Culture of

ancient
filipino
 The FATHER is the head of the
house.

The filipino All members live in the same

house.

family
Each member of the family has
roles.

The father teaches the boys

how to chop wood, fix
whatever is broken at home,
fetch water, fish, farm, hunt or
mine
The mother taught girls how to
clean the house, take care of
their siblings, cook, wash
clothes, etc.
Baybayin
Education and Writing System of Ancient
Filipinos
 The History

Baybayin is an ancient script of the

Philippines, believed to have been used as
early as the 16th century. It is a syllabic
script, which means each character stands
for a syllable and is made up of a
combination of basic shapes. It was used
to write Tagalog, the language of the
Tagalog people, but also other languages
of the Philippines such as Pampango and
 The Baybayin Vowels

Baybayin "A" Baybayin "E/I" Baybayin "O/U"

 The Baybayin Consonants

Baybayin "Ba" Baybayin "Ka" Baybayin "Da" Baybayin "Ga"

Baybayin "Ha" Baybayin "La" Baybayin "Ma"

 The Baybayin Consonants

Baybayin "Na" Baybayin "Nga" Baybayin "Pa" Baybayin "Sa"

Baybayin "Ta" Baybayin "Wa" Baybayin "Ya"

The Reformed Baybayin Rules
Baybayin consonants have default /a/ sounds. To change or remove the
default /a/ sounds, "kudlit" or "krus-kudlit" are added.

Baybayin "Ka" Baybayin "Ke/Ki" Baybayin "Ko/Ku" Baybayin "K"

Baybayin Exhibit A.
consonants have
default /a/
sounds. To
"Pa" "Ya" "Pa" "Payapa" (calm)
change or
remove the Exhibit B.
default /a/
sounds, "kudlit"
or "krus-kudlit"
"Pi" "Ni" "Li" "Pinili" (chosen)
are added.
Exhibit C.

"P" "La" "No" "Plano" (plan)

 The Reformed Baybayin Rules
The cardinal rule in Baybayin is to spell the word the way it is pronounced.
For example, the word "Philippines" should be spelled like "Pi-li-pins"

"Pi" "Li" "Pi" "N" "S"

The Reformed Baybayin Rules
Diphthongs are complex sounds which are combinations of simple vowels
and semi-vowels. In Filipino, diphthongs are those words that end in /w/ or
/y/. An example is the word "kalabaw."

"Ka" "La" "Ba" "W"

The Reformed Baybayin Rules
Hyphens do not exist in baybayin. If the word contains hyphen, just simply
remove the hyphen and apply the usual rules as is. For example, the word
"ikawalo" will turn into "ika-walo" when Baybayin is applied.

"I" "Ka" "Wa" "Lo"

Laguna CopperPlate
This is an important old document that
says a rich person and their family don't
need to pay back money they owe about
gold. It was made official with important
people like chiefs and officials watching.
It's from a long time ago, in the Saka Year
822 or 900 CE. This makes it the oldest
known written record in the Philippines.
Laguna CopperPlate
Courtship
and
marriage
Paninilbihan
Men had to win the heart of the woman by doing chores
in her home; This is called paninilbihan.

Dowry
The man’s family has to give gifts in the form of land,
gold, furniture, or slaves to the woman’s family before
marriage; this is called dowry.
Women in
Ancient
society
Equal status
Men and women in ancient barangay are of equal status
Women can also become a datu

Babaylan (Visayas) &

Katalonan (Luzon)
Women have special roles in the community. Some had
the role to be a medium between the gods, spirits, and
the people.
They lead rituals and prayers. They also serve as healers.
 All accused people are given the
chance to defend themselves

Trials and present witnesses.

They will swear to only tell the

for the
truth by saying things like “May
lightning strike on me if I am not
telling the truth.”

accused The datu consults with the

sanggunian before coming to a
decision.
 Grave (serious) crimes are
punishable by death.

For less serious crimes,

Crime and punishment includes:

1. Being subject to ant bites
2. Fines (payment to the

Punishment offended and/or government)

3. Cutting off the offender’s
finger
4. Jumping in water and
swimming
Beliefs of Ancient Filipinos
Life After Death
Filipinos believe in life after death

Dead relatives are washed and wrapped in cloth.

A wake is held before the funeral for the relatives, friends
and neighbors to mourn for the dead.
The person’s prized possessions (jewelry, clothes,
weapons) are buried with them

manunggul jar
Equal status
Men and women in ancient barangay are of equal status
Women can also become a datu

Babaylan (Visayas) &

Katalonan (Luzon)
Women have special roles in the community. Some had
the role to be a medium between the gods, spirits, and
the people.
They lead rituals and prayers. They also serve as healers.
Equal status
Men and women in ancient barangay are of equal status
Women can also become a datu

Babaylan (Visayas) &

Katalonan (Luzon)
Women have special roles in the community. Some had
the role to be a medium between the gods, spirits, and
the people.
They lead rituals and prayers. They also serve as healers.