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Experimental Techniques
Question Paper 3

Level IGCSE
Subject Chemistry
Exam Board CIE
Topic Experimental Techniques
Sub-Topic
Paper Type Alternative to Practical
Booklet Question Paper 3

Time Allowed: 45 minutes

Score: /37

Percentage: /100
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1 Look at the diagrams of common laboratory apparatus.

mortar
A
use to grind the solid substances

stirring rod

C tripod

Bunsen burner
D
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(a) Complete the empty boxes to identify the pieces of apparatus labelled. [4]

(b) What name is given to the separation method in C?

filtration
......................................................................................................................................[1]

(c) Which apparatus would be most suitable to obtain crystals from an aqueous solution of
copper(II) sulphate?

......................................................................................................................................[1]
because the water is removed by evaporation and causes the
solution become thicker and crystalised
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2 Hydrogen chloride gas is strong-smelling, denser than air and soluble in water. A sample of
hydrogen chloride gas can be prepared by adding concentrated sulphuric acid to sodium
chloride. Study the diagram of the apparatus used.

concentrated sulfuric acid

water

sodium chloride

(a) Fill in the boxes to show the chemicals used. [2]

(b) Identify and explain two mistakes in the diagram.

the beaker supposed to be down since the gas produced

Mistake 1...........................................................................................................................

is heavier than air

......................................................................................................................................[2]

water has to be removed, because the gas produced

Mistake 2...........................................................................................................................

is soluble in water.
......................................................................................................................................[2]

(c) State one precaution that should be taken when carrying out this experiment.
do the experiment in the fume cupboard
..........................................................................................................................................
because the gas produced is strong-smelling
......................................................................................................................................[1]
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3 A student investigated the colours present in a fruit drink. The fruit drink was tested to check that
no artificial colours had been added. The apparatus below was used.

glass cover

beaker
paper

solvent

(a)
a) Name the method used.

chromatograph
....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Why is there a glass cover on the beaker?

to prevent the solvent to evaporate

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) When should the paper be removed from the beaker?

when all colours are separated

.............................................................................................................................................. [1]
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(c) The diagram shows the results of the experiment.

solvent front

colours from
artificial colours fruit drink

(i) How many different coloured compounds were present in the fruit drink?

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Are there any of the artificial colours present in the fruit drink? Explain your answer.

yes, because there is one of the colour that has the same
.............................................................................................................................................

Rf with the artificial colour.

.............................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 6]
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4 A student investigated the reaction of air with copper. 100 cm3 of air was passed continuously
over heated copper using the apparatus below. When the volume remained constant, the
apparatus was left to cool and the volume of gas was measured.

copper

air

syringe

(a) (i) Complete the box to show the apparatus labelled. [1]

(ii) Indicate on the diagram, with an arrow, where heat is applied. [1]

(b) What should be used to transfer the copper from a bottle to the apparatus?

spatula
..................................................................................................................................... [1]

black
(c) The copper changed colour from brown to ................................................................. [1]

(d) Why was the apparatus left to cool before measuring the final volume of gas?
because when the gas is cooled off, the pressure will stop
...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 6]
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5 A student reacted nitric acid with magnesium oxide to prepare magnesium nitrate. The
diagram shows the procedure followed in three stages.

stirring rod

beaker
balance

warm

1 2 3
magnesium oxide magnesium oxide mixture allowed
weighed added until all the to cool
nitric acid reacted

(a) Complete the boxes to identify the pieces of apparatus labelled. [3]

(b) (i) What term is used to describe the unreacted magnesium oxide?

unsaturated [1]

(ii) What method is used to remove the unreacted magnesium oxide after stage 3?

filtration [1]

(c) Describe how crystals of magnesium nitrate could be quickly obtained from the
solution.

put the solution on the evaporating basin and heat it

to remove the water [2]

[Total: 7]
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6 The diagram shows the formation of a solution of magnesium hydroxide from magnesium.

Universal
tongs Indicator
solution

solution of
water magnesium
magnesium hydroxide
magnesium
burning to form oxide indicator
magnesium turns
oxide heat blue beaker
basin
(a) Complete the empty boxes to name the pieces of apparatus. [3]

(b) What type of chemical reaction is the burning of magnesium?

exothermic, combustion [1]

(c) Suggest a pH for the solution of magnesium hydroxide.

[1]