Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Volume: 16
Issue 7
Pages: 730-741
Document ID: 2024PEMJ1495
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10540042
Manuscript Accepted: 12-22-2023
Psych Educ, 2024, 16(7): 730-741, Document ID:2024PEMJ1495, doi:10.5281/zenodo.10540042, ISSN 2822-4353
Research Article
Abstract
In light of current difficulties and the prevalence of mental health issues, music—a powerful medium for emotional
expression and narrative—has historically addressed resilience, mental health, and personal challenges. This research
explores the representation of mental health in selected contemporary music, recognizing the current societal emphasis
on mental well-being. Despite numerous studies exploring the impact of music, there is a need for further research to
analyze songs that specifically address personal struggles. Grounded in Narrative Psychology Theory, the study
employs descriptive qualitative research to explore the nuances of mental health expressions in a purposively selected
sample of 12 songs from diverse genres released within the last decade. Thematic analysis reveals prevalent themes
related to personal struggles, mental health issues, and overcoming adversities, providing insights into how musicians
navigate and articulate mental health experiences. Using pseudonyms ensures confidentiality in reporting findings in
an interconnected narrative format. The study underscores the vital role of music as a medium for expressing and
understanding mental health experiences, offering resonance to listeners, and contributing to the cultural discourse on
mental well-being. Exploring diverse themes in contemporary songs enriches our understanding of the multifaceted
dimensions of mental health in today's culture.
Keywords: contemporary music; mental well-being; mental health in songs
Introduction
Music has always played a pivotal role in society, serving as a powerful platform for individuals to express their emotions (Juslin,
2013), experiences (Hodges, 2019), and struggles (Creech et al., 2023). Throughout history, countless songs have emerged that delve
deep into personal struggles, mental health, perseverance, and overcoming adversity (Gustavson et al., 2021). These themes connect
deeply with listeners, providing solace, motivation, and shared understanding. Today, marked by the widespread occurrence of mental
health issues and the increasing importance of resilience amid challenges (Fernando & Moodley, 2018), the study of songs relating to
personal struggles and overcoming challenges has gained considerable significance (Baker et al., 2018).
Mental health issues have become a prevalent and pressing concern in contemporary society, with increasing awareness of the impact
these issues have on individuals, communities, and public health (MacDonald, 2013). The multifaceted nature of mental health,
encompassing a spectrum of experiences and emotions, necessitates a nuanced exploration of its representation in cultural artifacts.
Music, as a powerful form of artistic expression, mirrors societal sentiments and can reflect, shape, and influence attitudes toward
mental health (Boswell, 2022; Ishak, 2020).
Contemporary music, in particular, has witnessed a surge in artists addressing mental health topics in their lyrics. Whether through raw
and introspective self-disclosures or metaphorical expressions, musicians often serve as storytellers, conveying the complexities of
mental health in ways that resonate with diverse audiences (Tan & Sin, 2021; Spartz, 2019). Given the diversity of musical genres and
the broad spectrum of emotions associated with mental health, a qualitative exploration of selected contemporary song lyrics promises
a deeper understanding of the intricate ways in which artists navigate and portray mental health themes.
While there has been considerable research on the impact of music on mental health and the therapeutic benefits of music, there is a
research gap in terms of in-depth analysis specifically, focusing on songs that deal with themes of personal struggles, mental health,
and overcoming adversity (Toscher, 2020; Wang et al., 2022). Although many studies have explored the effects of music on mental
health, the study focuses on the general effects of music genres or the impact of lyrics regardless of their themes (Gustavson et al.,
2021). A practical knowledge gap in the existing body of research is the lack of specific attention paid to songs that explicitly deal with
personal struggles, mental health issues, or overcoming adversity.
The study aims to examine and gain insights into the portrayal and representation of mental health issues in selected contemporary
songs and explore how mental health is discussed and perceived in song lyrics. Additionally, through an in-depth examination of the
lyrical content of selected songs, the study aims to uncover nuanced expressions, metaphors, and narratives that musicians employ to
convey their experiences and perspectives on mental health.
Research Questions
This study explored how the selected contemporary song lyrics articulate mental health themes. Specifically, it sought to answer the
following question:
1. What are the overviews of the selected contemporary songs that articulate mental health themes?
2. How do the selected contemporary song lyrics articulate themes related to mental health?
Methodology
Research Design
The study uses descriptive qualitative research (Cresswell, 2014) to explore mental health themes in selected contemporary song lyrics.
The method allows for a thorough investigation into the complex narratives’ artists present. Additionally, the emphasis on narratives
aligns seamlessly with the study's theoretical framework rooted in the Narrative Psychology Theory by Sarbin (1986).
Matrix 1 furnishes a comprehensive overview of the chosen contemporary songs used in the study. The matrix serves as a structured
presentation of the selected songs.
Matrix 1. Overview of the songs used in the study.
Overview
S-1 The song delves into the painful experience of criticism, prompting the central character to wear a mask
to fit in, balancing the dilemma of revealing their true self and facing potential rejection. It explores
external criticism of appearances and the taxing dichotomy between a false identity and the fear of
rejection.
S-2 The song revolves around self-harm and suicide, depicting an initial struggle with self-confusion and
unexpressed emotions. It explores feelings of isolation, driven by a sense of misunderstood personality
and the exhaustion of sharing unrelatable problems.
S-3 The song delves into acceptance and suppleness amid adversity. It starts with the metaphor of concealing
emotional scars, akin to hiding wounds under long sleeves and wearing masks. As the narrative
progresses, it transforms into a journey of embracing scars proudly, symbolizing the purpose and
strength derived from life's trials.
S-4 The song delves into the struggles of self-acceptance, depicting a profound battle with self-loathing,
body image shaming, and the consequential journey toward self-harm. The narrative touches on the
contemplation of suicide as a perceived solution, accompanied by feelings of loneliness and isolation.
S-5 The song expresses a profound yearning for the presence of loved ones, conveying a heartfelt plea for
their companionship and support. Despite the somber feeling of loneliness, there is a hopeful anticipation
that the earnest request for their presence will be heard and answered positively.
S-6 The song portrays an abrupt breakup in a cohabiting relationship. The boy is content in a new
relationship, while the girl, acknowledging the reality of their separation, faces societal expectations of
lingering sadness.
S-7 The song reflects on the challenge of accepting the reality of being apart, juxtaposing it with gratitude
for the shared happy moments. Leading to emotional distance and a struggle to accept loss, manifested
through expressions of sorrow and tears.
S-8 The song emphasizes the importance of prioritizing one's well-being before assisting others. While
advocating for helping those in need, the narrative underscores the reciprocal nature of seeking self-help
and self-restoration.
S-9 The song explores self-denial and its consequences, depicting a person who refuses to accept their true
feelings, leading to inner turmoil and self-hatred. Despite revealed truths, the individual persists in
denying reality, creating emotional instability and mental disturbance.
S-10 The song delineates the internal conflict of an individual, presenting a facade of well-being while
grappling with personal challenges. The narrative captures the individual's endeavor to release the grip
of painful memories and reflects a sense of resignation in the individual's battle with life's adversities.
S-11 The song delves into facing anxiety and fear with resilience, emphasizing the inevitability of challenges.
It underscores the importance of self-awareness and steadfast perseverance, urging individuals not to
succumb to difficulties. Additionally, it advocates proudly showcasing past scars as symbols of strength
forged through overcoming adversity.
S-12 The song communicates a poignant desire for redemption from individual hardships, accompanied by
acknowledging personal shortcomings. It articulates a yearning for external support to navigate
emotional challenges, encapsulating the underlying sense of being unheard and invisible while fervently
seeking connection.
The selected songs used in the study form an intricate tapestry, interweaving to explore varied human experiences comprehensively.
Each song functions as a unique thread, contributing to a subtle comprehension of the manifold emotions, struggles, and aspirations
intrinsic to the human condition. This metaphorical tapestry symbolizes the complex interplay of psychological and emotional elements
in the song.
Figure 1 depicts the thematic analysis chart connecting the mental health themes within contemporary songs. The analysis reveals the
identification of three (3) primary overarching themes, namely personal struggle, mental health issues, and the narrative of overcoming
adversity. Within each thematic category, sub-themes have been documented and analyzed, exploring the intricate portrayals of mental
health within the songs.
Figure 1. Overview of the thematic chart on mental health themes in contemporary songs.
Personal Struggles – Personal Dilemmas
The thematic exploration revealed a predominant focus on Personal Dilemmas. Three (3) key themes emerge—identity crises, longing,
and self-neglect—exemplified in specific songs. For instance, S-1 illustrates the struggle with self-identity and the adoption of a
metaphorical mask for societal acceptance, extending these dilemmas to interpersonal relationships. S-12 and S-5 delve into the theme
of longing, expressing a yearning for intimate connections and a desire to escape life's challenges. Additionally, S-8 introduces the
dilemma of balancing altruism with self-neglect, exploring the nuanced interplay between helping others and compromising one's well-
being.
The prevalence of identity crises implies that artists often use their lyrics to express the challenges individuals face in understanding
and accepting themselves, which can be reflective of broader mental health concerns (Beech et al., 2016). The theme of longing,
encompassing a desire for connection and escape from life's difficulties, speaks to the emotional and psychological aspects of mental
health. The dilemma of altruism versus self-neglect introduces a nuanced perspective on the complexities of maintaining mental well-
being while navigating societal expectations and responsibilities (Do, 2022; Talmage et al., 2017).
Personal Struggles – Personal Challenges
Rooted in the appraisal process by which individuals discern the personal significance of stimuli or events (King, 2020), the theme on
personal challenges is notably characterized by two (2) sub-themes—self-harm and suicide. S-2 and S-4 encapsulate the theme of self-
harm, with the former portraying an emotional response to unexpressed distress, revealing the unheard feelings of those involved.
Meanwhile, S-4 delves into self-harm as a coping mechanism for struggles related to self-acceptance, narrating a poignant story of self-
hate and the absence of self-acceptance that culminates in self-harming behaviors. Beyond self-harm, S-2 further extends into the theme
of suicide, illustrating the potential progression from self-harm to a dire emotional response. The song elucidates a narrative wherein
the venting of negative emotions through self-harm becomes a precipitating factor for suicide, thereby providing a nuanced exploration
of the continuum of emotional responses to profound negative feelings.
The result suggests that contemporary songwriters address the complex and sensitive topic of emotional distress in their lyrics, shedding
light on mental health challenges that encompass self-harm and the grave consideration of suicide (Baker & Brown, 2016). For the
overarching study, delving into these emotional response themes provides an opportunity to explore how artists navigate and articulate
the intricacies of mental health struggles in their lyrics. It underscores the potential role of music in reflecting, expressing, and
potentially influencing perceptions of emotional distress and its outcomes (Carey, 2023).
Personal Struggles – Self-Hate
The theme of hate, characterized as an emotion, attitude, or sentiment (Martinez, 2022), is a recurring motif across all twelve (12)
songs, manifesting six (6) times in the corpus. Notably, these instances predominantly revolve around self-directed hatred. In S-4, the
narrative unfolds the internal struggle of self-acceptance, portraying self-hate as a catalyst for self-harming behaviors. Similarly, S-9,
particularly in the chorus, articulates a manifestation of self-directed hate, where the individual harbors aversion towards their self-
perception. Contextually, hate aligns with the overarching theme of Personal Struggle, as it encapsulates internal conflicts and
2016).
Overcoming Adversities – Perseverance
Within the twelve (12) examined songs, the theme of perseverance subtly surfaces in S-3, S-9, and S-11. S-3 and S-11 articulate
narratives centered on past marks and scars, symbolic representations of resilience and strength in confronting personal challenges and
adversities. These songs depict characters who embody perseverance amid difficulties, fear, and pain. In contrast, S-9 explores the
theme through the lens of courage, emphasizing the act of ceasing pretense and bravely acknowledging reality. The characters portrayed
in these songs exemplify perseverance in acknowledging, confronting, and enduring the realities of life, signifying strength and
independence through the visible scars of their journeys.
The result suggests that contemporary songwriters engage with the theme of perseverance as it relates to mental health, portraying the
nuanced dynamics of endurance, resilience, and transformative experiences in the face of challenges (Lenette et al., 2016). It
underscores the role of music in reflecting and expressing the psychological and emotional dimensions of perseverance amid
difficulties, fear, and pain (Jackson, 2015).
Conclusion
In exploring mental health themes within selected contemporary song lyrics, a synthesis of diverse themes emerges across twelve (12)
analyzed songs. The lyrics delve into personal struggles, encompassing identity crises, dilemmas, and self-neglect, revealing the
intricate impact of internal conflicts on relationships and self-perception. Themes such as self-harm portray the deliberate infliction of
pain as a coping mechanism, navigating the complex interplay of self-hate, self-acceptance, and the pursuit of an idealized self.
Resilience surfaces as a counterpoint, highlighting the triumph over adversities and the acceptance of scars as healing symbols.
Fear and anxiety intertwine with mental health, capturing the emotional complexities associated with confronting personal problems
and an uncertain future. Longing introduces nuanced layers, depicting desires and yearnings that contribute to exploring mental well-
being. Music emerges as a reflective and expressive medium, providing insights into emotional struggles, coping mechanisms, and
transformative journeys, ultimately enriching our understanding of the intricate landscape of mental health in contemporary culture.
In conclusion, recognizing music as a medium for expressing and articulating mental health experiences underscores its significance
as a cultural touchstone. The themes identified reflect how individuals grapple with and navigate their mental states, resonating with
listeners who may find solace, understanding, or connection in the shared narratives. The synthesis of these themes enriches the broader
discourse on mental health representation in music, emphasizing the importance of acknowledging and addressing the multifaceted
dimensions of mental well-being within contemporary culture.
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Melvin G. Barete
San Isidro College – Philippines
Jay B. Albarico
San Isidro College – Philippines
Mark Q. Auditor
San Isidro College – Philippines
Esrael P. Balilaon
San Isidro College – Philippines
Mark Louie L. Budias
San Isidro College – Philippines
Bryan Kim C. Dajero
San Isidro College – Philippines
Rex Jeb Q. Jamisolamin
San Isidro College – Philippines
Edgar R. Lumandas
San Isidro College – Philippines
Reangay A. Obeso
San Isidro College – Philippines
Francis Angelo B. Piscos
San Isidro College – Philippines
Fremativo A. Vergara
San Isidro College – Philippines
Rovic M. Villalon
San Isidro College – Philippines
Evan P. Taja-on
San Isidro College – Philippines