100) + (0.0031 [pO2])

Equation 19
Where 0.0031 is the solubility coefficient of O2.
On the analyzer, hemoglobin can be manually entered, calculated from the
measured hematocrit, or occur as a default value.
4.4.8 Oxygen Saturation (SO2)

Oxygen saturation is defined as the amount of oxyhemoglobin in blood
expressed as a fraction of the total amount of hemoglobin able to bind
oxygen. It is calculated as follows:
 PO2 '   150PO2 ' 
3
SO2   100
PO2' 3  150PO2'   23400 Equation 20
Where [pO2']= [pO2] x e [2.3026 x (0.48(pH–7.4)–0.0013([HCO3-]– 25))]
NOTE:
The equation for calculating oxygen saturation assumes a normal shape
and position of the patient's oxygen dissociation curve.
4.4.9 Alveolar Oxygen (A)

Alveolar Oxygen refers to the partial pressure of oxygen in alveolar gas. It
is calculated as follows:
A
% FIO2
B.P.  0.045T 2  0.84T  16.5  * * PCO2  % FIO2   1  % FIO2 / 100  
100  100  0 .8 
Equation 21
Where T = patient temperature
B.P. = barometric pressure
%FIO2 = fraction inspired oxygen, as a percent
** Temperature corrected gas value
46
4.4.10 Arterial Alveolar Oxygen Tension Gradient (AaDO2)

The arterial alveolar oxygen tension gradient is a useful index of gas
exchange within the lungs and is defined as:
Aa DO2 = A- **pO2 Equation 22
NOTE:
For capillary samples, AaDO2 results have an asterisk (*). AaDO2 results are
dependent on how the samples are drawn and handled, thus care must be
taken when interpreting these calculated results.
4.4.11 Arterial Alveolar Oxygen Tension Ratio (a/A)

The arterial alveolar oxygen tension ratio is useful to predict oxygen
tension in alveolar gas and to provide an index of oxygenation which remains
relatively stable when FIO2 changes.
a/A = **pO2/A Equation 23
4.4.12 Ionized Calcium Normalized to pH 7.4

The activity and concentration of ionized calcium in whole blood is pH
dependent. In vitro, a pH increase of 0.1 unit decreases the ionized calcium
level by 4 to 5% (conversely, a pH decrease has an equal but opposite effect).
The sample of choice for ionized calcium determination is anaerobically
collected whole blood.
If an anaerobic sample is not available, by measuring the actual pH of the
sample at which the ionized calcium concentration was measured normalized
ionized calcium can be calculated. The normalized ionized calcium represents
what the ionized calcium concentration would have been if the initial pH was
7.40 (the midpoint of the pH reference range).
The equation used for this calculation is as follows:
log [iCa] 7.4 = log [Ca++]X - 0.24 (7.4 - X) Equation 24
Where X = measured pH of the sample

[iCa]X = ionized calcium concentration in the sample at the
measured pH
[iCa] 7.4 = normalized concentration of ionized calcium at pH 7.40
The equation assumes a normal concentration of total protein and may be
47
used for measured values between pH 7.2 and 7.6. Between pH 6.9 and 7.2 and
between pH 7.6 and 8.0, modified forms of the equation are used. Normalized
ionized calcium values for samples with pH outside the range pH 6.9 to pH 8.0 are
not displayed.
4.4.13 Anion Gap

Anion gap is the difference between the sum of the sodium and
potassium concentrations (the cations) and the sum of the chloride and
bicarbonate concentrations (the anions), as follows:
Anion Gap = (Na + K) - (Cl + [HCO3-}) Equation 25
No anion gap is reported if any of the 4 concentrations are not reported.

Any calculated anion gap less than 0.0 mmol/L is not reported.
4.5 Default Settings

At the initialize stage instrument will have default settings as mentioned below.
Sample type Serum/Plasma

Calibration frequency 6 hours
Sipping frequency 1 hour
Printer Status ON
Print mV’s Status ON
Auto Standby OFF
Depending upon your requirement you can change settings. Once settings
have been changed it will not change until you made any changes or 3 VDC
battery is removed on motherboard.
4.6 Flow Troubleshooting
WARNING: Use appropriate protective face shield, gloves, etc., when

attempting to flush, clean, or handle any components of the analyzer that
come in contact with blood specimens.
CAUTION: Care should be taken while using a syringe to flush the flow
path. A syringe may exert enough force to rupture a membrane or break
the seal between flow through sensors, allowing fluids to splash onto the
surfaces of the flow cell components.
In troubleshooting Flow Path Error is the main error mainly it will cause due to
Protein deposition.
By cleaning the flow step by step flow path will be clear.

We have to concentrate on below parts to identify and to clear the flow path.
48
1) Electrode housing
2) Bubble Detector
3) Sampler i.e. probe mechanism
4) Reagent pack &
5) Valve module.
Follow below steps to clear the flow path
4.6.1 Reagent packs checking
Perform priming if you found that liquid is not coming then check Reagent
Pack consumption.
Menu Diagnostics Reagent pack
If it shows Solution left as 0%, then change the pack. Make a note that
sometimes if Solution left shows <15% also then there will be a chance of empty
Reagent Pack.
4.6.2 Bubble Detector

Bubble Detector works on Ultrasonic Technology. It had transmitter sensor
and receiver sensor. Whenever liquid passes through the Bubble Detector flow
path the liquid is detected and sound waves are transmitted from transmitter
sensor to receiver sensor.
If liquid is flow through the Bubble Detector, but the analyzer is giving ‘Air in
CAL-A’/’Air in CAL-B’/’Air iun CAL-C’/’Liquid not detected’ errors then clean the
Bubble detector by following below procedure.
 Remove the Bubble Detector from the Analyzer.

 Take a 0.9 mm ID bold needle and put into the flow path of the Bubble detector
from the top side by following steel pin and rotate slightly.
 Then install the Bubble Detector into the analyzer and do ‘Sample Detector’ test.
Press Menu Diagnostics Hardware Sample Detector
Figure 38 Bubble Detector Cleaning
Check the LED on the Ultrasonic Bubble Detector. It will glow when the liquid
is passed through the bubble detector. Refer topic 2.6.7 (Page no: 20)
49
4.6.3 Electrode housing

If Reagent pack is not empty but still the liquid is not coming out then, go to
Maintenance mode.
 Remove Sample tube from Bubble detector & remove the Pump tube from
the bottom of Reference housing and directly connect Sample tube to pump
tube i.e we Bypassed Reference Housing.
 If liquid is coming out then remove electrode housing and remove the stack
of electrodes along with sample detector from the reference housing and
flush it with distilled water 2 times or daily cleaner gently. Don’t forget to
flush air several times after distilled water or daily cleaner.
 Insert all stacked electrodes into the reference housing after cleaning inner
silicon seals individually and repeats above procedure with air flush. Connect
the electrode housing in the instrument.
If still liquid is not coming then check the sampler seal by doing below procedure.
4.6.4 Cleaning Sampler mechanism

If you found that there is a flow problem in Sampler then enter in to
maintenance mode, remove the peristaltic tube from the bottom of the sampler,
remove the sample tube from the bubble detector, connect it to the bold needle
& flush it with syringe by using DI water or Daily cleaner without lifting the flip
and then change the probe seal.
Removing probe seal:

 Lift the sampler cover towards upward direction.
 Rotate the seal holder in anti clock wise direction till it opens.
 Remove the seal out from the probe and dispose.
Fixing probe seal:

 Insert the new probe seal in to the probe.
 Insert the seal holder in to the probe and rotate to clock wise direction till it
tights.
Note:
Improper alignment of probe seal and seal holder may cause flow errors.
 Close the sampler mechanism finally do reagent priming test as follows.
Menu Diagnostics Flow Reagent priming Prime All
Still if you are not able to see the liquid in sample tube then clean the Valve
module tubing by using VALVE TEST option in menu.
4.6.5 Procedure to clean valve tubing

Valve Module consists of three valves, valve 1, valve 2 & valve 3 respectively.
Valve 1 is used to separate CAL A & CAL B flow, Valve 2 is used to take air and
valve 1 output and Valve 3 is used to take valve 2 output and CAL C.
50
 First remove CAL-A, CAL-B & CAL-C tubes from thermal system.
 Take out whole valve tubing from valves (V1, V2 & V3) slots.
 Take syringe with DI water.
 Flush whole tubing with DI water in order to clear all the salt formation in
flow path.
 Finally flush whole tubing with air and then reinsert in respective positions at
valves flow path tube slots.
Note:
Pinch valve tubing should be totally inserted in the valve towards inner side.
Partial or incomplete inserted tube can let solutions mix up.
B
C
Figure 39 Fluid control valves
The valves should control standards flow by using the close or open
movements of lock pins.
If getting standards milli volts equally or ‘Air in CAL-B’ error then do the
VALVE TEST by using below steps.
Press Menu Diagnostics Flow Valve test
By performing this test, we can identify the salt blockage in the tubing and
also we can identify the functioning of individual valves.
Note:
At an ideal state A (V1), Air (V2) and output of V2-Air (V3) slots are in
open condition and obviously B (V1), A/B (V2) & C (V3) slots are in close
condition.
51
CAL-A flow:
Check Cal A flow through valves as per its respective functionality. It activates
Cal A flow and provides 300 seconds time duration to check its operation. When
the time gets completed, it deactivates automatically or the user can off it by
press the Stop button.
Observe the lock pin movements of V2.

 V1 lock will not move because already the CAL-A slot is in open condition and
CAL-B slot is in close condition.
 V2 lock closes ‘Air’ slot and opens ‘A/B’ slot.
 V3 lock will not move because already the output of V2 is in open condition.
CAL-A flow checking:
 Take syringe with bold needle.
 Remove the pinch valve tubing end point present at the bottom of sampler
and connect it to needle/syringe.
 Pull the syringe and take out the solution (CAL-A) in to it before counter
reaches to ‘0’.
 If the CAL-A solution comes out freely in to the needle that means the valves
V2 is functioning and there is no blockage in CAL-A flow path.
 If the CAL-A solution does not comes out and syringe goes reverse flow then
52
the reasons are either may valves V1 or V2 are not functioning or there is a
blockage in CAL-A flow path. Hence, flush the tubing with DI water, Air and
check the pinch valves connectors (heater 1, heater 2 & heater 3) on Motor
driver card.
CAL-B flow:
Check Cal B flow through valves as per its respective functionality. It activates
Cal B flow and provides 300 seconds time duration to check its operation. When
Observe the lock pins movements of both V1 & V2.

 V1 lock closes CAL-A slot and opens CAL-B slot.
 V2 closes ‘Air’ slot and opens ‘A/B’ slot.
CAL-B flow checking:
 Pull the syringe and take out the solution (CAL-B) in to it before counter
reaches to ‘0’.
 If the CAL-B solution comes out freely in to the needle that means the valves
V1 & V2 are functioning and there is no blockage in CAL-B flow path.
 If the CAL-B solution does not comes out and syringe goes reverse flow then
the reasons are either may valve V2 is not functioning or there is a blockage
in CAL-B flow path. Hence, flush the tubing with DI water, Air and check the
pinch valves connectors (heater 1, heater 2 & heater 3) on Motor driver card.
53
CAL-A/B IN flow:
Check Cal A/B IN flow through valves as per its respective functionality. It
activates Cal A/B IN flow and provides 300 seconds time duration to check its
operation. When the time gets completed, it deactivates automatically or the
user can off it by press the Stop button.
Observe the lock pin movements of V2.

 V2 lock closes ‘Air’ slot and opens ‘A/B’ slot.
CAL-A/B IN flow checking:

 Remove the pinch valve tubing end point present at the bottom of fill port
 Pull the syringe and take out the solution in to it before counter reaches to
‘0’.
 If the solution comes out freely in to the needle that means the valves V1 &
V2 are functioning and there is no blockage in flow path.
 If the solution does not comes out and syringe goes reverse flow then the
reasons are either may valve V1 or V2 are not functioning or there is a
blockage in flow path. Hence, flush the tubing with DI water, Air and check
the pinch valves connectors (heater 1, heater 2 & heater 3) on Motor driver
card.
Air flow:
Check Air flow through valves as per its respective functionality. It activates
Air flow and provides 300 seconds time duration to check its operation. When the
time gets completed, it deactivates automatically or the user can off it by press
the Stop button.
54
Observe the lock pins movements of V1, V2 & V3. There is no movements
and are in ideal states.
Air flow checking:

 Pull the syringe and take out Air in to it before counter reaches to ‘0’.
 If the Air comes out freely in to the needle that means the valves V1 & V2 are
functioning and there is no blockage in Air flow path.
 If the Air does not comes out and syringe goes reverse flow then the reasons
are either may valve V1 or V2 are not functioning or there is a blockage in Air
flow path. Hence, flush the tubing with DI water, Air and check the pinch
valves connectors (heater 1, heater 2 & heater 3) on Motor driver card.
CAL-A/B/Air flow:
Check Cal A/B/Air flow through valves as per its respective functionality. It
activates Cal A/B/Air flow and provides 300 seconds time duration to check its
operation. When the time gets completed, it deactivates automatically or the
user can off it by press the Stop button.
55
Observe the lock pins movements of V1, V2 & V3. There is no movements and are
in ideal states.
CAL-A/B/Air flow checking:

 Pull the syringe and take out the solution in to it before counter reaches to
‘0’.
 If the solution comes out freely in to the needle that means the valves V1 &
V2 are functioning and there is no blockage in flow path.
 If the solution does not comes out and syringe goes reverse flow then the
reasons are either may valve V1 or V2 are not functioning or there is a
blockage in flow path. Hence, flush the tubing with DI water, Air and check
the pinch valves connectors (heater 1, heater 2 & heater 3) on Motor driver
card.
CAL-C Flow:
Check Cal C flow through valves as per its respective functionality. It activates
Cal C flow and provides 300 seconds time duration to check its operation. When
Observe the lock pin movement of V3.
 V3 lock closes the output of V2 and opens CAL-C slot.
CAL-C flow checking:

 Pull the syringe and take out the solution (CAL-C) in to it before counter
reaches to ‘0’.
 If the CAL-C solution comes out freely in to the needle that means the valves
V3 is functioning and there is no blockage in CAL-C flow path.
56
 If the CAL-C solution does not comes out and syringe goes reverse flow then
the reason is valve V3 is not functioning or there is a blockage in CAL-C flow
path. Hence, flush the tubing with DI water, Air and check the pinch valve
connector (heater 3) on Motor driver card.
4.6.6 Electrode cleaning

After performing calibration if slopes are not in the range or giving **** even
liquid flow is perfect, then clean electrodes by using below mentioned methods.
 Run Daily cleaner.

 Then also it is not giving good results then flush electrode stack using DI
water.
 Clean deposited protein from electrode blocks with daily cleaner or
de-ionized water firmly by flushing with syringe and reassembled electrode
housing carefully.
Caution:
 Do not use the spring needle or plain needle to clean the deposited protein
from electrode blocks as it contains different parameters.
 After doing every step please calibrate the instrument two times with print
mV is ON.
Calibration slope ranges: If it is in the following range
Na : Should be in between 100 to 35 mV/decade

K : Should be in between 100 to 35 mV/decade
iCa : Should be in between 50 to 15 mV/decade
Cl : Should be in between 100 to 30 mV/decade
Li : Should be in between 100 to 30 mV/decade
pH : Should be in between 100 to 30 mV/decade
pCO2: Should be in between 150 to 40 mV/decade
pO2: Should be in between 160 to 30 mV/decade
HCT: Should be in between 100 to 20 mV/decade
Then go for sample analysis otherwise replace faulty electrode.
57
5. Error messages:
5.1. ± 460 mV’s or equal mV’s error:
 If you are getting all Cal B, Cal C & Cal A mV’s as ± 460 mV’s or equal mV’s Error
then look at left down corner of the reference slightly so that you can see the
reference hole having any bubbles. If bubbles are present in the pin hole,
knock it or slightly shake up side down the reference to remove the bubbles
from the hole. If bubbles are completely removed then calibrate the
instrument it will work.
Figure 40 Reference housing
Also check any salt coming from silver pin side. If yes clean it & try to place
the reference in the instrument & check mV’s.
See reference IFS (Inner Filling Solution) is leak from any side. If yes don't use it.
 After trying all the above steps and then check reference Pogo pin. And make
sure that it should be tight.
 Then also problem remain same, then Reinsert Pre amplifier board on the
mother board, and make sure that no loose connections on the Pre amplifier
board. Reinsert the connections on the Pre amp.
5.2 pO2 974 mV’s (or) ***** Bubble error:

If pO2 mV’s are getting 974 repeatedly in calibration, then keep analyzer in
ideal condition for 30 to 60 minutes. If not solved after few calibrations also then,
try with another electrode and check the reference Pogo pin. And make sure that
it should be tight. Then also problem remain same, then reinsert Pre amplifier
board on the mother board, and make sure that no loose connections on the Pre
amplifier board. Reinsert the connections on the Pre amp.
58
5.3 Drift Error:

Instrument will always crosscheck with previous calibration mV’s. For
Electrolytes if the difference between previous calibration mV’s and recent
calibration mV’s is more than 10 it will flag DRIFT, repeat calibration.
Refer take care sheet provided with instrument.
ERROR MESSAGE POSSIBLE CAUSES REMEDIAL ACTION

The pO2 mV’s are not stable or
the ratio between pO2 CAL-B
CAL-B Baseline Error Repeat the calibration.
mV’s and pO2 Air mV’s is out of
range.
The pO2 mV’s are not stable or
the ratio between pO2 CAL-C
CAL-C Baseline Error Repeat the calibration.
mV’s and pO2 Air mV’s is out of
range.
Flush with distilled water
Liquid is there in sample
and clean the sample
AIR NOT DETECTED detector or Sample detector is
detector with 0.9 mm OD
not connected properly.
bold needle and recheck.
Occurs at 85% pack usage. Pack
INSUFFICIENT PACK
must be Check reagent pack.
PLEASE REPLACE
replaced.
Flush with distilled water
Liquid is not present in sample and clean the sample
LIQUID NOT DETECTED
detector. detector with 0.9 mm OD
bold needle and recheck.
PACK EXPIRED Reagent pack expired. Check date & time
Sample not aspirated or
Insufficient sample is aspirated
Aspirate sufficient clear
Air in Sample or sample is not aspirated in 60
sample before 60 sec.
sec. or hazy sample is
aspirated.
Check RFID connectors or
Connection error RFID system is not working.
replace RFID board.
Check the Orange
Pack not inserted properly or
(protocol) LED on the RFID
Please Insert pack there is no communication
PCB. It should glow while
between pack & RFID PCB.
checking the pack.
Cleaning solution is not Aspirate sufficient daily
Air in Cleaner
detected correctly. cleaning solution.
Check reagent pack
consumption and do
Calibration A solution is not
Air in CAL A prime CAL A check
detected correctly.
weather liquid is coming
out or not.
59
Check reagent pack

consumption and do
Calibration B solution is not
Air in CAL B prime CAL B check
detected correctly.
weather liquid is coming
out or not.
Check reagent pack
Calibration C solution is not consumption & do prime
Air in CAL C
detected correctly. CAL C check weather liquid
is coming out or not.
milli Volts of Na electrode differ
Drift Na from previous sample analysis Calibrate
milli Volts.
milli Volts of K electrode differ
Drift K from previous sample analysis Calibrate
milli Volts.
milli Volts of iCa electrode differ
Drift iCa from previous sample analysis Calibrate
milli Volts.
milli Volts of Li electrode differ
Drift Li from previous sample analysis Calibrate
milli Volts.
milli Volts of pH electrode differ
Drift pH from previous sample analysis Calibrate
milli Volts.
milli Volts of Cl electrode differ
Drift Cl from previous sample analysis Calibrate
milli Volts.
milli Volts of pCO2 electrode differ
Drift pCO2 from previous sample analysis Calibrate
milli Volts.
milli Volts of pO2 electrode differ
Drift pO2 from previous sample analysis Calibrate
milli Volts.
milli Volts of HCT electrode differ
Drift HCT from previous sample analysis Calibrate
milli Volts.
Bubble at Na
Bubble at K
Bubble at iCa
Bubble at Li Knock membrane part of
Bubble at pH Bubble is present at membrane reference housing.
Bubble at Cl part of reference housing
Bubble at pCO2 Refer: Topic 5.1
Bubble at HCT
Depends on selected
model.
Any other error message rather then above messages arrives or could not solve the
problem refer to technical person or service center.
60
6. SOFTWARE UP-DATE:
6.1 Software .hex file update

Software can be upgraded by using FET-Pro430 Lite Software and J-Tag.
SOFTWARE UPGRADATION THROUGH JTAG:
STEP 1: Download and install FET-Pro430 Lite Software from below link. Flash
Programmers for TI's MSP430 MCU uses TI's FET Adapter.
http://www.elprotronic.com/download.html
STEP 2: Create a desktop shortcut file of FETPRO LITE Software.
STEP 3: Now connect JTAG 14 PIN male connector to motherboard female pin and
USB connection to PC (Computer) respectively.
Figure 41 MSP430 JTAG
STEP 4: After connecting the device, switch on the instrument and open the FETPRO
Lite application by double-clicking on the shortcut key. Ensure to observe the red &
green led glows.
STEP 5: After opening the application you need to click on open source code sub
menu and browse the path for .HEX file provided by us.
STEP 6: Select respective controller GROUP (MSP430F6xx) and the controller specified
MSP430F6779.
STEP 7: Now click on the Verify security fuse and wait for 5-6 seconds. You will find
the verify security fuse as passed. Then, click on the auto program (AUTO PROG.)
menu and wait for 2-3 minutes. After finishing the software update it will show
passed and completed syntax.
61
6.2 Application .apk file update
1. Uninstall the current ST-200CC application.

2. Delete the current ST-200CC .apk file from the internal storage.
3. Connect pen drive/storage device to the USB port of the analyzer.
4. Copy the latest ST-200CC .apk file from pen drive/storage device to the internal
storage of the analyzer.
5. Install the latest ST-200CC application in the analyzer.
6. Disconnect the pen drive/storage device from the analyzer.
7. Switch off and switch on the analyzer.
8. Open the latest ST-200CC application and press OK to access the USB device.
62
63
***End of the Document***
64
Manufactured by:
Sensa Core Medical Instrumenta on Pvt. Ltd.
Plot No.3, Export Promo on Industrial Park, Pashamylaram,
Sangareddy (Dist), Hyderabad- 502307, Telangana, INDIA.
www.sensacore.com, Tel: +08455 223400.
service@sensacore.com

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SERVICE MANUAL

Arterial Blood Gas Electrolyte Analyzer

3.1 Rear Cover removal ….. 27

4.4.3 Hemoglobin (Calculated) ….. 44

1.1 The Analyzer

The ST-200CC Arterial Blood Gas Electrolyte Analyzer is designed to be

Refer to Instruction for Use Manual

The analyzer is designed to be on at all times. It may be turned off without

The internal 2 inch thermal panel printer is with 48 mm print width in 56 mm

1.3 Cautions and Hazards

WARNING: Removal of the back door allows access to power supply

WARNING: Blood samples and blood products are potential sources of

NOTE: Refer to the manual. It is the responsibility of the service

Decontamination of external surface of the analyzer may be

1.4 Required tools

Term Description Term Description

Na+ Sodium ion BE-b Base Excess of the blood

Li+ Lithium ion Ag-Na Anion gap of Sodium

pH Potential of hydrogen Ag-K Anion gap of Potassium

Cl- Chloride ion SO2 Oxygen Saturation

pCO2, Whole blood measurement of certain gases in whole blood, or pH of

Na+ Sodium measurement is used in the diagnosis and treatment of

Cl- Chloride measurement is used in the diagnosis and treatment of

Glucose measurement is used in the diagnosis and treatment of

Lac Lactate (lactic acid) measurement is used to evaluate the acid-base

2.1 Front Assembly Components

Figure 1 Analytical Compartment

1. Printer 8. Front Door

The analyzer is designed to calibrate using internal Reagents. There are no

2.2 Fluid Circuit Parts

Figure 2 Flow path

2.3 Electrode Stacking

1. Unpack Electrodes, seals and reference housing from packing box.

Figure 3 Electrode Arrangements

2.4 Electrode Housing

All Electrodes are stacking in Reference housing, it consist of Potassium

Inner Filling Solution

Figure 4 Electrode housing

Electrodes should be stacked as mentioned depending upon the model.

Figure 5 Parameter combination

2.5 Mechanical Assemblies

2.5.1 Valve module

Figure 6 Valve Module

Pinch Valve module handling:

2.5.3 Pump Motor

Front View Pump Assembly Modules

Figure 8 Pump module

2.5.4 Flip Thermal System

Figure 9 Flip Thermal System

2.6 Electronic Assemblies

2.6.1 Power Distribution

2.6.2 Spare Parts - Description/Part Number

S.No. Spare Part Part Number

2.6.3 Mother Board

Figure 10 Mother Board

Voltage on Respective fuse

There are no serviceable/replaceable components on this board.

TP 5(12V) TP 3(5V) TP 2(3.3V)

Fuse (5A) Fuse (2A) Fuse (2A)

Fuse (5A) Fuse (5A) Fuse (5A)

Figure 11 Mother Board Test points & Voltages

The voltages at each IC is given below:

2.6.4 Pre Amplifier board

Figure 12 Pre-Amplifier Board