RIKKIA B.

AGPAWA BSP 2-3

Guide Questions:

1. What are the 2 cases that you have chosen to analyze?

Case 1: Stanford Prison Experiment
Case 2: Bobo Doll Experiment

2. What do you think are the objective/s of the researcher/s in conducting the
experiment? What could they have seen as beneficial results that the experiment
would produce?

Case 1:
I think the main purpose of the Stanford Prison Experiment was to find out what
psychological effects of feeling authority and power in a prison like environment. They
are curious to find out more about “how?” and “why?” conflicts developed between
inmates and guards and how many individuals responded to some situations. The
researchers may have been informed of the experiment's possible social advantages. At
first, they hoped to gain more knowledge about the systems that support the abuse of
power and the possibility of abuse in the institution like prisons. By watching the
participant's behavior, they may have wanted to get good understanding of what lead to
dictatorial behavior in these conditions. It may also have tried to understand how
individuals adjust to new roles in society and how individuals respond to hardships. The
researchers was interested in learning if people would speak out against the unfair
treatment if they were given the choice of living in a powerful or defenseless
environment.

Case 2:
The researchers wanted to show how or where childrens learn their behavior, so they
conduct the Bobo Doll experiment. They were interested to see if those kids were going
to imitate the adult's violent treatment to the Bobo doll. They could have considered
evidence based on the observational learning and the impact of the role models on
behavior as a positive outcome of this experiment.

3. What principles (APA) and code of ethics (PAP) were violated by the 2
experiments that you have chosen? Explain your answers comprehensively per
case.

Case 1:
The experiment clearly violated Principle A (Beneficence and Nonmaleficence)
because it caused those not needed injury and psychological suffering to the
participants both the guards and those in who is in prison. The prisoners psychological
torture had a damaging long lasting impact on their health and also into their mental
health.
By failing to guarantee the participants welfare and safety the study broke Principle B
(Fidelity and Responsibility). The researchers should have make a move in and
stopped the guards cruel actions, but instead they allowed the illegal activities to go
on,that caused seriously harming the volunteers.

The experiment violates Principle C (Integrity) because they fail to get participants
informed consent. They were not fully informed of those possible outcomes of the
experiment. Also, the participants did not have proper conversations after the trial that
result from prevented them from getting help or having the chance to fully understand
the importance and those possible impacts of their participation in the experiment.

The experiment violates Principle D (Justice) since the volunteers are not treated fairly
Positions as guards or prisoners were decided at a toss coin, without consideration to
any particular attitudes or behavior of the individuals. This carelessness lead to an
harsh behavior attitude and unequal treatment of participants in the experiment.

The experiment was failed to respect the participants rights and dignity, which is a
violation of the PAP Code of Ethics (Respect for the Dignity of Persons and
Peoples ). The guards received limitless control over the prisoners while the prisoners
were put through to psychological abuse and humiliation. The moral behavior of the
experiment was harmed by the lack of respect for the subjects rights and dignity.

Case 2:
Principle B (Fidelity and Responsibility) because psychologists have a duty to build
and maintain the public and participants trust. But, Bandura was unable to create
confidence in the participants to the study and ensure their safety. Without thinking
about the potential impact the experiment meant to exposed kids to aggressive conduct.

Principle C (Integrity) because psychologists should be honest and truthful in their

study and must avoid manipulating participants. Bandura may have manipulated or
mislead the kids in the Bobo Doll Experiment by exposing the kids to violent behavior
without fully explaining the goal or implications into the kids or into the parents.

Principle D (Justice) this principle shows the value of justice and equity in conducting
research. Children were not given an equal chance to decline or consent to their
involvement in the Bobo Doll Experiment because in the first place they might know the
consequences. It's possible that their parents were not fully aware of the experiment's
possibility to have a negative impact on their kids behavior.

Pinciple I: Respect for the Dignity of Persons- The experiment violated the rights of
the young childrens dignity. The kids were sadly forced to watch violence and possibly
have been ganined some traumatized experience as a result. Exposing kids to such
discomfort without enough consent or protections is a violation of their dignity and
should not have been done without consideration for their emotional and mental health.
 4. If you are the researcher of that experiment, how will you conduct it so as to
avoid violating the stated ethical guidelines.
Case 1:
-I would give participants all the information that they need about the research study,
including its objectives, methodology, possible disadvantages or benefits, and their
freedom to quit at any time without penalty, before to the experiment starting.
Participants had to give their consent without any obligation before participating any part
in the trial.
-I would maintain the security and privacy of participants' sensitive and private
information during the study. The names of participants would be removed, and the
information would be kept safely with only authorized researchers getting access to it.

-I will take the steps required to reduce any potential risk to participants safety or
suffering. Before we start in the experiment, I will be performing a comprehensive risk
evaluation and will request for the required ethical permissions. If any risks are
discovered, i will change the procedures or provide the support needed to ensure the
participants safety.

-I will organize debriefing after the experiment, i would have a casual discussion with
the participants to discuss the objectives and results of the research and to address any
questions they might have. By this method i will make sure that participants understand
their role in the study before they leave.

-All every step of the study, it's important to recognize and appreciate participants
freedom. I will be giving individuals the freedom to choose whether or not to participate
in my study on their own and to leave the study at any time they want.

Case 2:
-I will be required the parents or legal guardians of the minor participants in informed
approval. Explain the experiments goals, possible consequences and advantages, and
the participants involvement in detail. Also, I will remind them that the study will place a
high priority on their childs safety and well-being.

-I'll make sure the participants are in the right age, but I'll pay close attention to any
personal traits that could make them more vulnerable to risk or suffering. Check if there
are any psychological or behavioral conditions that can be harmed in seeing violent
activities.

-i will make sure the adult acts in a way that doesn't include physical or verbal abuse
toward the Bobo doll. Instead, to practice more sociable activities, including playing with
the doll calmly and lovely.
-After the experiment, I will aslo provide a thorough debriefing session to both the
children and their parents. To explain the purpose of the study, clarify any
misunderstandings, and to address any concerns they may have. Will offer access to
counseling or support services for those who may have been affected by my study.