HOSPITAL PHARMACY
LESSON 1: INTRODUCTION TO HOSPITAL
PHARMACY PRACTICE
Institutional Pharmacy
 Pharmacy of institutions, organizations,
corporations and agencies which may be
privately or government-owned or controlled or
non-government organizations, that provides a
range of pharmaceutical services exclusively to
their employees, their qualified dependents
and/or other intended beneficiaries.
 Typically located within healthcare facilities, such
as hospitals, nursing homes, sanitarium, clinic
or dispensary in which drugs are dispensed to its
intended/ exclusive patients
Uniqueness of Hospital Pharmacy Practice
1. Clinical involvement: Hospital pharmacists have
a more significant role in clinical decision-making,
collaborating with physicians, nurses, and other
healthcare providers to optimize patient care.
2. Specialization: Hospital pharmacy offers
opportunities for specialization in areas such as
pediatrics, oncology, and critical care.
3. Interprofessional collaboration: Working in an
institutional setting allows pharmacists to
collaborate with a diverse team of healthcare
professionals.
4. Limited patient interaction: Hospital pharmacists
may have less direct interaction with patients
compared to retail pharmacists.
5. Shift work: Hospital pharmacy positions often
require shift work, including evenings, weekends,
and holidays, which may not be suitable for
everyone.
6. Hospital pharmacies also usually stock a large
variety of medications, including those for
specialized purposes that may only be indicated
in a controlled medical setting.
LESSON 2:
HOSPITAL AND ITS ORGANIZATION
Hospital
 The World Health Organization (WHO)
considers an establishment to be a hospital if
it is permanently staffed by at least one
physician, can offer inpatient accommodation,
and can provide active medical and nursing
care.
 It may be viewed as an organized structure
which pools together all the health
professions, the diagnostic and therapeutic
facilities, equipment and supplies and the
physical facilities into a coordinated system
for delivering health care to the public.
Requirements of a Hospital
1. Governing authority
2. CEO as liaison officer
3. Complete and current medical records
4. Organized medical staff
5. Pharmacy services
6. Patient services
7. Patients admitted through the medical staff
8. Six or more patient beds
9. Health and safety
Functions of a Hospital
1. Patient Care
a) Diagnosis and treatment of illness
b) Preventive medicine
c) Rehabilitation
d) Dental, personalized and convalescent
care
2. Public health and wellness
a) Improvement of general health
b) Reduction of incidence of illness
c) Prevention
Levels of Prevention
A. Primordial Prevention
- avoid emergence of risk
- establish healthy patterns of living
 B. Primary Prevention 3. Bed Capacity
- prevention of disease in a healthy person a) <50
b) 50-100
General Health Promotion Technique c) 101-200
 Good nutrition d) 201-300
 Adequate Clothing
 Shelter 4. Service Capability

Specific Protective Measures Level Other Name Services

Nursing
 Protection vs. Occupational Hazard Care
 Immunization Clinical care Minimal
 Environmental Sanitation Emergency management nursing
I
Hospital + primary care
care
Gen Med Level 1
C. Secondary Prevention
Anesthesia care +
- early detection and prompt treatment Non-
II Pediatrics supervised
- disease screening for infected individuals departmentalized
Ob-gyn care
Surgery
D. Tertiary Prevention GAPOS + Level 2
- limitation of disability specialty care care +
- eg. physiotherapy III Departmentalized
intensive-
skilled care
GAPOS + Level 3
3. Education sub-specialty care +
a) Professionals and patients Teaching and care highly
IV
Training specialized
4. Research critical
a) Advancement of knowledge care
b) Improvement of services

5. Ownership
a) Profit-oriented
Classifications of Hospital b) Non-profit oriented

1. Type of Service
a) General - various type of illnesses Special Types of Health Care

b) Special - specifies disease 1. Long Term Health Care Facility

i. Fabella Memorial Hospital - Convalescent
ii. Philippine Orthopedic Center - in-patient care other than hospital
iii. San Lazaro Hospital - organized medical staff and continuous
nursing service
c) Rehabilitation and Chronic Disease
- restorative and adjustive services 2. Resident Treatment Facility
- handicapped/disabled - safe and hygienic living arrangements for
residents
d) Psychiatric
3. Clinic
2. Average Length of Stay - ambulatory patients by appointment
a) Short Term - < 30 days - groups of physicians
b) Long Term - > 30 days
4. Ambulatory Surgery Centers
- surgical proedures
 - patient discharrged immediately after
5. Birthing Homes b) Associate
- prenatal care - juniors
- spontaneous vaginal delivery - considered for advancement
- post-natal care
c) Courtesy
6. Health Maintenance Organizations - not a member
- public or private - allowed to attend to a patient
- provide comprehensive health services to
enrolled individuals d) Resident
- pre-payment basis - full-time employees
- Health Maintenance Incorporation (pioneer - providing services in exchange for
HMO in th Ph) training experience

e) Consulting
- recognized professional ability
Organization of a Hospital - specialists
1. Board of Directors, Trustees (policy-makers)
2. CEO f) Honorary
3. Two departments - former staff members
a) Professional care - retired/emeritus
b) Business function - outstanding contribution

Hospital Administration Supporting Services

1. Board of Directors
2. Hospital Director 1. Nursing
- implement directives of the board
- manages hospital regulations 2. Dietary
3. CEO Assistant for Admin
- day-to-day operations 3. Central Supply Services
4. Chief Finance Officer
- revenues and expenses 4. Medical Record
5. Director of Nursing
6. Department Heads 5. Medical Social
7. Medical Staff
a) Open Staff 6. Blood Bank
- all physicans are allowed to use private
room facilities 7. Pathology
- comply with institutional rules and
regulations 8. Radiology

b) Closed Staff 9. Anesthesia

- all professional services are provided
and controlled by the attending
physician

Groups of Medical Staff

a) Attending
- active, regular patient care
- direct involvement with the staff,
organizational and admin duties