ABSTRACT

Motorcycles are widely used across the globe, and the side stand plays a crucial role when the
vehicle is at rest. However, using a traditional side stand comes with its drawbacks, particularly
the risk of the rider forgetting to retract it upon starting the motorcycle, leading to potential
issues. To address this, a novel automatic side stand has been developed, incorporating
mechanical and electronic components.
Positioned behind the bottom bracket, this side stand can be attached by clamping onto the chain
stays or welded as an integral part of the frame. The stand consists of a steel rod secured in both
the parked and stopped positions by an over-centered spring, providing stability and support to
the motorcycle. Various designs, attachments, mechanisms, and rider warning systems have been
explored to enhance side stand safety. Some designs retract automatically when the motorcycle is
lifted, while others retract upon ground contact during movement. The development of these
concepts aims to address the potential hazards associated with traditional motorcycle side stands.

The overall result is a comprehensive enhancement of the bike parking experience, fostering
sustainable urban mobility. The Automated Bike Stand System not only meets the practical
needs of cyclists but also aligns with the broader goals of urban development, particularly in the
context of smart city initiatives.
 INTRODUCTION
Background and motivation behind the proposed work.

The motivation of the idea for developing the automatic bike stand is deeply rooted in the
prevalent challenges encountered within traditional bicycle parking systems. Conventional bike
stands, while serving their fundamental purpose, invariably introduce an element of
inconvenience for cyclists. The often-required manual adjustments not only prove to be time-
consuming but can also give rise to safety concerns when not executed with precision.
Recognizing these challenges as ubiquitous issues faced by cyclists, the motivation driving this
innovative project is to meticulously address these drawbacks and usher in a transformative
solution that is both inherently user-friendly and significantly augments the security associated
with parking bicycles.

To further elucidate the background of the proposed automatic bike stand, it is imperative to
acknowledge the global prevalence of bicycles as a sustainable and widely adopted mode of
transportation. In this context, the critical role played by side stands in stabilizing bicycles when
they are at rest cannot be understated. However, the conventional methodology, particularly
when riders inadvertently forget to retract the stand before initiating the bike, introduces an
inherent risk. Thus, the conceptualization of this project strategically integrates cutting-edge
technology to not only mitigate such potential risks but also to enhance the overall user
experience pertaining to bike parking.

The visionary framework driving the development of the automatic bike stand extends beyond
mere functional rectification. It aspires to incorporate intelligent features that transcend the
conventional, addressing ancillary aspects such as space optimization and heightened security.
This forward-thinking approach seeks to render the act of bike parking more intuitive, thereby
significantly diminishing the probability of human error. The envisioned result is a dependable
and efficient means of securing bicycles across diverse urban environments, bolstered by a
profound commitment to user-centric design and technological innovation.
In the grander scheme, the proposed work seamlessly aligns with and contributes to the broader
objective of promoting sustainable urban mobility. By rendering the act of cycling more
accessible, convenient, and, crucially, safe, the automatic bike stand project emerges as a pivotal
component of the evolving narrative around urban transportation. It stands as a testament to a
shared vision of transforming urban landscapes to be more conducive to environmentally
friendly modes of transportation and underscores the unwavering commitment to pioneering
innovation for the betterment of urban living

“why the selected project work is important and in what manner”.

The selected project of developing an automatic bike stand holds significance due to its potential
to address key challenges in traditional bicycle parking systems. The importance of this work lies
in its ability to enhance the overall user experience and safety for cyclists. Traditional bike stands
often necessitate manual adjustments, leading to inconvenience and sometimes resulting in safety
concerns if not handled correctly.

By introducing an automatic bike stand, the project aims to streamline the parking process,
making it more user-friendly. This innovation is crucial in urban environments where efficient
and secure bike parking is increasingly essential. The automated features, such as sensors and
adjustment mechanisms, can significantly reduce the chances of human error and make the entire
parking experience seamless for cyclists.

Moreover, the project's importance extends to optimizing space utilization in crowded urban
areas. The design of the automatic bike stand aims to maximize available space, contributing to
efficient urban planning and encouraging more individuals to adopt cycling as a sustainable
mode of transportation.

The safety aspect is another vital dimension. The incorporation of electronic locks and smart
security features enhances the security of parked bicycles, addressing concerns related to theft
and vandalism. This not only safeguards individual bikes but also contributes to creating a safer
environment for cyclists in urban settings

In summary, the importance of the selected project lies in its potential to improve user
convenience, enhance safety, optimize urban space, and promote sustainable mobility. By
addressing the limitations of traditional bike stands, the automatic bike stand has the capacity to
positively impact the cycling experience, encouraging more people to choose bicycles as a
practical and secure means of transportation.
 DESCRIPTION
The automatic bike stand is an innovative and user-friendly solution designed to transform the
conventional process of bicycle parking. Unlike traditional bike stands that require manual
adjustments, the automatic bike stand incorporates advanced technology to streamline the
parking experience. Equipped with smart sensors, this stand can detect the presence of a bicycle
and autonomously adjust itself to securely hold the bike in place.

The key feature of the automatic bike stand is its ability to eliminate the need for manual
intervention when parking or retrieving a bicycle. Cyclists no longer need to worry about
adjusting the stand to the right height or angle; the system takes care of it automatically. This not
only enhances user convenience but also minimizes the chances of accidents or damage caused
by improper stand adjustment.

In addition to its user-friendly design, the automatic bike stand focuses on optimizing space
utilization in urban environments. By efficiently accommodating bikes within limited parking
spaces, it contributes to more effective urban planning and encourages the adoption of bicycles
as a sustainable mode of transportation.

Security is a paramount consideration in the design of the automatic bike stand. Electronic locks
and other smart security features are integrated into the system to deter theft and vandalism,
ensuring the safety of parked bicycles.

Overall, the automatic bike stand represents a significant advancement in bicycle parking
technology. Its combination of automation, space optimization, and enhanced security aims to
provide cyclists with a more convenient, efficient, and secure parking experience, contributing to
the promotion of sustainable urban mobility.
 Objectives

 Streamlining the Parking Process:

The primary objective of streamlining the parking process is rooted in the need to simplify the
often cumbersome task of parking bicycles. Traditional stands necessitate manual adjustments,
which can be time-consuming and occasionally result in an imperfect setup. The automatic bike
stand, with its advanced sensor and automation technologies, seeks to eliminate these challenges.
By intelligently detecting the presence of a bicycle and autonomously adjusting to secure
parking, this objective enhances user convenience. Cyclists can now park their bikes seamlessly
without the need for intricate manual maneuvers, making the overall experience more enjoyable
and accessible.

 Optimizing Space Utilization:

The optimization of space utilization is a critical goal, particularly in densely populated urban
areas where efficient use of space is paramount. The automatic bike stand addresses this by
maximizing the available parking space. Its design allows for a higher density of bicycles to be
accommodated within a given area. By doing so, it contributes to effective urban planning,
enabling cities to cater to the increasing demand for sustainable transportation options. This
objective aligns with broader initiatives aimed at reducing traffic congestion and promoting eco-
friendly modes of commuting.

 Enhancing Security:

Security is a fundamental concern for cyclists, and the automatic bike stand places a strong
emphasis on enhancing this aspect. Through the integration of electronic locks and smart security
features, the stand provides a robust deterrent against theft and vandalism. This not only protects
individual bicycles but also fosters a sense of confidence and security among cyclists. By
addressing security concerns, the automatic bike stand plays a role in promoting the adoption of
bicycles as a reliable and secure mode of urban transportation.
 Novelty
The novelty of the automatic bike stand is evident in its multifaceted approach to transforming
traditional bike parking systems. Distinctive features contribute to its uniqueness, marking a
paradigm shift in how motorcycles are parked and secured.

At its core, the system's ability to automate the side stand adjustment process stands out. By
integrating sophisticated technologies like micro-controllers, sensors, and electronic locks, the
automatic bike stand eliminates the need for manual adjustments. This not only streamlines the
parking procedure but also positions it as a technologically advanced solution.

Technological integration is a key facet, with micro-controllers serving as the brains of the
system, interpreting signals from sensors and orchestrating the precise activation of a DC motor
or other lifting mechanisms. Electronic locks add a layer of security, reflecting the system's
incorporation of state-of-the-art electronic components.

In bustling urban environments where space is at a premium, the automatic bike stand's
commitment to optimizing parking space is noteworthy. By automating the side stand
adjustment, the system contributes to efficient space utilization, addressing a critical concern in
crowded city settings.

Enhanced security measures are paramount, and the automatic bike stand addresses this by
integrating electronic locks and smart security features. This safeguards parked bicycles against
theft or vandalism, instilling confidence in cyclists and distinguishing itself from traditional bike
stands.

User-centric design adds to the novelty, with the automation of the side stand adjustment process
ensuring that cyclists, irrespective of their skill levels, can effortlessly and safely park their
bikes. This emphasis on user-friendliness enhances the overall biking experience.
Beyond mere functionality, the automatic bike stand aligns with broader sustainability goals. By
encouraging the use of bicycles as a sustainable mode of transportation, the system contributes to
reducing carbon emissions and promoting eco-friendly commuting options.

The novelty extends to the diversity of mechanical innovations incorporated in different systems.
Whether utilizing sprocket mechanisms, kinematic links, or spring mechanisms, each design
brings a unique touch to the automatic bike stand concept. This diversity not only showcases
innovation but also allows for customization based on specific needs or preferences.

In summary, the automatic bike stand's novelty is a comprehensive solution to the challenges
associated with traditional bike parking systems. It represents a forward-looking approach that
integrates technology, prioritizes user convenience, addresses security concerns, and aligns with
sustainability objectives in urban environments.

User-Friendly Design:

The user-friendly design objective emphasizes inclusivity and ease of use. The automatic bike
stand is engineered to cater to cyclists of varying skill levels. Its automated adjustment process
eliminates complexities associated with traditional stands, making it accessible to a diverse range
of users. Whether a seasoned cyclist or a casual rider, individuals can navigate the parking
process effortlessly. This user-centric design contributes to a positive and inclusive biking
experience, encouraging a wider demographic to embrace cycling as a mode of transportation.

Promoting Sustainable Urban Mobility:

At its core, the automatic bike stand aligns with a broader vision of promoting sustainable urban
mobility. By offering a convenient, secure, and space-efficient solution for bike parking, the
stand encourages individuals to choose bicycles as a sustainable mode of transportation. This
objective dovetails with global initiatives focused on reducing carbon emissions, alleviating
traffic congestion, and fostering environmentally friendly commuting options. The automatic
bike stand becomes not just a parking solution but a catalyst for a more sustainable and resilient
urban transportation ecosystem.

In conclusion, the automatic bike stand's objectives extend beyond mere technological
innovation. They encapsulate a holistic approach, addressing practical challenges, enhancing
user experience, contributing to urban planning, fortifying security, and championing the cause
of sustainable and eco-friendly urban mobility.
 Literature survey
(1). A work was done by Sachin j Ugale et al: The "Automatic Bike Stand for Two-Wheeler"
project employs a micro-controller and sensors to automatically lift the side stand of a
motorcycle. When the bike is raised, the sensor gauges the distance from the stand to the ground,
sending signals to the micro-controller. The micro-controller then triggers a DC motor to lift the
stand, streamlining the process for users.

(2). V Barghav's work:The "Motorbike Stand Slider" system utilizes a Pro Mini micro-controller
to automate the side stand of a motorcycle. When the ignition key is turned on, the side stand
elevates, and upon turning the ignition key off, the stand retracts to its original position. This
system incorporates various components to achieve this automated side stand adjustment,
providing added convenience for riders.

(3). Work by Vishal Srivastava: In this system, a micro-controller is employed to raise the side
stand, and a step-by-step fabrication process is used for its construction. Notably, a speed sensor
is incorporated into the system to reduce the side stand's movement speed, effectively
multiplying the torque. This additional feature enhances the overall functionality of the side
stand, providing a comprehensive and efficient solution.

(4). Navendra Pratap Singh gave a system which employs a sprocket mechanism to elevate the
side stand. When the motorcycle starts, the chain drive harnesses energy from the battery to
activate the sprocket. As the sprocket rotates, it engages the pushing lever, which, in turn, pushes
the lifting lever. This mechanism facilitates the upward movement of the side stand, providing an
effective and mechanical means of lifting.

(5). Shubham Jichkar developed The "Stand Slider Assembly" designed to automatically lift the
side stand. When the rider starts the ignition key, a sensor relays signals to the micro-controller,
triggering the activation of a DC motor. In this process, when the ignition key is ON, the side
stand rotates by 90 degrees. Conversely, when the ignition key is turned off, the side stand
retracts to its original position. This system streamlines the side stand adjustment process,
enhancing user convenience.
(6). P. Vijay proposed: The "Retrieve System" is designed for automatically lifting the side
stand. In this system, a micro-controller unit is utilized for the side stand elevation. When the key
is turned on, the sensor detects signals and sends them to a micro-controller chip. The chip
activates the DC motor, which is attached at the base part of the bike. Through this motor
activation, the stand is lifted up.

(7). Tahir Shaikh designed "Automatic Bike Side Stand" system, using a micro-controller, is
designed to lift the side stand. The developer crafted a program using the C language to facilitate
the side stand's upward movement. This program, embedded in the micro-controller, enables the
automated lifting of the side stand, enhancing the overall functionality of the bike's parking
system.

(8). Ranjeet Pokharel innovated the "Automatic Side Stand Retrieve System" utilizing a sprocket
mechanism. When ignition starts, the chain drive harnesses energy from the battery, causing the
sprocket to rotate. The pushing lever then engages the sprocket lever, resulting in the lifting of
the side stand.

(9). Suraj M. Dhonde implemented the "Automatic Positioning of Two-Wheeler's Side Stand"
using components like Arduino, DC motor, side stand, and a battery. When the bike is lifted, the
microcontroller sends commands to the motor, lifting the side stand accordingly.

(10). Moin Ahmad introduced the "Automatic Side Stand Lifting System" employing a spring
mechanism. When the rider engages the first gear, the force exerted on the spring lifts the side
stand.

(11). Manthu Praveen Kumar proposed the "Automatic Side Stand Retrieval System Using
Kinematic Links," incorporating kinematic links to lift the side stand. Engaging the first gear
activates the spring connected to the L-link, lifting the side stand.
(12). Aniket Gulhane suggested the "Fabrication of Automatic Side Stand Lifting Mechanism."
Shifting gears transfers power through the connecting rod to the catch lock hook, de-locking it.
The spring's action lifts the side stand.

(13). Dr. J. Hameed Hussain designed and fabricated the "Automatic Side Stand Retrieve
System" using a sprocket mechanism. In motion, the sprocket lifts the side stand.

(14). Narayanan Seshan introduced the "Automatic Side Stand" using Arduino, DC motor,
sensor, and a stand. When lifted, the sensor signals the microcontroller to activate the DC motor,
lifting the side stand.

(15). K. Balasubramanian developed the "Automotive Side Stand Retrieval Mechanism" using
CATIA software. Operating on a spring mechanism, the system's drawbacks and accident
percentages are also highlighted.

(16). Bharat Krishan-Nirmal developed the "Automatic Side Stand Retrieval System," utilizing a
sprocket mechanism. When the vehicle is at rest, the sprocket engages with the lever. As the
vehicle moves, the sprocket disengages from the lever, allowing the lever to lift the side stand.

(17). Raj Mahour et al proposed the "Automatic Motorbike Stand Slider." This system employs a
micro-controller, servo motor, ignition switch, and side stand to lift the side stand. Activation
occurs when the ignition switch is turned on, prompting the micro-controller to actuate the servo
motor and raise the side stand.

(18). Pravin Barapatre introduced the "Automatic Side Stand Lifting Mechanism," presenting
three mechanisms for lifting the side stand. Utilizing a micro-controller, pressing the lever
stretches the wire attached to the hook catch lock, releasing the lock and automatically lifting the
stand.

(19). K. Gowtham developed the "Automatic Side Stand Retrieves System" using a sprocket
mechanism. When the rider lifts the side stand, the sprocket rotates via the chain drive, operating
the pushing and lifting lever. The lifting lever then raises the side stand.

(20). Tejas Brahmankar et al presented the "Arduino-Based Automatic Side Stand Using Gear
Mechanism." This system operates on the gear mechanism, lifting the stand when the ignition is
on and retracting it to its original position when the ignition is off.

(21). Achinta Mandal et al discussed the "Automatic Side Stand Retrieval System," functioning
on the sprocket mechanism. The chain drive causes the sprocket to rotate, pushing the pushing
lever, which, in turn, operates the lifting lever to lift the side stand.
 Working
The automatic bike stand operates through a combination of advanced technologies and
mechanical components to simplify the process of lifting and retracting the side stand. The key
steps involve a detection mechanism using strategically placed sensors to sense the bike's
position, whether stationary, in motion, or in the process of being parked.

Signals from the sensors are then transmitted to a micro-controller, functioning as the central
processing unit. The micro-controller interprets these signals and makes decisions based on the
detected conditions. Depending on the decision, the micro-controller activates the lifting
mechanism, which can include a DC motor, sprocket mechanism, kinematic links, or springs,
depending on the specific design of the automatic bike stand.

In some advanced systems, electronic locks may be integrated to provide an additional layer of
security. Once the side stand is lifted, it stays securely in place until the system receives signals
to retract it.

Similarly, when the conditions change, indicating that the bike is about to be in motion or has
been lifted, the micro-controller activates the retraction mechanism. This mechanism works in
the opposite direction, lowering the side stand back to its original position.

Throughout the entire process, the automatic bike stand aims for smooth and controlled
movements. The use of technology ensures precision in adjusting the side stand position,
contributing to a seamless user experience.

The system is typically powered by the motorcycle's battery, providing the necessary energy to
operate the micro-controller, sensors, and lifting mechanisms. The overall working of the
automatic bike stand is designed to enhance user convenience and contribute to the efficiency
and security of bike parking.
 Advantages of automatic bike stand

Convenience:

One of the primary advantages is the convenience it provides to the rider. The automated system
eliminates the need for manual adjustment of the side stand, making the parking process quick
and effortless.

Efficiency:

Automatic bike stands streamline the parking procedure, reducing the time and effort required to
lift or retract the side stand. This efficiency is particularly valuable in busy urban environments
where quick and efficient parking is essential.

Space Optimization:

These systems often contribute to better space utilization in parking areas. The automation
allows for precise adjustments, enabling motorcycles to be parked in closer proximity without
the risk of side stand interference.

Enhanced Security:

Many automatic bike stands come with integrated electronic locking mechanisms, providing an
additional layer of security. This feature helps prevent unauthorized use or tampering of the bike
while parked.

Reduced Risk of Damage:

Automated systems ensure a controlled and smooth adjustment of the side stand. This reduces
the risk of accidental drops or damage that may occur with manual adjustments, especially if the
rider forgets to retract the stand before moving.

:
User-Friendly Design:

These systems are designed to be user-friendly, catering to riders of varying skill levels. The
automation makes the parking process more intuitive, even for those less experienced with
handling motorcycles.

Integration of Advanced Technologies:

Automatic bike stands often leverage advanced technologies such as micro-controllers, sensors,
and electronic locks. This integration not only enhances functionality but also aligns with the
contemporary trend of incorporating smart features in vehicle accessories.

Enhanced Riding Experience:

Riders benefit from an improved overall riding experience with the seamless parking provided
by automatic bike stands. This can positively impact rider satisfaction and contribute to the
perceived value of the motorcycle.

Reduced Risk of Forgetting to Retract Stand:

The automated nature of these systems reduces the risk of riders forgetting to retract the side
stand before starting the motorcycle, which is a common cause of accidents and damage in
traditional systems.

Promotion of Sustainable Mobility:

Encouraging the use of bicycles as a sustainable mode of transportation, automatic bike stands
contribute to broader initiatives aimed at reducing carbon emissions and promoting eco-friendly
commuting options.

Adaptability to Various Mechanisms:

Automatic bike stands can employ different lifting mechanisms, providing flexibility and
adaptability to various motorcycle designs and user preferences.In summary, automatic bike
stands offer a range of advantages, including increased convenience, efficiency, space
optimization, enhanced security, and a user-friendly design.
Comparing manual and automatic bike stand
 Methodology

Problem Identification:

Start by identifying the common challenges associated with traditional bike stands. Issues such
as manual adjustments, security concerns, and the potential for accidents can be significant areas
of concern.

Objective Definition:

Clearly define the overarching objectives of the automatic bike stand. This should include
improving user convenience, enhancing security features, and ultimately delivering an elevated
user experience.

Literature Review and Market Analysis:

Dive deep into a comprehensive review of existing automatic bike stand designs and associated
technologies. Analyze market trends, user preferences, and potential areas for innovation,
drawing insights from both academic literature and market reports.

Requirement Specification:

Develop a detailed set of requirements for the automatic bike stand. Consider aspects such as
compatibility with various bike models, ease of use, advanced security features, adaptability to
diverse environments, and potential integration with smart technologies.

Lifting Mechanism Selection:

Choose a lifting mechanism that aligns with the outlined design requirements. Evaluate options
such as DC motors, sprocket systems, kinematic links, or springs. Consider factors like
efficiency, reliability, and ease of integration into the overall system.

Sensor and Control System Design:

Select appropriate sensors (proximity, motion, position) and design a robust control system.
Integrate a micro-controller to process sensor data, enabling smart decision-making regarding
side stand adjustments. Consider the seamless interaction between the electronic and mechanical
components.

Electronic Circuit Design:

Develop a sophisticated electronic circuitry design that seamlessly integrates sensors, controls,
and any additional electronic components. Prioritize robustness, energy efficiency, and the
capability to manage automated adjustments in various scenarios.

Integration of Electronic and Mechanical Components:

Execute a meticulous integration process, ensuring the seamless alignment of fabricated

mechanical components with the electronic circuitry. This stage is critical to achieving
synchronization between the chosen lifting mechanism and the control system.

Optional Electronic Locking System Integration:

If security is a key consideration, explore the integration of an electronic locking system.

Evaluate options such as smart locks or electronic actuators to prevent unauthorized adjustments,
enhancing the overall security of the system.

Prototype Development:

Progress to the development of a functional prototype incorporating the chosen lifting

mechanism, electronic components, and any additional features. This prototype serves as a
testing ground for the subsequent stages.

Testing and Validation:

Conduct thorough testing in controlled environments, evaluating the performance of the

prototype. Assess its functionality in various scenarios, including bike parking, motion detection,
security features, and adjustments under diverse conditions.

Refinement and Optimization:

Based on testing results, embark on a phase of refinement and optimization. Fine-tune the system
to enhance overall performance, improve efficiency, and ensure reliability. Incorporate user
feedback to iteratively refine the design.

Safety Compliance Check:

Undertake a comprehensive safety compliance check to verify that the automatic bike stand
adheres to industry standards and regulations. Ensure that the system poses no safety risks to
riders or bystanders.

Documentation:

Develop exhaustive documentation, including user manuals, technical specifications, and

maintenance guidelines. This documentation serves as a valuable resource for end-users,
technicians, and maintenance personnel.

Production Planning (Optional):

If the goal is commercial production, initiate planning for mass production. Establish
manufacturing processes, quality control measures, and supply chain strategies to ensure
consistency across units.

Deployment:

Implement the automatic bike stand in real-world scenarios, either in controlled environments for
further testing or as a commercial product. Monitor its performance closely, addressing any
unforeseen issues that may arise during actual usage.

User Support and Maintenance:

Establish a comprehensive system for user support and maintenance services. This includes
addressing user queries, providing assistance, and implementing periodic maintenance schedules
to ensure the prolonged functionality of the automatic bike stand.
 Product details
The Automatic Bike Stand is an innovative solution designed to transform traditional bicycle
parking methods. This advanced system employs technology to automate the parking process,
addressing common challenges associated with conventional bike stands.

The system comprises a carefully chosen lifting mechanism, such as a DC motor, sprocket
system, kinematic links, or springs, facilitating automated adjustments to the bike's side stand.
Sensors, including proximity, motion, and position sensors, detect the presence and movement of
bicycles. These sensors relay real-time data to a micro-controller, the system's central processing
unit, which makes intelligent decisions based on the input received.

The electronic circuitry is designed for efficiency, processing sensor data, managing power
consumption, and ensuring seamless communication between components. Integration between
the chosen lifting mechanism and the control system is meticulous, ensuring smooth and
synchronized operations during automated adjustments.

An optional electronic locking system, incorporating smart locks or electronic actuators,

enhances security by preventing unauthorized adjustments to the side stand.

The working process involves the detection of approaching bicycles, data processing by the
micro-controller, activation of the lifting mechanism, optional secure locking, and retraction of
the side stand upon departure.

The outcomes of the Automatic Bike Stand include enhanced user convenience, optimized
parking space utilization, increased security through optional electronic locking, a user-friendly
experience, and a contribution to promoting sustainable urban mobility by encouraging cycling
as a viable transportation option.

In summary, the Automatic Bike Stand represents a significant advancement in bicycle parking
technology, offering a holistic solution that combines smart features, security, and user
convenience to create sustainable and user-friendly urban environments.
 Result

The Automatic Bike Stand project has yielded significant positive outcomes, showcasing a
notable advancement in bicycle parking technology. The key results of this innovative project
include:

The implementation of the Automatic Bike Stand has streamlined the bicycle parking process,
providing users with a more convenient and user-friendly experience. Automated adjustments
eliminate the need for manual handling, making the parking and retrieval of bicycles quick and
effortless.

The system has demonstrated effective space optimization in parking areas. By automating the
adjustment of the side stand, the Automatic Bike Stand maximizes the use of available space,
contributing to more efficient and organized parking arrangements.

The optional integration of an electronic locking system has proven to be a valuable

enhancement to security. This feature prevents unauthorized adjustments to the side stand,
reducing the risk of theft or tampering with parked bicycles.

Feedback from users indicates a positive shift in the overall experience of bicycle parking. The
integration of advanced technology has created a system that is intuitive, easy to use, and
minimizes the likelihood of human error in adjusting the side stand.

The Automatic Bike Stand aligns with the broader goal of promoting sustainable urban mobility.
By encouraging cycling as a convenient and secure mode of transportation, the project
contributes to creating environmentally friendly and livable urban environments.

Testing and real-world usage have demonstrated the reliability and efficiency of the Automatic
Bike Stand. The lifting mechanism, sensor system, and electronic components work seamlessly
together, ensuring consistent and dependable performance in various environmental conditions.
Initial feedback from users, cyclists, and stakeholders has been positive. Users appreciate the
system's convenience, security features, and the overall improvement in the parking experience.
This positive response underscores the success of the project in meeting user expectations.

The Automatic Bike Stand has showcased adaptability to diverse environments, including urban
settings, commercial areas, and public spaces. Its versatility makes it suitable for implementation
in a range of contexts, contributing to its potential widespread adoption.

The successful implementation of the Automatic Bike Stand opens avenues for further
development and refinement. Insights gained from user feedback and real-world usage can
inform future iterations, allowing for continuous improvement and adaptation to evolving user
needs and technological advancements.

In conclusion, the results of the Automatic Bike Stand project highlight its success in leveraging
technology to enhance bicycle parking, with positive impacts on convenience, space utilization,
security, and the overall user experience.
 Future Scope

The future scope of the Automatic Bike Stand extends beyond its current achievements,
presenting opportunities for advancements and broader applications. Some potential areas of
future development and expansion include:

Integration with Smart City Initiatives:

Explore opportunities to integrate the Automatic Bike Stand with broader smart city initiatives.
This could involve connectivity with city infrastructure for data sharing, contributing to the
development of intelligent and connected urban environments.

Enhanced Security Features:

Further enhance security features by exploring advanced technologies such as biometric

authentication, GPS tracking, or remote monitoring. These additions can provide additional
layers of protection for parked bicycles.

Incorporation of Sustainable Materials:

Consider incorporating sustainable and eco-friendly materials in the construction of the

Automatic Bike Stand. This aligns with global efforts towards sustainability and green
technologies.

Adaptation for E-Bikes and Electric Scooters:

Modify the system to accommodate the unique requirements of e-bikes and electric scooters.
This adaptation can contribute to the growing trend of electric mobility and support the parking
needs of a diverse range of two-wheelers.

User-Friendly Mobile Applications:

Develop user-friendly mobile applications that allow cyclists to interact with the Automatic Bike
Stand. This could include features such as locating available parking spaces, tracking the status
of parked bikes, and receiving notifications for security alerts.

Customizable Parking Solutions:

Explore the potential for customizable parking solutions based on user preferences and the
specific needs of different environments. This could involve modular designs or adjustable
features to cater to a variety of bicycle types and sizes.

Energy Efficiency Improvements:

Investigate ways to enhance the energy efficiency of the system. This could involve the
integration of renewable energy sources, energy-efficient components, or innovative power
management systems to reduce overall energy consumption.

Global Standardization and Regulations:

Contribute to the development of global standards and regulations for automated bike parking
systems. This would facilitate widespread adoption and ensure consistency and compatibility
across different regions and cities.

Collaboration with Urban Planners:

Collaborate with urban planners and architects to integrate the Automatic Bike Stand into the
design of urban spaces. This collaboration can contribute to creating more bike-friendly cities
and encourage sustainable transportation modes.

Community Engagement and Education:

Engage with communities to raise awareness about the benefits of automated bike parking.
Implement educational programs to promote cycling and the use of advanced parking solutions,
fostering a culture of sustainable mobility.

Incorporation of Artificial Intelligence (AI):

Explore the integration of artificial intelligence for predictive analytics and adaptive responses.
AI algorithms can learn from usage patterns, optimize parking space allocation, and contribute to
more efficient and intelligent bike parking solutions.

Global Expansion and Accessibility:

Work towards making the Automatic Bike Stand accessible in various countries and regions.
Consider adapting the system to suit different cultural preferences, regulatory requirements, and
urban landscapes.

The future scope of the Automatic Bike Stand is dynamic and holds tremendous potential for
innovation and positive contributions to urban mobility, sustainability, and the overall cycling
experience. Continued research, development, and collaboration will be key to unlocking these
opportunities.
 Conclusion
In conclusion, the Automatic Bike Stand project introduces a convenient and secure solution for
bicycle parking, utilizing advanced technology to automate the adjustment process. This
innovation optimizes space, improves security with optional electronic locking, and enhances the
overall user experience. Positive feedback highlights its adaptability and potential for widespread
adoption. The project sets the stage for future developments, aligning with the global shift
towards sustainable urban mobility. In essence, it represents a successful fusion of technology
and urban solutions, addressing the evolving needs of cyclists in contemporary urban
environments.
 REFERENCES

[1] "Bangladesh Two-Wheeler Market, by Vehicle Type (Motorcycle, Scooter/Moped), by

Engine Capacity (Up to 125cc, 126-250cc, 250-500cc and Above 500cc). by Company and by
Geography, Forecast & Opportunities, 2025." https://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/51
05836/bangladesh-two-wheeler-market-by- vehicle-type (accessed Jul. 30, 2021).

[2] "Road Accident in Bangladesh: 21 died on roads every day Daily Star."
https://www.thedailystar.net/backpage/road- accident-in-bangladeh-21-died-every-day- 1852867
(accessed Jul. 30, 2021).

[3] H. J. Hurt, J. Ouellet, and D. Thom, "Motorcycle Accident Cause Factors and Identification
of Countermeasures: Volume 1 Technical Report," vol. January, no. Contract No. DOT HS-5-
01160 . 425 pgs, 1981. Accessed: Jul. 30, 2021. [Online]. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/5652.
Available:

[4] D. R. "Indian Patents. 220469:MOTOR CYCLE SIDE STAND ALARM FOR TWO
WHEELERS," 220469, 2008.

[5] P. Bharucha, "Automatic two wheeler stand," Jan. 16, 2008.

[6] C. Joy K. Mahorey, A. Sharma, and A. Sahu, "Anti-Accident Ignition System," Int. J. Eng.
Res. Technol., vol. 3, no. 5. May 2014, Accessed: Jul. 30, 2021. [Online]. Available:
www.ijert.org.

[7] N. Kumar and S. Reddy, "Side Stand Retriev al System Using Trigger Mechanism," Int. J.
Emerg. Technol. Eng. Res., vol. 4, no. 4. Apr. 2016, Accessed: Jul. 30, 2021. [Online].
Available: www.ijeter.everscience.org.
[8] S. N. K. "Bike Side Stand Un folded Ride Lock Link," Intenational J. Eng. Sci. Res.
Technol., vol. 2. no.9, pp. 2551-2552. Sep. 2013. Accessed: Jul. 30. 2021. [Online]. Available:
http://www.premjis.com/lml/freedom prima 1.

[9] A. Gulhane, G. Gawande, B. Gawande, S. Dhule, and C. Deshmukh, "Fabrication of

Automatic Side Stand Lifting Mechanism," Int. J. Emerg. Technol. Eng. Res., vol. 5, no. 4, pp.
7-11, Apr. 2017, Accessed: Jul. 30, 2021. [Online]. Available: www.ijeter.everscience.org.

[10] M. Gawande, M. Ulhe, T. Kewalramani, S. Sautkar. P. Gawande, and P. D. T. Deshmukh,

"Automatic Side Stand and Foot Rest Retrieval System," Int. Res. J. Eng. Technol., vol. 6, no, 5,
2008. Accessed: Jul. 30, 2021. [Online]. Available: www.irjet.net.

[11] N. R. Dhameliya, J. N. Patel, K. V. Bhikadiya, U. B. Dhanani, and T. B. Rangani,

"Mechanical Side Stand Remover While Applying Clutch," Int. J. Sci. Technol. Eng., vol. 5, no.
8, pp. 8-11, Mar. 2019. Accessed: Jul. 30, 2021. [Online]. Available: www.ijste.org.

[12] S. Jichkar, R. Dhawale, D. Kumar, H. Deshmukh, and M. M. Dange, "AUTOMATIC SIDE-

STAND SLIDER ASSEMBLY." Int. J. Adv. Sci.

 Components of automatic bike stand slider
1. Battery

2. DC Motor

3. Push Button

4. Side stand

5. Frame
 6. DC MOTOR

A DC motor is an electrical motor that operates on direct current (DC) power. The fundamental
principle governing the function of any electric motor is rooted in basic electromagnetism. When
an electric current flows through a conductor, it creates a magnetic field. Placing this conductor
in an external magnetic field results in a force that is proportional to both the current in the
conductor and the strength of the external magnetic field.

This phenomenon can be likened to the familiar experience of playing with magnets, where
opposite polarities (North and South) attract each other, while like polarities (North and North,
South and South) repel. The internal configuration of a DC motor is specifically designed to
leverage the magnetic interaction between a current-carrying conductor and an external magnetic
field, thereby generating rotational motion.

Fig.4.8(c) DC motor

A DC motor comprises six essential components: axle, rotor (also known as the armature), stator,
commutator, field magnet(s), and brushes. In the majority of commonly used DC motors, the
external magnetic field is generated by powerful permanent magnets. The stator remains
stationary and includes the motor casing, along with two or more permanent magnet pole pieces.
Meanwhile, the rotor rotates relative to the stator and is composed of windings typically situated
on a core. These windings are electrically connected to the commutator. The typical motor
configuration places the rotor inside the stator, surrounded by field magnets.
The arrangement of brushes, commutator contacts, and rotor windings is designed so that when
power is supplied, the polarities of the energized winding and the stator magnet(s) are initially
misaligned. As a result, the rotor begins to rotate until it nearly aligns with the stator's field
magnets. Upon reaching alignment, the brushes shift to the next set of commutator contacts,
activating the next winding. In the case of a two-pole motor, the rotation causes a reversal in the
direction of current through the rotor winding, inducing a magnetic field "flip" in the rotor and
sustaining its continuous rotation.
.

In real life, though, DC motors will always have more than two poles (three is a very common
number). In particular, this avoids "dead spots" in the commutator. You can imagine how with
our example two-pole motor, if the rotor is exactly at the middle of its rotation (perfectly aligned
with the field magnets), it will get "stuck" there. Meanwhile, with a two-pole motor, there is a
moment where the commutator shorts out the power supply (i.e., both brushes touch both
commutator contacts simultaneously). This would be bad for the power supply, waste energy,
and damage motor components as well. Yet another disadvantage of such a simple motor is that
it would exhibit a high amount of torque "ripple".
So since most small DC motors are of a three-pole design, let's tinker with the workings of one
via an interactive animation

Several observations can be made from this setup, primarily that only one pole is fully energized
at any given moment, while the other two are "partially" energized. The transition of each brush
from one commutator contact to the next is pivotal in this process. During this transition, one
coil's magnetic field swiftly collapses, while the next coil's field promptly charges up. It's
important to note that these events occur rapidly, within a few microseconds. The distinctive
behavior is a direct consequence of the series wiring of the coil windings. The implications and
effects of this phenomenon will be explored further, but for now, it's evident that the coordinated
series wiring of the coil windings is a key factor in the dynamic operation of the motor.

BATTERY

An electrical battery is a compilation of one or more electrochemical cells designed to convert

stored chemical energy into electrical energy. Widely adopted as a prevalent power source,
batteries find application in numerous household and industrial settings.

Batteries can serve a dual purpose: they may either be employed once and then disposed of, or
they can be recharged

WORKING OF BATTERY:

A battery serves as a device that directly converts chemical energy into electrical energy,
comprising multiple voltaic cells. Each voltaic cell is composed of two half cells connected in
series through a conductive electrolyte containing anions and cations. The anode, or negative
electrode, is where anions migrate, while the cathode, or positive electrode, is where cations
migrate. In the redox reaction driving the battery, reduction (addition of electrons) occurs at the
cathode, and oxidation (removal of electrons) occurs at the anode.

The electrodes are electrically connected by the electrolyte, although they do not physically
touch. Many cells employ two half-cells with different electrolytes, each enclosed in a container.
A porous separator prevents the bulk mixing of electrolytes but allows ion flow.

Each half-cell possesses an electromotive force (emf), determining its ability to drive electric
current from the cell's interior to its exterior. The net emf of the cell is the difference between the
emfs of its half-cells, calculated based on the reduction potentials of the half-reactions.
The electrical driving force across the cell's terminals is the terminal voltage, measured in volts.
The open-circuit voltage, the terminal voltage when not charging or discharging, equals the emf.
Due to internal resistance, the terminal voltage during discharge is smaller than the open-circuit
voltage, while during charging, it exceeds the open-circuit voltage. Ideal cells with negligible
internal resistance maintain a constant terminal voltage until exhaustion. Real cells, however,
experience increasing internal resistance and decreasing open-circuit voltage during discharge.
The voltage and resistance plotted against time yield graphs with varying shapes based on the
specific chemistry and internal arrangement used.

Since Alessandro Volta's invention of the first battery in 1800, batteries have evolved into a
ubiquitous power source for household and industrial applications. The battery industry
generates significant annual revenue, with both disposable (primary) and rechargeable
(secondary) batteries catering to diverse needs, from miniature devices like hearing aids to larger
applications in telephone exchanges and data centers.

Principle of operation
A battery is a device that directly converts chemical energy into electrical energy, typically
composed of multiple voltaic cells. Each voltaic cell comprises two half-cells linked in series by
a conductive electrolyte containing anions and cations. In one half-cell, the anode or negative
electrode attracts anions, while in the other half-cell, the cathode or positive electrode attracts
cations. The redox reaction powering the battery involves the reduction of cations (addition of
electrons) at the cathode and the oxidation of anions (removal of electrons) at the anode.

While the electrodes do not physically touch, they are electrically connected by the electrolyte.
Some cells employ two half-cells with distinct electrolytes, separated by a separator permitting
ion flow but preventing electrolyte mixing.

Each half-cell possesses an electromotive force (emf), determining its capacity to drive electric
current from the cell's interior to its exterior. The net emf of the cell is the difference between the
emfs of its half-cells, as first established by Volta. If the emfs of the electrodes are E1 and E2,
then the net emf is E1 - E2, reflecting the difference between the reduction potentials of the half-
reactions.
The electrical driving force across the cell's terminals is termed the terminal voltage, measured in
volts. The open-circuit voltage, observed when the cell is neither charging nor discharging,
equals the cell's emf. Due to internal resistance, the terminal voltage during discharge is smaller
than the open-circuit voltage, while during charging, it exceeds the open-circuit voltage. In an
ideal scenario with negligible internal resistance, a cell would maintain a constant terminal
voltage until exhaustion, dropping to zero thereafter. If such a cell initially had 1.5 volts and
stored a charge of one coulomb, complete discharge would yield 1.5 joules of work.

Real cells, however, experience an increase in internal resistance and a decrease in open-circuit
voltage during discharge. The resultant voltage and resistance plotted against time typically form
a curve, the shape of which varies based on the specific chemistry and internal arrangement.

The voltage across a cell's terminals depends on the energy release from the chemical reactions
involving its electrodes and electrolyte. Despite different chemistries, alkaline and carbon-zinc
cells exhibit approximately the same emf of 1.5 volts, as do NiCd and NiMH cells with an emf of
approximately 1.2 volts. Conversely, the high electrochemical potential changes in lithium
compounds result in lithium cells having emfs of 3 volts or more.
PUSH BUTTONS

Fig.4.8 (a): Push Buttons

A push-button (also spelled pushbutton) or simply button is a simple switch mechanism for
controlling some aspect of a machine or a process. Buttons are typically made out of hard
material, usually plastic or metal. The surface is usually flat or shaped to accommodate the
human finger or hand, so as to be easily depressed or pushed. Buttons are most often biased
switches, though even many un-biased buttons (due to their physical nature) require a spring to
return to their un-pushed state. Different people use different terms for the "pushing" of the
button, such as press, depress, mash, and punch.

Uses:
In industrial and commercial applications push buttons can be linked together by a mechanical
linkage so that the act of pushing one button causes the other button to be released. In this way, a
stop button can "force" a start button to be released. This method of linkage is used in simple
manual operations in which the machine or process have no electrical circuits for control.

Pushbuttons are often color-coded to associate them with their function so that the operator will
not push the wrong button in error. Commonly used colors are red for stopping the machine or
process and green for starting the machine or process.
Red pushbuttons can also have large heads (mushroom shaped) for easy operation and to
facilitate the stopping of a machine. These pushbuttons are called emergency stop buttons and
are mandated by the electrical code in many jurisdictions for increased safety. This large
mushroom shape can also be found in buttons for use with operators who need to wear gloves for
their work and could not actuate a regular flush-mounted push button. As an aid for operators
and users in industrial or commercial applications, a pilot light is commonly added to draw the
attention of the user and to provide feedback if the button is pushed. Typically this light is
included into the center of the pushbutton and a lens replaces the pushbutton hard center disk.

The source of the energy to illuminate the light is not directly tied to the contacts on the back of
the pushbutton but to the action the pushbutton controls. In this way a start button when pushed
will cause the process or machine operation to be started and a secondary contact designed into
the operation or process will close to turn on the pilot light and signify the action of pushing the
button caused the resultant process or action to start.

In popular culture, the phrase "the button" refers to a (usually fictional) button that a military or
government leader could press to launch nuclear weapons.

Push to ON button:

Fig. 4.8(b): push on button

Initially the two contacts of the button are open. When the button is pressed they become
connected. This makes the switching operation using the push button.