ENM 507 Çok Ölçütlü Karar Verme

Doç. Dr. Zehra Kamışlı Öztürk

Hafta 05
Çok Ölçütlü Karar Verme

Ders 5: Analitik Serim Süreci (ANP)

Zehra Kamışlı Öztürk

Endüstri Mühendisliği Bölümü, Anadolu Üniversitesi

SuperDecisions software public site:
www.superdecisions.com

SuperDecisions software and

other materials on Tom’s site for students:
www.superdecisions.com/~saaty

3
 To Build a Simple Network Model
• Create the clusters and the nodes inside the
clusters.
• Link the nodes. Select a node (parent) and
link it to other nodes (children) that it influences
or that influence it. A parent may have children
in many different clusters. The parent and its
children from each cluster form a pair-wise
comparison set.
•Clusters are linked automatically when
nodes in them are linked. 4
Create the Clusters and the Nodes

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Link the nodes in the Criteria cluster
to nodes in the Alternatives cluster

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Link the Nodes the Other Way
(Alternative nodes to Criteria nodes)

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 Make Comparisons

§ Compare the cars for preference with

respect to price, MPG, Prestige and
Comfort (same as in a hierarchy)
§Compare the criteria for preference
with respect to each alternative car;
What is better about the Carryon, its
price (UGH!) or its prestige (YEAH!)?
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 Establishing Priorities for Criteria
§ In AHP criteria are prioritized by
answering the question, “How important
is C1 compared to C2 with respect to the
goal?” Sometimes too abstract a question to answer.
§ In ANP criteria are prioritized by
asking how important they are in each of
the alternatives being considered. Usually an
easier question to answer when looking at actual alternatives
that have the properties in question.
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 Pairwise Compare Cars wrt Criteria
Example: Pairwise Comparisons for cars with
respect to Prestige and Comfort
Results for Prestige

Results for Comfort

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 Pairwise Compare Criteria wrt Cars
Example: Pairwise Comparisons criteria with
respect to Avalon

Results for Avalon

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The results of all the pairwise comparisons
make up the unweighted supermatrix.
For example, the last 4 numbers in column 1 below come
from comparing the criteria with respect to Avalon.

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The limit supermatrix is obtained by raising
the weighted supermatrix to powers until it
converges (in this case all columns are
same).
Limit Supermatrix

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 Final results for car
model
From ANP using Super Decisions

From AHP using Expert Choice

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 Why are the results different?
•In AHP – the user, going top-down making
comparisons, and when asked without
reference to the alternatives, over-estimated
the importance of cost to him.
•In ANP – the user learned through
feedback comparisons that his priority for
cost was not nearly as high as he believed
when asked the question abstractly: a
$24,000 car today is in the same price
category as an $18,000 car and the other
comparisons brought that information out. 15
 Inner and Outer Dependence

•Outer dependence - the parent node and

the nodes to be compared are in different
clusters. A directed link appears from the
parent node cluster to the other cluster.
•Inner dependence - the parent node and
the nodes to be compared are in the same
cluster. The cluster is linked to itself and a
loop link appears.

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We can add inner dependence: price is
influenced by prestige and comfort; prestige
is influenced by price and comfort.

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An Example of an Inner Dependent
Comparison is shown below: Which
influences Prestige more, Price or Comfort?

The results Avalon .236

are: Babylon .205
(with inner Carryon .559
dependence) 18
Other Concepts Important in the ANP
• Multipart models
1. Strategic Criteria;
2. BOCR merits and their Control
Criteria;
3. One decision network with feedback
for each control criterion - all
comparisons made with regard to the
control criterion
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SuperDecisions software public site:
www.superdecisions.com

SuperDecisions software and

other materials on Tom’s site for students:
www.superdecisions.com/~saaty

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