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Chapter 4

ٌ ‫“ َجم‬jama”
Plural ‫ع‬
The plural is a noun that denotes more than two referents. There are two types of
plural in Arabic. These are:

ٌ ‫ " َجم‬jam salim

a) The Sound Plural "ٌ‫ع َسا لِم‬
ٌ ‫ " َجم‬jam mukasar
b) The Broken plural "‫ع مك ََسر‬

The Sound Plural "‫ " َجمعٌ َسا لِم‬jam salim

The sound plural is a plural in which the singular retains its form and the plural is
formed, merely by adding a particular termination. There are two types of sound
plural.
َ
i. َ ‫َجمعٌالمذٌَك ٌِر‬
The sound masculine plural ٌ‫السا لِم‬
ii. The sound feminine plural ٌ‫السا لِم‬
َ ‫ث‬ ٌ ‫َجم‬
ٌ ِ َ‫ع المؤن‬

َ ٌ ‫َجم‬
The sound masculine plural ‫ِم‬ َ ‫ع المذَ ك ٌِر‬
ٌ ‫السا ل‬

َ
Making of sound masculine plural َ ‫ َجمعٌ المذَ ك ٌِر‬is formed by adding the
ٌ‫السا لِم‬
termination ‫ون‬
ٌ َ to a singular noun and vowel of last letter of singular noun will turn
into damma.
Apply rule Singular Apply rule Singular
‫ون‬ ٌ َ + ٌَ‫َصا لِح‬
ٌ َ ٌ‫ون = َصا لِح‬ ٌ ِ‫َصا ل‬
‫ح‬ ‫ون‬
ٌ َ ٌ‫ون = مسلِم‬
ٌ َ + ٌ‫مسلِم‬ ٌ ِ‫مسل‬
‫م‬
More than two One Pious Muslims One Muslim
‫ون‬
ٌ َ ٌ‫ون = م َحمَد‬
ٌ َ + ٌ‫م َحمَد‬ ‫َد‬
ٌ ‫م َحم‬ ٌ‫ون‬
َ ‫ون = َصا ِدق‬
ٌَ + ‫ق‬
ٌ ‫َصا ِد‬ ‫ق‬
ٌ ‫َصا ِد‬
Two Books One Muhammad More Truthful One truthful

MUHAMMAD TARIQ 1
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Exercise: Apply the rule which is described above and make Sound Muscular Plural

Noun Plural Meaning Noun Plural Meaning

ٌ‫اِسم‬ ٌ ‫جم‬
‫ع‬ ٌ‫َمع َن‬ ٌ‫اِسم‬ ٌ ‫جم‬
‫ع‬ ٌ‫َمع َن‬
Ism Ism
ٌ‫مسلِم‬ ٌ‫َصائِم‬
Muslim Fasting

‫ق‬
ٌ ‫َصا ِد‬ ‫َخا ِش ٌع‬
Truthful Submissive

ٌ ‫َراج‬
‫ِع‬ ‫د‬
ٌ ِ‫َعاب‬
Returning Worshiper

ٌ ِ‫َطا ل‬
‫ح‬ ٌ‫م َص ِنف‬
Bad Author

ٌ‫مف ِلح‬ ‫ث‬

ٌ ‫م َح ِد‬
Successful Speaker: A
transmitter of
prophetic
traditions
ٌ‫َظا لِم‬ ٌ ‫َناج‬
‫ِح‬
Cruel Successful

‫س‬
ٌ ‫م َهن ِد‬ ‫س‬
ٌ ‫م َد ِر‬
Engineer Teacher

ِ ‫م‬
ٌ‫شرك‬ ٌ‫دَاخِل‬
Idol worshiper Entrant

ٌ‫ك َافِر‬ ‫َصابِ ٌر‬

Infidel Patient

ٌ‫َجا لِس‬ ٌ‫َشا كِر‬

Sitting Thankful

‫ف‬
ٌ ‫َوا ِق‬ ٌ ‫مؤم‬
‫ِن‬
Standing Believer

ٌ‫قَائِم‬ ٌ ِ‫َصا ل‬
‫ح‬
Standing Good

The sound feminine pluralٌ‫السا لِم‬

َ ‫ث‬ ٌ ِ َ‫َجم ٌع المؤن‬

Making of sound feminine plural ٌ‫السا لِم‬

َ ِ‫ث‬ ٌ ‫ َجم‬is formed by removing ta
ٌ ِ ‫ع المؤ َن‬
marbuta ‫ ٌة‬after removing ta marbuta adding the termination ٌ‫ ات‬to a singular noun.

Apply rule Singular Apply rule Singular

‫ات‬
ٌ ‫ح‬ ٌ + ٌَ‫َصا لِح‬
ٌ ِ‫ات = َصا ل‬ ‫َصا لِ َح ٌة‬ ‫ات‬
ٌ ٌ‫ اتٌ = مسلِ َم‬+ ‫م‬
ٌ َ ِ‫مسل‬ ‫مسلِ َم ٌة‬
More than two One Pious Muslims One female
Muslim
‫ات‬ٌ َ ِ‫ اتٌ = عَائ‬+‫عَائِ َش ٌَة‬
ٌ ‫ش‬ ‫عَائِ َش ٌة‬ ٌ‫ اتٌ = َصا ِدقَات‬+ ‫ق‬
ٌ ‫َصا ِد‬ ‫َصا ِدق ٌَة‬
More Aisha One Aisha More Truthful One truthful
MUHAMMAD TARIQ 2
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Exercise: Apply the rule which is described above and make Sound Feminine Plural

Noun Singular Plural Meaning Noun Singular Plural Meaning

ٌ‫اِسم‬ ٌ ‫جم‬
‫ع‬ ٌ‫َمع َن‬ ٌ‫اِسم‬ ٌ ‫جم‬
‫ع‬ ٌ‫َمع َن‬
‫مسلِ َم ٌة‬ ‫َصائِ َم ٌة‬
Muslim Fasting

ٌ‫َصا ِدقَة‬ ‫اش َع ٌة‬

ِ ‫َخ‬
Truthful Submissive

‫َرا ِج َع ٌة‬ ‫َعابِ َد ٌة‬

Returning Worshiper

‫َطا لِ َح ٌة‬ ٌ‫م َص ِنفَة‬

Bad Author

‫مفلِ َح ٌة‬ ‫م َت َح ِج َب ٌة‬

Successful Pardah
observing
female
‫َظا ل َِم ٌة‬ ‫نَا ِج َح ٌة‬
Cruel Successful

‫م َهن ِد َس ٌة‬ ‫م َد ِر َس ٌة‬

Engineer Teacher

ِ ‫م‬
ٌ‫شركَة‬ ‫َدا ِخل ٌَة‬
Idol worshiper Entrant

ٌ‫ك َافِ َرة‬ ‫َصابِ َر ٌة‬

Infidel Patient

‫َجا ل َِس ٌة‬ ‫َشا ك َِر ٌة‬

Sitting Thankful

‫َواقِف ٌَة‬ ٌ‫مؤ ِم َنة‬

Standing Believer

‫قَائِ َم ٌة‬ ’ َ‫َصا لِح‬

Standing Good

ٌ‫قَا نِ َتة‬ ‫وج ٌة‬

َ ‫َز‬
An obedient Wife
women

The Broken plural "‫ " َجمعٌمك ََسر‬jam mukasar

The broken plural is plural in which pattern of singular noun is not retained; instead
this breaks in the plural. Hence, the noun is ‫ مك ََسر‬broken.

There is no specific rule to make broken plural. It has different patterns. So we can
learn easily by the passage of study.
Examples:
Singular Plural Singular Plural
ٌ‫ك َافِر‬ ٌ‫ك َفار‬ ٌ‫َرسول‬ ٌ‫رسل‬
MUHAMMAD TARIQ 3
 Page 4 of 5

ٌ‫َمل َك‬ ‫َم ََلئِك ٌَة‬ ‫س‬

ٌ ‫ار‬
ِ ‫َح‬ ٌ ‫ح َر‬
‫اس‬
ٌ‫َرجل‬ ‫ال‬
ٌ ‫ِر َج‬ ٌ‫غرفَة‬ ٌ‫غ َرف‬
ٌ‫سوق‬ ‫اق‬ َ َ‫ا‬
ٌ ‫سو‬ ٌ‫قَل َم‬ َ َ‫ا‬
ٌ‫قَلم‬
ٌ‫ِطفل‬ ٌ ‫ا َطف‬
‫َال‬

Plural Double Singular ٌ‫َظا لِم‬

‫َجمع‬ ‫ُمثَنّٰی‬ ‫احد‬
ِ ‫َو‬
‫ون‬
ٌ َ ٌ‫َظا لِم‬ ‫ان‬
ٌ ِ ‫َظا ل ٌَِم‬ ٌ‫َظا لِم‬ Masculine

‫ات‬
ٌ ‫َظا ل ٌَِم‬ ‫ان‬
ٌ ِ ‫َظا ل َِمٌ َت‬ ‫َظا ل ٌَِم ٌة‬ Feminine

ٌ ‫ نَاج‬Successful
‫ِح‬
Masculine
Feminine
‫َصابِ ٌر‬
Masculine
Feminine
‫س‬
ٌ ‫م َد ِر‬
Masculine
Feminine
‫د‬
ٌ ِ‫َعاب‬
Masculine
Feminine
ٌ ِ‫َصا ل‬
‫ح‬
Masculine
Feminine
ٌ‫قَل َم‬
Masculine

No feminine since it is a thing

MUHAMMAD TARIQ 4
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ٌ‫َرجل‬
‫ال‬
ٌ ‫ِر َج‬ Masculine

‫نِ َسا ٌٰء‬ ‫مرا َ ٌة‬

َ ِ‫ا‬
Feminine

MUHAMMAD TARIQ 5