Eucalyptus-based Mass

Timber building
products
1. Growing role of Mass Timber in Construction October 30th, 2023

2. Potential of Eucalyptus use for Mass Timber products

3. Proposed next steps
1
Maestro Technologies

Mass Timber
Construction: an
Introduction
Introduction
Mass Timber: the future of construction
Mass Timber: CLT (Cross Laminated Timber)
• Refers to large structural building components made from wood, laminated
together to achieve superior strength and stability.

Lamination: • Manufactured by laminating

• Gluing multiple layers of timber boards (lamellas) results in enhanced lamellas crosswise.
structural properties by counteracting the natural variations found in • Provides dimensional stability
individual lumber members. and strength in both directions.
• CLT is used as structural floor
Origin & Growth: slabs, and load baring walls,
• First developed in Austria in the 80s, Mass Timber products manufactured
representing an alternative to
from SPF species have become a mainstream in European construction.
• Total European CLT production surpassed 1 million cubic meters in 2021.
concrete

Glulam (Glue Laminated Timber)

85.4-metre-tall Mjøstårnet tower in
Norway constructed from glulam
columns and elevator shafts made
entirely from CLT.
• Manufactured by laminating
layers of lumber uni-
directionally.
• Used as columns and beams,
often replacing steel in low
and mid-rise construction
CLT & Glulam structure of the 5 story
“Black and White Building” in Central
London.

Mass Timber Construction: An Introduction

Drivers behind the rise of Mass Timber
CLT & Glulam are rapidly gaining popularity due to a
combination of advantages:

Supply Side: Demand Side:

Engineered Properties: Sustainability:

• Lamination of timber into a panel results in a
standardised, engineered product, with consistent,
predictable structural performance.
• Suitable for mid- and high-rise building construction.
Speed of Construction:
• Off-site CNC cutting of CLT panels results in fast
assembly times on site
• Green alternative to concrete and steel systems in
mid-rise construction as a result of sequestered
carbon.
Beauty:
• Rare combination of structural performace with
favourable, natural aesthetics.

Mass Timber Construction: An Introduction

CLT adoption worldwide
Worldwide capacity centred in Europe. North American
market for CLT remains largely untapped.

Regional Distribution of global CLT output volume, • Global CLT market size is estimated
2020 at 1.26bn in 2022, with expected
CAGR of >14% in the period 2022-
2030.
Other
North 4%
America • To date, the Alpine Region still
12% accounts for 70% of global CLT
production capacity.

Rest of EU
• The North American market is
14% showing slow but steady CLT
adoption.

• Given the size of the North American

DACH + ITA
+ CZ
construction market, it represents the
70% next major growth opportunity for
Mass Timber

Mass Timber Construction: An Introduction

2
Maestro Technologies

Potential of Eucalyptus
for Mass Timber
Construction
Product Differentiation
Eucalyptus CLT can compete against SPF offering on visual
quality, surface hardness and carbon capture benefits

Hardness
• Eucalyptus hardness (1125lbf*) is close to
double that of Douglas Fir (660lbf*) and
comparable to oak species (English oak
1120 lbf*)
• As a result, Eucalyptus CLT could be left
exposed in a wider range of scenarios
(e.g.: flooring surfaces & wall surfaces in
high-traffic public spaces)

Visual Quality
• The uniform grain patterns and few knots
on the eucalyptus board surface represent
a step change in aesthetics compared to
SPF, enabling exposed CLT use in high-
end interior spaces

Rapid growth
• Creates unit economics advantage whilst
resulting in superior carbon sequestration
properties compared to SPF alternative

A.I. generated image mocking

up the potential aesthetic of a
*Janka Hardness Test values narrow-lamella Eucalyptus CLT

High Level Feasibility

Eucalyptus CLT manufacture & plantation yield
CLT manufacture technique must be adapted for
Eucalyptus species
Back of an envelope yield calc
1/ Sawmilling & Grading Harvest at 8-year age:
Requires the use of lower (and potentially variable) lamella widths due to lower-diameter
species.
Assumptions:
Avg. Height (m) 37.7

Avg. DBH (cm) 32.2

Density (trees/ha) 230

Mercantile Volume / Tree≈ 1.05m3

Calculated as an average of the 2 methods below.
Beta coefficients from following source.
Schumacher & Hall function Clutter et al function
V = b1 db2 hb3 V = b0 + b1 d2h + b2h + b3d2
2/ Laminating, Gluing & Curing b1
b2
0,00003242
1,804
b0
b1
-0,03228
0,00003132
Adhesive composition to be adapted to match structural performance of Eucalyptus timber b3 1,178 b2 -0,003699
b3 0,0001188
V= 1,061 V= 1,046

% of mercantile volume suitable for CLT ≈ 60%

Conservative estimate (possible to reach up to 70%) based on comparison
to SPF lamella intake.

CLT lamella output / Tree ≈ 0.63m3

CLT lamella output / hectare ≈

145m3

High Level Feasibility

Product Differentiation
Eucalyptus CLT benefits are estimated to translate into
30% price premium over SPF offering

SPF CLT SPF CLT Eucalyptus Species

Non-Visible (C-grade) Visible (AB-grade) CLT
Non-visible quality is mainly used Used for exposed wall surfaces. By Nature of the timber should result
for subsequent covering / cladding nature of SPF species, knots and in uniform grain pattern within
on site. colour variation persist. minimal knots and imperfections.
Price premium
25% price premium expected to exceed
Average European market price / cubic for visual Average European market price / cubic 25% due to Projected price based on SPF alternative &
benefits beyond the
meter: performance alone meter: visual, hardens and sustainability benefits:
aestehtic

600 € /m3 750 €/m3 975 € /m3

Given yield estimate, one hectare of plantation can produce raw material
for CLT with potential value of 140,000 EUR

High Level Feasibility

Potential go-to-market approach
Leverage European mass-timber expertise & the
Mesopotamian eco-region to bring a new generation of CLT
for the North American Market

Eucalyptus CLT to European Mass

target the growing Timber
Mass Timber market know-how
in North America

Rapid-growth
Eucalyptus plantations
& development of a
local processing facility

High Level Feasibility

3
Maestro Technologies

Next steps
Next Steps
4-step development of Eucalyptus CLT product
1-3 months

Test
Feasibility 9-18 months

TEST STRUCTURAL Showcase Product

PERFORMANCE
• Deliver 2 cubic meters of sawmilled
eucalyptus boards to North Italian
facility
• Boards to undergo manual
lamination to create 2mX2m test
panels
• Failure testing to determine shear,
compressive and tensile strength
of proposed material
Advantage
BUILD SHOWCASE
PROJECT
• Produce limited run of Eucalyptus
CLT in Europe and deploy on a
small-scale building construction to
demonstrate feasibility and prove
product advantages
• Use opportunity to dial in production
processes for Eucalyptus lamellas
24-30 months
Build Production
Capacity
JV WITH EXISTING CLT
MANUFACTURER
• Following proof of concept, on-
board an existing CLT player in a
Joint Venture aimed at transferring
know-how for constructing &
operating large scale, automated
CLT plants
• Deploy partnership to construct CLT
plant in South America
36-48 months
Deploy to
Market
EXTABLISH NORTH AMERICAN
SALES
• Marketing push on sustainability &
visual advantages of Eucalyptus vs
SPF CLT products
• Build relationships with select
contractors & architects to construct
first series of projects with
Eucalyptus CLT in the US

Recommendation
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