BACHELOR OF PRINTING TECHNOLOGY COLLEGE OF CREATIVE ARTS

CAMPUS UITM, PUNCAK ALAM

ASSIGNMENT (2) : GROUP ASSIGNMENT (PMA622)

NAME :
(1) ADRIANA FUTRI BINTI TUN AHMAD TAJRI (2022748795)
(2)AHMAD AZHAD BIN AZRUL FAISAL @ AHMAD HAFIZ (2022748675)
(10) NOR NATASYHA KHAN BINTI MOHD ALI (2022991497)
(20) NURZATUL NIZANI BT KHAIRULAMAR (2022997291)

CLASS :
CAAD2305A

LECTURER’S NAME :
MISS MASTURA BINTI OMAR

SUBJECT :

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

TABLE OF CONTENT

No. CONTENTS PAGE

1. INTRODUCTION OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH 3- 4

2. ABOUT CAFE 5

3. OBJECTIVE 5

4. ISSUE & PROBLEM AND SOLUTION 6 - 12

5. SUMMARY 13
INTRODUCTION OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

Occupational health is defined as the highest level of physical, mental, and social
well-being of employees in all occupations. It is a healthcare branch that addresses all aspects
of health and safety in the workplace. At the most basic level, it emphasizes the prevention of
hazards. Occupational health is often seen as a preventive approach. On the other hand,
occupational health is related to health, safety, and welfare issues in the workplace. Additionally,
occupational health and safety (OHS) laws, standards and programs try to improve the
workplace for employees, colleagues, family members, clients, and other stakeholders. Better
occupational health and safety standards support good business practices, positive brand
image, high morale, and employee satisfaction.

Furthermore, occupational health and safety is concerned with resolving workplace

dangers such as chemical, physical, biological, and psychological threats, as well as ergonomic
concerns and accidents. As a result, occupational health and safety regulations require the
elimination, reduction, or replacement of workplace dangers. Similarly, products that aid in the
reduction of the impact of dangers should be incorporated into occupational health and safety
activities. This occupational health and safety programme's goal is to promote a safe and
healthy working environment. The OSH also seeks to protect members of the public who may
be harmed by an employment agent or a work environment.

Next, occupational health, according to the WHO, tackles all aspects of workplace health
and safety, with a focus on the primary prevention of hazards. Health is described as a complete
condition of physical, mental, and social well-being, not only the absence of illness.
Occupational health is a field. This is due to the fact that numerous healthcare professions are
concerned with helping people accomplish their work in the least hazardous way to their health.
As a result, occupational health focuses on three goals, the first of which is to preserve and
promote employees' health and working capacity. The second goal is to improve the working
environment and make it safer and healthier. The third step is to create a work culture that
promotes workplace health and safety. It also creates a healthy social climate and smooth
functioning, as well as increasing recruitment productivity.
 In addition, the primary purpose of occupational health and safety is to cultivate and
sustain the highest level of physical, mental, and social well-being among all employees in all
enterprises. Preventing employee termination due to health issues created by their working
environment, as well as protecting employees at work from hazards that endanger their health.
Employee placement and retention in a working environment that matches their physiological
and psychological capabilities. The public health of the entire population is being harmed
indirectly and regularly in dangerous ways by modernization and industrialization in the form of
environmental hazards that affect the personal health of many people, particularly those working
in industrial environments exposed to hazards in the workplace. As a result, industrial accidents
and injuries have a significant impact on the community's overall health profile. Although certain
occupations remain hazardous due to inherent workplace dangers such as the lack of required
technologies and equipment or the absence of adequate employee policies and protections.

Given the increasing emphasis on public health research and policy, personal injury and
trauma may spark renewed interest in occupational health as a public health concern. The level
of occupational health and safety provided by health care is determined by the size of the
organisation. It can be offered by occupational health-trained nurses, part-time doctors, or a
variety of professionals such as physiotherapists, hygienists, ergonomists, and occupational
therapists. Occupational health services can also support businesses in developing policies,
ensuring health and safety compliance, and assisting in health promotion and education
campaigns.
ABOUT CAFE :

CAFE NAME : CHICKEN DINNER CAFE

LOCATION : CAFE UITM PUNCAK ALAM

OBJECTIVE

There are several objectives in occupational safety and health management system:

● understanding fundamental and OSHA 1994 legal standards

● to safeguard anyone at a workplace other than employees from risks arising from
employment activities
● to increase the awareness of employers and employees in aspects of occupational
safety and health.
● to uphold or raise safety and health standards
● to identify possible workplace hazards/risks
Issue About Food Waste Tanks

Food waste tanks are frequently a source of contention in the food store. These tanks collect
and store organic waste generated during food preparation and cleaning. Nethertheless due to
improper food waste tank management can result in a variety of challenges, including bad
odors, pest infestations, sanitation issues, and significant health hazards. Inadequate
maintenance or the inability to follow required disposal processes can cause environmental
contamination as well as noncompliance with health and safety laws. Food retailers must
address these challenges and establish effective practices to ensure proper food waste
management and disposal in accordance with OSHA rules.

Problem

Food stores face difficulties in managing food waste tanks, which collect and store organic
waste generated during the food preparation and cleaning processes. Inadequate waste
management might cause waste to spill or seep from the tank, contaminating the surrounding
areas if it is not disposed of swiftly and effectively. Organic waste accumulation can promote the
growth of bacteria and the production of unpleasant odors, creating discomfort for both
personnel and customers. Furthermore, odors may attract pests such as flies, rats, and insects,
resulting in an unhealthy atmosphere that jeopardizes food safety. Even in the worst-case
scenario, the presence of this substance in food can be disastrous. Finally, improper food waste
disposal can cause hygienic issues because the contamination of neighboring stores
encourages bacteria to grow. and can cause sanitary concerns since the contamination of
nearby areas allows bacteria from the food waste to spread, causing health dangers to
personnel and customers. An additional problem is noncompliance with health and safety
regulations.

Solution

Regarding the proper processing and disposal of food waste, food outlets must follow
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) rules as well as government
regulations. Food retailers should establish good practices for controlling food waste tanks to
mitigate these difficulties. This includes cleaning and maintaining tanks on a regular basis to
prevent odor accumulation and pest infestations. Proper disposal methods, such as sealing and
labeling waste containers, guaranteeing timely removal, and utilizing licensed waste
management services, must be followed. To reduce dangers and enhance compliance with
OSHA rules, employees should be trained in the proper handling and disposal of food waste. By
doing so, food stores may maintain a clean and safe atmosphere, prevent health dangers,
comply with regulations, and maintain their establishment's reputation by addressing these
difficulties and employing proper management practices.

Issue: Doesn't have a fire extinguisher and any safety signage

Problem

● Every home and working place should have a fire extinguisher ready for use in the case
of a fire. But our society's level of knowledge is still declining. Many people believe there
is no need for fire extinguishers and do not want to spend money on them. For people of
all ages, fire extinguishers are a relatively straightforward and user-friendly solution to
putting out fires. Every store must have at least one fire extinguisher unit to enable early
action in the event of a fire in their homes. This fire extinguisher is one of the steps to
prevent the fire from spreading to all areas. It is unnecessary, but every premise must
have a fire extinguisher to protect the workplace and yourself.

Solution

● The organisation needs to put up signs of danger and safety to guide people and a
medium for conveying informtion to the occupants of the premises in the event of a fire.
Signs displaying fire extinguishers control how people behave in an emergency. To
protect oneself in a fire, fire extinguishers must be put in a secure, clearly visible location
and along the escape path rather than in an area with a potential fire. A light fire
extinguisher can be used to prevent or reduce the use of this equipment. Fire
extinguishers must be inspected at least once a year to ensure the equipment is
functioning correctly.

Issue : The plug

Problem

● As we know, some restaurants definitely have or need a plug in each cafe for use. For
example, this cafe has insufficient plugs. When the plug is not enough, another plug
 connector starts, which can cause small accidents in narrow and compact spaces.
Because of this, fires can also occur and endanger the lives of people in the area.

Solution

● The most important thing is the safety of the students, while the cafe or UITM needs to
limit the use of plugs so as not to cause other problems such as the risk of using plugs
that exceed the limit. For example, damage to the plug poses a risk to property and
people. A house fire or electric shock can be caused by such damage. Extensive use of
power boards and multiple adapters in property can cause serious damage by
overheating cables and contacts, in the worst case causing electrical fires and electric
shocks.

Issue : Narrow space and seating layout.

Problem

● This cafe is a 'food court cafe," which is a combination of several cafes that sell a variety
of food and drinks. Usually, this type of cafe is located under one roof. It is also one of
the main places or spaces for visitors who are also students, lecturers, or outsiders to
interact, as well as a stopping place to rest, chat, eat, and drink in a relaxed way while
releasing tiredness or stress. However, the design of this cafe is one of the problems
because it has a narrow space or a bad layout position that has caused discomfort. A
narrow position can also cause accidents.

Solution

● Site planning or seating position As a business space, the party designing the cafe
should focus on the position. In addition, the layout of this cafe should not prevent or
disturb other people from walking and wanting to buy food. In addition to the seating
 position, the position of the food and drink must be in a comfortable and convenient
condition for others to buy food and drink without causing accidents.

Issue: The food served is not covered.

Problem:

● The food served in the cafe is left open without a cover. When food is not sealed, air can
contaminate it at any time, during the production process and during cooking, especially
if the food is not sealed during storage. Contaminated food has the potential to make the
customer who buys it sick. Furthermore, the cafeteria has flies, and if the food is not
covered, it will be contaminated. In addition to bacteria, dust can also spoil food. The
small size of the dust makes us unaware that there is dust on the food. This will harm the
students or staff who work to buy it because most of the food sold in the cafe is not
closed and left alone.
Solution:

● If there are no customers buying, the trader must cover all the food served to prevent it
from being contaminated. Traders should not leave food open. This is to prevent dust or
bacteria from sticking to the food to be taken. Food hygiene is very important for traders
because it involves the health of the customers who buy it.
SUMMARY

Compliance with Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations is crucial
for food stores to ensure a safe working environment for employees and customers. The
importance of implementing OSHA practices in a food store cannot be overstated.

First and foremost, OSHA regulations aim to prevent workplace accidents, injuries, and
illnesses. By adhering to these guidelines, food store owners can identify and mitigate potential
safety hazards, such as those related to food waste tanks,narrow space and setting layout,
doesn't have a fire extinguisher, and, reducing the risk of accidents that can harm employees or
customers.

Maintaining a safe working environment also improves employee morale and productivity. When
employees feel safe and secure, they are more motivated, leading to increased job satisfaction
and efficiency. This, in turn, positively impacts customer service and the overall reputation of the
food store.

Non-compliance with OSHA regulations can have serious consequences, including legal
penalties and financial liabilities. Failure to meet safety standards can result in citations, fines,
and even legal action, damaging the store's reputation and financial stability. On the other hand,
demonstrating a commitment to safety through OSHA compliance can enhance the store's
image, attract customers, and establish trust within the community.

By implementing OSHA practices, such as proper management, food store owners demonstrate
their commitment to the well-being of their employees and customers. It ensures a safer work
environment, reduces the risk of accidents and injuries, and protects the store from potential
legal repercussions. Prioritizing OSHA compliance not only promotes a culture of safety but also
contributes to the long-term success and sustainability of the food store.