Energy, Work, and Power

1. A ball moves upward as shown below. The ball rises from its
initial position at J to its maximum height at K, hits the ground
again at L, bounces a few times are rolls to rest at M.

(a)State the principal energy changes of the ball

(i) between J and K,
(ii) between K and L, and
(iii) between L and M.
(b)At M, the ball has less energy than it had at J. What has
happened to the energy it has lost?

2. A ball with a density of 0.0015 g/cm3 and a volume of 0.2 m3

was dropped from a height of 65 m.
(a)Convert the density of the ball from g/cm3 to kg/m3.
(b)What was the speed of the ball when it hit the ground?
Assume that air resistance can be neglected and g = 10 N/kg.
3. At a training exercise, a policeman fires a pistol. A bullet of mass
10.0 g leaves the pistol horizontally at a speed of 500 m/s. The
bullet strikes and gets embedded in a stationary piece of wood
of mass 1.0 kg which was suspended. Immediately after impact,
the wood with the embedded bullet moves at a horizontal
speed of 5.0 m/s and swings upwards to a vertical height of h
from its initial position before stopping momentarily.
(a) What is the initial kinetic energy of the bullet when it leaves
the pistol?
(b) What is the final kinetic energy of the wood and embedded
bullet immediately after impact?
(c) By comparing (a) and (b), what is the loss in kinetic energy?
Account for this loss.
(d) Calculate the vertical height h, stating any assumption
made. Assume the gravitational field strength is 10 N/kg.

4. A ball is thrown down from a certain height and allowed to fall

downward. The figure below shows how the velocity of the ball
varies with time t. Air resistance may be ignored.
The ball has a mass of 0.23 kg and leaves the thrower’s hand at
t = 0. It hits the ground at t = 0.320 s and rebounds with 50% of
the speed with which it hits the ground.
(a) State the maximum velocity of the ball.
(b) Show that the acceleration of free fall is 10 m s-2.
(c) Determine the velocity of the ball just after it rebounds.
(d) Calculate the loss of kinetic energy of the ball as it hits the
ground and rebounds.
5. Eugene conducted an experiment to measure his body power
by running up a ramp as shown in the figure below. What is his
body power if he runs up the flight of steps in 4 seconds, given
that his weight is 500 N?

6. A filament bulb, rated at 40 W, converts 10% of its electrical

energy supply into light energy. Calculate the quantity of light
energy emitted in five minutes.